{"id":9728,"date":"2012-02-09T07:46:26","date_gmt":"2012-02-09T00:46:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/2012\/02\/nghien-cuu-chon-va-nhan-giong-cho-tech-va-xoan-ta-co-nang-suat-cao\/"},"modified":"2013-10-06T09:02:34","modified_gmt":"2013-10-06T02:02:34","slug":"nghien-cuu-chon-va-nhan-giong-cho-tech-va-xoan-ta-co-nang-suat-cao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/nghien-cuu-chon-va-nhan-giong-cho-tech-va-xoan-ta-co-nang-suat-cao\/","title":{"rendered":"Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng cho T\u1ebfch v\u00e0 Xoan ta c\u00f3 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao"},"content":{"rendered":"<\/p>\n

\u0110o\u00e0n Th\u1ecb Mai, L\u00ea S\u01a1n, Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Th\u01a1m, Phan Quy\u1ec1n<\/strong> <\/p>\n

Trung t\u00e2m Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y r\u1eebng<\/em> <\/p>\n

T\u00d3M T\u1eaeT<\/strong> <\/p>\n

T\u1ebfch l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y nh\u1eadp n\u1ed9i c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng sinh th\u00e1i ch\u00ednh trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, Xoan ta l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba, \u0111a t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng, c\u00f3 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf cao, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Tuy nhi\u00ean, do nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 c\u00e2y T\u1ebfch v\u00e0 Xoan ta ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. T\u1eeb k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i “Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn, nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n gi\u1ed1ng T\u1ebfch v\u00e0 Xoan ta c\u00f3 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng g\u1ed7 l\u1edbn” do Trung t\u00e2m Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y r\u1eebng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, 60 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed9i T\u1ebfch v\u00e0 79 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed9i Xoan ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc t\u1eeb c\u00e1c l\u00e2m ph\u1ea7n r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng. C\u00e1c kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m h\u1eadu th\u1ebf v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng v\u00f4 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n gi\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ngu\u1ed3n gi\u1ed1ng T\u1ebfch nh\u1eadp n\u1ed9i kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u1eb1m t\u1ea1o ngu\u1ed3n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u di truy\u1ec1n ban \u0111\u1ea7u cho c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng T\u1ebfch ti\u1ebfp theo. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng sinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng cho c\u00e1c c\u00e2y tr\u1ed9i nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u01b0a nhanh c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. <\/p>\n

T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a: <\/strong>Ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng, nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng, Xoan ta, T\u1ebfch <\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb6T V\u1ea4N \u0110\u1ec0<\/strong> <\/p>\n

Trong D\u1ef1 \u00e1n tr\u1ed3ng m\u1edbi 5 tri\u1ec7u h\u00e9c ta r\u1eebng, c\u00f3 3 tri\u1ec7u h\u00e9c ta r\u1eebng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t bao g\u1ed3m 1 tri\u1ec7u h\u00e9c ta c\u00e2y c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p d\u00e0i ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 2 tri\u1ec7u h\u00e9c ta c\u00e2y l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u1edbi 75% l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y keo, b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n, th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 tr\u00e0m; m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i nh\u1eadp n\u1ed9i c\u00f3 tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng, c\u00e2y g\u1ed7 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 c\u00e2y b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 chi\u1ebfm t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Xoan ta(Melia azedarach<\/em>) <\/strong>thu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd Xoan (Meliaceae)l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y g\u1ed7 l\u1edbn, c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u cao 15-20m. L\u00e0 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y \u0111a t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng, g\u1ed7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ed9c g\u1ed7 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, l\u00e1 l\u00e0m ph\u00e2n xanh, h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e9p l\u1ea5y d\u1ea7u, v\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m thu\u1ed1c,\u2026 v\u00e0 l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta su\u1ed1t t\u1eeb B\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn Nam. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i c\u00f3 g\u1ed7 nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 m\u1ec1m, d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ed9c,\u2026 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, c\u00f3 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00e1 nhanh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay ch\u00fang ta h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng cho \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y. <\/p>\n

T\u1ebfch (Tectona grandis)<\/em> thu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd C\u1ecf roi ng\u1ef1a (Verbenaceae),<\/strong>ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 trong c\u00e1c khu r\u1eebng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi \u1edf Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n, Nam v\u00e0 Trung \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, Th\u00e1i Lan, L\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippin, C\u0103mphuchia v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc Ch\u00e2u Phi, Ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9,\u2026 Do c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf r\u1ea5t cao n\u00ean T\u1ebfch tr\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u1edbn. \u1ede Java (Indonesia) di\u1ec7n t\u00edch tr\u1ed3ng T\u1ebfch kho\u1ea3ng 1 tri\u1ec7u hecta chi\u1ebfm t\u1edbi 45% di\u1ec7n t\u00edch r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng. T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn 2003 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch r\u1eebng T\u1ebfch \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c Ch\u00e2u \u00c1 – Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00ean t\u1edbi 25 tri\u1ec7u hecta (C.T.S. Nair., <\/strong>2003). <\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 g\u1ed7 l\u1edbn, bao g\u1ed3m g\u1ed7 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, g\u1ed7 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ed9c, h\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng nhanh. T\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn nay ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 t\u1eeb r\u1eebng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u, m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y r\u1eebng g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e2y nh\u1eadp n\u1ed9i, m\u1ecdc nhanh ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 v\u00e1n nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o,\u2026 c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 c\u00e2y g\u1ed7 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 c\u00e2y b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba c\u00f2n \u00edt, m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u00f4-hom ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng di truy\u1ec1n, c\u00f2n cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn c\u00e2y gi\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng. Do \u0111\u00f3, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng, nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng T\u1ebfch v\u00e0 Xoan ta l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. <\/p>\n

(K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2006-2010)<\/em> <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\nT\u1ebfch là loài cây nh\u1eadp n\u1ed9i có giá tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf cao và \u0111ã \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gây tr\u1ed3ng thành công trên m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 vùng sinh thái chính trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Bên c\u1ea1nh \u0111ó, Xoan ta là loài cây b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba, \u0111a tác d\u1ee5ng, có sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh và có giá tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf cao, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng r\u1ed9ng rãi trên c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Tuy nhiên, do nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n khó kh\u0103n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh mà cây T\u1ebfch và Xoan ta ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chú tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 phát tri\u1ec3n.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[13],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9728"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9728"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9728\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11181,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9728\/revisions\/11181"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9728"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9728"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9728"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}