{"id":8987,"date":"2009-04-20T08:12:50","date_gmt":"2009-04-20T01:12:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/2009\/04\/buoc-dau-xac-dinh-nguyen-nhan-gay-chet-thong-ma-vi-pinus-massoniasa-lambert-o-vuon-quoc-gia-tam-dao\/"},"modified":"2019-09-24T10:30:08","modified_gmt":"2019-09-24T03:30:08","slug":"buoc-dau-xac-dinh-nguyen-nhan-gay-chet-thong-ma-vi-pinus-massoniasa-lambert-o-vuon-quoc-gia-tam-dao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/buoc-dau-xac-dinh-nguyen-nhan-gay-chet-thong-ma-vi-pinus-massoniasa-lambert-o-vuon-quoc-gia-tam-dao\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ch\u1ebft Th\u00f4ng m\u00e3 v\u0129 (Pinus massoniasa Lambert) \u1edf V\u01b0\u1eddn qu\u1ed1c gia Tam \u0110\u1ea3o"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ph\u1ea1m Quang Thu, \u0110\u00e0o Ng\u1ecdc Quang<\/strong><\/p>\n

L\u00ea V\u0103n B\u00ecnh, Nguy\u1ec5n Quang D\u0169ng<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ph\u00f2ng Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 Th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt r\u1eebng<\/em><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t <\/em>Nam<\/em><\/p>\n

T\u00d3M T\u1eaeT<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng h\u00e9o v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft th\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 khu v\u1ef1c thu\u1ed9c V\u01b0\u1eddn Qu\u1ed1c gia Tam \u0110\u1ea3o t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 2006, t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c ti\u1ec3u khu 95, 96, 98, 99 v\u00e0 100B. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ch\u1ebft Th\u00f4ng m\u00e3 v\u0129 l\u00e0 do s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1 h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng c\u00e1nh c\u1ee9ng (Dendroctonus<\/em> sp., Ips calligraphus<\/em> Germar, Ips sp. and Pissodes<\/em> sp.). M\u1ecdt \u0103n m\u00f4 d\u1eabn nh\u1ef1a (phloem) c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y, n\u01a1i ch\u00fang t\u1ea1o n\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m u\u1ed1n kh\u00fac ngo\u1eb1n ngo\u00e8o. C\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o b\u1edfi c\u1ea3 s\u00e2u non v\u00e0 s\u00e2u tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh l\u00e0m v\u1ecf c\u00e2y b\u1ecb ti\u1ec7n v\u00f2ng quanh d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn nh\u1ef1a luy\u1ec7n nu\u00f4i c\u00e2y, c\u00e2y b\u1ecb h\u00e9o d\u1ea7n r\u1ed3i ch\u1ebft. Khi m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 M\u1ecdt th\u1ea5p, ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y gi\u00e0 y\u1ebfu, b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng, ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt, tuy nhi\u00ean, khi m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 M\u1ecdt cao ch\u00fang s\u1ebd t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y kh\u1ecfe tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng. Vi\u1ec7c t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng ch\u1ec9 trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, khi M\u1ecdt t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang truy\u1ec1n n\u1ea5m xanh (Ophiostoma<\/em> sp.) cho c\u00e2y, lo\u00e0i n\u1ea5m xanh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ch\u1ebft c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng. N\u1ea5m n\u1ea9y m\u1ea7m v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh trong th\u00e2n c\u00e2y, b\u1ecbt to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 m\u1ea1nh d\u1eabn n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u00e1n c\u00e2y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e9o do thi\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng c\u00e1nh c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 n\u1ea5m xanh s\u1ebd l\u00e0m cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebft Th\u00f4ng m\u00e3 v\u0129 di\u1ec5n ra nhanh h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb kho\u00e1:<\/strong> Th\u00f4ng m\u00e3 v\u0129, M\u1ecdt s\u00e1u gai, V\u00f2i voi, N\u1ea5m xanh<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb6T V\u1ea4N \u0110\u1ec0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng l\u00e0 c\u00e2y c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf cao bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i th\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh nh\u01b0 Th\u00f4ng m\u00e3 v\u0129 Pinus massoniana<\/em> Lambert, Th\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a Pinus merkusii<\/em> Jungh et.de Vries, Th\u00f4ng 3 l\u00e1 Pinus kesya Royle ex Gordon… Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Th\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 g\u1ed7, nh\u1ef1a, nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u gi\u1ea5y, c\u00e2y Th\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee7 xanh \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1ed3i n\u00fai tr\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o c\u1ea3nh quan m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng… ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch r\u1eebng Th\u00f4ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ngh\u00e0nh L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\nTri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng héo và ch\u1ebft thông \u0111ã \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phát hi\u1ec7n \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 khu v\u1ef1c thu\u1ed9c V\u01b0\u1eddn Qu\u1ed1c gia Tam \u0110\u1ea3o t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 2006, t\u1ea1i các ti\u1ec3u khu 95, 96, 98, 99 và 100B. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u xác \u0111\u1ecbnh nguyên nhân gây ch\u1ebft Thông mã v\u0129 là do s\u1ef1 phá h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a các côn trùng cánh c\u1ee9ng (Dendroctonus<\/em> sp., Ips calligraphus<\/em> Germar, Ips sp. and Pissodes<\/em> sp.). M\u1ecdt \u0103n mô d\u1eabn nh\u1ef1a (phloem) c\u1ee7a cây, n\u01a1i chúng t\u1ea1o nên các \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m u\u1ed1n khúc ngo\u1eb1n ngoèo. Các \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o b\u1edfi c\u1ea3 sâu non và sâu tr\u01b0\u1edfng thành làm v\u1ecf cây b\u1ecb ti\u1ec7n vòng quanh d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn nh\u1ef1a luy\u1ec7n nuôi cây, cây b\u1ecb héo d\u1ea7n r\u1ed3i ch\u1ebft. Khi m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 M\u1ecdt th\u1ea5p, chúng ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea5n công nh\u1eefng cây già y\u1ebfu, b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng, ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt, tuy nhiên, khi m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 M\u1ecdt cao chúng s\u1ebd t\u1ea5n công c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng cây kh\u1ecfe trên di\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng. Vi\u1ec7c t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn \u0111ã gây ra s\u1ef1 phá ho\u1ea1i nghiêm tr\u1ecdng ch\u1ec9 trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, khi M\u1ecdt t\u1ea5n công chúng truy\u1ec1n n\u1ea5m xanh (Ophiostoma<\/em> sp.) cho cây, loài n\u1ea5m xanh này \u0111óng m\u1ed9t vai trò quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c làm ch\u1ebft cây thông. N\u1ea5m n\u1ea9y m\u1ea7m và phát tri\u1ec3n nhanh trong thân cây, b\u1ecbt toàn b\u1ed9 m\u1ea1nh d\u1eabn n\u01b0\u1edbc, tán cây b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u héo do thi\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc. S\u1ef1 phá ho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p côn trùng cánh c\u1ee9ng và n\u1ea5m xanh s\u1ebd làm cho quá trình ch\u1ebft Thông mã v\u0129 di\u1ec5n ra nhanh h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[18],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8987"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8987"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8987\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19051,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8987\/revisions\/19051"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8987"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8987"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8987"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}