{"id":8648,"date":"2009-03-24T02:35:33","date_gmt":"2009-03-23T19:35:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/2009\/03\/phan-lap-va-tuyen-chon-vi-khuan-doi-khang-voi-nam-gay-benh-vung-re-cay-thong\/"},"modified":"2019-09-25T10:06:12","modified_gmt":"2019-09-25T03:06:12","slug":"phan-lap-va-tuyen-chon-vi-khuan-doi-khang-voi-nam-gay-benh-vung-re-cay-thong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/phan-lap-va-tuyen-chon-vi-khuan-doi-khang-voi-nam-gay-benh-vung-re-cay-thong\/","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp v\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn vi khu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng v\u1edbi n\u1ea5m g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh v\u00f9ng r\u1ec5 c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ph\u1ea1m Quang Thu<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Tr\u1ea7n Thanh Tr\u0103ng<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/em><\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng (Pinus <\/em>spp.) l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf cao \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, g\u1ed7 th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn gi\u1ea5y, l\u00e0m bao b\u00ec, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed7 trang tr\u00ed n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t; nh\u1ef1a th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. Ngo\u00e0i ra, th\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee7 xanh \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed3i n\u00fai tr\u1ecdc, tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o c\u1ea3nh quan m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Theo s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u ki\u1ec3m k\u00ea r\u1eebng Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1999 t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 1.471.394 ha, trong \u0111\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng l\u00e0 218.056 ha chi\u1ebfm 14,8%. Hi\u1ec7n nay, c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn cho Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u1ed3ng m\u1edbi 5 tri\u1ec7u ha r\u1eebng c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng con \u1edf v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh th\u1ed1i nh\u0169n (damping-off) v\u1edbi 4 tri\u1ec7u tr\u1ee9ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh: th\u1ed1i m\u1ea7m h\u1ea1t, \u0111\u1ed5 g\u1ee5c, ch\u1ebft \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e1 do c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i n\u1ea5m Fusarium <\/em>spp., Phytophthora <\/em>spp., Rhizoctoia <\/em>spp., Pythium <\/em>spp. … g\u00e2y ra l\u00e0m thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e2y con \u1edf v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng con khi \u0111\u01b0a \u0111i tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng. Trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1 h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh nh\u01b0 gieo \u01b0\u01a1m h\u1ea1t th\u00f4ng v\u00e0o th\u1eddi v\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh ho\u1eb7c d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc Benlate \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y t\u1ecf ra kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao, kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh do kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 do d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u00ednh kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c \u1edf c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh; ngo\u00e0i ra, bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc c\u00f2n g\u00e2y t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i x\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

Xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf tr\u00ean, \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp c\u00e1c vi sinh v\u1eadt nh\u01b0 vi n\u1ea5m (Trichoderma<\/em> spp), x\u1ea1 khu\u1ea9n (Actinomyces<\/em> spp., Streptomyces<\/em> spp.) v\u00e0 vi khu\u1ea9n (Bacillus<\/em> spp.) t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ea3n sinh ra c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ng sinh v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u00e1ch chi\u1ebft v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ng sinh, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh cho th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp v\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn vi khu\u1ea9n s\u1ed1ng trong m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt (endophytic bacteria) s\u1ea3n sinh ra c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ng sinh trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh trao \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i n\u1ea5m h\u1ea1i g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh th\u1ed1i nh\u0169n c\u00e2y con trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n gieo \u01b0\u01a1m \u1edf v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m.<\/p>\n

Trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i b\u00e1o n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp vi khu\u1ea9n s\u1ed1ng trong m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a 12 lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng vi khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a 2 lo\u00e0i n\u1ea5m g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh nguy hi\u1ec3m l\u00e0 Fusarium oxysporum<\/em> v\u00e0 Phytophthora <\/em>spp.<\/em><\/p>\n

1. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/strong><\/p>\n

1.1. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

– C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp vi khu\u1ea9n:<\/p>\n

1. Sao \u0111en (Hopera odorata <\/em>Roxb),<\/p>\n

2. T\u1ebfch (Tectona grandis<\/em> Linn.f.),<\/p>\n

3. M\u1eabu \u0111\u01a1n (Gardenia lucida<\/em>),<\/p>\n

4. R\u00e2m b\u1ee5t (Hibiscus macrophylla<\/em>),<\/p>\n

5. Gi\u1ebb xanh (Lithocarpus tubulosus<\/em>),<\/p>\n

6. B\u1eb1ng l\u0103ng (Largerstroemia calyculata<\/em>),<\/p>\n

7. Ng\u00e2u \u0111\u1ecf (Aglaia rubescens<\/em>),<\/p>\n

8. Li\u1ec5u (Salix babylonia<\/em>),<\/p>\n

9. Keo tai t\u01b0\u1ee3ng (Acacia mangium<\/em>),<\/p>\n

10. Keo l\u00e1 tr\u00e0m (Acacia auriculiformic<\/em>),<\/p>\n

11. C\u00f4m t\u1ea7ng (Elaeocarpus griffithii<\/em>),<\/p>\n

12. L\u00e1t hoa (Chukrasia tabularis<\/em> A. Juss).<\/p>\n

– N\u1ea5m Fusarium oxysporum<\/em>: \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp t\u1eeb c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng m\u00e3 v\u0129 (Pinus massoniana<\/em> Lamb) b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh \u1edf v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m Trung t\u00e2m Khoa h\u1ecdc S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p \u0110\u00f4ng B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 – \u0110\u1ea1i L\u1ea3i – V\u0129nh Ph\u00fac.<\/p>\n

– N\u1ea5m Phytophthora <\/em>sp.<\/em>: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp t\u1eeb m\u1eabu c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh \u1edf \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n

1.2. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

– Ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp vi khu\u1ea9n: C\u00e1c m\u1eabu c\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00e2m kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng trong dung d\u1ecbch c\u1ed3n 70% v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eaft th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c mi\u1ebfng nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc 0.5×1 cm. Sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c mi\u1ebfng nh\u1ecf n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t trong c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ee9a 1 ml m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng PBS v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a l\u00ean m\u00e1y l\u1eafc, l\u1eafc trong kho\u1ea3ng 4 gi\u1edd v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 250 v\u00f2ng\/ph\u00fat v\u00e0 \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 28oC<\/sup> lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf m\u1eabu v\u1eadt c\u1ea5y chuy\u1ec3n dung d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng PBS tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u0129a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng King B, \u0111\u1ec3 \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 28oC<\/sup>, sau 48 gi\u1edd vi khu\u1ea9n m\u1ecdc l\u00ean. C\u1ea5y chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c khu\u1ea9n l\u1ea1c m\u1ecdc ri\u00eang r\u1ebd v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u0129a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng King B kh\u00e1c, nu\u00f4i vi khu\u1ea9n trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 28oC<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

– Ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh Fusarium<\/em> v\u00e0 Phytophthora<\/em>: C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp t\u1eeb c\u00e1c m\u1eabu c\u00e2y b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y tr\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng PDA.<\/p>\n

– Tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn: C\u00e1c m\u1eabu vi khu\u1ea9n sau khi ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5y tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u0129a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng PDA, \u0111\u1ec3 \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 28oC<\/sup> t\u1eeb 5 \u0111\u1ebfn 7 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1eddi gian cho vi khu\u1ea9n s\u1ea3n sinh ra ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ng sinh c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng PDA. Sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c vi khu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch ra kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c \u0111\u0129a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng PDA v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1eabu n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5y 3 \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0o s\u00e1t m\u00e9p c\u1ee7a \u0111\u0129a Petri. Sau 5-7 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n tr\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng PDA b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh v\u00f2ng \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh v\u00f2ng \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c sau:<\/p>\n

V (mm) = D (mm)\u2013 d (mm)<\/p>\n

Trong \u0111\u00f3: – D l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh trung b\u00ecnh v\u00f2ng \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m bao quanh khu\u1ea9n l\u1ea1c t\u00ednh theo 2 chi\u1ec1u vu\u00f4ng g\u00f3c.<\/p>\n

– d l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh trung b\u00ecnh t\u00ednh theo 2 chi\u1ec1u vu\u00f4ng g\u00f3c c\u1ee7a khu\u1ea9n l\u1ea1c.<\/p>\n

2. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/strong><\/p>\n

2.1. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp vi khu\u1ea9n<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u1edbi 12 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp vi khu\u1ea9n, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean 70 ch\u1ee7ng vi khu\u1ea9n kh\u00e1c nhau. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u1edf B\u1ea3ng 1.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3ng 1 K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp vi khu\u1ea9n<\/em><\/h1>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
S\u1ed1 TT<\/strong><\/td>\nLo\u00e0i c\u00e2y<\/strong><\/td>\nS\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi khu\u1ea9n ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/strong><\/td>\nK\u00fd hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ee7ng vi khu\u1ea9n<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\nSao \u0111en<\/td>\n6<\/td>\nN1 \u2013 N6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\nT\u1ebfch<\/td>\n5<\/td>\nSP101 \u2013 SP105<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\nM\u1eabu \u0111\u01a1n<\/td>\n10<\/td>\nMD1 \u2013MD10<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\nR\u00e2m b\u1ee5t<\/td>\n5<\/td>\nSP311 \u2013 SP315<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5<\/td>\nGi\u1ebb xanh<\/td>\n4<\/td>\nSP41 \u2013 SP44<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6<\/td>\nB\u1eb1ng l\u0103ng<\/td>\n7<\/td>\nSP511 \u2013 SP515<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7<\/td>\nNg\u00e2u \u0111\u1ecf<\/td>\n8<\/td>\nSP11 \u2013 SP18<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
8<\/td>\nLi\u1ec5u<\/td>\n6<\/td>\nSP211 \u2013 SP216<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
9<\/td>\nKeo tai t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/td>\n4<\/td>\nSP161 \u2013 SP165<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10<\/td>\nKeo l\u00e1 tr\u00e0m<\/td>\n5<\/td>\nSP611 \u2013 SP615<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
11<\/td>\nC\u00f4m t\u1ea7ng<\/td>\n5<\/td>\nSP811 \u2013 SP815<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
12<\/td>\nL\u00e1t hoa<\/td>\n5<\/td>\nSP911 \u2013 SP915<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C\u1ed9ng<\/strong><\/td>\n70<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

2.2. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m th\u1eed hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n tr\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng PDA, 11 ch\u1ee7ng vi khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ea3n sinh ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ng sinh g\u00e2y \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m Fusarium oxysporum<\/em> v\u00e0 Phytophthora <\/em>sp. \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn trong t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 70 ch\u1ee7ng vi khu\u1ea9n. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng vi khu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi 2 lo\u00e0i n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh sau 5 ng\u00e0y nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau trong B\u1ea3ng 2.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3ng 2 Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi <\/u><\/h2>\n

n\u1ea5m Fusarium<\/em> oxysporum <\/em>v\u00e0 Phytophthora<\/em> sp.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
STT<\/strong><\/td>\nK\u00fd hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ee7ng vi khu\u1ea9n<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh v\u00f2ng \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf (mm)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Fusarium<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\nPhytophthora<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\nSP16<\/td>\n20<\/td>\n15<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\nSP43<\/td>\n25<\/td>\n20<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\nSP111<\/td>\n19<\/td>\n22<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\nSP215<\/td>\n17<\/td>\n11<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5<\/td>\nSP18<\/td>\n20<\/td>\n30<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6<\/td>\nSP14<\/td>\n30<\/td>\n18<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7<\/td>\nSP213<\/td>\n14<\/td>\n15<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
8<\/td>\nSP161<\/td>\n20<\/td>\n16<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
9<\/td>\nSP162<\/td>\n24<\/td>\n20<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10<\/td>\nMD2<\/td>\n30<\/td>\n30<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
11<\/td>\nN1<\/td>\n17<\/td>\n12<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

B\u1ea3ng s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u tr\u00ean cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng vi khu\u1ea9n kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c trong vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1c nhau. Ch\u1ee7ng mang k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u MD2, SP14 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c r\u1ea5t cao \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m Fusarium<\/em> oxysporum<\/em> v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7ng MD2, SP18 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c cao \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u1ea5m Phytophthora <\/em>sp. Ch\u1ee7ng MD2 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c cao \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 hai lo\u00e0i n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh trong th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

\u1ea3nh1 Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u00e2y \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh Fusarium oxysporum <\/em><\/p>\n

c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7ng vi khu\u1ea9n<\/em><\/p>\n

2.3 M\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a 3 ch\u1ee7ng vi khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c cao<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7ng vi khu\u1ea9n MD2:<\/em>T\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u, \u0111\u1ee9ng ri\u00eang r\u1ebd, di \u0111\u1ed9ng; k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ebf b\u00e0o: chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i t\u1eeb 2,4-2,7mm; \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh t\u1eeb 1,2-1,5mm; khu\u1ea9n l\u1ea1c h\u00ecnh \u0111a gi\u00e1c, nh\u1eb5n, h\u01a1i nh\u00e0y, c\u00f3 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng \u0111\u1ee5c, c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m m\u1edd \u1edf m\u00e9p ngo\u00e0i, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh khu\u1ea9n l\u1ea1c sau 5 ng\u00e0y: 10 mm.<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7ng vi khu\u1ea9n SP18:<\/em>T\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u, \u0111\u1ee9ng ri\u00eang r\u1ebd; di \u0111\u1ed9ng, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ebf b\u00e0o: chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i t\u1eeb 1,7-2,5mm, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh t\u1eeb 0,7-1mm; khu\u1ea9n l\u1ea1c c\u00f3 m\u00e0u n\u00e2u \u1edf gi\u1eefa, m\u00e9p ngo\u00e0i m\u00e0u n\u00e2u \u0111\u1ee5c, h\u00ecnh th\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m \u1edf gi\u1eefa, h\u01a1i kh\u00f4, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc khu\u1ea9n l\u1ea1c sau 5 ng\u00e0y: 14mm.<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7ng vi khu\u1ea9n SP14: <\/em>T\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u, \u0111\u1ee9ng ri\u00eang r\u1ebd, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ebf b\u00e0o: chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i t\u1eeb 1,1-1,3mm, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh t\u1eeb 0,7-0,8mm, khu\u1ea9n l\u1ea1c c\u00f3 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng ng\u00e0, nh\u00e0y, h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n, nh\u1eb5n, c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m m\u1edd t\u1eeb gi\u1eefa ra m\u00e9p ngo\u00e0i, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh khu\u1ea9n l\u1ea1c sau 5 ng\u00e0y: 12mm.<\/p>\n

3. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn <\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  • Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 70 ch\u1ee7ng vi khu\u1ea9n s\u1ed1ng trong m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a 12 lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \u00b7 Tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 11 ch\u1ee7ng vi khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ea3n sinh ra ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ng sinh g\u00e2y \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n

      \n
    • Ch\u1ee7ng MD2 ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp t\u1eeb c\u00e0nh c\u00e2y m\u1eabu \u0111\u01a1n v\u00e0 SP14 ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb c\u00e0nh c\u00e2y ng\u00e2u \u0111\u1ecf c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c cao nh\u1ea5t trong vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh Fusarium<\/em> oxysporum<\/em> v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7ng MD2 v\u00e0 SP18 ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp t\u1eeb c\u00e0nh c\u00e2y ng\u00e2u \u0111\u1ecf c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c cao nh\u1ea5t trong vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh Phytophthora<\/em>.<\/li>\n
    • Ch\u1ee7ng MD2 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c cao nh\u1ea5t trong vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 2 lo\u1ea1i n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/u><\/h2>\n

      Nguy\u1ec5n L\u00e2n D\u0169ng, Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u00ecnh Quy\u1ebfn, Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n Ty, 1998, Vi sinh v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc<\/em>, nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, 1998.<\/p>\n

      Jinwi Kim, 2000, Isolation and purification of antifungal compound and b-lactamase inhibitor from endophytic bacteria, Ms Thesis, SNU, 2000.<\/p>\n

      Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n M\u1ea1ch, 1991, G\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u b\u1ec7nh th\u1ed1i nh\u0169n (Damping off) c\u00e2y con th\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a (Pinus merkusians<\/em> E.N.G. Cooling H. Gaussen) v\u00e0 Th\u00f4ng caribe (Pinus caribaea <\/em>Morelet) t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Lu\u1eadn v\u0103n Ph\u00f3 ti\u1ebfn s\u1ef9, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1991.<\/p>\n

      Summary<\/strong><\/p>\n

      In the process of sowing of pine in the nursery, the seedlings usually suffer from damping-off disease causing great loss to production. In contribution to diminishing the loss caused by this disease by biological measures, strains of endophytic bacteria that are capable of producing antibiotic inhibiting the growth of pathological fungi are isolated and selected. 70 bacterial strains have been isolated from 12 plant species and there selected 11 bacterial strains that can inhibit the growth of 2 pathological fungi: Fusarium oxysporum<\/em> and Phytophthora<\/em> sp. Of which 3 trains MD2<\/sub>, SP14<\/sub> and SP18<\/sub> are very effective. Strains MD2<\/sub> and SP14<\/sub> produce an inhibiting circle 30m.m in diameter to Fusarium oxysporum<\/em> and MD2<\/sub> and SP18<\/sub> also produce an inhibiting circle 30m.m in diameter to Phytophthora sp.. MD2<\/sub> strain is capable of inhibiting the growth of both pathological fungi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Thông (Pinus spp.) là loài cây có giá tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf cao \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, g\u1ed7 thông \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dùng trong công nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn gi\u1ea5y, làm bao bì, các công trình xây d\u1ef1ng, \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed7 trang trí n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t; nh\u1ef1a thông \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dùng trong công nghi\u1ec7p \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. Ngoài ra, thông còn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee7 xanh \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed3i núi tr\u1ecdc, tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 phòng h\u1ed9 và t\u1ea1o c\u1ea3nh quan môi tr\u01b0\u1eddng. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[18],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8648"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8648"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8648\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19270,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8648\/revisions\/19270"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8648"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8648"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8648"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}