{"id":8658,"date":"2009-03-24T02:48:15","date_gmt":"2009-03-23T19:48:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/2009\/03\/gioi-thieu-so-bo-viec-thu-hai-va-su-dung-cac-lam-san-ngoai-go-trong-khu-bao-ton-thien-nhien-cua-van-nam-trung-quoc\/"},"modified":"2019-09-25T10:02:56","modified_gmt":"2019-09-25T03:02:56","slug":"gioi-thieu-so-bo-viec-thu-hai-va-su-dung-cac-lam-san-ngoai-go-trong-khu-bao-ton-thien-nhien-cua-van-nam-trung-quoc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/gioi-thieu-so-bo-viec-thu-hai-va-su-dung-cac-lam-san-ngoai-go-trong-khu-bao-ton-thien-nhien-cua-van-nam-trung-quoc\/","title":{"rendered":"Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 vi\u1ec7c thu h\u00e1i v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c L\u00e2m s\u1ea3n ngo\u00e0i g\u1ed7 trong khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a V\u00e2n Nam, Trung Qu\u1ed1c"},"content":{"rendered":"

1. <\/strong>Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/strong><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u00fd ki\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n ngo\u00e0i g\u1ed7 (LSNG) tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. T\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea5p chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean v\u1ec1 LSNG \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u1edf Bangkok v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 1991, FAO \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a sau: LSNG t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb r\u1eebng ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ean b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0o v\u1edbi ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 (tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean g\u1ed7, c\u1ee7i, than, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e1, n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 du l\u1ecbch). LSNG \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh:<\/p>\n

(1) S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1ea1ng s\u1ee3i: tre n\u1ee9a, song m\u00e2y, s\u1ee3i t\u1eeb th\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c v\u1ecf c\u00e2y, l\u00f4ng m\u1ecbn;<\/p>\n

(2) S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c:<\/p>\n

\u00b7 S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1eeb th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt: nh\u01b0 r\u1ec5, th\u00e2n, l\u00e1, hoa, m\u0103ng, qu\u1ea3, h\u1ea1t, h\u1ea1t d\u1ea7u, gia v\u1ecb v\u00e0 n\u1ea5m;<\/p>\n

\u00b7 S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt: nh\u01b0 m\u1eadt ong, c\u00e1, c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i chim \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, tr\u1ee9ng, c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng…;<\/p>\n

(3) Thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 m\u1ef9 ph\u1ea9m;<\/p>\n

(4) S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m chi\u1ebft su\u1ea5t t\u1eeb c\u00e2y nh\u01b0: nh\u1ef1a, c\u00f4l\u00f4phan, tanin, ch\u1ea5t nhu\u1ed9m, d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t b\u00e9o, n\u01b0\u1edbc hoa. v.v…<\/p>\n

(5) \u0110\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a n\u00f3: tr\u1ee9ng, \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, chim, c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng, v\u00e0 da s\u1ed1ng, b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n, r\u0103ng, x\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 l\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, ch\u00fang ta coi LSNG nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean sinh v\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m do ch\u00fang t\u1ea1o ra m\u00e0 c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i r\u1eebng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, tr\u1eeb g\u1ed7. Ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ebfn ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c th\u00ec \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y s\u1ebd kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 LSNG, th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf n\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a tr\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u00f3i chung, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n chia th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1eeb r\u1eebng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf, c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t t\u1eeb r\u1eebng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m sinh h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 \u00edch kh\u00e1c. V\u00ec \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 r\u1ed9ng, r\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i, c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u00ean \u1edf m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i n\u01a1i n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ee5 t\u1eeb r\u1eebng”.<\/p>\n

2. <\/strong>Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1eafn t\u1eaft v\u1ec1 khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean \u1edf V\u00e2n Nam<\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u00e2n Namc\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 110 khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean r\u1eebng, \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt hoang d\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t \u01b0\u1edbt. Trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 8 khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u1edf c\u1ea5p qu\u1ed1c gia, 44 \u1edf c\u1ea5p t\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 58 \u1edf c\u1ea5p qu\u1eadn\/h\u1ea1t. T\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng ch\u00fang c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch 2.189 tri\u1ec7u ha. Do v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd v\u00e0 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf V\u00e2n Nam, nh\u1eefng khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho 90% c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u r\u1eebng t\u1eeb v\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi ph\u00eda b\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng l\u1ea1nh. Nh\u1eefng khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean n\u00e0y c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i r\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 gi\u00e0u nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 r\u1ea5t phong ph\u00fa v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean LSNG. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n nghi\u00eam t\u00fac xem x\u00e9t xem l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang trong c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n

D\u1ef1 \u00e1n B\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n r\u1eebng v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng (FCCDP) bao g\u1ed3m 4 qu\u1eadn, 10 h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 6 khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean (2 khu \u1edf c\u1ea5p qu\u1ed1c gia, c\u00e1c khu kh\u00e1c \u1edf c\u1ea5p t\u1ec9nh) v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u00e0 320,000 ha. 6 khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 r\u1eebng \u1edf V\u00e2n Nam. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n chia theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 \u01b0u ti\u00ean trong k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u1ec9nh. Nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean LSNG qu\u00fd c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf trong c\u00e1c khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c LSNG \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu h\u00e1i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean l\u00e0:<\/p>\n

M\u0103ng, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i n\u1ea5m kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111\u1ecba y, d\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3o, m\u1eadt ong, nh\u1ef1a, c\u00f4l\u00f4phan, c\u00e1nh ki\u1ebfn, cao su, l\u00e1 th\u00f4ng, th\u1ee9c \u0103n gia s\u00fac: do con ng\u01b0\u1eddi thu l\u01b0\u1ee3m v\u1ec1 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: c\u1ecf cho l\u1ee3n), th\u1ee9c \u0103n gia s\u00fac: do gia s\u00fac \u0103n t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 (c\u1ecf), rau ho\u1eb7c hoa qu\u1ea3, h\u1ea1t, ong, nh\u1ed9ng, phong lan, c\u1ee7 \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, s\u0103n b\u1eafn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, c\u00e1 …<\/p>\n

3. <\/strong>Nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/strong><\/p>\n

Thu h\u00e1i c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m LSNG l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n thu nh\u1eadp ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n trong khi ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea1i khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 thu h\u00e1i c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y g\u1ed7 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n mong mu\u1ed1n tr\u1edf n\u00ean gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 c\u00e0ng nhanh c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t. Nh\u1eefng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m LSNG v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf th\u00ec thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00e1c nhau. N\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh l\u00e0:<\/p>\n

1. Quy ch\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean \u1edf V\u00e2n Nam ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5: “c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng khai th\u00e1c g\u1ed7, s\u0103n b\u1eafn, tr\u1ed3ng c\u1ea5y v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt hoang d\u00e3 v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt (…) b\u1ecb nghi\u00eam c\u1ea5m trong khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n” (m\u1ee5c 10), v\u00e0 “v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean ch\u01b0a b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 hu\u1ef7, v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn, s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean, th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n trong khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 tr\u1ed3ng c\u1ea5y v\u00e0 ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i” (m\u1ee5c 16).<\/p>\n

M\u1ee5c 4 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft thi h\u00e0nh Lu\u1eadt l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ec9nh V\u00e2n Nam n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: “Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p c\u1ea7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p, v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh quy\u1ec1n, ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\/ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1eebng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. \u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p, c\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u1edf hai m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u00f9ng n\u00fai c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng n\u00fai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi h\u1ed9 d\u00e2n. V\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd chung theo c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau th\u00ec s\u1ef1 chi\u1ebfm h\u1eefu c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eebng\/n\u00fai, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch chung l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu. N\u00ean t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed3ng, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c r\u1eebng theo m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ph\u00e2n chia \u0111\u00fang l\u1ee3i \u00edch t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c b\u00e1n g\u1ed7. Vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd “n\u00fai \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh danh” ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00fd h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng theo c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh. C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1eebng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5. Ph\u1ea3i nghi\u00eam t\u00fac tu\u00e2n theo quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 trong h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng. Nh\u1eefng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n, v\u00e0 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c thu h\u00e1i v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean r\u1eebng.<\/p>\n

2. Trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1eebng kinh t\u1ebf, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 trong k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch gi\u1ea3m ngh\u00e8o. M\u1ed7i h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tr\u1ed3ng 1 \u2013 3 mu[1]<\/a> r\u1eebng kinh t\u1ebf (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u00f3c ch\u00f3, d\u1ea7u t\u00f9ng, cao su). Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e2y con v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n. C\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan khuy\u1ebfn n\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn l\u00e2m h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

3. \u1edft\u1ec9nh V\u00e2n Nam, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1nh thu\u1ebf c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m LSNG do ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n thu h\u00e1i ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 b\u00e1n ra th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4i gi\u1edbi trung gian ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 thu\u1ebf s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00f4ng\/l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n ri\u00eang l\u00e0 8,8% khi mua c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 m\u0103ng, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i n\u1ea5m \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, h\u1ea1t d\u1ea7u t\u00f9ng v\u00e0 c\u1ee7i.<\/p>\n

4. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p thu h\u00e1i c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m LSNG (n\u1ea5m) \u1edf m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh trong r\u1eebng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e1c c\u00e2y c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai thu\u1ed9c v\u00f9ng n\u00fai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m do ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n t\u00f9y \u00fd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

5. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p thu h\u00e1i nh\u1ef1a tr\u00ean n\u00fai \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh danh (thu\u1ed9c s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng cho c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 d\u00e2n).<\/p>\n

6. \u1edfqu\u1eadn T\u01b0 Mao t\u1ec9nh V\u00e2n Nam ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu h\u00e1i cao su t\u1eeb r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng cao su \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng (5 \u2013 10 mu\/h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh), nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 thu\u1ebf s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00f4ng\/l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n ri\u00eang l\u00e0 8,8% \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y cao su cho S\u1edf thu\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4i gi\u1edbi trung gian s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 ph\u00ed qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd cho s\u1ed1 m\u0103ng mua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 40 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u1ec7\/t\u1ea5n n\u1ebfu s\u1ed1 m\u0103ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ra ngo\u00e0i v\u00f9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 thu\u1ebf s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00f4ng\/l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n ri\u00eang l\u00e0 0,5 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u1ec7\/kg (kho\u1ea3ng 8,8%).<\/p>\n

7. Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n h\u1ea1t L\u1ea1ng C\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t quy ch\u1ebf l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c thu h\u00e1i m\u0103ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh hai n\u0103m m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n. M\u1ed9t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 do quy ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111em l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 thu nh\u1eadp h\u00e0ng n\u0103m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n dao \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

8. \u1edfm\u1ed9t v\u00e0i n\u01a1i, c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 S\u1edf thu\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecbnh ra thu\u1ebf s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00f4ng\/l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n ri\u00eang cho c\u00e2y \u0103n qu\u1ea3 khi h\u1ecd xu\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c l\u00e0ng. Thu\u1ebf cho m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y \u0103n qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh trong 3 n\u0103m. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh thu\u1ebf n\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u01b0\u1ee3ng hoa qu\u1ea3 thu ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh n\u00e0y th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ee7a S\u1edf thu\u1ebf d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

4. <\/strong>T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a thu h\u00e1i LSNG t\u1edbi t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean, \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd vi\u1ec7c thu h\u00e1i LSNG<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00e1c qui \u0111\u1ecbnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban h\u00e0nh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p ch\u1eb7t c\u00e2y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 do trong khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n. \u0110\u00f4i khi h\u1ecd cho th\u00e2n c\u00e2y ch\u1ebft d\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ea5m m\u1ecdc tr\u00ean th\u00e2n c\u00e2y. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y d\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3o, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1eb7t c\u00e2y Siberian solomoseal<\/em>; th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 “gi\u1ebft g\u00e0 l\u1ea5y tr\u1ee9ng”, l\u00e0m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ea5u t\u1edbi r\u1eebng v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc. Cao su \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9c canh r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ea1i \u0111a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng n\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ec9nh V\u00e2n Nam(\u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao d\u01b0\u1edbi 700 m). Hi\u1ec7n nay r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2y H\u1ed3 tr\u0103n Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u1edf qu\u1eadn N\u1ed9i Giang, v\u00ec v\u1eady gi\u00e1 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i d\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3o n\u00e0y t\u0103ng l\u00ean. R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay, vi\u1ec7c thu h\u00e1i v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng LSNG \u1edf V\u00e2n Namc\u00f2n ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1ed1t (kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 thu ho\u1ea1ch r\u1eebng kinh t\u1ebf). H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, c\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0m cho l\u1ee3i \u00edch h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch. Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c quy ch\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p, “quy ch\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n t\u1ec9nh V\u00e2n Nam, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng thi h\u00e0nh lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c an ninh c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng tu\u1ea7n tra (h\u01a1n 3 l\u1ea7n trong m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng). \u0110\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u1edf ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p thu h\u00e1i n\u1ea5m trong r\u1eebng chung c\u1ee7a l\u00e0ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong m\u00f9a thu ho\u1ea1ch (th\u00e1ng 6 \u2013 th\u00e1ng 9). H\u1ea1t L\u1ea1ng C\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng quy ch\u1ebf “thu h\u00e1i m\u0103ng hai n\u0103m m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n”. \u1edfl\u00e0ng \u0110\u1ea1i Ho\u00e0ng Thi\u00ean thu\u1ed9c khu h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh Nalan, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 T\u01b0 Mao, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng th\u1eddi gian kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t thu ho\u1ea1ch m\u0103ng lu\u1ed3ng (Dendrocalamus menbranaceus)<\/em> v\u00e0 m\u0103ng \u0111en. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc v\u00e0 quy ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ed3ng gh\u00e9p trong c\u00e1c quy ch\u1ebf kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a l\u00e0ng t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

5. Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn trong vi\u1ec7c thu h\u00e1i LSNG<\/strong><\/p>\n

Cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m, \u1edf V\u00e2n Namb\u1ecb thi\u1ebfu c\u00e1c quy ch\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thu ho\u1ea1ch theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 thu h\u00e1i c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m LSNG. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u1edf v\u00f9ng li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1 t\u1ef1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 tu\u1ea7n tra r\u1eebng, v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c quy ch\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n ho\u00e1 vi\u1ec7c thu h\u00e1i LSNG.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean \u1edf V\u00e2n Namr\u1ea5t gi\u00e0u t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean LSNG. \u0110\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n, \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft l\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd thu h\u00e1i LSNG \u1edf v\u00f9ng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec7m, v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng tham gia c\u00f9ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1eebng trong l\u00fac c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. M\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 c\u00f9ng nhau l\u1eadp ra c\u00e1c quy ch\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 quy ch\u1ebf chu\u1ea9n ho\u00e1 vi\u1ec7c thu h\u00e1i c\u1ee7a l\u00e0ng; b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y c\u0169ng s\u1ebd c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd thu h\u00e1i LSNG.<\/p>\n

B\u00f9i M\u1ef9 B\u00ecnh<\/u><\/h2>\n

L\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb “The International seminar on <\/em>Non-timber<\/em>Forest<\/em>Product-China<\/em>Yunnan<\/em>, <\/em>Laos<\/em>, <\/em>Vietnam<\/em>, 2\/2000, <\/em>Yunnan<\/em>University<\/em>Press<\/em><\/p>\n

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CIFOR \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c<\/h1>\n

ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i r\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 tho\u00e1i ho\u00e1<\/h1>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p g\u1ed7 c\u1ee7i t\u1eeb r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng ng\u00e0y \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng l\u00ean l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n s\u1ee9c \u00e9p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi r\u1eebng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. Vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c r\u1eebng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y n\u00ean suy tho\u00e1i tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng cho h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i. V\u00ec v\u1eady CIFOR-Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt s\u1ef1 suy tho\u00e1i r\u1eebng v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ecb suy tho\u00e1i. V\u1ec1 c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, kinh t\u1ebf, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ednh kh\u1ea3 thi. \u00d4ng Takeshi Toma nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n cho r\u1eb1ng :” D\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1eadp trung qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1eebng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau ”<\/p>\n

CIFOR v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n pha 1 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00e0y t\u1eeb gi\u1eefa n\u0103m 1996 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1999 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc: Argentina, Brazin, Congo, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Peru v\u00e0 Thailan. Vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 h\u1eefu \u00edch, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi n\u00f3 c\u0169ng cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u kinh nghi\u1ec7m cho pha hai c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. \u1edfArgentina, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p khai th\u00e1c r\u1eebng sao cho nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u1ea5u l\u00e0 nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t t\u1edbi r\u1eebng; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m cho \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ecb v\u00f3n k\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 r\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i sau l\u1ea7n khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean khi tu\u1ed5i 15 \u1edf Malaysia\u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh. \u1edf Peruvian Amazon, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ra nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 tho\u00e1i ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 b\u1ecf hoang sau khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e2m canh n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

\u1edf Brazin, n\u01a1i \u0111ang tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111ang t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n th\u00e2n c\u00e2y, c\u00f2n to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 s\u1ed1 l\u00e1 c\u00e2y s\u1ebd b\u1ecf l\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i kho\u1ea3ng 1\/2 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5ng sinh kh\u1ed1i c\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

D\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u0169ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. Lo\u00e0i B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u1edf C\u00f4ng g\u00f4 B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng theo chu k\u1ef3, quay v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e2y b\u1ee5i c\u1eb1n c\u1ed7i, \u00edt ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1, th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt t\u1ea7ng th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, \u1edf Brazin c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ecbch l\u00fd l\u00e0 r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n \u1edf tu\u1ed5i 12 khi ch\u1eb7t tr\u1eafng c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1eefu c\u01a1 \u00edt h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e2y 7 tu\u1ed5i \u1edf r\u1eebng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m r\u00f5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y .<\/p>\n

D\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u0169ng g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1eeb th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf gi\u1eefa qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1eebng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i r\u1eebng v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb tho\u00e1i ho\u00e1, D\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u01b0u ti\u00ean l\u1edbn v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n tham gia, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn h\u01a1n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 m\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0a ra. Khi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u1edf Brazin \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn chung l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed1i \u0111a nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u1ea5u v\u1edbi sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y. \u00d4ng Renanto A.Dedecek \u1edf Brazin \u0111\u00e3 cho bi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng ty tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean v\u00ec nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed khi h\u1ecd ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng .<\/p>\n

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 chi ti\u1ebft n\u00ean r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb tr\u00ean trang Web. Ngu\u1ed3n th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u cho giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i r\u1eebng t\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng nhanh gi\u1eefa m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c vi\u00ean s\u1ebd cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba t\u1eebng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ed v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t. CIFOR c\u0169ng xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp s\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi nh\u00e2n r\u1ed9ng ra .<\/p>\n

Pha hai c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n s\u1ebd h\u01b0\u1edbng theo nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a pha m\u1ed9t v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 kinh t\u1ebf, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 tranh th\u1ee7 s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n .<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1c s\u00e1t th\u1ef1c, th\u00ec m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kinh t\u1ebf, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1ch ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i nh\u1eefng khu r\u1eebng b\u1ecb khai th\u00e1c qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u1edf t\u1eebng v\u00f9ng. \u00d4ng Toma c\u00f2n nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng: ” Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa r\u1eebng v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, trong \u0111\u00f3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 suy tho\u00e1i r\u1eebng.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7ng Thu\u00fd H\u1eb1ng<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

L\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb CIFOR News N0<\/sup>28,8\/2001<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Có nhi\u1ec1u ý ki\u1ebfn khác nhau v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a lâm s\u1ea3n ngoài g\u1ed7 (LSNG) trên th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. T\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea5p chuyên viên v\u1ec1 LSNG \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u1edf Bangkok vào tháng 11 n\u0103m 1991, FAO \u0111ã \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a sau: LSNG t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 các s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m có kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tái t\u1ea1o có ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb r\u1eebng ho\u1eb7c trên b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t nào v\u1edbi ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 (tr\u1eeb các tài nguyên g\u1ed7, c\u1ee7i, than, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111á, n\u01b0\u1edbc và du l\u1ecbch).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[18],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8658"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8658"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8658\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19261,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8658\/revisions\/19261"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8658"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8658"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8658"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}