{"id":9600,"date":"2011-06-15T03:42:53","date_gmt":"2011-06-14T20:42:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/2011\/06\/kha-nang-sinh-truong-cua-keo-lai-va-bach-dan-uro-tren-dat-thoai-hoa-o-pleiku\/"},"modified":"2013-10-06T09:02:20","modified_gmt":"2013-10-06T02:02:20","slug":"kha-nang-sinh-truong-cua-keo-lai-va-bach-dan-uro-tren-dat-thoai-hoa-o-pleiku","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/kha-nang-sinh-truong-cua-keo-lai-va-bach-dan-uro-tren-dat-thoai-hoa-o-pleiku\/","title":{"rendered":"Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a keo lai v\u00e0 b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n Uro tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t tho\u00e1i h\u00f3a \u1edf Pleiku"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nguy\u1ec5n Huy S\u01a1n<\/strong> <\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/em> <\/p>\n

T\u00d3M T\u1eaeT<\/strong> <\/p>\n

Cao nguy\u00ean Pleiku c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 378.600ha \u0111\u1ea5t bazan, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb tho\u00e1i ho\u00e1 \u1edf c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, do \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00ed h\u1eadu kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 t\u1edbi 6 th\u00e1ng m\u00f9a kh\u00f4, t\u1ea7ng canh t\u00e1c t\u1eeb 0-20cm c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m c\u00e2y h\u00e9o (<25%) v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1edbi 4 th\u00e1ng l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1eeb 0-10 cm n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00fat \u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i(HYmax<\/sub><17%), \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m r\u1ea5t nguy hi\u1ec3m cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. T\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 dung tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t cao v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng l\u00e0 2,68 v\u00e0 1,02, \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1ed1p th\u1ea5p kho\u1ea3ng 61,68%. M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea5t \u1edf t\u1ea7ng canh t\u00e1c kh\u00e1 chua (pH<4,5), h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00f9n, \u0111\u1ea1m v\u00e0 l\u00e2n t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1 cao, nh\u01b0ng h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 ti\u00eau trong \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ee9c trung b\u00ecnh. Do \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t bazan tho\u00e1i ho\u00e1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 Keo lai v\u00e0 B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n uro tr\u1ed3ng th\u00e2m canh sau 6 n\u0103m c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n t\u1eeb 75-80%. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ea5t k\u00e9m, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh trung b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1eeb 9,91-10,59cm, chi\u1ec1u cao trung b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1eeb 11,35-11,72m. H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. Tr\u1eef l\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ed7 c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a r\u1eebng sau 6 n\u0103m ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1eeb 60-64m3<\/sup>\/ha, b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1eeb 10-11m3<\/sup>\/ha\/n\u0103m. <\/p>\n

T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a<\/strong>: Keo lai, B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n uro, \u0111\u1ea5t bazan tho\u00e1i ho\u00e1<\/strong> <\/p>\n

I. \u0110\u1eb6T V\u1ea4N \u0110\u1ec0<\/strong> <\/p>\n

T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean c\u00f3 t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean h\u01a1n 5,6 tri\u1ec7u ha, trong \u0111\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecf bazan c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 1.318.107ha, chi\u1ebfm 23,7%, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00ec t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean cao (Tr\u1ea7n An Phong, 1995). Tuy nhi\u00ean, do qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh khai th\u00e1c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1eebng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, nhi\u1ec1u di\u1ec7n t\u00edch r\u1eebng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb suy tho\u00e1i v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed3i tr\u1ecdc. Ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 do qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n tr\u1edf n\u00ean tho\u00e1i ho\u00e1 \u1edf c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, \u1edf cao nguy\u00ean Pleiku c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 378.600ha (L\u00ea S\u00e1u v\u00e0 Ph\u1ea1m \u0110\u1ee9c L\u00e2n, 1996), v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 cao trung b\u00ecnh t\u1eeb 600-800m so v\u1edbi m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a h\u00e0ng n\u0103m kh\u00e1 l\u1edbn, trung b\u00ecnh t\u1eeb 2100-2400 mm, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o 5-6 th\u00e1ng m\u00f9a m\u01b0a, m\u00f9a kh\u00f4 th\u00ec kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u1eeb 6-7 th\u00e1ng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a l\u1eeda r\u1eebng l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t \u0111i l\u1edbp th\u1ea3m th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt che ph\u1ee7 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t, n\u00ean qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00f3i m\u00f2n v\u00e0 r\u1eeda tr\u00f4i \u0111\u1ea5t x\u1ea3y ra kh\u00e1 m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho \u0111\u1ea5t ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng b\u1ecb tho\u00e1i ho\u00e1 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. <\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng th\u00e2m canh tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t Bazan tho\u00e1i ho\u00e1 \u1edf Pleiku \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho 2 lo\u00e0i: Keo lai (Acacia hybrids<\/em>) v\u00e0 B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n uro (E. urophylla<\/em>), sau 6 n\u0103m tr\u1ed3ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a 2 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh kh\u00e1 r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t bazan tho\u00e1i ho\u00e1. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m c\u01a1 s\u1edf khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u1edf T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 Pleiku n\u00f3i ri\u00eang. <\/p>\n

(K\u1ef7 y\u1ebfu H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Khoa h\u1ecdc C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1eebng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, trang 225-231)<\/em> <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\nCao nguyên Pleiku có kho\u1ea3ng 378.600ha \u0111\u1ea5t bazan, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111ã b\u1ecb thoái hoá \u1edf các m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 khác nhau. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, do \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m khí h\u1eadu kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t có t\u1edbi 6 tháng mùa khô, t\u1ea7ng canh tác t\u1eeb 0-20cm có \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m cây héo (<25%) và có t\u1edbi 4 tháng l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1eeb 0-10 cm n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ed9 hút \u1ea9m không khí c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i  <\/span>(HYmax<\/sub><17%), \u0111ây là \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m r\u1ea5t nguy hi\u1ec3m cho cây tr\u1ed3ng.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[21],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9600"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9600"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9600\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11054,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9600\/revisions\/11054"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9600"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9600"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9600"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}