CLONING AND SEQUENCING OF ECHB1 GENE RELATED TO MECHANISM OF INCREASING FIBER LENGTH IN EUCALYPTUS SPECIES
Tran Duc Vuong1, Ohtani Misato2, Tran Ho Quang1, Taku Demura2.
1Vietnamese Acacdemy of Forest Sciences
2RIKEN Biomass Engeneering Program, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
SUMMARY
In this study, we cloned and sequenced a full length cDNA encoding EcHB1gene from Eucalyptus grandis. The EcHB1 gene is 759bp in length and it encodes a 252 amino acid protein. Alignment of the isolated sequence and that of the Genebank (AB458829) indicated that one nucleotide is different between two sequences (A and G in 112 position). However, the difference in nucleotide sequence does not impact the amino acid sequence. The isolated plasmids contain EcHB1 gene is a good starting material for further study on gene transformation of Eucalyptus species.
Keywords: Cloning, EcHB1 gene, Eucalytpus, Fiber length
RAPD ANALYSIS OF THE GENETIC DIVERSITY OF NATURAL POPULATION OF Rhomboda lanceolata (Lindl.) Ormd FROM LAM DONG PROVINCE
Nguyen Thuy Ha, Nong Van Tiep
University of Da Lat
Le Ngoc Trieu
Centre for Applications Nuclear Techniques in Industry
Nong Van Duy
Tay Nguyen Institute of Biology
Tran Van Tien*
Lam Dong Silvicultural Experimentation Research centre
Vietnam Academy of Forest Sciences
SUMMARY
Three generations of the population of Rhomboda lanceolata (Lindl.) Ormd were collected in Lang Bian mountain, Lam Dong province, Vietnam for analysis of genetic diversity. In this research, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RADP) makers were employed to investigate the genetic variability in 30 individuals of that population, which corresponded to above three generation. With 11 primers, 28 highly reproducible and clear RAPD bands were obtained. The percentage of polymorphic loci at species level in the research was significantly quite low (Pt = 76.92%); This percentage at population level was also low and ranged from 59.23 % to 64.61%. However, the first generation has a higher % P (P1 = 64.61%) than its generative congener. Significant heterozygosity at species level was quite low (HEt = 0.2692),but, at populations level, there was markly differences between the generations. The first generation has higher values of diversity (HE1 =0.2960, in generation 1; HE2 = 0.190, in generation 2; HE3 = 0.1893, in generation 3). Genetic variation within population was significantly quite low, with GST = 0.2125. Genetic distance between generations of that population were remarkably differentiated, for example: genetic distances between generations 1 and 2 was D12 = 0.49; genetic distances between generations 1 and 3 was D13 = 0.51 and genetic distances between populations 2 and 3 was D23 = 0.48. Result of UPGMA cluster analysis were recorded 4 group (including, generation 1, 2, 3 and hybridized generations).
Keywords: Rhomboda lanceolata (Lindl.) Ormd, Genetic diversity, RAPD
RESULTS OF RESEARCH INTO GERMINATION RATES OF SEEDS OF PINUS OOCARPA SCHIEDE EX SCHLECHTENDAL PLANTED IN LANG HANH (LAM DONG PROVINCE)
Nguyen Thanh Nguyen, Tran Dang Hoai
Lam Dong Silvicultural Experimentation Research Centre
SUMMARY
Germination rate of seeds were determined for Pinus oocarpa planted in Lang Hanh (Lam Dong Province). Its seeds should be harvested to the highest yield from January to February. Seeds length were ranged from 0.40 cm to 0.75 cm, with the sizes from 0.40 cm to 0.50 cm were 32% and the sizes from 0.50 cm to 0.75 cm were 68%. Seeds width were varied from 0.20 cm to 0.35 cm. Number of seeds in a fruit are 49.3 and number of plump seeds in a fruit are 8.3; the number tested seeds in per kg are 88,800 and the clean seeds in per kg are 82,700 seeds/kg. Seeds of Pinus oocarpa treated at a temperature of 40°C (2/5 boiled water mixed 3/5 cold water) for 24 hours, and then there were incubated in cloth bag and kept in the incubator at a temperature of 33°C. It has the highest sprout was 90.34%, and the value germination was 61.43%. Germination rates increases over time is the highest sprout was 8.82 at day 9th and decreased gradually until day 23th.
Keywords: Pinus oocarpa, Seed, Germination rate.
RESEARCH ON PROPAGATION OF HOANG DANG (Fibraurea tinctoria Lour) IN QUANG NINH PROVINCE
Pham Huu Hanh, Ha Van Nam
Non-timber Forest product research Center
Vietnamese Academy of Forest Sciences
SUMMARY
Hoang Dang (Fibraurea tinctoria Lour) is a valuable multipupose brushwood spiece graded in IIA group. Hoang Dang has important pharmaceutical functions in traditional medicine. Its root has been widely used to treat some diseases such as inflammation, diarrhoea, ulcerate, pustule, yellow fever,…. Palmitate extracted from root of Hoang Dang is a active element to cure red sore eyes, digestive disorder, to product tranquillizer. In the past, Hoang Dang was widely distributed in nature. Due to exhauted exploitation and deforestation for agricultural development during recent decades, Hoang Dang’ natural distributed region and resource are came down rapidly. To impove that situation, research on Hoang Dang propagation for breeding and seedling supply, conservation, medicine supply, as well as economic and social development on mountainous area of Quang Ninh province has its own real and sciential significance. The research result shows that clonal propagation by cutting propagation technique can be applied. The two growth hormone agents – IAA and IBA with 1500, 1000 and 500 ppm concentration are used. With 1500 ppm, the rootting rate, the amount of root and rootting lenght (in average) are higher than that those with 1000, 500 ppm and none chemical. As for vegetative propagation, the three seed treatment experiments are tested. Treated seed experiment by soaking in warming water at 40oC in 10 hours has high germinative rate (82.2%). Treated seed in wet sand has 81.1% germinative rate. Treated seed experiment by soaking in cold water in 10 hours has low germinative rate (78.9%). In nursery, Hoang Dang seedlings have high surviving rate (87.5% at the age of 12 month). Up to 12 month of age, seedlings should be planted in nursery. Young trees reach 0.5m in diameter, 40cm in height can be transplanted in plantation.
Key words: Propagation, Fibraurea tinctoria Lour
RESEARCH ON AIR LAYERING AND CUTTING PROPAGATION OF DENDROCALAMUS VELUTINUS
Le Van Thanh and Nguyen Ba Trieu
Vietnamese Academy of Forestry Sciences
SUMMARY
Research on air-laying and cutting propagation of Dendrocalamus velutinus showed that dark-green branches are best material for air-laying propagation. Tree age for taking branch and IBA concentration effected significantly on rooting ability. Air layering for dark-green branches of 1 year-old trees treated by IBA 1500 ppm is rooted 96.67% after 7 days, and 100% after 14 days with best rooted quality in comparision with other IBA comcentrations. Air-laying propagation of branches taked from 2 – 3 year-old trees, and treated by IBA 2000 ppm had rooting percentage of 75.56% after 21 days, and 80% after 28 days. Meanwhile most appropriate of cutting propagation with IBA 2000 ppm for branches taked from both 1 year and 2-3 years old trees only rooted after 50 days with rooting percentage of 70% and 42.2%, respectively.
Key words: Dendrocalamus velutinus, Air-laying, Cutting.
RESULT OF RESEARCH ON CUTTING PROPAGATION FOR ALNUS NEPALENSIA
Dang Van Thuyet, Can Thi Lan
Vietnamese Academy of Forest Scicences
SUMMARY
Alnus nepalensia is the fast growing tree specie which is used for supply materials for producing sawn timber, pulpwood, or materials for planting mushroom. Alnus nepalensia is also planted in belt for fire resistance or being shade trees for non-timber species.
The experiment of cutting Alnus nepalensis was conducted in 2008-2009 in Ba Vi, Ha Noi. The results show that it is suitatble to propagate this specie in the yellow sandy substratum in Summer or Autumn. Using braches, cutting on the tops of branches for propragating is appopriate. Treating cuttings by NAA (1.0-1.5%) can give us the highest rate of sprout root. Each 1-2 hours, watering one time and each time watering in 10 seconds. The rate of sprout root in this experiment is quite high, reaching from 56.7-60%.
Key words: Cutting propagation; Alnus nepalensia.
EFFECT OF POTTING MEDIA ON THE GROWTH OF DIPTEROCARPUS ALATUS ROXB. AND HOPEA ODORATA ROXB. IN THE NURSERY
Nguyen Thi Hai Hong, Tran Nhat Nam, Vo Trung Kien
Forest Science Sub-Institute of South Vietnam
SUMMARY
Hopea odorata Roxb. and Dipterocarpus alatus Roxb. are two species belonged to Dipterocarpaceae family popular planted in Vietnam. Supplying high-quality materials for plantation is a very important stage to decide the growth and development as well as economic efficiency of the plantation. The potting media is one of the important factors significantly affecting the growth of seedlings in the nursery. In this experiment of potting media, D. alatus seedlings in the treatment 1 (top soil), treatment 2 (88 % top soil, 10 % muck, 2 % super phosphate) and treatment 3 (73 % top soil, 15 % mycorrhizal soil, 10 % muck, 2 % super phosphate) showed the best growth both in height of more than 77 cm and diameter of over 6 mm; H. odorata seedlings reached the best growth in the treatment 2 and 3 with a height of over 86 cm and a diameter of more than 4.6 mm as 12-month-old seedlings. The top soil quality is an important factor which should be noted in D. alatus and H. odorata seedling production.
Keywords: Potting media, Dipterocarpus alatus Roxb., Hopea odorata Roxb.
THE RESULTS OF TEST-RUN GROWING OF EUCALYPTUS SEEDS IN SON LA PROVINCE
Dang Van Thuyet, Nguyen Van Hung
Vietnamese Academy of Forest Scicences
SUMMARY
Test- run growing of 10 lots of gum-tree’ seeds including: 4 lots of Eucalyptus urophylla; 5 lots of E. urophylla x E. pelita x E. grandis, E. urophylla x E. pelita x E. urophylla and one lot of E. pellita in Chieng Den – Son La city at the height of 790 m with sea level.
The results after 39 months showed that of 10 lots, trees in 3 lots have met the target (over 20 m3/ha/year), the trunk quality is the best or good: Uro in Ba Vi, 24xPG and 69xPG; 2 lots have reached expected development (15-20 m3/ha/year), best or good quality trunk is 24xPM and 24xPUX); rest 5 lots have reached medium expected development (9.1-11.6 m3/ha/year), the quality of trunk is quite good.
Keywords: Eucalyptus seed, Son La province
CURRENT STATUS AND PROPOSED SOLUTIONS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF NON-TIMBER FOREST PRODUCTS IN HO SON AND DAI DINH COMMUNES BELONGING TO BUFFER ZONE OF TAM DAO NATIONAL PARK
Pham Duy Long, Nguyen Thi Thuy Nga
Vietnamese Academy of Forest Sciences
SUMMARY
Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) have not only an important contribution to social and economic areas, but also a great value for forest ecosystem and biodiversity. The aims of this study are to investigate status and propose solutions for development of NTFPs in Ho Son and Dai Dinh communes. Methods used in the present study include interviews, information collecting of earlier research, participatory rapid appraisal (PRA). The main findings were that plant species for NTFPs were diversed and abundant with 43 species divided into 5 categories including the pharmaceutical, food, ornamental, species supply fiber and multi- purpose species. Exploitation and use of non- timber forest products were strongly taking place. There had not been market relationship between local people and pocessing companies. In addition, solutions planning, techniques, management and market were suggested to develop plant species for NTFPs in the study sites.
Keyword: Planting, Development solution, Non-timber forest products
THE SILVICULTURAL AND ECOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PINUS KREMPFII H.LEC IN LAM DONG PROVINCE
Le Canh Nam and Nguyen Thanh Men
SUMMARY
The Vietnamese endemic flat-needles pine Pinus krempfii H. LEC grows naturally in Langbian plateau. In the distribution area, Pinus krempfii is founded in broad – leaved and coniferous mixed forest type, with several characters of stand: the average density is 853 trees per hecta, average height is 17.2m and average diameter at breast height is 23.6cm. The stand is highly diversity with 100 species, of 62 genus that belong to 35 families.
In the stand, the soil pHKCl diverses from 4.9-5.3; nutrtion varies between 0.138 and 0.441; meanwhile P2O5 varies between 0.013 – 0.415 and K2O from 0.013 – 0.051.
From the collected data of 45 temporal sample plots, it is indicated that the number of individual of Pinus krempfii is low with average of 21 trees/ha, average diameter and heigh is 62.7cm and 24.5m. It is clear that all individuals are matured or over matured.
Pinus krempfii emerges as one of 10 ecological dominant species in stand, with IV%= 5,2%. There are positive relationship between Pinus krempfii and Pinus dalatensis, and consistent random relationship among Pinus krempfii with Craibiodendron heryi, Syzygium zeylanicum, Syzygium wightianum, Craibiodendron vietnamense, Castanopsis echidnocarpa, Elaeocarpus lanceifolius and Fokienia hodginsii. But it has a negative relationship with Lithocarpus pseudosundaicus.
Keywords: Cconifer, Silvicultural character, Pinus krempfii H. LEC, Ecological characteristic, The Vietnam Red Book.
STRUCTURAL CHARACTERRISTIC OF CASTANOPSIS BOISII FORESTS IN BAC GIANG
Nguyen Toan Thang, Tran Hoang Quy, Bui Thanh Hang, Vu Tien Lam, Cao Chi Khiem
Vietnamese Academy of Forest Sciences
SUMMARY
Study was conducted in nature forests in four districts as Luc Nam, Luc Ngan, Son Dong and Lang Giang. The results shows that Castanopsis boisii dominated on upper and middle canopy of natural forest in most studed plots (11/19 plots). The Importance Value ranges from 20.7 to 97.7%; The stand density ranges from 380 to 688 stems/ha, in which stem density of Castanopsis boisii ranges from 92 to 540 stems/ha. Weibull distribution functions are well fitted for frequency height and diameter distributions of the studied. Relationship between Hvn and D1.3 is well fitted (R ≥ 0.53) by a number of functions for two functions Quadratic and Cubic.
Keywords: Castanopsis boisii, Structure, Bac Giang
EFFECT OF CLIMATIC FACTORS ON GROWTH OF Keteleeria evelyniana Masters) IN DUC TRONG ZONE OF LAM DONG PROVINCE
Nguyen Van Nhan
SUMMARY
This paper presents research results for response of Keteleeria evelyniana towards climatic factors at Duc Trong zone, Lam Dong province. The research objectives was to identify climatic conditions of months which have clear effect to the ring width growth of Keteleeria evelyniana. To solve the research objectives, the author used methods of Dendrochronology and Dendroclimatology. The research results showed that ring width series and ring width index series of Keteleeria evelyniana not only have very high autocorelation and sensitivity but also change on period from 21 to 60 years. Response on the ring width increment of Keteleeria evelyniana express tightest with air temperature of December, precipitation of March, average air moisture of August and September, sunshine hours of January and hydro-temperature coefficient of March, August, September and November. Ring width increment of Keteleeria evelyniaana can be predicted base on average air temperature of December, precipitation of March and average air moisture of August. From the research results, the thesis has proposed the condition rank weather table favorable and difficult to the growth of Keteleeria evelyniana at Duc Trong District, Lam Dong Province.
Keywords: Ring width, Responsive functions, Statistical model, Autocorelation.
RESPONSE OF DARCRYCARPUS IMBRICATUS TOWARDS CLIMATIC FACTORS IN NUI ONG ZONE, BINH THUAN PROVINCE
Nguyen Van Them
SUMMARY
This paper presents the research results for response of Darcrycarpus imbricatus towards climatic factors in Nui Ong zone, Binh Thuan province. The research objective was to identify climatic factors of months which have clear effect to the ring width growth of Darcrycarpus imbricatus. To solve the research objective, the author used methods of Dendroclimatology. The research results showed that ring width series and ring width index series of Darcrycarpus imbricatus not only have very high autocorelation and sensitivity but also change on period from 11 to 21 years. The ring width growth of Darcrycarpus imbricatus depended on average air temperature of January, January – April, May – October, precipitation of April and January – April, average air moisture of January and October, and sunshine hours of January and September.
Keywords: Ring width, Standardized ring width, Ring width indices, Ring width series, Ring width index series, Responsive functions, Autocorelation, Sensitivity.
RESEARCH ON THE ANTI-WAVE POTENTIAL OF DIFFERENT EXPERIMENST OF MANGROVE FOREST PLANTATION IN SOME NORTHERN COASTAL PROVINCE OF VIETNAM
Doan Dinh Tam
Research Centre for Forest Ecology anh Environment
SUMMARY
The 4-year experiences of planting mangroves in sites with adverse conditions in Thai Binh and Thanh Hoa provinces showed that mangroves grow best in formulas CT1-3; CT2-2 and CT3-2. There is evidence indicating that the mangroves planted following these formulas efficiently form anti-wave barriers. Among mangroves planted on marine swamps submerged in seawater in Thai Binh province, those that were planted following formula CT1-3 presented the highest anti-wave coefficient (i.e., 83.69%) and those that were planted following formula CT1-2 generated the lowest anti-wave coefficient (i.e., 76.18%). For forests planted in sandy soil with strong wave and wind coming daily in Thanh Hoa province, the single species (i.e., red-flowered apple (Sonneratia caseolaris) mangroves with density of 3200 trees per hectare formed better anti-wave barriers than the mixed species (i.e., red-flowered apple (Sonneratia caseolaris) mixed with corky stilt (Rhizophora apiculata)) mangroves did. The highest and lowest anti-wave coefficients recorded in mangroves planted on sandy soil in Thai Binh province were 89.60% (in formula CT2-2) and 85.63% (in formula CT2-1), respectively. In the absence of mangroves, wave height was only reduced by 28.3%. There is a close relationship between mangrove’s growth factors such as Hvn, Doo and Dt and mangrove’s anti-wave capacity. The taller and bigger mangrove trees are, the better do they reduce the negative effects of waves. Particularly, mangrove trees’ canopy diameter presents the best capacity in terms of reducing the wave amplitude, followed by mangrove trees’ height and stem diameter.
Keywords: Mangrove, Sites, Anti-wave coefficients
OPPORTUNITY COST ANALYSIS TO PROPOSE CONVERSION OF CARBON – RICH LAND USE POTENTIAL, BAC KAN
Hoang Lien Son
Vietnamese Academy of Forest Science
SUMMARY
The study on analysis of the opportunity costs is to encourage the conversion of land use of carbon rich potential in Bac Kan to carry out on the districts with diverse types of land use, including: Ba Be, Pac Nam and Na Ri. The study has applied analysis of economic efficiency indicators, such as NPV, BCR, IRR with discount rate r = 12% / year and estimated carbon stocks in order to evaluate the economic efficiency and opportunity costs for three main class of land use: (1) Production forests; (2) Upland cultivation; and (3) Assisted Natural Regeneration (ANR) to compare level of emission reduction and carbon accumulation of these different types of land use with monoculture of corn cultivation on sloping land.
The study results show that in order to encourage people to switch from corn monoculture model to model Manglietia glaauca + corn, the opportunity cost for the 01 tons of carbon accumulation is 986,453 VND/tonC; Acacia + Corn is 409,071 VND/ton C; and Melia azedarach + Corn is 824,327 VND/ton C.
Keywords: Opportunity costs, Trade off, Reduce Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation (REDD), and Reduce Emissions from All Land Uses (REALU)
RESEARCH ON FIRE RESISTANCE OF WOOD TREATED WITH BORIC ACID AND SODIUM SILICATE
Nguyen Thi Bich Ngoc, Le Bach Đang, Nguyen Duy Vuong
Vietnamese Academy of Forest Sciences
SUMMARY
Wood of Styrax tonkinensis and Acacia hybrid are treated with some chemical formulas based on boric acid and sodium silicate for evaluation of fire retardance. The main index to consider the posibility of fire is the weight loss (%) of sample after fire testing. Samples treated with boric acid solution or sol of silicate are significantly enhanced the fire resistance compared with the control sample. With the formulas in which boric acid solution added of glycols, the fire resistance of samples reduce greatly. The preliminary results of the samples treated with solution based on combination of boric acid and sodium silicate show that they are very high resistant to fire. The results also indicate that there are more advantages when combination chemicals in formulations than using them alone, or silica deposition.
Keywords: Styrax tonkinensis, Acacia hybrid, Fire retardance, Boric acid, Sodium silicate
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