{"id":9497,"date":"2011-02-15T02:26:44","date_gmt":"2011-02-14T19:26:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/2011\/02\/ket-qua-nghien-cuu-ung-dung-chi-thi-phan-tu-trong-chon-giong-bach-dan\/"},"modified":"2013-10-06T09:02:08","modified_gmt":"2013-10-06T02:02:08","slug":"ket-qua-nghien-cuu-ung-dung-chi-thi-phan-tu-trong-chon-giong-bach-dan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/ket-qua-nghien-cuu-ung-dung-chi-thi-phan-tu-trong-chon-giong-bach-dan\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb ph\u00e2n t\u1eed trong ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tr\u1ea7n H\u1ed3 Quang, Tr\u1ea7n Thanh Tr\u0103ng<\/strong> <\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/em> <\/p>\n

T\u00d3M T\u1eaeT<\/strong> <\/p>\n

Ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb ph\u00e2n t\u1eed (RFLP, AFLP, RAPD, Microsatellite) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n v\u00e0 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u1ea3 quan tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u00ednh sau (1) x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e2y c\u00e1 th\u1ec3, con lai, (2) \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac di truy\u1ec1n qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng, (3) ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb ph\u00e2n t\u1eed cho c\u00e1c t\u00ednh tr\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf (kh\u00e1ng s\u00e2u, b\u1ec7nh, kh\u00e1ng h\u1ea1n, kh\u00e1ng l\u1ea1nh v..v..). Trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh con lai, v\u1edbi 6 ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb microsatellite ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 22% con lai b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 giao ph\u1ea5n ch\u00e9o c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n Eucalyptus urophylla<\/em> c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb AFLP v\u00e0 RAPD. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n E. urophylla<\/em> c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n ch\u00e9o kh\u00e1 cao (90%). B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfp l\u1eadp b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 di truy\u1ec1n li\u00ean k\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb RAPD, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gen kh\u00e1ng b\u1ec7nh r\u1ec9 s\u1eaft (Puccinia psidii<\/em>) c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n E. grandis<\/em>. C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb ph\u00e2n t\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng s\u1ebd g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y r\u1eebng. <\/p>\n

T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a<\/strong>: B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n, ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng, ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb ph\u00e2n t\u1eed, kh\u00e1ng b\u1ec7nh <\/p>\n

I. GI\u1edaI THI\u1ec6U<\/strong> <\/p>\n

Chi B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n (Eucalyptus<\/em>) g\u1ed3m 700 lo\u00e0i thu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd Myrtaceae<\/em> (Brooker, 2000<\/a>) l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y m\u1ecdc nhanh c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb \u00dac v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc Papua New Guinea, Timor, Sulawesi, Nam Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Vi\u1ec7t Nam, L\u00e0o, Philippines tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ea1ng l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba kh\u00e1c nhau. <\/p>\n

B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n c\u00f3 22 nhi\u1ec5m s\u1eafc th\u1ec3 (2n = 22) (Potts v\u00e0 Wiltshire, 1997<\/a>) v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 gen c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb 370 \u2013 700 tri\u1ec7u c\u1eb7p baz\u01a1 (Million base pairs \u2013 Mbp) v\u1edbi k\u00edch c\u1ee1 trung b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 650 Mbp (Grattapaglia v\u00e0 Bradshaw, 1994<\/a>). <\/p>\n

B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m g\u1ed7 cho ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1ea5y, v\u00e1n d\u0103m v\u00e0 cho nh\u1eefng nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi keo – lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y m\u1ecdc nhanh kh\u00e1c – t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nh\u00f3m lo\u00e0i quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t g\u1ed7, gi\u1ea5y, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ed3 gia d\u1ee5ng (L\u00ea \u0110\u00ecnh Kh\u1ea3v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2003<\/a>). T\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u0103m 2008 l\u00e0 586,000ha (Iglesias-Trabado v\u00e0 Wilstermann, 2008<\/a>).Ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb ph\u00e2n t\u1eed ADN (CTPT) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1970s b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt lai Southern (Sourthern hybridazations) nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism – \u0110a h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1eaft gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n). Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p chu\u1ed7i (Polymerase Chain Reaction – PCR) nh\u01b0: \u0111a h\u00ecnh c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n khuy\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA \u2013RAPD) Welsh v\u00e0 McClelland, 1990<\/a>; Williams v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 1990<\/a>), \u0111a h\u00ecnh chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism – AFLP) (Vos v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 1995<\/a>) v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb vi v\u1ec7 tinh hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n (simple sequence repeats (SSRs) (Weber v\u00e0 May 1989<\/a>). <\/p>\n

T\u1eeb khi ra \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn nay, ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb ph\u00e2n t\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 c\u00e2y r\u1eebng n\u00f3i ri\u00eang v\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n gi\u00fap cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng nhanh h\u01a1n, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n. <\/p>\n

(K\u1ef7 y\u1ebfu H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Khoa h\u1ecdc C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1eebng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, trang 31-37)<\/em> <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\nCh\u1ec9 th\u1ecb phân t\u1eed (RFLP, AFLP, RAPD, Microsatellite) \u0111ã \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng b\u1ea1ch \u0111àn và thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u1ea3 quan trên m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u01b0\u1edbng chính sau (1) xác \u0111\u1ecbnh cây cá th\u1ec3, con lai, (2) \u0111ánh giá c\u1ea5u trúc di truy\u1ec1n qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng, (3) ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng d\u1ef1a trên ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb phân t\u1eed cho các tính tr\u1ea1ng có giá tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf (kháng sâu, b\u1ec7nh, kháng h\u1ea1n, kháng l\u1ea1nh v..v..). Trong vi\u1ec7c xác \u0111\u1ecbnh con lai, v\u1edbi 6 ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb microsatellite ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111ã xác \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 22% con lai b\u1ea1ch \u0111àn là không ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a chúng.  <\/span> <\/span>  <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[13],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9497"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9497"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9497\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10951,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9497\/revisions\/10951"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9497"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9497"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9497"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}