{"id":9653,"date":"2011-07-01T03:34:30","date_gmt":"2011-06-30T20:34:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/2011\/07\/nghien-cuu-su-dung-hieu-qua-go-duoc-de-san-xuat-do-moc-than-hoat-tinh\/"},"modified":"2013-10-06T09:02:26","modified_gmt":"2013-10-06T02:02:26","slug":"nghien-cuu-su-dung-hieu-qua-go-duoc-de-san-xuat-do-moc-than-hoat-tinh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/nghien-cuu-su-dung-hieu-qua-go-duoc-de-san-xuat-do-moc-than-hoat-tinh\/","title":{"rendered":"Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 g\u1ed7 \u0110\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ed9c, than ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh"},"content":{"rendered":"

L\u00ea Thanh Chi\u1ebfn<\/strong> <\/p>\n

Ph\u00f2ng Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn L\u00e2m s\u1ea3n<\/em> <\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/em> <\/p>\n

T\u00d3M T\u1eaeT<\/strong> <\/p>\n

G\u1ed7 \u0110\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i g\u1ed7 n\u1eb7ng c\u00f3 m\u00f9i th\u01a1m, m\u00e0u n\u00e2u nh\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfnn\u00e2u \u0111\u1ecf, g\u1ed7 c\u00f3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd, m\u1ecbn, \u00edt xo\u1eafn th\u1edb v\u00e0 ch\u00e9o th\u1edb, g\u1ed7 c\u00f3 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m: d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 n\u1ee9t m\u1eb7t khi \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Hi\u1ec7n nay, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng g\u1ed7 \u0110\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, 70% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng khai th\u00e1c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t than nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u, 30% c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. \u0110\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 g\u1ed7 \u0110\u01b0\u1edbc vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng g\u1ed7 \u0110\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ed9c, than ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednhl\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng r\u1eebng ng\u1eadp m\u1eb7n. <\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00fac g\u1ed7 tr\u00f2n: G\u1ed7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1eb3ng, \u0111\u1ed9 th\u00f3t ng\u1ecdn nh\u1ecf, \u00edt b\u1ea1nh v\u00e8 u b\u01b0\u1edbu, nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eaft s\u1ed1ng. G\u1ed7 \u0110\u01b0\u1edbc (Rhizophora apiculaca) <\/em>l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7ug\u1ed7 x\u1ebb ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh D1,3<\/sub><\/sup><\/em>>12cm (t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng 15 n\u0103m tu\u1ed5i), thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i g\u1ed7 n\u1eb7ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch l\u1edbn (890- 920 kg\/m3<\/sup>. \u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc cao h\u01a1n Keo l\u00e1 tr\u00e0m. G\u1ed7 \u0110\u01b0\u1edbc hi\u1ec7n nay khai th\u00e1c l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i g\u1ed7 nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 D1,3<\/sub> <25cm, \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng g\u1ed7 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1ebb su\u1ed1t kh\u00f4ng bao t\u00e2m l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. <\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf n\u1ee9t \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ee9t m\u1eb7t v\u00e1n x\u1ebb trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1ebb v\u00e0 s\u1ea5y c\u1ea7n x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nhi\u1ec7t \u1ea9m: Ng\u00e2m g\u1ed7 tr\u00f2n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u01b0\u1eddng 10-15 ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u1ebb; ng\u00e2m v\u00e1n trong dung d\u1ecbch CAXE -3 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed98% trong 3 ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi s\u1ea5y. V\u00e1n x\u1ebb g\u1ed7 \u0110\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00e0y 20, 30mm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea5y theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1ea5y 2 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a g\u1ed7 45 – 48%, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea5y (40-600<\/sup>C), th\u1eddi gian s\u1ea5y 300h. <\/p>\n

Than ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh t\u1eeb g\u1ed7 \u0110\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i than t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u1ed1t, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1ea1t h\u00f3a h\u1ee3p l\u00fd 9000<\/sup>C, l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc 10m3<\/sup>\/h, th\u1eddi gian ho\u1ea1t h\u00f3a 15h. <\/p>\n

T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a<\/strong>: G\u1ed7 \u0110\u01b0\u1edbc, ho\u1ea1t h\u00f3a than <\/p>\n

I.<\/strong> \u0110\u1eb6T V\u1ea4N \u0110\u1ec0<\/strong> <\/p>\n

C\u00e2y \u0110\u01b0\u1edbc (Rhizophora apiculata<\/em>) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng ch\u00ednh tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t ng\u1eadp tri\u1ec1u, v\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch tr\u00ean 80.000ha chi\u1ebfm 82,6% r\u1eebng ng\u1eadp m\u1eb7n \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam (PGS.TS.Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Qu\u1ebf, 2000). C\u00e2y \u0110\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i: th\u00e2n tr\u00f2n v\u00e0 th\u1eb3ng, \u00edt u b\u01b0\u1edbu b\u1ea1nh v\u00e8, chi\u1ec1u cao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi 35m (Tr\u1ea7n Th\u1ecb H\u1ed3ng Nh\u1eadt, 2004). G\u1ed7 \u0110\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 m\u00f9i th\u01a1m, khi m\u1edbi c\u01b0a x\u1ebb m\u00e0u n\u00e2u nh\u1ea1t, sau \u0111\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n m\u00e0u n\u00e2u \u0111\u1ecf, g\u1ed7 \u0110\u01b0\u1edbc thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i g\u1ed7 n\u1eb7ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch l\u1edbn (840-890kg\/m3<\/sup>), k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd, min, \u00edt xo\u1eafn th\u1edb v\u00e0 ch\u00e9o th\u1edb. Than g\u1ed7 \u0110\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nhi\u1ec7t ph\u00e2n, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao 28.000kj\/kg, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Cacbon chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 70% (L\u00ea \u0110\u0103ng Duy, 2001). S\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ed7 \u0110\u01b0\u1edbc khai th\u00e1c h\u00e0ng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0i tr\u0103m ngh\u00ecn m\u00e9t kh\u1ed1i, ch\u1ec9 t\u00ednh ri\u00eang \u1edf t\u1ec9nh C\u00e0 Mau c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch g\u1ea7n 70.000ha, s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ed7 \u0110\u01b0\u1edbc khai th\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng 100.0003<\/sup>\/n\u0103m (Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n D\u01b0\u1ee1ng, 2009). <\/p>\n

So v\u1edbi g\u1ed7 r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng kh\u00e1c (keo, b\u1ea1ch d\u00e0n, th\u00f4ng), g\u1ed7 \u0110\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 l\u00fd t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn 70% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng khai th\u00e1c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t than nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u, 30% c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. G\u1ed7 \u0110\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ed9c, do v\u00e1n x\u1ebb g\u1ed7 \u0110\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m: d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 n\u1ee9t m\u1eb7t khi \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng thay \u0111\u1ed5i (Ths. B\u00f9i Duy Ng\u1ecdc, 2005). <\/p>\n

Nh\u1eb1m n\u00e2ng cao gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng g\u1ed7 r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng ng\u1eadp m\u1eb7n, thay th\u1ebf d\u1ea7n g\u1ed7 nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u cho c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn g\u1ed7, \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i “Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng g\u1ed7 \u0110\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ed9c, than ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch g\u1ed7” s\u1ebd g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng g\u1ed7 \u0110\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u0103ng thu nh\u1eadp cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng r\u1eebng ng\u1eadp m\u1eb7n. <\/p>\n

(K\u1ef7 y\u1ebfu H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Khoa h\u1ecdc C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1eebng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, trang 412-425)<\/em><\/em> <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\nG\u1ed7 \u0110\u01b0\u1edbc là lo\u1ea1i g\u1ed7 n\u1eb7ng có mùi th\u01a1m, màu nâu nh\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn  <\/span>nâu \u0111\u1ecf, g\u1ed7 có k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd, m\u1ecbn, ít xo\u1eafn th\u1edb và chéo th\u1edb, g\u1ed7 có nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m: d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t \u0111\u1ea7u và n\u1ee9t m\u1eb7t khi \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m môi tr\u01b0\u1eddng thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Hi\u1ec7n nay, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng g\u1ed7 \u0110\u01b0\u1edbc không hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, 70% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng khai thác dùng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t than nhiên li\u1ec7u, 30% còn l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng làm v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u xây d\u1ef1ng. \u0110\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 g\u1ed7 \u0110\u01b0\u1edbc vi\u1ec7c nghiên c\u1ee9u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng g\u1ed7 \u0110\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ed9c, than ho\u1ea1t tính  <\/span>là c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 phát tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng r\u1eebng ng\u1eadp m\u1eb7n. <\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[11],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9653"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9653"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9653\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11106,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9653\/revisions\/11106"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9653"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9653"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9653"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}