{"id":9542,"date":"2011-04-06T03:03:11","date_gmt":"2011-04-05T20:03:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/2011\/04\/mot-so-ket-qua-nghien-cuu-ve-di-truyen-trong-lam-nghiep\/"},"modified":"2013-10-06T09:02:14","modified_gmt":"2013-10-06T02:02:14","slug":"mot-so-ket-qua-nghien-cuu-ve-di-truyen-trong-lam-nghiep","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/mot-so-ket-qua-nghien-cuu-ve-di-truyen-trong-lam-nghiep\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 di truy\u1ec1n trong l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Tr\u1ea7n H\u1ed3 Quang, <\/strong><strong>Ng\u00f4 Th\u1ecb Minh Duy\u00ean<\/strong><em>Trung t\u00e2m C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Sinh h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p<\/em><em>Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p vi\u1ec7t nam<\/em><strong><\/strong><strong>I. \u0110\u1eb6T V\u1ea4N \u0110\u1ec0<\/strong>Di truy\u1ec1n ph\u00e2n t\u1eed (molecular genetics) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt trong th\u1eddi gian g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. Trong l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p, di truy\u1ec1n ph\u00e2n t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 b\u1ed9 gen, v\u1ec1 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a gene, v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ecbnh lo\u00e0i v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9\u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 th\u1ec3, qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3.C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt di truy\u1ec1n ph\u00e2n t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 ADN, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 t\u00e1ch d\u00f2ng gen (gene cloning), v\u1ec1 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n gen (gene expression), v\u1ec1 RNA v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 RNA th\u00f4ng tin (messenger RNA), v\u1ec1 enzyme vvC\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 ADN hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 \u0110a h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1eaft gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n (Restriction Fragment Lenth Polymorphism \u2013 RFLP) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o chu\u1ed7i tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p (Polymerase Chain Reaction \u2013 PCR) nh\u01b0: \u0110a h\u00ecnh c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n ADN nh\u00e2n ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean (Random Amplified Polymorphim ADN \u2013 RADP), \u0110a h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc (Amplified Frangment Length Polymorphism \u2013 AFLP), Vi v\u1ec7 tinh (Microsatellite).<strong>II. M\u1ed8t s\u1ed0 K\u1ebeT QU\u1ea2 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee8U V\u1ec0 \u1ee8NG D\u1ee4NG DI TRUY\u1ec0N ph\u00e2n T\u1eec trong L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec6p Vi\u1ec6t nam<\/strong><strong>1. \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac di truy\u1ec1n qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng<\/strong>Trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y r\u1eebng, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 v\u01b0\u1eddn gi\u1ed1ng, r\u1eebng gi\u1ed1ng vv l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a. C\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin nh\u01b0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng di truy\u1ec1n, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n ch\u00e9o, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ecb trong v\u00e0 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n ch\u00e9o, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec5m ph\u1ea5n t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0o vv l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ecdn t\u1ea1o gi\u1ed1ng. <\/p>\n<p> \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n ch\u00e9o c\u1ee7a 6 v\u01b0\u1eddn gi\u1ed1ng\/r\u1eebng gi\u1ed1ng Keo tai t\u01b0\u1ee3ng (<em>Acacia mangium<\/em>) t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng sinh th\u00e1i ch\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng 6 ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb vi v\u1ec7 tinh (microsatellite) cho th\u1ea5y t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n ch\u00e9o c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y con m\u00e0 h\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u01b0\u1eddn gi\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 sau 18 th\u00e1ng tr\u1ed3ng kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m (b\u1ea3ng 1) cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c c\u00e2y con c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb c\u00e1c v\u01b0\u1eddn gi\u1ed1ng\/r\u1eebng gi\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n ch\u00e9o cao th\u00ec c\u00f3 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh h\u01a1n (3.07 m t\u1ea1i \u0110\u00f4ng H\u00e0) so v\u1edbi c\u00e2y con c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb v\u01b0\u1eddn gi\u1ed1ng\/r\u1eebng gi\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n ch\u00e9o th\u1ea5p (11%) t\u1ea1i Ba V\u00ec (2.04 m), m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 hai v\u01b0\u1eddn gi\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng di truy\u1ec1n nh\u01b0 nhau (Harwood<em> et al.<\/em>, 2004). <\/p>\n<p> <em>(K\u1ef7 y\u1ebfu H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Khoa h\u1ecdc C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p khu v\u1ef1c ph\u00eda B\u1eafc trang 123-126)<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt\">Di truy\u1ec1n ph&acirc;n t\u1eed (molecular genetics) l&agrave; m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t&acirc;m v&agrave; \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r&atilde;i trong nghi&ecirc;n c\u1ee9u th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt trong th\u1eddi gian g\u1ea7n \u0111&acirc;y v&agrave; \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. Trong l&acirc;m nghi\u1ec7p, di truy\u1ec1n ph&acirc;n t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nghi&ecirc;n c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 tr&igrave;nh t\u1ef1 b\u1ed9 gen, v\u1ec1 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c&aacute;c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a gene, v\u1ec1 gi&aacute;m \u0111\u1ecbnh lo&agrave;i v&agrave; v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9<span>&nbsp; <\/span>\u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c&aacute; th\u1ec3, qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[13],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9542"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9542"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9542\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10996,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9542\/revisions\/10996"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9542"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9542"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9542"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}