<\/p>\n
Ph\u1ea1m Quang Thu<\/p>\n
Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
1. M\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u<\/b><\/p>\n
Tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 1996 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 3 lo\u00e0i n\u1ea5m thu\u1ed9c chi Phaeophleospora <\/i>l\u00e0 m\u1ea7m b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i l\u00e1 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n l\u00e0 P. epicocoides, P. lilianiae <\/i>v\u00e0 P. eucalypti<\/i>. Theo Walker v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 1992 c\u00f3 26 lo\u00e0i B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n b\u1ecb lo\u00e0i n\u1ea5m Phaeophleospora epicocoides <\/i>g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i. Ba n\u0103m sau, n\u0103m 1995 Sankaran v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 35 lo\u00e0i B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n b\u1ecb lo\u00e0i n\u1ea5m n\u00e0y g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3 lo\u00e0i n\u1ea5m kh\u00e1c Phaeophleospora eucalypti <\/i>g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho 60 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y ch\u1ee7 kh\u00e1c nhau trong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n (Sanharan, 1995). \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u1ea5m P. lilianae<\/i> cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh cho 1 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y ch\u1ee7 duy nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Corymbia eximia<\/i> (theo Walker v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 1992). Hai lo\u00e0i n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh P. lilianiae <\/i>v\u00e0 P. eucalypti<\/i> ch\u01b0a ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng Nam Ch\u00e2u \u00e1 (Ken Old, 2003). Lo\u00e0i P. epicocoides<\/i> ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh cho c\u00e1c l\u00e1 gi\u00e0 \u1edf t\u1ea7ng d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a t\u00e1n l\u00e1 v\u00e0 \u00edt g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n
N\u0103m 1996, m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i n\u1ea5m kh\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c chi Phaeophleospora<\/i> g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i l\u00e1 kh\u00e1 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng cho B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n Eucalyptus grandis<\/i>, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 Phaeophleospora destructans, <\/i>l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf Sumatra, In\u0111\u00f4n\u00eaxia. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i n\u1ea5m b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y, g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh cho c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba (Ken Old, 2003). Sau 4 n\u0103m, n\u0103m 2000, lo\u00e0i n\u1ea5m n\u00e0y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf mi\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1i Lan v\u00e0 g\u00e2y n\u00ean d\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ed1m \u0111en r\u1ed3i r\u1ee5ng h\u1ebft l\u00e1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u00f2ng B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n tr\u1eafng E. Camaldulensis<\/i> (Ken Old, M. Wingf., Pongpanich, 2003).Lo\u00e0i n\u1ea5m g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 2002, g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh cho r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n uro Eucalyptus urophylla<\/i> v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f9ng trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Lo\u00e0i n\u1ea5m n\u00e0y g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i l\u00e1 B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n v\u1edbi tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng r\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u00e1 b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e1 b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t d\u1ea7n m\u00e0u xanh, l\u00e1 b\u1ecb loang l\u1ed5, c\u00e1c v\u1ebft n\u00e0y c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. Sau tr\u1eddi m\u01b0a ho\u1eb7c th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft \u1ea9m k\u00e9o d\u00e0i, t\u1eeb c\u00e1c v\u1ebft b\u1ec7nh \u1edf m\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a l\u00e1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n b\u1ed9t b\u00e0o t\u1eed v\u00f4 t\u00ednh m\u00e0u \u0111en. T\u1eeb tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ecdi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed1m \u0111en. C\u00e1c l\u00e1 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh nhanh ch\u00f3ng kh\u00f4 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u00e1 r\u1ed3i r\u1ee5ng. C\u00e2y b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec5m m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u00fap nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 sinh v\u1eadt g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y t\u1eadp trung tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y v\u00e0 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng, \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb nh\u1eb1m qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n
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2. N\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/b><\/p>\n
\u0110i\u1ec1u tra thu m\u1eabu: \u0111i\u1ec1u tra, thu th\u1eadp m\u1eabu b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh tr\u00ean c\u00e1c khu r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n tr\u00ean ph\u1ea1m vi to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c. Th\u1eddi gian \u0111i\u1ec1u tra b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i m\u00f9a m\u01b0a, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 9, th\u00e1ng 10 v\u00e0 th\u00e1ng 11 trong c\u00e1c n\u0103m t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2002 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2005. Thu m\u1eabu, m\u00f4 t\u1ea3, x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a Ken Old v\u00e0 P.Q. Thu, 1999.<\/p>\n
Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean kho\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecbnh lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a Crous, P.W., Ferreira, F.A. v\u00e0 Sutton B. 1997.<\/p>\n
Ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp n\u1ea5m: ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp n\u1ea5m t\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh ho\u1eb7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nu\u00f4i c\u00e2y \u0111\u01a1n b\u00e0o t\u1eed c\u1ee7a Ken Old, 1999; nu\u00f4i c\u00e2y n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh b\u1eb1ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng PDA.<\/p>\n
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3. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/b><\/p>\n
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Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng b\u1ec7nh<\/b><\/p>\n
Nh\u1eefng l\u00e1 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1m b\u1ec7nh m\u00e0u xanh nh\u1ea1t, l\u00e1 b\u1ecb loang l\u1ed5. B\u00e0o t\u1eed v\u00f4 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh tr\u00ean th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ecf m\u00e0u \u0111en \u1edf gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ed1m b\u1ec7nh. N\u1ea5m ch\u1ec9 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u00e0o t\u1eed \u1edf m\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a l\u00e1 c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ee3i t\u00f3c. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed1m t\u00edm l\u00e1 b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n, do \u0111\u00e1m b\u00e0o t\u1eed v\u00f4 t\u00ednh m\u00e0u \u0111en th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1m b\u1ec7nh n\u00ean l\u00e1 b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1m m\u00e0u \u0111en (xem \u1ea3nh 1). L\u00e1 b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh nhanh ch\u00f3ng b\u1ecb kh\u00f4 v\u00e0 r\u1ee5ng. N\u1ea5m x\u00e2m nhi\u1ec5m \u1edf c\u1ea3 l\u00e1 non v\u00e0 l\u00e1 gi\u00e0 v\u00ec v\u1eady khi r\u1eebng b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh n\u1eb7ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb r\u1ee5ng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u00e1. Sau khi c\u00e2y b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh b\u1ecb r\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n hay to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 t\u00e1n l\u00e1, c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u00e1i x\u00e2m nhi\u1ec5m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i n\u1ea5m g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh lo\u00e9t c\u00e0nh v\u00e0 th\u00e2n c\u00e2y, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft.<\/p>\n
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\u1ea3nh 1: L\u00e1 b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh:<\/b><\/p>\n
Th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nhn\u1eb1m s\u00e2u trong l\u1edbp m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a l\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u00f4 l\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00e1 v\u00e0 sinh ra r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0o t\u1eed v\u00f4 t\u00ednh m\u00e0u \u0111en tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a l\u00e1. Quan s\u00e1t b\u00e0o t\u1eed v\u00f4 t\u00ednh tr\u00ean k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1i 400 l\u1ea7n, b\u00e0o t\u1eed v\u00f4 t\u00ednh c\u00f3 m\u00e0u n\u00e2u \u0111\u1eadm, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a b\u00e0o t\u1eed: chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng trung b\u00ecnh: 2.5\u00e0m, chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i: 50-65 \u00e0m, thon \u0111\u1ea7u, b\u00e0o t\u1eed cong h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef C, c\u00f3 2 \u2013 3 v\u00e1ch ng\u0103n (\u1ea3nh 2). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i trong chi n\u1ea5m Phaeophleospora.<\/i> B\u00e0o t\u1eed c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i n\u1ea5m g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed1m \u0111en d\u00e0i v\u00e0 cong h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef C; trong khi \u0111\u00f3 b\u00e0o t\u1eed v\u00f4 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed1m t\u00edm l\u1ea1i th\u1eb3ng ho\u1eb7c h\u01a1i cong \u1edf ph\u00eda g\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n
H\u1ec7 s\u1ee3i n\u1ea5m nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y tr\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng PDA sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ea5t ch\u1eadm, khu\u1ea9n l\u1ea1c g\u1ed3 gh\u1ec1, sau 20 ng\u00e0y nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh c\u1ee7a khu\u1ea9n l\u1ea1c m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 1,5 cm. Sau 20-25 ng\u00e0y, kh\u1ed1i b\u00e0o t\u1eed v\u00f4 t\u00ednh m\u00e0u \u0111en c\u0169ng h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t khu\u1ea9n l\u1ea1c.<\/p>\n
\u1ea3nh 2: <\/b>b\u00e0o t\u1eed v\u00f4 t\u00ednh n\u1ea5m g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh<\/p>\n
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Sinh v\u1eadt g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh: <\/b>C\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a b\u00e0o t\u1eed v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a khu\u1ea9n l\u1ea1c trong nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y thu\u1ea7n khi\u1ebft. D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o kho\u00e1 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Crous, P.W., Ferreira, F.A. v\u00e0 Sutton B. 1997, n\u1ea5m g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i: Phaeophleospora destructans<\/i> (M.J. Wingf. & Crous) Crous, F.A. Ferreira & B. Sutton.<\/p>\n
C\u00e2y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1:<\/b> Lo\u00e0i n\u1ea5m n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c tr\u1ed3ng B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n
B\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch h\u1ecdc: <\/b>B\u1ec7nh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00f9a m\u01b0a, n\u1ea5m x\u00e2m nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u00e1 c\u1ee7a t\u00e1n c\u00e2y, sau th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn l\u00e1 b\u1ecb kh\u00f4 v\u00e0 r\u1ee5ng. B\u00e0o t\u1eed n\u1ea5m qua \u0111\u00f4ng tr\u00ean x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh, m\u00f9a m\u01b0a n\u0103m sau nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0o c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng qua n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u01b0a.<\/p>\n
\u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh: <\/b>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed1m l\u00e1 kh\u00e1c, sinh v\u1eadt g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh ch\u1ec9 x\u00e2m nhi\u1ec5m c\u00e1c l\u00e1 gi\u00e0 \u1edf t\u1ea7ng t\u00e1n ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi, b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed1m \u0111en xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ea3 \u1edf l\u00e1 gi\u00e0 v\u00e0 l\u00e1 non, t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u00e1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u1eb7ng c\u00e2y b\u1ecb tr\u1ee5i l\u00e1 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y. Theo k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra c\u1ee7a Ken Old v\u00e0 Pongpanich, 2003 \u1edf Th\u00e1i Lan v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00e1 kh\u00e1c cho th\u1ea5y khi r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed1m \u0111en, l\u00e1 b\u1ecb ch\u00e1y r\u1ed3i r\u1ee5ng, sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i n\u1ea5m g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh lo\u00e9t th\u00e2n c\u00e0nh, \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 Lasiodiplodia theobromae<\/i> x\u00e2m nhi\u1ec5m l\u00e0m kh\u00f4 c\u00e0nh, ng\u1ecdn c\u00e2y v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ch\u1ebft c\u00e2y . B\u1ec7nh g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n: E. camadulensis<\/i>, E. urophylla<\/i> v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u00f2ng B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai. C\u00e1c d\u00f2ng B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n m\u1eabm c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh l\u00e0: xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 Petford c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n tr\u1eafng E. camaldulensis<\/i>, PN2 v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng U6. Khi c\u00e2y b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh Phaeophleospora destructans<\/i> c\u00e2y c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n ng\u1eebng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, t\u00e1n l\u00e1 th\u01b0a v\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c n\u0103m sau l\u00e1 th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ecf l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n
Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh: <\/b>B\u1ec7nh th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean m\u1ecdi c\u1ea5p tu\u1ed5i. Khi b\u1ec7nh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p sau:<\/p>\n
– Ch\u1eb7t to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e0nh l\u00e1 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00f9a m\u01b0a, mang ra kh\u1ecfi r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 ti\u00eau hu\u1ef7.<\/p>\n
– Phun thu\u1ed1c ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh l\u00e2y lan: thu\u1ed1c ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0: zineb 1%, daconil 0.1%, carbendazim 1%.<\/p>\n
– B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n E. brassiana<\/i>, E. pellita<\/i>, E. saligna<\/i>, E. microcorys<\/i>, E. exserta<\/i> \u1edf c\u00e1c xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 Oro Bay, Sirinumu c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n tr\u1eafng E. tereticornis<\/i> c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
1. M\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u<\/p>\n
Tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 1996 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 3 lo\u00e0i n\u1ea5m thu\u1ed9c chi Phaeophleospora l\u00e0 m\u1ea7m b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i l\u00e1 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n l\u00e0 P. epicocoides, P. lilianiae v\u00e0 P. eucalypti. Theo Walker v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 1992 c\u00f3 26 lo\u00e0i B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n b\u1ecb lo\u00e0i n\u1ea5m Phaeophleospora epicocoides g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i. Ba n\u0103m sau, n\u0103m 1995 Sankaran v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 35 lo\u00e0i B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n b\u1ecb lo\u00e0i n\u1ea5m n\u00e0y g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3 lo\u00e0i n\u1ea5m kh\u00e1c Phaeophleospora eucalypti g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho 60 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y ch\u1ee7 kh\u00e1c nhau trong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n (Sanharan, 1995). \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u1ea5m P. lilianae cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh cho 1 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y ch\u1ee7 duy nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Corymbia eximia (theo Walker v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 1992). Hai lo\u00e0i n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh P. lilianiae v\u00e0 P. eucalypti ch\u01b0a ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng Nam Ch\u00e2u \u00e1 (Ken Old, 2003). Lo\u00e0i P. epicocoides ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh cho c\u00e1c l\u00e1 gi\u00e0 \u1edf t\u1ea7ng d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a t\u00e1n l\u00e1 v\u00e0 \u00edt g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[21],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8754"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8754"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8754\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19208,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8754\/revisions\/19208"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8754"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8754"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8754"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}