{"id":8657,"date":"2009-03-24T02:48:00","date_gmt":"2009-03-23T19:48:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/2009\/03\/ky-thuat-trong-cay-de-trung-khanh-de-van-mac-lich-castanea-mollissima-blume\/"},"modified":"2019-09-25T10:03:14","modified_gmt":"2019-09-25T03:03:14","slug":"ky-thuat-trong-cay-de-trung-khanh-de-van-mac-lich-castanea-mollissima-blume","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/ky-thuat-trong-cay-de-trung-khanh-de-van-mac-lich-castanea-mollissima-blume\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y d\u1ebb Tr\u00f9ng Kh\u00e1nh (d\u1ebb v\u00e1n, m\u1eafc l\u1ecbch) (Castanea mollissima blume)"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng<\/strong><\/p>\n

L\u00e0 c\u00e2y qu\u00fd, v\u1eeba cho h\u1ea1t v\u1eeba cho g\u1ed7, s\u1ea3n l\u00ad\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nhi\u1ec1u, c\u00e2y l\u00e2u n\u0103m n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu h\u1ea1t trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i. H\u1ea1t to, 1kg c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng tr\u00ean d\u01b0\u00ad\u1edbi 100 h\u1ea1t (kho\u1ea3ng 8-10g\/h\u1ea1t). H\u1ea1t ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u dinh d\u01b0\u00ad\u1ee1ng. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0103n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp (lu\u1ed9c, rang) ho\u1eb7c qua ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m b\u00e1nh.<\/p>\n

G\u1ed7 c\u1ee9ng, b\u1ec1n, ch\u1ecbu \u1ea9m, ch\u1ed1ng m\u1ee5c t\u1ed1t, g\u1ed7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng thuy\u1ec1n, l\u00e0m c\u1ea7u, l\u00e0m xe v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ed3 gia d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

V\u1ecf c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t ta-nanh. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i c\u00f2n cho bi\u1ebft v\u1ecf qu\u1ea3, l\u00e1, ch\u00f9m hoa \u0111\u1ef1c, v\u1ecf c\u00e2y v\u00e0 r\u1ec5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m thu\u1ed1c b\u1ed5 th\u1eadn \u00edch kh\u00ed, c\u1ea7m m\u00e1u, gi\u1ea3m \u0111au v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ebft ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u00ad\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2y d\u1ebb v\u00e1n s\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u, \u0111\u00ad\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0\u00ada v\u00e0o tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf Tr\u00f9ng Kh\u00e1nh t\u1eeb l\u00e2u, quen g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 d\u1ebb Tr\u00f9ng Kh\u00e1nh. C\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng 70-80 n\u0103m, thu ho\u1ea1ch qu\u1ea3 50-60 n\u0103m, l\u00e0 c\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng thu nh\u1eadp, thu ho\u1ea1ch l\u00e2u d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai<\/strong><\/p>\n

D\u1ebb v\u00e1n nguy\u00ean s\u1ea3n \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c, c\u00f3 ph\u1ea1m vi ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee7ng kh\u00e1c nhau, ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u00ad\u1ee3c n\u01a1i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n t\u1eeb 8-220C<\/sup>, l\u01b0\u00ad\u1ee3ng m\u01b0\u00ada b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n n\u0103m 1000-2000mm. D\u1ebb v\u00e1n l\u00e0 c\u00e2y \u00ad\u01b0a s\u00e1ng, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u 1700-1900 gi\u1edd n\u1eafng 1 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

D\u1ebb v\u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ecdc tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5: \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3i, s\u01b0\u00ad\u1eddn \u0111\u1ed3i, s\u00ad\u01b0\u1eddn n\u00fai, \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u00ad\u01a1ng r\u1eaby c\u0169…, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 t\u1ea7ng d\u00e0y, t\u01a1i x\u1ed1p, tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u00ad\u1edbc t\u1ed1t. \u0110\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 pH t\u1eeb h\u01a1i chua \u0111\u1ebfn trung t\u00ednh (pH 5,5-7,0). \u0110\u1ea5t ki\u1ec1m, \u0111\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9a mu\u1ed1i tr\u00ean 0,2% th\u00ec c\u00e2y sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n

D\u1ebb v\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u00ad\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0\u00ada v\u00e0o tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf Tr\u00f9ng Kh\u00e1nh, Cao B\u1eb1ng t\u1eeb l\u00e2u, t\u1ecf ra th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u1edf \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e2y m\u1ecdc kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh, cho thu ho\u1ea1ch qu\u1ea3, h\u1ea1t t\u1ed1t. C\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai ph\u00eda B\u1eafc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai t\u1eebng v\u00f9ng m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n g\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u00ada l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch.<\/p>\n

K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt g\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng<\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u00ec d\u1ebb v\u00e1n l\u1ea5y qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu, l\u00e0 c\u00e2y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee7ng kh\u00e1c nhau n\u00ean c\u1ea7n h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c ch\u00fa \u00fd kh\u00e2u ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng. Tr\u01b0\u00ad\u1edbc ti\u00ean n\u00ean ch\u1ecdn nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh, sai qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u00ad\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi kh\u00ed h\u1eadu Tr\u00f9ng Kh\u00e1nh, Cao B\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y gi\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

H\u1ea1t ch\u00edn v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 9-10. Khi ch\u00edn v\u1ecf qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u x\u00e1m, m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng x\u00e1m, v\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 kh\u00eda n\u1ee9t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ed9 h\u1ea1t ra ngo\u00e0i, v\u1ecf h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 m\u00e0u n\u00e2u. H\u1ea1t l\u1ea5y xong c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gieo ngay ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea5t tr\u1eef \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n \u0111em gieo. N\u1ebfu gieo ngay t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m kh\u00f4ng cao.<\/p>\n

H\u1ea1t c\u1ea5t \u1ea9m, m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp h\u1ea1t m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp c\u00e1t \u1ea9m, h\u00e0ng tu\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra, \u0111\u1ea3o h\u1ea1t, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf h\u1ea1t th\u1ed1i v\u00e0 phun n\u01b0\u00ad\u1edbc gi\u1eef \u1ea9m.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea5t v\u01b0\u00ad\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m c\u1ea7n c\u00e0y k\u1ef9, b\u00f3n l\u00f3t b\u1eb1ng ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng hoai 30kg\/10m2<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

H\u1ea1t d\u1ebb to n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gieo theo h\u00e0ng. Lu\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m cao 30cm, tr\u00ean lu\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m r\u1ea1ch r\u1ed3i gieo h\u1ea1t. R\u1ea1ch c\u00e1ch nhau 25-30cm, gieo h\u1ea1t n\u1ecd c\u00e1ch h\u1ea1t kia 15-20cm, h\u1ea1t gieo \u0111\u00ad\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea5t s\u00e2u 2-3cm. Ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0m c\u1ecf, x\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t, b\u00f3n th\u00fac v\u00e0o m\u00f9a sinh tr\u00ad\u01b0\u1edfng (th\u00e1ng 6-7). N\u1ebfu c\u00e2y con nu\u00f4i \u1edf v\u00ad\u01b0\u1eddn 2 n\u0103m th\u00ec sau n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ea7n c\u1ea5y c\u00e2y cho kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch r\u1ed9ng ra 40x40cm.<\/p>\n

\u1edfTrung Qu\u1ed1c, ng\u01b0\u00ad\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u00ad\u1eddng d\u00f9ng c\u00e1ch gh\u00e9p \u0111\u1ec3 cho c\u00e2y s\u1edbm ra qu\u1ea3, s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u00ad\u1ee3ng cao, ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t. Sau khi gieo h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e2y con l\u00e0m g\u1ed1c gh\u00e9p th\u00ec ch\u1ecdn c\u00e2y m\u1eb9 sai qu\u1ea3, ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t h\u1ea1t t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y c\u00e0nh gh\u00e9p, m\u1eaft gh\u00e9p r\u1ed3i \u0111em gh\u00e9p v\u00e0o c\u00e2y con \u1edf v\u00ad\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u00ad\u01a1m. Th\u01b0\u00ad\u1eddng gh\u00e9p v\u00e0o m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n, gh\u00e9p xong l\u00e0m gi\u00e0n che, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gh\u00e9p m\u1eaft ho\u1eb7c gh\u00e9p n\u00eam. \u1edfta c\u00f3 n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 gh\u00e9p d\u1ebb v\u00e1n v\u1edbi d\u1ebb cau, tuy v\u1eady vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng ch\u01b0\u00ada \u0111\u00ad\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u00fang m\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng d\u1ebb v\u00e1n c\u1ea7n ch\u1ecdn n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t, t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u1ea5t d\u00e0y, nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f9n, \u0111\u1ed9 pH d\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbi 7. H\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e0o 40x40x40cm, c\u1ea7n b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n l\u00f3t m\u1ed7i h\u1ed1 40kg ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng. D\u1ebb v\u00e1n n\u00ean tr\u1ed3ng th\u01b0\u00ada, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 400-500 c\u00e2y\/ha. Khi c\u00e2y c\u00f2n nh\u1ecf, gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng d\u1ebb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng khoai, \u0111\u1ed7, l\u1ea1c, l\u00faa. V\u1ec1 sau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng g\u1eebng. Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ea7n x\u1edbi x\u00e1o, vun g\u1ed1c. Khi \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh r\u1eebng r\u1ed3i th\u00ec h\u00e0ng n\u0103m c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00fac ti\u1ebfn c\u00e2y sai hoa k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. Ngo\u00e0i b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng ph\u00e2n xanh, c\u1ecf r\u00e1c v\u00f9i v\u00e0o g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho \u0111\u1ea5t t\u01a1i x\u1ed1p, tho\u00e1t n\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00ad\u01b0ng gi\u1eef \u1ea9m, c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho c\u00e2y sinh tr\u01b0\u00ad\u1edfng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 t\u0103ng s\u1ea3n, ngo\u00e0i kh\u00e2u ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n, t\u01b0\u00ad\u1edbi n\u01b0\u00ad\u1edbc, t\u1ec9a c\u00e0nh, t\u1ea1o t\u00e1n v.v… ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, nu\u00f4i d\u00ad\u01b0\u1ee1ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd.<\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n: Trung t\u00e2m Th\u00f4ng tin Khoa h\u1ecdc C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Là cây quý, v\u1eeba cho h\u1ea1t v\u1eeba cho g\u1ed7, s\u1ea3n l­\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nhi\u1ec1u, cây lâu n\u0103m nên có th\u1ec3 thu h\u1ea1t trong th\u1eddi gian dài. H\u1ea1t to, 1kg có kho\u1ea3ng trên d\u01b0­\u1edbi 100 h\u1ea1t (kho\u1ea3ng 8-10g\/h\u1ea1t). H\u1ea1t ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u dinh d\u01b0­\u1ee1ng. Có th\u1ec3 \u0103n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp (lu\u1ed9c, rang) ho\u1eb7c qua ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 làm bánh. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[15,18],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8657"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8657"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8657\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19262,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8657\/revisions\/19262"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8657"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8657"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8657"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}