<\/p>\n
TS. Pham Quang Thu<\/p>\n
Ph\u00f2ng Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 r\u1eebng<\/p>\n
Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/p>\n
1. M\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u:<\/b><\/p>\n
Hi\u1ec7n nay \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng sinh th\u00e1i, c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau cung c\u1ea5p nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u cho c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng t\u1eadp trung l\u1edbn. Nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1ed3ng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n trong c\u00e1c v\u01b0\u1eddn h\u1ed9, d\u1ecdc theo c\u00e1c b\u1edd k\u00eanh v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau cung c\u1ea5p g\u1ed7 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a trung b\u00ecnh h\u00e0ng n\u0103m cao tr\u00ean 2000 mm, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 2 \u0111\u1ebfn 3 th\u00e1ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c trong m\u00f9a m\u01b0a c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n th\u00e1ng tr\u00ean 350 mm th\u00ec r\u1eebng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i ho\u1eb7c xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 m\u1eabn c\u1ea3m th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh ch\u00e1y l\u00e1, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a r\u1eebng (Ph\u1ea1m Quang Thu, 1999; Ken Old, 1999, 2000). \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc thu\u1ed9c vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam, h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u00d4xtr\u00e2ylia t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1995 \u0111\u1ebfn nay \u0111\u00e3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u00e1t sinh, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 kh\u00e1ng b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf cao (Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng Ngh\u0129a, 2000).<\/p>\n
Hi\u1ec7n nay, t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n non v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m c\u00e2y b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n b\u1ecb m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i ong l\u1ea1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i kh\u00e1 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 lo\u00e0i ong n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m ng\u0103n ch\u0103n s\u1ef1 l\u00e2y lan khi ch\u00fang c\u00f2n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n h\u1eb9p \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay tr\u00ean ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
2. Nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 lo\u00e0i ong l\u1ea1 tr\u00ean th\u00e9 gi\u1edbi.<\/b><\/p>\n
Hi\u1ec7n nay t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc Trung \u0110\u00f4ng, c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc thu\u1ed9c \u0110\u1ecba Trung H\u1ea3i v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u Phi \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 5 lo\u00e0i ong g\u00e2y u b\u01b0\u1edbu cho b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n l\u00e0: Quadrastichodella nova<\/i> Girault; Epichrysocharis burwelli<\/i> Schauff; Ophelimus eucalypti<\/i> (Gahan); Aprostocetus<\/i> sp.(Beardsley & Perreira 2000) v\u00e0 Nambouria xanthops<\/i> Berry & Withers. Theo c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u00d4xtr\u00e2ylia v\u00e0 Israel n\u0103m 2004 cho r\u1eb1ng lo\u00e0i ong g\u00e2y b\u01b0\u1edbu g\u00e2n l\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u00e0nh non c\u00e2y b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n \u0111ang g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t di\u1ec7n t\u00edch r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn \u1edf c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ean l\u00e0 Leptocybe invasa<\/i> Fisher & La Salle. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean thu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd Eulophidae<\/i><\/b>, b\u1ed9 c\u00e1nh m\u00e0ng Hymenoptera<\/b>. Theo th\u00f4ng tin t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Kenya, lo\u00e0i ong n\u00e0y g\u00e2y b\u01b0\u1edbu g\u00e2n l\u00e1, c\u00e0nh non b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf Kenya v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 2002. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc cho r\u1eb1ng lo\u00e0i ong n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb mi\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Uganda. T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn nay \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 35.000 ha b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 15.000 ha r\u1eebng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c qu\u1ed1c doanh b\u1ecb lo\u00e0i ong n\u00e0y g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i; d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1i c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng lan nhanh sang c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng kh\u00e1c, g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i kh\u00e1 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n
Theo k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Zvi Mendel v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2004, c\u00e1c m\u1eabu ong thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u1ed9c lo\u00e0i Leptocybe invasa<\/i> Fisher & La Salle ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 con c\u00e1i, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc trung b\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i l\u00e0 2.1 mm, th\u1eddi gian cho m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi trung b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 132.6 ng\u00e0y \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng, \u1edf Israel c\u00f3 2 ho\u1eb7c 3 th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 g\u1ed1i nhau trong m\u1ed9t n\u0103m. Th\u1eddi gian s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a con tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nu\u00f4i b\u1eb1ng m\u1eadt v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc trung b\u00ecnh 6.5 ng\u00e0y. Lo\u00e0i ong n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebb tr\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean l\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u00e0nh non, tr\u1ee9ng n\u1edf th\u00e0nh s\u00e2u non, s\u00e2u non x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e2y ch\u1ee7 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbu nh\u1ecf \u1edf g\u00e2n l\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u00e0nh non, trung b\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t l\u00e1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00ean 50 b\u01b0\u1edbu. C\u00f3 10 lo\u00e0i b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1eabm c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi lo\u00e0i ong n\u00e0y: Eucalyptus botryoides<\/i>, E. bridgesiana<\/i>, E. camaldulensis<\/i>, E. globulus<\/i>, E. gunii<\/i>, E. grandis<\/i>, E. robusta<\/i>, E. saligna<\/i>, E. tereticornis<\/i> v\u00e0 E. viminalis<\/i> (Zvi Mendel, 2004).<\/p>\n
3. T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh d\u1ecbch ong g\u00e2y b\u01b0\u1edbu l\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u00e0nh b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/b><\/p>\n
T\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 2004 c\u00e1c v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m c\u00e2y b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n tr\u1eafng Eucalyptus camaldulensis<\/i>, Eucalyptus tereticornis<\/i>, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u00f2ng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai v\u00e0 \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n non d\u01b0\u1edbi 2 tu\u1ed5i thu\u1ed9c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh \u0110\u00f4ng Nam b\u1ed9 b\u1ecb m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i ong \u0111\u1ebb tr\u1ee9ng k\u00fd sinh \u1edf g\u00e2n l\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00e0nh non t\u1ea1o n\u00ean c\u00e1c u b\u01b0\u1edbu l\u00e0m l\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u00e0nh non ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ecb d\u1ea1ng, g\u00e2y kh\u00f4 l\u00e1, ch\u1ebft c\u00e0nh v\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e2y b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft; g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i kh\u00e1 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng (xem \u1ea3nh 1). Tuy d\u1ecbch m\u1edbi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng lan r\u1ed9ng t\u1edbi c\u00e1c r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n kh\u00e1c. Qua c\u00e1c m\u1eabu ong tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t tr\u00f9ng kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a Zvi Mendel, Alexey Protasov, Nicole Fisher v\u00e0 John La Salle n\u0103m 2004 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi lo\u00e0i Leptocybe invasa<\/i> Fisher & La Salle (xem \u1ea3nh 2).<\/p>\n
Qua \u0111i\u1ec1u tra kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t, thu m\u1eabu t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c khu kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m h\u1eadu th\u1ebf c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n tr\u1eafng E. camaldulensis<\/i> v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai t\u1ea1i l\u00e2m tr\u01b0\u1eddng Minh \u0110\u1ee9c t\u1ec9nh B\u00ecnh Ph\u01b0\u1edbc cho th\u1ea5y m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 ong tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c khu r\u1eebng b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh l\u00e0 kh\u00e1 cao. V\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf, chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 trung b\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 2.1 mm nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eabu v\u00ec ong tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1eadu v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1ed5 s\u00e1ch khi \u0111ang ghi ch\u00e9p \u1edf hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng. M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p lai, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u00f2ng r\u1ea5t m\u1eabn c\u1ea3m b\u1ecb ong k\u00fd sinh g\u00e2y u b\u01b0\u1edbu to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u00e0nh non d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e2y ch\u1ebft h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m c\u00e2y b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n t\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3ng Nai c\u0169ng b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i kh\u00e1 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, ong k\u00fd sinh l\u00e0m l\u00e1 v\u00e0 th\u00e2n b\u1ecb u b\u01b0\u1edbu, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ecb d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Qua nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 m\u1eabu ong tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c m\u1eabu thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1i r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng 2 tu\u1ed5i t\u1ea1i B\u00ecnh Ph\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n
4. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb<\/b><\/p>\n
Lo\u00e0i ong g\u00e2y b\u01b0\u1edbu g\u00e2n l\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u00e0nh non c\u00e2y b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng l\u1ea1 m\u1edbi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 2004. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng m\u1edbi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i m\u1ea1nh cho b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n \u1edf v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m v\u00e0 b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n v\u00e0 r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng tu\u1ed5i non; c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng lan nhanh v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n
C\u1ea7n c\u00f3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c t\u00ean lo\u00e0i ong, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m sinh h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u00e1t sinh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u00e2y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi lo\u00e0i ong n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n
Kh\u00f4ng di chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng mang c\u00e2y con \u1edf v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u01b0\u1edbu \u1edf g\u00e2n l\u00e1 \u0111i tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng v\u00e0 di chuy\u1ec3n ra kh\u1ecfi v\u00f9ng \u0111ang b\u1ecb d\u1ecbch.<\/p>\n
B\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec1u tra cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 m\u1eabn c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ong g\u00e2y b\u01b0\u1edbu g\u00e2n l\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u00e0nh non c\u00e2y b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 lo\u00e0i, xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng v\u00ec v\u00e2y c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u00f2ng c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu cao cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
1. M\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u:
\n\tHi\u1ec7n nay \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng sinh th\u00e1i, c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau cung c\u1ea5p nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u cho c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng t\u1eadp trung l\u1edbn. Nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1ed3ng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n trong c\u00e1c v\u01b0\u1eddn h\u1ed9, d\u1ecdc theo c\u00e1c b\u1edd k\u00eanh v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau cung c\u1ea5p g\u1ed7 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a trung b\u00ecnh h\u00e0ng n\u0103m cao tr\u00ean 2000 mm, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 2 \u0111\u1ebfn 3 th\u00e1ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c trong m\u00f9a m\u01b0a c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n th\u00e1ng tr\u00ean 350 mm th\u00ec r\u1eebng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i ho\u1eb7c xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 m\u1eabn c\u1ea3m th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh ch\u00e1y l\u00e1, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a r\u1eebng (Ph\u1ea1m Quang Thu, 1999; Ken Old, 1999, 2000). \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc thu\u1ed9c vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam, h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u00d4xtr\u00e2ylia t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1995 \u0111\u1ebfn nay \u0111\u00e3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u00e1t sinh, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 kh\u00e1ng b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf cao (Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng Ngh\u0129a, 2000).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[21],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8760"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8760"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8760\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19203,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8760\/revisions\/19203"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8760"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8760"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8760"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}