{"id":9071,"date":"2009-04-20T08:29:21","date_gmt":"2009-04-20T01:29:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/2009\/04\/su-dung-ky-thuat-phan-tu-de-xac-dinh-nam\/"},"modified":"2013-10-06T09:01:16","modified_gmt":"2013-10-06T02:01:16","slug":"su-dung-ky-thuat-phan-tu-de-xac-dinh-nam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/su-dung-ky-thuat-phan-tu-de-xac-dinh-nam\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u00e2n t\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1ea5m"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Tr\u1ea7n Thanh Tr\u0103ng<\/strong> <\/p>\n

<\/strong>Ph\u00f2ng Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 Th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt r\u1eebng<\/em> <\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t <\/em>Nam<\/em> <\/p>\n

T\u00d3M T\u1eaeT<\/strong> <\/p>\n

ADN cung c\u1ea5p r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i n\u1ea5m m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i n\u1ea5m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i h\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 trong chu k\u1ef3 s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ADN r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau, hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p PCR r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn b\u1edfi t\u00ednh nh\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nhanh v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o r\u1ea5t \u00edt. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, sinh th\u00e1i r\u1eebng, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1, bao g\u1ed3m s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eabu v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lo\u00e0i c\u1ea7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ADN \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ngu\u1ed3n m\u1eabu ti\u00eau b\u1ea3n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i nh\u1eb1m kh\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ADN. <\/p>\n

T\u1eeb kho\u00e1:<\/strong> K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ADN, PCR, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 chu\u1ed7i ADN <\/p>\n

GI\u1edaI THI\u1ec6U<\/strong> <\/p>\n

K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u00e2n t\u1eed (k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ADN) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1ea5m. C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 th\u1eadt n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1ea5m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n sinh ra th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3, hay b\u00e0o t\u1eed, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 lo\u00e0i b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i h\u1ecdc. Trong khi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i n\u1ea5m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n sinh ra c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i kh\u00e1c l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed khi \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ed3i nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n sinh ra c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. Nhu c\u1ea7u x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh nhanh nh\u01b0 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m d\u1ecbch t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u1eeda c\u1ea3ng, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p an to\u00e0n sinh h\u1ecdc, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ADN. <\/p>\n

C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y<\/a><\/strong> <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n \n<\/p>\n

\nADN cung c\u1ea5p r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u các \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ec3 xác \u0111\u1ecbnh các loài n\u1ea5m mà nhi\u1ec1u loài n\u1ea5m không có \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 các \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 hình thái h\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ec9 có các \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m có th\u1ec3 phân bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh nào \u0111ó trong chu k\u1ef3 s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a chúng. Các ph\u01b0\u01a1ng pháp s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ADN r\u1ea5t khác nhau, hi\u1ec7n nay các k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt d\u1ef1a vào s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng pháp PCR r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn b\u1edfi tính nh\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a nó, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng xác \u0111\u1ecbnh nhanh và ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u vào r\u1ea5t ít. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng pháp ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111ã \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c áp d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t cách r\u1ed9ng rãi trong các l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c khác nhau nh\u01b0 xác \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, sinh thái r\u1eebng, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt và b\u1ec7nh th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mô t\u1ea3. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng pháp xác \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 áp d\u1ee5ng cho các tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c vào nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1, bao g\u1ed3m s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eabu và s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng loài c\u1ea7n xác \u0111\u1ecbnh. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 các k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ADN \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c vào ngu\u1ed3n m\u1eabu tiêu b\u1ea3n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng mô t\u1ea3 chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t hình thái nh\u1eb1m kh\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 chính xác và tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ADN. <\/font><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[18],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9071"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9071"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9071\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10525,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9071\/revisions\/10525"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9071"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9071"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9071"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}