{"id":9536,"date":"2011-04-06T02:44:43","date_gmt":"2011-04-05T19:44:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/2011\/04\/ket-qua-nghien-cuu-khao-nghiem-va-nhan-giong-sinh-duong-cay-macadamia-o-viet-nam\/"},"modified":"2013-10-06T09:02:13","modified_gmt":"2013-10-06T02:02:13","slug":"ket-qua-nghien-cuu-khao-nghiem-va-nhan-giong-sinh-duong-cay-macadamia-o-viet-nam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/ket-qua-nghien-cuu-khao-nghiem-va-nhan-giong-sinh-duong-cay-macadamia-o-viet-nam\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng sinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00e2y Macadamia \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u00ecnh H\u1ea3i<\/strong><\/em> <\/p>\n

Trung t\u00e2m Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y r\u1eebng<\/em> <\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/em> <\/p>\n

I.<\/strong> \u0110\u1eb6T V\u1ea4N \u0110\u1ec0<\/strong> <\/p>\n

M\u1eafc ca l\u00e0 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi chung cho 9 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y thu\u1ed9c chi Macadamia,<\/em> h\u1ecd Ch\u1eb9o thui (Proteaceae)<\/em>. Hai lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u00ad\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i trong 9 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y n\u00e0y l\u00e0 M.integrifolia<\/em> Maiden &Betche v\u00e0 M. tetrraphylla<\/em> L. Johnson \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nguy\u00ean s\u1ea3n \u1edf v\u00f9ng ven bi\u1ec3n ph\u00eda \u0110\u00f4ng – Nam Queensland v\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng- B\u1eafc New South Wales c\u1ee7a Australia. C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0103n \u0111\u00ad\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ec c\u00f3 v\u1ecb \u0111\u1eafng. M\u1eafc ca l\u00e0 c\u00e2y \u0103n qu\u1ea3 th\u00e2n g\u1ed7, thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m qu\u1ea3 h\u1ea1ch, h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 v\u1ecf c\u1ee9ng, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n 30- 50%, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 d\u1ea7u trong nh\u00e2n 71 – 80%. Nh\u00e2n h\u1ea1t M\u1eafc ca \u0111\u00ad\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n b\u00e1nh ng\u1ecdt, nh\u00e2n s\u00f4c\u00f4la, kem, ho\u1eb7c \u0103n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u1edf d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ed9p. Gi\u00e1 1kg nh\u00e2n M\u1eafc ca tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u00ad\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf kho\u1ea3ng 12-15 \u0111\u00f4 la Australia. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u00ad\u01b0\u1ee1ng trong nh\u00e2n h\u1ea1t Macadamia nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t b\u00e9o 78,2%, c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p h\u1ea5t \u0111\u00ad\u01b0\u1eddng 10%, c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1m (protein) 9,2%, Kali 0,37%, Ph\u1ed1t pho 0,17%, Ma nh\u00ea 0,12%, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ea7u b\u00e9o 78,2% trong nh\u00e2n h\u1ea1t M\u1eafc ca cao h\u01a1n h\u1eb3n l\u1ea1c, \u0111i\u1ec1u, do v\u1eady nh\u00e2n h\u1ea1t M\u1eafc ca l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1eaft gi\u00e1 tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u00ad\u1eddng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n nay. <\/p>\n

N\u0103m 1994, c\u00e2y Macadamia integrifolia <\/em>\u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00ad\u01b0\u1ee3c Trung t\u00e2m Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y r\u1eebng thu\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam tr\u1ed3ng th\u1eed t\u1ea1i Ba V\u00ec. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1999 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u cho qu\u1ea3, n\u0103m 2002 c\u00f3 c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 7kg h\u1ea1t. N\u0103m 2002 Trung t\u00e2m Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y r\u1eebng \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadp 9 d\u00f2ng M\u1eafc ca c\u1ee7a Australia v\u00e0 2 d\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng sai qu\u1ea3 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi g\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra trong c\u00e1c n\u0103m 2002, 2003 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0 Con Cu\u00f4ng (Ngh\u1ec7 An), S\u01a1n La, \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean, L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n, v.v. nh\u1eadp gi\u1ed1ng M\u1eafc ca t\u1eeb Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 g\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. <\/p>\n

Tuy v\u1eady, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y cho qu\u1ea3 m\u1edbi m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7. V\u00ec v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadp c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao tr\u1ed3ng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng sinh th\u00e1i \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta nh\u1eb1m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh tr\u00ad\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u00ad\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y n\u00e0y l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y M\u1eafc ca \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. <\/p>\n

(K\u1ef7 y\u1ebfu H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Khoa h\u1ecdc C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p khu v\u1ef1c ph\u00eda B\u1eafc trang 99-107)<\/em> <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\nM\u1eafc ca là tên g\u1ecdi chung cho 9 loài cây thu\u1ed9c chi Macadamia,<\/em> h\u1ecd Ch\u1eb9o thui (Proteaceae)<\/em>. Hai loài cây có giá tr\u1ecb th­\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i trong 9 loài cây này là M.integrifolia<\/em> Maiden &Betche và M. tetrraphylla<\/em> L. Johnson \u0111\u1ec1u có nguyên s\u1ea3n \u1edf vùng ven bi\u1ec3n phía \u0110ông – Nam Queensland và \u0110ông- B\u1eafc New South Wales c\u1ee7a Australia. Các loài khác không th\u1ec3 \u0103n \u0111­\u01b0\u1ee3c vì có v\u1ecb \u0111\u1eafng. M\u1eafc ca là cây \u0103n qu\u1ea3 thân g\u1ed7, thu\u1ed9c nhóm qu\u1ea3 h\u1ea1ch, h\u1ea1t có v\u1ecf c\u1ee9ng, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 nhân 30- 50%, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 d\u1ea7u trong nhân 71 – 80%. Nhân h\u1ea1t M\u1eafc ca \u0111­\u01b0\u1ee3c dùng làm nhân bánh ng\u1ecdt, nhân sôcôla, kem, ho\u1eb7c \u0103n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u1edf d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ed9p. <\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[13],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9536"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9536"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9536\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10990,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9536\/revisions\/10990"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9536"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9536"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9536"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}