Vietnam Journal of Forest Science Number 3-2014

Study genetic diversity of Aleurites moluccana (L.) Willd’s provenances by RAPD markers

Trần Đức Vượng¹, Bùi Ngọc Quang¹,
Lương Văn Tiến², Hoàng Văn Thắng³, Trần Hồ Quang^1
1 Viện Nghiên cứu Giống và Công nghệ Sinh học Lâm nghiệp
² Viện Khoa học Lâm nghiệp Việt Nam
³ Viện Nghiên cứu Lâm sinh

Genetic diversity of 31 Aleurites moluccana trees from five provenances (Bac Kan, Lang Son, Thanh Hoa, Nghe An and Gia Lai) were evaluated by seven polymorphic RADP markers (OPN16, OPH08, OPR08, OPAL8, OPAK14, OPA4, OPAB5). Seven RAPD markers amplified 31 individual trees and produced 960 bands with size ranges from 100 bp to 950 bp. The polymorphic level ranged from 54.34% to 64.83%. Dendrogram obtained from 31 trees with UPGMA method showed 2 main clusters with similarity coefficient of 0.8. Cluster I comprised 16 individuals from Thanh Hoa, Nghe An and Gia Lai and having similarity coefficient from 0.84 to 1.00 and divided into three sub – clusters. Cluster II comprised 15 trees from Bac Kan and Lang Son provinces and contained 2 sub – clusters with similarity coefficient from 0.915 – 0.985.

Keywords: Aleurites moluccana, genetic diversity, RAPD

Research on structure of high trees of forest status IIA in protection forest of Yen Lap reservoir, Quang Ninh province

Võ Đại Hải
Viện Khoa học Lâm nghiệp Việt Nam

Research was conducted on natural forest staus IIA in protection areas of Yen Lap water reservoir, Quang Ninh province. Results show that: density of high trees varies from 476 – 696 trees/ha; species composition is rather diversified with a lot of different species, varies from 28 to 45 species, of which there are 4 – 7 tree species participated in species composition formula; All natural forest areas of status IIA have two storeys. Forest cover of the forest is 0.3 – 0.5; N/D_1.3 distribution of natural forest status IIA can be modelled by Weibull, spacing and Meyer distribution functions depending of the research locations; N/Hvn distribution of natural forest status IIA in the research areas can be modelled by Weibull and spacing distribution functions.

Keywords: Structure of high trees, forest status IIA, protection forest, Yen Lap – Quang Ninh province

Study of silviculture characteristic of tropical humid evergreen broadleaf closed forest in Ma Da region, Dong Nai province

Phùng Văn Khang
Viện Khoa học Lâm nghiệp Nam Bộ

In order to provide scientific basic used to propose forest management methods in Dong Nai’s culture and nature reserve, the study of “Understanding of silviculture characteristics of forest types: II­B, IIIA2, IIIA3” was conducted. The results show that:

In terms of forest structure: IIB type has 67 woody species, which belongs to 50 genus and 29 families; forest type IIIA2 consists of 55 woody species belonging to 41 genus and 25 families; forest type IIIA3 has 67 woody species that belongs to 46 genus and 25 families. N – D distribution of the three forest types is the same which has reduced distribution. Distribution of the N – H of type forest IIIA3 is a form of misses a top and obtuse, and distribution of the N – H of state forest IIB and IIIA2 are the form of misses a top and acute. Natural regeneration density for the three forest types is 11.700 trees/ha, 11.100 trees/ha and 9.400 trees/ha for IIB, IIIA2 and IIIA3 forest types, respectively. Most of the natural regeneration seedlings are from seed (91.5%), growing well (58.6%). The similarity index between mother trees and seedlings reanges from 38 to 44%. Number of tree species, species richment, uniformity of richment and species diversity of IIB’s type are higher than that of IIIA2 and IIIA2. Regeneration diversity increases gradually from IIB; IIIA2 and IIIA3.

Keywords: Silvicultural character, evergreen broadleaf closed forest, Ma Da, Dong Nai

Research on characteristics of evergreen broad – leaved natural forests in the Vu Quang National Park, Ha Tinh province

Nguyễn Thị Thu Hiền^*, Trần Thị Thu Hà
Trường Đại học Nông Lâm – Đại học Thái Nguyên

This research about structural characteristics of evergreen broad – leaved natural forest was examined on the six permanent sample plots in the Vu Quang National Park, Ha Tinh province. The result shown that there were 14 dominant species in the study areas (with IV >10%), in which some species with the highest composition coefficients as Castanopsis indica, Macclurodendron oligophlebia, Alangium ridleyi, Dracontomelon duperreanum. The Shannon – Wiener diversity index (H’) and Simpson index (D) were calculated at 3.586 and 0.952, respectively. The distance distribution showed the best to fit N – D distribution of the forest stands in the study areas. This study results have significantly contributed to the scientific basis for the management of natural forests in a sustainable manner in general and provided a basis for studying the dynamics of forest structures in the next stage.

Keywords: Biodiversity index, distance distribution, evergreen broad – leaved natural forests, forest structure, Vu Quang National Park.

Dynamic structure of evergreen broad – leaved natural forests in the Ba Be National Park

Nguyễn Thị Thu Hiền¹, Trần Văn Con², Trần Thị Thu Hà^1
1 Trường Đại học Nông Lâm – Đại học Thái Nguyên
² Viện Nghiên cứu Lâm sinh – Viện Khoa học Lâm nghiệp VN

The data collection in the standard positioned plots of evergreen broad – leaved natural forest was conducted to in Ba Be National Park from 2007 to 2012. As results shown, the dynamics of forest and its structure were relatively stable in the study area. Although there was a change in dynamics of structure components, it was not significant. The structural dynamics of density/diameter at the breast height (N/D_1.3) had the biggest variation in the BB6 plot in relation to the distribution in number of trees at the small diameter – based category, which decreased relatively considerable. A number of additional regeneration seedlings averaged at 9 trees per ha year^–1, while the average number of dead trees was 7 trees per ha year^-1, the rate of movement of trees to the next category per plot in the cycle were reached to the value of 19.46 %. Based on the results, this study can simulate the evolution of the forest over the long term.

Keywords: Evergreen broad – leaved natural forest, dynamics, structure and additional regeneration

Distributive and ecological characters of Mahonia nepalensis and Eurycoma longifolia in Lam Dong, Vietnam

Nguyễn Thành Mến¹, Hoàng Thanh Trường¹,
Huỳnh Thị Mỹ Trang², Nguyễn Đặng Thông^2
1Viện Khoa học Lâm nghiệp Nam Trung Bộ và Tây Nguyên
²Đại học Đà Lạt

Mahonia nepalensis DC. and Eurycoma longifolia Jack. are 2 valued medicinal plants and natural distribution in Lam Dong province. Mahonia nepalensis adapts to light and moisture habitat, mainly distributed in Dalat City and Lac Duong district. It usually grows along streams in the wet hillside, under the canopy of Pinus kesiya forests or mixed conifers and broad – leaved forests, at an altitude of 1,500 – 1,900m (concentrate in 1,800m – 1,900m). Mahonia nepalensis are often seen on ferrasols with slightly acidic soil and average particle size distribution. Eurycoma longifolia is a light demanding species and drought tolerant. It has a wide distribution in many localities in Lam Dong province, concentrated in districts: Di Linh, Bao Lam and Dam Rong. Eurycoma longifolia has distribution of altitude 200 – 1,100m (concentrate in 500 – 900m). This plant usually grows on ferrasols or lavisoils, slightly acidic soil and average particle size distribution.

Keywords: Eurycoma longifolia, Mahonia nepalensis, medicinal plant, distribution, Lam Dong.

Effects of planting factors in growth of dipterocarpaceae’s species in forest restoration models in Dong Nai province

Tô Bá Thanh¹, Bùi Việt Hải², Phạm Xuân Hoàn^3
1Khu BTTN Đồng Nai,
²Trường Đại học Nông Lâm tp.Hồ Chí Minh,
³Trường Đại học Lâm nghiệp Việt Nam

Thematic study was conducted to determine influence of land and planting factors to the growth potential of the D and H with Hopea odorata and Dipterocarpus alatus species. The results indicate that: (i) two different types of soil affect the growth unknown to D and H in both species; (ii) two different growing methods impact are non – significant to the growth of D in both species, but the effect is significant to the H growth of the species Dipterocarpus alatus; (iii) Growth of D and H in two major tree planting specifications did not clarify the rules for both species Hopea odorata and Dipterocarpus alatus; similar growth between D and H of support tree planting specifications also difference is not significant for both species.

Keywords: Hopea odorata and Dipterocarpus alatus, growth, soil for afforestation, reforestation techniques.

Assesement of growth of 11 – year – old Acacia auriculiformis plantation for saw – log production in Dong Nai province

Nguyễn Huy Sơn, Nguyễn Thanh Minh
Viện Khoa học Lâm nghiệp Việt Nam

This study used an Acacia auriculiformis plantation planted in 2002 by the National projects KC.06.05.NN to evaluate the possibility of providing saw timber after 11 years of planting at Song May station (Dong Nai province). The planted clones had clone certification, including A19, A58, a33, a147, which were mixed in the ratio of 1:1:1:1 when planted. The treatments were of factorial design, with different amounts of NPK fertiliser (14:8:6) and biofertiliser (Song Gianh) applied to each tree at planting, and additional – fertilising in years 2 and 3. Two years after planting, the highest growth rate was in the treatment group which received 150 – 200g NPK and 200 – 300 g biofertiliser at planting. After three years, the best treatment of additional fertilising at year 2 and 3 was 200g of NPK fertilizer and 200g biofertiliser. Planting densities were 1,110 and 1,660 trees/ha^-1. After 11 years the density, standing volume and MAI were 1,020 and 1,270 trees/ha^-1, and 300.5 and 300.9m³ ha^-1, and 27.3 – 27.4m³ ha^-1/year^-1, respectively. Growth rate, annual increament of standing volume and proportion of large – size timber of individual were significantly higher in the density treatment of 1,110 trees/ha^-1 . Where the initial planting density is 1,110 trees/ha^-1, after 11 years the proportion of trees having diameter at breast height over 18cm was 48.4%, white it was 31.4% in the density 1,660 trees/ha^-1 .

Keywords: Acacia auriculiformis, saw log, fertiliser application, planting density, Dong Nai province

Potential of green house gases emission reduction in land use, land use change and forestry for a period of 2010 – 2020 in Vietnam

Vũ Tấn Phương¹, Đỗ Trọng Hoàn² và Hoàng Xuân Tý^3
1Viện Khoa học Lâm nghiệp Việt Nam,
²Tổ chức Nông Lâm Thế giới tại Việt Nam,
³Hội Khoa học kỹ thuật Lâm nghiệp

Emission potential in land use, land use change and forestry is analyzed based on the scenario of Business as Usual for a period of 2010 – 2020. It means that this emission potential is calculated following the approved land use strategies and planning. The study employed REDD Abacus and COMAP softwarea and secondary data to analyze emission potential for land use, land use change and forestry (LULUCF) for 2010 – 2020. The analysis indicates that implementation of the strategies and planning for 2010 – 2020 will generate a net carbon sink of 35.7 million tons CO₂ equivalent (coded as CO₂e)/year. In forestry sector, land use change could provide a net sequestration of 37.3 million tons CO₂e/year. Emission reduction can greatly increase if 9 mitigation options are fulfilled and the emission amount resulted from these options can reach 70.1 million tons CO₂e/year for this period. The study suggests that Vietnam will obtain more carbon benefits from enhancing forest carbon stock and sustainable forest management than reducing emissions from deforestation only.

Keywords: Emission reduction, forestry, green house gases, land use, land use change

The using agri – stabi and lime to improve of acid sulphate soil for melaleuca and eucaliptus reforestation in Thanh Hoa, Long An province

Phạm Thế Dũng, Kiều Tuấn Đạt
Viện Khoa học Lâm nghiệp Nam Bộ

The potentiality of land use on acid sulphate soil in Mekong river delta is a great for agro – forest production, however, there is 1/3 of land area with being infected by acidity whilte using the lime to soil acidity improving is not reality by high expense for transport. Yuka sangyo Co., Ltd (Japan) and Forest Science Institute of South Vietnam have cooperated to try the using Agi – stabi which is new product of Yuka sangyo Co., Ltd to improve the acid sulphate soil in Mekong river delta. The study was implimented in Thanh Hoa forest experimental station in Thanh Hoa district, Long Anprovince in March, 2002. By method of experimental field, the experiment was designed as blocks system with 3 replicates for melaleuca and 2 replicates for eucaliptuts species. Research results points that can use the Agri – stabi to reduce acidity concentration in the soil to establish the melaleuca and eucaliptus plantation, and to incread growth of trees and reduce pH of water in canals surrounding.

Keywords: acidity sulphate soil, agri – stabi, lime, melaleuca tree, eucalyptus tree

Determination of nutrient resources can be return to the land of
A. auriculiformis plantation in Phu Binh – Binh Duong

Kiều Tuấn Đạt, Phạm Thế Dũng, Lê Thanh Quang
Viện Khoa học Lâm nghiệp Nam bộ

The study was conducted to determine the dry biomass and nutrients from three sources: (i) slash retention after havesting of the previous rotation; (ii) shrubs, vegetation, litter under the forest canopy; (iii) litter fall of Acacia auriculiformis plantation in the next rotation in Phu Binh – Binh Duong. Results showed that: total accumulative dried biomass of these three sources in Acacia auriculiformis plantations at age 5 is about 55.05 tons/ha, nutrient equivalent potential for soils is: 659.01kg N/ha, 61.35kg P/ha, 327.36kg K/ha, 58.43kg Ca/ha and 24.11kg Mg/ha. This nutrition will help improve soil fertility and sustainable productivity of Acacia auriculiformis plantation in the next rotation.

Keyword: Litter fall, slash retention, biomass, soil nutrient

Determination of technological parameters of Schima wallichii (DC) Korth treated by polyetylenglycol (PEG)

Bùi Duy Ngọc, Hà Tiến Mạnh, Hà Thị Thu
Bộ môn Chế biến Lâm sản – Viện Nghiên cứu Công nghiệp rừng

The untreated Schima wallichii (DC.) Korth has high coefficient of shrinkage and swelling; the shrinkage rate in the tangential direction is 11.17±0.37%; the shrinkage rate in the radial direction is 6.91±0.22%; the swelling rate in the tangential direction is 11.97±0.39%; the swelling rate in the radial direction is 6.83±0.33%. The dimensional stability of treated wood samples were increased while treating by PEG in different conditions: T = 40⁰C, 50⁰C, 60⁰C; τ = 6h, 8h, 10h; N = 15%, 20%, 25%. Oven dry density of the treated wood samples before treating is 0.75g/cm³. Oven dry density of the treated wood samples is from 0.78 to 0.87g/cm³, equivalent from 8.33% to 19.94% increasing. The anti – swelling efficient (ASE) is from 14.92% to 52.74% indicating good effective treatment. The coefficient of shrinkage and swelling of treated wood samples were gradually decreased: the shrinkage rate in the tangential direction is about 6.5%; the shrinkage rate in the radial direction is between (3÷3.5)%. The technological parameters of treating Schima wallichii (DC.) Korth wood by PEG – 600 were identified: T=48÷520C, τ=7.5÷9h, N=17÷24%.

Keywords: Dimensional stability, Schima wallichii (DC.) Korth, PEG.

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