Dang Quang Hung, Nguyen Ba Trieu, Nguyen Xuan Nam
Forestry Scientific Technical Application Centre
Garcinia cowa Roxby is known as a multipurpose tree. It provides not only high value wood but also fruits for food. The fruit is sour, so it can be used like a spice for many traditional foods. Propagation by grafting of Garcinia which has the dominant characteristics of its mother tree (such as bearing rich fruits and short time to give fruits) is a necessary solution for providing seedlings to meet the demands of people in planting and developing Garcinia, and so livelihoods are improved.
The grafting method for creating Garcinia seedlings is easy to implement, and the survival rate is quite high reaching up to 70%. Additionally, this method can take full advantage of the young stump and retains the best characteristics of the branches.
Materials for grafting: Stump is a 10-12 month old Garcinia tree which is developed from seed with D00: 0.7-1,5cm. Branch is cut from the selected mother tree (which bears rich fruit).
Methodologies: We can use three grafting methods: wedge grafting, cleft grafting, or approach grafting. There are 30 trees used as random samples for each of the three methods and three redundant.
Time for grafting: four seasons of the year.
Data after collecting are calculated by using SPSS and excel software.
Define the best time for grafting:
– The survival rate in summer clearly varies from spring, autumn and winter (Sig < 0.05).
– The survival rate in spring does not greatly vary from autumn or winter (Sig > 0.05).
The results show that grafting in spring gives us the highest survival rate. It clearly varies from summer, but not much from autumn and winter. Therefore, of the four seasons, spring is the most suitable for grafting Garcinia (the survival rate obtains an average of 72,96%), and autumn is the second most suitable (the survival rate obtains an average of 70,37%). The survival rate in summer is the lowest (57.08 %).
Define the best grafting methods:
– The survival rate in wedge grafting varies from the rate in approach grating (Sig<0.05)
– The survival rate in cleft grafting does not vary from wedge graft age and approach grafting much.
– In three measures, the wedge grafting give the highest survival rate ( 71,42%) and the approach grafting give the lowest survival rate (61,11%).
Results for following up the survival rate of Garcinia grafting trees
Between 30 days and 12 months after grafting, and with good tending in the nursery, the survival rate varies very little. We can see the high stability of grafting branches and grafting stumps. The rate of the dead grafting trees in the three grafting method does not vary much meaning the grafting branches are not influenced by the compatibility of the grafting trees.
In general, we can conclude that after grafting successfully, the grafting trees can adapt to the environmental conditions instantaneously.
We can use grafting measures which use branches for producing seedlings and the time for fruit development is shortest. The survival rate in the wedge grafting is highest (71.42%). Spring is the best time for grafting (January to March). The Garcinia grafting trees grow quite fast and are stable, 12 months after grafting, the mortality rate is about 3 -6 %.
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