{"id":8759,"date":"2005-08-14T23:37:17","date_gmt":"2005-08-14T16:37:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/2005\/08\/benh-dom-tim-la-bach-dan-o-vuon-uom-va-rung-trong-do-nam-phaeophleospora-epicocoides-cooke-massee-crous-f-a-ferreira-b-sutton\/"},"modified":"2019-09-24T15:51:26","modified_gmt":"2019-09-24T08:51:26","slug":"benh-dom-tim-la-bach-dan-o-vuon-uom-va-rung-trong-do-nam-phaeophleospora-epicocoides-cooke-massee-crous-f-a-ferreira-b-sutton","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/benh-dom-tim-la-bach-dan-o-vuon-uom-va-rung-trong-do-nam-phaeophleospora-epicocoides-cooke-massee-crous-f-a-ferreira-b-sutton\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed1m t\u00edm l\u00e1 B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n \u1edf v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m v\u00e0 r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng do n\u1ea5m Phaeophleospora epicocoides (Cooke & Massee) Crous, F.A. Ferreira & B. Sutton"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/h1>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea1m Quang Thu<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

1. M\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u:<\/b><\/p>\n

Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi lo\u00e0i n\u1ea5m Cylindrocladium quinqueseptatum<\/i> g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh ch\u00e1y l\u00e1, kh\u00f4 c\u00e0nh v\u00e0 n\u1ea5m Cryptosporiopsis eucalypti<\/i> g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed1m l\u00e1, kh\u00f4 c\u00e0nh, ng\u1ecdn c\u00e2y B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u trong c\u00e1c b\u00e0i b\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n khi \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u00e2y con \u1edf v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m v\u00e0 g\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta c\u00f2n b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed1m t\u00edm l\u00e1. V\u1edbi c\u00e1ch g\u1ecdi t\u00ean b\u1ec7nh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb m\u00e0u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1m b\u1ec7nh. Xung quanh c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00f4 l\u00e1 ch\u01b0a b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 c\u00e1c vi\u1ec1n m\u00e0u t\u00edm \u0111\u1ecf. B\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho c\u1ea3 c\u00e2y con \u1edf v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u00fap nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 sinh v\u1eadt g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y t\u1eadp trung tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y v\u00e0 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng, \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb nh\u1eb1m qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2. N\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/b><\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u tra, thu th\u1eadp m\u1eabu b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u1edf c\u00e1c khu r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n tr\u00ean ph\u1ea1m vi to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c. Th\u1eddi gian \u0111i\u1ec1u tra b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i m\u00f9a m\u01b0a, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 9, th\u00e1ng 10 v\u00e0 th\u00e1ng 11 trong c\u00e1c n\u0103m t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1999 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2004. Thu m\u1eabu, m\u00f4 t\u1ea3, x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a Ken Old v\u00e0 P.Q. Thu, 1999.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp n\u1ea5m t\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh ho\u1eb7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y \u0111\u01a1n b\u00e0o t\u1eed c\u1ee7a Ken Old, 1999; nu\u00f4i c\u00e2y n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh b\u1eb1ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng PDA.<\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean kho\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecbnh lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a Crous, P.W., Ferreira, F.A. v\u00e0 Sutton B. 1997.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

3. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/b><\/p>\n

Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh: <\/b>Nh\u1eefng l\u00e1 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1m b\u1ec7nh m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng nh\u1ea1t; xung quanh \u0111\u1ed1m b\u1ec7nh n\u01a1i ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a l\u00e1 ch\u01b0a b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 h\u01a1i v\u00e0ng r\u1ed3i chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ea7n sang m\u00e0u t\u00edm \u0111\u1ecf. Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, phi\u1ebfn l\u00e1 b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng, tr\u1edf n\u00ean cong queo v\u00e0 nh\u1ecf l\u1ea1i (xem \u1ea3nh 1). B\u00e0o t\u1eed n\u1ea5m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh tr\u00ean th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ecf m\u00e0u \u0111en \u1edf gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ed1m b\u1ec7nh. N\u1ea5m ch\u1ec9 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u00e0o t\u1eed \u1edf m\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a l\u00e1 c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ee3i t\u00f3c. Khi tr\u1eddi \u1ea9m, b\u00e0o t\u1eed v\u00f4 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phun ra t\u1eeb th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1m b\u1ed9t \u01b0\u1edbt m\u00e0u \u0111en. N\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e2m nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u00e1 gi\u00e0 \u1edf t\u1ea7ng d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a t\u00e1n l\u00e1, l\u00e0m c\u00e1c l\u00e1 gi\u00e0 b\u1ecb r\u1ee5ng s\u1edbm trong m\u00f9a sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh:<\/b><\/p>\n

Th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh n\u1eb1m trong m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a l\u00e1,c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u00f4 l\u00ean tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00e1. B\u00e0o t\u1eed v\u00f4 t\u00ednh c\u00f3 2 \u2014 3 v\u00e1ch ng\u0103n ngang (xem \u1ea3nh 2); k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a b\u00e0o t\u1eed: chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng trung b\u00ecnh: 4.0 \u00e0m, chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i: 53.3 \u00e0m. Sau tr\u1eddi m\u01b0a ho\u1eb7c trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft \u1ea9m k\u00e9o d\u00e0i m\u1eb7t sau c\u1ee7a l\u00e1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh kh\u1ed1i b\u00e0o t\u1eed v\u00f4 t\u00ednh m\u00e0u \u0111en. Quan s\u00e1t b\u00e0o t\u1eed v\u00f4 t\u00ednh n\u00e0y tr\u00ean k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi quang h\u1ecdc b\u00e0o t\u1eed c\u00f3 m\u00e0u n\u00e2u nh\u1ea1t. B\u00e0o t\u1eed d\u00e0i, th\u1eb3ng ho\u1eb7c h\u01a1i cong \u1edf ph\u00eda g\u1ed1c, thon g\u1ea7n nh\u1ecdn \u1edf m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i trong chi n\u1ea5m Phaeophleospora.<\/i> Trong chi n\u1ea5m n\u00e0y c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i n\u1eefa m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed1m \u0111en v\u00e0 r\u1ee5ng l\u00e1 c\u00e2y b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n. B\u00e0o t\u1eed c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i n\u1ea5m g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed1m \u0111en d\u00e0i v\u00e0 cong h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef C; trong khi \u0111\u00f3 b\u00e0o t\u1eed v\u00f4 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed1m t\u00edm l\u1ea1i th\u1eb3ng ho\u1eb7c h\u01a1i cong \u1edf ph\u00eda g\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n

H\u1ec7 s\u1ee3i n\u1ea5m nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y tr\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng PDA sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ea5t ch\u1eadm, khu\u1ea9n l\u1ea1c g\u1ed3 gh\u1ec1, sau 20 ng\u00e0y nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh c\u1ee7a khu\u1ea9n l\u1ea1c m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 2,0 cm. Sau 20-25 ng\u00e0y, kh\u1ed1i b\u00e0o t\u1eed v\u00f4 t\u00ednh m\u00e0u \u0111en c\u0169ng h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t khu\u1ea9n l\u1ea1c.<\/p>\n

Sinh v\u1eadt g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh: <\/b>N\u1ea5m g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 Phaeophleosporaepicoccoides<\/i> J. Walker, B. Sutton. Lo\u00e0i n\u1ea5m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u00f4 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i thu\u1ed9c chi Mycosphaerella<\/i>.<\/p>\n

T\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y: Kirramyces epicocoides<\/b><\/i>J. Walker, B. Sutton, n\u0103m 1997, Ferreira, F.A. v\u00e0 Sutton B. \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh t\u00ean Phaeophleosporaepicoccoides<\/i> J. Walker, B. Sutton.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1:<\/b> Lo\u00e0i n\u1ea5m n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c tr\u1ed3ng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

B\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch h\u1ecdc: <\/b>B\u1ec7nh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00f9a m\u01b0a, n\u1ea5m x\u00e2m nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u00e1 \u1edf t\u1ea7ng d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a t\u00e1n c\u00e2y. B\u00e0o t\u1eed n\u1ea5m qua \u0111\u00f4ng tr\u00ean x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh, m\u00f9a m\u01b0a n\u0103m sau nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0o c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng qua n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u01b0a.<\/p>\n

<\/h3>\n

\u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh: <\/b>Ch\u00fang x\u00e2m nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0o ph\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a t\u00e1n l\u00e1 n\u01a1i b\u1ecb che b\u00f3ng, nh\u00ecn chung \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn t\u1edbi sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i, m\u01b0a nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao b\u1ec7nh c\u0169ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh v\u00e0 x\u00e2m nhi\u1ec5m g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u00e1 c\u1ee7a t\u1ea7ng d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0 g\u00e2y n\u00ean hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ee5ng l\u00e1 s\u1edbm. Trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y b\u1ec7nh c\u0169ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. B\u1ec7nh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n, b\u1ec7nh x\u00e2m nhi\u1ec5m c\u1ea3 l\u00e1 b\u00e1nh t\u1ebb v\u00e0 l\u00e1 gi\u00e0, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y con.<\/p>\n

Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh: <\/b><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e2y con \u1edf v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1ed1t d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh n\u00ean tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc sau: V\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m n\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf n\u01a1i tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc, tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m. H\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu t\u1eeb c\u00e2y m\u1eb9 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ef1\u01a1c ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n \u0111\u00fang k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ea9m m\u1ed1c v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n b\u1ec7nh. C\u1ea7n x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi gieo \u01b0\u01a1m: ng\u00e2m h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea5m 500<\/sup>C, d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t sau \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng: captan 0.5%, thiram 0.5%, thu\u1ed1c 0.5% trong th\u1eddi gian 15 ph\u00fat ho\u1eb7c DM-45 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 1% trong th\u1eddi gian 30 ph\u00fat. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng tia t\u1eed ngo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng 260 nm v\u1edbi 6 gi\u1edd \/ng\u00e0y. C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t b\u00e0o t\u1eed n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh b\u00e1m tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng. D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi nh\u1eb9, t\u01a1i x\u1ed1p, kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng ch\u01b0a hoai. \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3ng b\u1ea7u c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t ngu\u1ed3n b\u1ec7nh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t x\u00f4ng h\u01a1i methyl bromide hay chloropicrin tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u00f3ng b\u00e0u. Kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c b\u1ea7u c\u0169 c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft do b\u1ec7nh. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e2y con c\u1edbm n\u1eafng, th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean l\u00e0m c\u1ecf, x\u00e1o v\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t b\u1ea7u cho \u0111\u1ea5t t\u01a1i x\u1ed1p. C\u00e1c c\u00e2y con b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ea3i kh\u1ea9n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0a ra kh\u1ecfi v\u01b0\u1eddm \u01b0\u01a1m v\u00e0 ti\u00eau hu\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh l\u00e2y lan. C\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 di r\u1eddi c\u00e2y con b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh khi \u0111\u01b0a tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng b\u1eb1ng ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t. Trong hai th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng phung ph\u00f2ng 1 l\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 ph\u1ed5 r\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 carbendazim 0,1% li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 0,3 lit\/m2<\/sup>. Ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u1edbi ph\u1ea3i s\u1ea1ch, kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ao h\u1ed3 g\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh. Ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, kh\u00f4ng b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1m qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c v\u00ec x\u1ebd l\u00e0m t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh cho c\u00e2y. C\u00e2y con kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7t qu\u00e1 d\u00e0y, c\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o s\u1ef1 th\u00f4ng tho\u00e1ng, gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng c\u00e2y v\u00ec b\u00e0o t\u1eed n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh ch\u1ec9 n\u1ea9y m\u1ea7m trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng khi c\u00e2y b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p sau:<\/p>\n

– Ch\u1eb7t to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e0nh l\u00e1 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00f9a m\u01b0a, mang ra kh\u1ecfi r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 ti\u00eau hu\u1ef7.<\/p>\n

– Phun thu\u1ed1c ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh l\u00e2y lan: thu\u1ed1c ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0: score 0.1%, daconil 0.1%, carbendazim 1%.<\/p>\n

– Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1i \u01b0u hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn lo\u00e0i, xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9, gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ng b\u1ec7nh. C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n uro E. urophylla<\/i> v\u00e0 B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n pellita E. pellita<\/i> c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 b\u1ecb v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n tr\u1eafng camal E. camaldulensis<\/i>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1. M\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u:
\nKh\u00e1c v\u1edbi lo\u00e0i n\u1ea5m Cylindrocladium quinqueseptatum g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh ch\u00e1y l\u00e1, kh\u00f4 c\u00e0nh v\u00e0 n\u1ea5m Cryptosporiopsis eucalypti g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed1m l\u00e1, kh\u00f4 c\u00e0nh, ng\u1ecdn c\u00e2y B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u trong c\u00e1c b\u00e0i b\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n khi \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u00e2y con \u1edf v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m v\u00e0 g\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta c\u00f2n b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed1m t\u00edm l\u00e1. V\u1edbi c\u00e1ch g\u1ecdi t\u00ean b\u1ec7nh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb m\u00e0u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1m b\u1ec7nh. Xung quanh c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00f4 l\u00e1 ch\u01b0a b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 c\u00e1c vi\u1ec1n m\u00e0u t\u00edm \u0111\u1ecf. B\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho c\u1ea3 c\u00e2y con \u1edf v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u00fap nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 sinh v\u1eadt g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y t\u1eadp trung tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y v\u00e0 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng, \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb nh\u1eb1m qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[21],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8759"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8759"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8759\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19204,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8759\/revisions\/19204"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8759"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8759"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8759"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}