Ph\u1ea1m Quang Thu<\/b> <\/p>\n
Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/i> <\/p>\n
<\/b> <\/p>\n
T\u00f3m t\u1eaft <\/p>\n
Vi\u1ec7c g\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng phi lao ven bi\u1ec3n tr\u00ean c\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee5n c\u00e1t di \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n do c\u00e1t di \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00ean c\u00e2y b\u1ecb v\u00f9i l\u1ea5p, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1n, c\u00e2y thi\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00ean c\u00e1c ng\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y b\u1ecb kh\u00f4 h\u00e9o, v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng x\u1ea1 khu\u1ea9n Frankia<\/i> \u0111\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec5m cho c\u00e2y ch\u1ee7 Phi lao, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ed9ng sinh c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea1m gi\u00fap c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ed1t tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t ngh\u00e8o dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng. Th\u00f4ng qua th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi b\u00ecnh Leonard v\u00e0 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u1edf v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 3 ch\u1ee7ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c c\u1ed9ng sinh c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea1m cao l\u00e0 FrHN1, FrNA1 v\u00e0 FrQB5. C\u00e2y con \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec5m ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m Frankia<\/i> trong v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c t\u0103ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 chi\u1ec1u cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh c\u1ed5 r\u1ec5 h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec5m. Khi tr\u1ed3ng phi lao ven bi\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e2y con \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec5m ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m Frankia<\/i> ho\u1eb7c b\u00f3n Frankia<\/i> cho c\u00e2y khi tr\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 0,1kg\/c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ch\u1ebft khi tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng v\u00e0 t\u0103ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c b\u00f3n ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m cho c\u00e2y con \u1edf v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m. <\/p>\n
T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: <\/b>Ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m Frankia, tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng phi lao <\/p>\n
M\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u<\/b> <\/p>\n
Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t v\u00e0 c\u1ed3n c\u00e1t ven bi\u1ec3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u01b0\u1edbc kho\u1ea3ng 370.000ha (Nguy\u1ec5n Huy C\u01b0\u1eddng, 2006) t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c d\u1ea3i c\u00e1t ch\u1ea1y d\u1ecdc theo b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n, ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1edf c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh mi\u1ec1n Trung. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng sinh th\u00e1i kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n trong v\u00f9ng. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n sinh th\u00e1i, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng cho v\u00f9ng sinh th\u00e1i n\u00e0y c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m qua \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o tr\u1ed3ng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n, sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba ngh\u00e8o ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u00e2y Phi lao (Casuarina equisetifolia<\/i> L.). <\/p>\n
T\u1ea1i Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh, r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng phi lao do d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ARCD t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3, sau 3 n\u0103m tu\u1ed5i r\u1eebng phi lao t\u1eeb h\u1ea1t ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1t 0,8 \u0111\u1ebfn 1,0m chi\u1ec1u cao, v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1ng 80\u201390% nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 tr\u00ean 80% s\u1ed1 c\u00e2y b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft ng\u1ecdn. C\u00e2y c\u00f3 c\u00e0nh l\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecf v\u00e0ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1ea5t ch\u1eadm, kh\u00f4ng m\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh c\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u00e2n ch\u00ednh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1edf d\u1ea1ng c\u00e2y b\u1ee5i th\u1ea5p, c\u00e0nh l\u00e1 m\u1ecdc l\u00f2a x\u00f2a. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi phi lao hom d\u00f2ng 601 v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng 701 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1\u00e1n ARCD tr\u1ed3ng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m 13ha n\u0103m 1999, chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y con khi xu\u1ea5t v\u01b0\u1eddn l\u00e0 1m th\u00ec sau 2 n\u0103m (\u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2001) chi\u1ec1u cao c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 1m v\u00ec b\u1ecb c\u00e1t v\u00f9i \u0111i 40cm (\u0110\u1eb7ng V\u0103n Thuy\u1ebft, 2001). <\/p>\n
Frankia<\/i> thu\u1ed9c x\u1ea1 khu\u1ea9n (Actinomyces) c\u1ed9ng sinh v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00e2y h\u1ecd \u0110\u1eadu \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 h\u1ecd Phi lao Casuarinaceae<\/i>, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u1ed1t s\u1ea7n \u1edf r\u1ec5 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt. C\u00e1c n\u1ed1t s\u1ea7n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea1m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, gi\u00fap c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t tr\u00ean c\u00e1c l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba ngh\u00e8o ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 tr\u00ean v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t ven bi\u1ec3n (H.G. Diem, 1996). <\/p>\n
Vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n vi sinh c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea1m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m trong tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng nh\u1eb1m n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e2y r\u1eebng, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng m\u1edbi tr\u00ean c\u00e1c l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba ngh\u00e8o ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m Frankia<\/i> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng phi lao tr\u00ean 3 lo\u1ea1i l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00ednh: \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t \u1ea9m, \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t kh\u00f4, ngh\u00e8o ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng \u1edf nh\u1eefng lu\u00e2n k\u1ef3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t kh\u00f4 di \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 b\u00e1n di \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 c\u1ecf r\u01b0\u1eddi. <\/p>\n<\/h2>\n
\u0110\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m<\/h2>\n
M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh 1<\/b> <\/p>\n
M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh r\u1eebng phi lao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng t\u1ea1i x\u00e3 Ph\u00fac Th\u1ecd, (Nghi L\u1ed9c, Ngh\u1ec7 An), \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t ven bi\u1ec3n, \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00f4, ngh\u00e8o ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ed3ng phi lao v\u00e0 b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n nhi\u1ec1u chu k\u1ef3 tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 26 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 1999 v\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch 1,0ha. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed v\u1edbi 4 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, 4 l\u1ea7n l\u1eb7p; m\u1eadt \u0111\u00f4 tr\u1ed3ng 2500c\u00e2y\/ha. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m nh\u01b0 sau: <\/p>\n
-C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c 1: \u0110\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng, kh\u00f4ng b\u00f3n ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m Frankia <\/i>(nh\u01b0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ) <\/p>\n
– C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c 2: Tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e2y con \u0111\u00e3 nhi\u1ec5m ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m Frankia<\/i> <\/p>\n
– C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c 3: B\u00f3n ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m Frankia<\/i> cho c\u00e2y con khi tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng, 0,1kg ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m cho 1 c\u00e2y. <\/p>\n
– C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c 4: B\u00f3n ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p Frankia<\/i> v\u00e0 vi sinh v\u1eadt ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i l\u00e2n. <\/p>\n
M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh 2<\/b> <\/p>\n
M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh r\u1eebng phi lao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng t\u1ea1i x\u00e3 Di\u1ec5n Trung, (Di\u1ec5n Ch\u00e2u, Ngh\u1ec7 An), \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t ven bi\u1ec3n, c\u00e1ch m\u00e9p n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n 30\u201350m, c\u00e1t r\u1ea5t \u1ea9m, ch\u01b0a qua canh t\u00e1c; m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 30 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 1999 v\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch 1,0ha v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed v\u1edbi 4 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, 4 l\u1ea7n l\u1eb7p; m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng 2500c\u00e2y\/ha. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m nh\u01b0 sau: <\/p>\n
– C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c 1: \u0110\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng, kh\u00f4ng b\u00f3n ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m Frankia <\/i>(nh\u01b0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t) <\/p>\n
– C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c 2: Tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e2y con \u0111\u00e3 nhi\u1ec5m ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m Frankia<\/i> <\/p>\n
– C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c 3: B\u00f3n ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m Frankia<\/i> cho c\u00e2y con khi tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng, 0,1kg ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m cho 1 c\u00e2y. <\/p>\n
– C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c 4: B\u00f3n ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p Frankia<\/i> v\u00e0 vi sinh v\u1eadt ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i l\u00e2n. <\/p>\n
M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh 3<\/b> <\/p>\n
M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh r\u1eebng phi lao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng T\u1ea1i x\u00e3 Gia Ninh, (Qu\u1ea3ng Ninh, Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh), l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t b\u00e1n di \u0111\u1ed9ng, kh\u00f4 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u1ecf r\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ecdc, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i c\u1ecf ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb cho \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t kh\u00f4 v\u00e0 ngh\u00e8o ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng; x\u00e2y d\u1ee5ng 5,0ha m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ng\u00e0y 17 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 2000. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u1edbi 3 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi 4 l\u1ea7n l\u1eb7p; m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng 2500c\u00e2y\/ha. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m nh\u01b0 sau: <\/p>\n
– C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c 1: \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec5m ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m <\/p>\n
– C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c 2: nhi\u1ec5m ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m \u1edf v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m <\/p>\n
– C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c 3: nhi\u1ec5m ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m khi tr\u1ed3ng0,1kg ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m cho 1 c\u00e2y<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Vi\u1ec7c g\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng phi lao ven bi\u1ec3n tr\u00ean c\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee5n c\u00e1t di \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n do c\u00e1t di \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00ean c\u00e2y b\u1ecb v\u00f9i l\u1ea5p, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1n, c\u00e2y thi\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00ean c\u00e1c ng\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y b\u1ecb kh\u00f4 h\u00e9o, v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng x\u1ea1 khu\u1ea9n Frankia \u0111\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec5m cho c\u00e2y ch\u1ee7 Phi lao, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ed9ng sinh c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea1m gi\u00fap c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ed1t tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t ngh\u00e8o dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng. Th\u00f4ng qua th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi b\u00ecnh Leonard v\u00e0 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u1edf v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 3 ch\u1ee7ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c c\u1ed9ng sinh c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea1m cao l\u00e0 FrHN1, FrNA1 v\u00e0 FrQB5. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[18],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8917"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8917"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8917\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10373,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8917\/revisions\/10373"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8917"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8917"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8917"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}