{"id":8643,"date":"2005-11-15T03:47:26","date_gmt":"2005-11-14T20:47:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/2005\/11\/quy-trinh-ky-thuat-trong-rung-tram-den\/"},"modified":"2013-10-06T09:00:02","modified_gmt":"2013-10-06T02:00:02","slug":"quy-trinh-ky-thuat-trong-rung-tram-den","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/quy-trinh-ky-thuat-trong-rung-tram-den\/","title":{"rendered":"Quy tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng Tr\u00e1m \u0111en"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tr\u00e1m \u0111en (Canarium nigrum engler<\/i>)<\/b> <\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i<\/b> <\/p>\n

C\u00e2yg\u1ed7 l\u1edbn, cao 25-30m, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh t\u1edbi 90cm. Th\u00e2n th\u1eb3ng, ph\u00e2n c\u00e0nh cao. V\u1ecf m\u00e0u n\u00e2u nh\u1ea1t khi \u0111\u1ebdo ra c\u00f3 m\u1ee7 m\u00e0u \u0111en. To\u00e0n th\u00e2n c\u00f3 m\u00f9i th\u01a1m h\u1eafc. G\u1ed7 nh\u1eb9, m\u1ec1m, m\u00e0u x\u00e1m tr\u1eafng. <\/p>\n

L\u00e1 k\u00e9p l\u00f4ng chim 1 l\u1ea7n l\u1ebb, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u00e1 k\u00e8m. L\u00e1 ch\u00e9t h\u00ecnh thu\u00f4n tr\u00e1i xoan, d\u00e0i 6-12cm, r\u1ed9ng 3-6cm, phi\u1ebfn c\u1ee9ng, r\u00f2n, m\u1eb7t tr\u00ean b\u00f3ng, m\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1eabm h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u0111u\u00f4i l\u00e1 h\u01a1i l\u1ec7ch. G\u00e2n b\u00ean 8-10 \u0111u\u00f4i. Cu\u1ed1ng l\u00e1 ch\u00e9t d\u00e0i 0,5cm. <\/p>\n

Hoa t\u1ef1 ch\u00f9m h\u00ecnh vi\u00ean thu\u1ef3, th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i h\u01a1n l\u00e1, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n nh\u1eb5n. Hoa m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng v\u00e0ng nh\u1ea1t, cu\u1ed1ng l\u00e1 b\u1eafc d\u1ea1ng v\u1ea3y, cu\u1ed1ng hoa d\u00e0i 1,5-2cm. <\/p>\n

Qu\u1ea3 h\u1ea1ch h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee9ng d\u00e0i, d\u00e0i 3,5-4,5cm, r\u1ed9ng 2-2,5cm, nh\u00e2n 3 \u00f4 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u. Khi ch\u00edn m\u00e0u t\u00edm \u0111en. <\/p>\n

H\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng l\u00e1 c\u00e2y con thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec1u, t\u1eeb l\u00e1 x\u1ebb thu\u1ef3 l\u00ean l\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng m\u1edbi sinh l\u00e1 k\u00e9p nh\u01b0 c\u00e2y tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh. <\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd \u2014 sinh th\u00e1i<\/h1>\n

Ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 trong r\u1eebng nguy\u00ean sinh v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 sinh \u1edf h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t \u1edf Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh, Ngh\u1ec7 An, V\u0129nh Ph\u00fac, B\u1eafc Th\u00e1i\u2026. \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao t\u1eeb 500m tr\u1edf xu\u1ed1ng. Th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ecdc r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c trong r\u1eebng, h\u1ed7n giao v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i: Lim xanh, Xoan \u0111\u00e0o, Lim x\u1eb9t, Ng\u00e1t, C\u1ed3ng s\u1eefa, B\u1ee9a, G\u1ed9i, V\u00ean v\u00ean\u2026. nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 khi m\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh Tr\u00e1m chi\u1ebfm \u01b0u th\u1ebf r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t, ho\u1eb7c Tr\u00e1m + V\u00ean v\u00ean hay Tr\u00e1m + Lim xanh. <\/p>\n

C\u00e2y \u01b0a s\u00e1ng m\u1ecdc nhanh, \u01b0a \u0111\u1ea5t s\u00e9t pha, t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u1ea5t d\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m trung b\u00ecnh, m\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c th\u1ea5p, c\u00e1 bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t s\u1ecfi. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i sinh h\u1ea1t m\u1ea1nh d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1n r\u1eebng c\u00f3 t\u00e0n che 0,3-0,4. <\/p>\n

Ra hoa th\u00e1ng 4-5. Qu\u1ea3 ch\u00edn th\u00e1ng 10-12. <\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf<\/h1>\n

G\u1ed7 d\u00f9ng x\u1ebb v\u00e1n, l\u00e0m nh\u00e0, \u0111\u00f3ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. Nh\u1ef1a c\u00e2y tr\u00e1m \u0111en th\u01a1m ng\u00e1t, d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y, d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn s\u01a1n, vecni, x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng, d\u1ea7u th\u01a1m v\u00e0 l\u00e0m h\u00ad\u01b0\u01a1ng. Qu\u1ea3 c\u00e2y tr\u00e1m \u0111en \u0103n ngon nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i tr\u00e1m, d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3: kho c\u00e1, kho th\u1ecbt, \u0111\u1ed3 x\u00f4i, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0103n d\u1ea7n (th\u00ad\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e2m trong n\u01b0\u00ad\u1edbc m\u1eafm), l\u00e0m \u00f4 mai kh\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9c, ch\u1ed1ng ho, \u1ec9a ch\u1ea3y. Qu\u1ea3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0103n. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n d\u00f9ng qu\u1ea3 tr\u00e1m \u0111en \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa m\u1eaft c\u00f3 m\u1ed9ng. H\u1ea1t \u00e9p d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n b\u00e1nh. <\/p>\n

Sau 6 n\u0103m, n\u1ebfu tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t s\u1ebd cho thu ho\u1ea1ch. C\u00e2y th\u00e0nh th\u1ee5c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t 200-300kg qu\u1ea3\/c\u00e2y v\u00e0 cho thu ho\u1ea1ch trong th\u1eddi gian kho\u1ea3ng 50 n\u0103m. <\/p>\n

Thu h\u00e1i h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/h1>\n

V\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 10, 11 khi v\u1ecf qu\u1ea3 chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00e0u t\u00edm \u0111en, ng\u01b0\u00ad\u1eddi ta d\u00f9ng c\u00e2u li\u00eam thu h\u00e1i qu\u1ea3 (kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean thu nh\u1eb7t nh\u1eefng qu\u1ea3 r\u1ee5ng d\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbi g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y). Qu\u1ea3 thu h\u00e1i v\u1ec1 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t r\u1ed3i \u0111em ng\u00e2m trong n\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng 70-80oC<\/sup> trong 2-3 gi\u1edd, sau \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbt ra \u0111\u1ec3 ngu\u1ed9i, d\u00f9ng dao kh\u00eda \u0111\u00f4i v\u1ecf qu\u1ea3 t\u00e1ch l\u1ea5y h\u1ea1t. Ph\u1ea7n th\u1ecbt v\u1ecf qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0103n ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0m th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. H\u1ea1t \u0111em ph\u01a1i kh\u00f4 trong r\u00e2m, tho\u00e1ng gi\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb gieo. <\/p>\n

Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng: <\/i>qu\u1ea3 d\u00e0i 3-4cm, \u0111\u00ad\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 1,8-2cm, th\u00f4ng th\u00ad\u01b0\u1eddng 1kg h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 220-250 h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m cao nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 60%. <\/p>\n

B\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/i>: N\u1ebfu ch\u00ad\u01b0a gieo ngay c\u1ea7n tr\u1ed9n h\u1ea1t v\u1edbi c\u00e1t \u1ea9m theo t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 1 h\u1ea1t + 2 c\u00e1t, r\u1ed3i vun th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed1ng cao 30-40cm, \u0111\u1ec3 n\u01a1i kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o, th\u00f4ng tho\u00e1ng, phun \u1ea9m th\u01b0\u00ad\u1eddng xuy\u00ean. <\/p>\n

T\u1ea1o c\u00e2y con<\/h1>\n

\nTh\u1eddi v\u1ee5 gieo<\/i> <\/h2>\n

– Th\u00e1ng 10-11 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u1ee5 thu n\u0103m sau. <\/p>\n

– Th\u00e1ng 2-3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u1ee5 xu\u00e2n n\u0103m sau. <\/p>\n

\nX\u1eed l\u00fd h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/i> <\/h2>\n

Ng\u00e2m h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea5m t\u1eeb 30-40oC<\/sup> trong 8 gi\u1edd v\u1edbt ra, r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch, c\u00f3 2 c\u00e1ch \u1ee7 cho h\u1ea1t n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m: <\/p>\n

– Cho h\u1ea1t v\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u00fai v\u1ea3i, s\u1ee3i b\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ef1ng 1-2 kg, \u0111\u1ec3 n\u01a1i \u1ea5m, k\u00edn gi\u00f3, h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y r\u1eeda chua 2 l\u1ea7n (s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i). Sau 20 ng\u00e0y, h\u1ea1t n\u1ee9t nanh. Ta ch\u1ecdn h\u1ea1t \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ee9t nanh tra v\u00e0o b\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea5t, c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ch\u1ecdn cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi h\u1ebft h\u1ea1t n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m. <\/p>\n

– R\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ea1t tr\u00ean l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t pha (c\u00e1t non) r\u1ed3i l\u1ea5p d\u00e0y 2-3cm. Sau \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp c\u00e2y r\u00e0ng r\u00e0ng (\u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eed n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh) r\u1ed3i t\u00ad\u1edbi \u1ea9m h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y. Sau 15-20 ng\u00e0y h\u1ea1t n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m, ta ch\u1ecdn d\u1ea7n h\u1ea1t \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m tra v\u00e0o b\u1ea7u, c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u00ad\u1edbi \u1ea9m. <\/p>\n

Kinh nghi\u1ec7m nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, sau khi ng\u00e2m n\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbc, gieo tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n c\u00e1t \u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t pha, l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t, t\u1ee7 lu\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng r\u01a1m r\u1ea1 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng, t\u00ad\u1edbi \u1ea9m h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y. Sau 10-15 ng\u00e0y h\u1ea1t n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea5y v\u00e0o b\u1ea7u. <\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u01af\u01a1m c\u00e2y<\/b> <\/p>\n

– Khi c\u00e2y m\u1ea7m v\u00ad\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean kh\u1ecfi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t 4-6cm, l\u00e1 m\u1ea7m t\u1eeb v\u00e0ng nh\u1ea1t chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00e0u xanh l\u1ee5c nh\u1ea1t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea5y v\u00e0o b\u1ea7u. L\u00fac n\u00e0y c\u00e2y m\u1ea7m \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 r\u1ec5 c\u1ecdc d\u00e0i 5-6cm. <\/p>\n

– \u0110\u01b0\u00ad\u1eddng k\u00ednh b\u1ea7u 9cm d\u00e0i 18-20cm th\u1ee7ng \u0111\u00e1y. Ru\u1ed9t b\u1ea7u t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t m\u00f9n r\u1eebng hay \u0111\u1ea5t m\u00e0u th\u1ecbt nh\u1eb9, tr\u1ed9n th\u00eam 5-10% ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng hoai v\u00e0 1-2% supe l\u00e2n. <\/p>\n

– X\u1ebfp b\u1ea7u tr\u00ean lu\u1ed1ng. B\u1ea7u c\u00e1ch b\u1ea7u 5-6cm, x\u1ebfp \u0111\u00ad\u1ee3c 44 b\u1ea7u\/m2. M\u1ed9t lu\u1ed1ng 10m2 <\/sup>x\u1ebfp \u0111\u00ad\u01b0\u1ee3c 440 b\u1ea7u. V\u01b0\u00ad\u1eddn \u00ad\u01b0\u01a1m n\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed3i n\u01a1i quang tr\u1ed1ng, g\u1ea7n n\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbc, tr\u00e1nh h\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u00f3 b\u1eafc v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4ng b\u1eafc. <\/p>\n

– C\u1ea5y c\u00e2y v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng hay chi\u1ec1u m\u00e1t. C\u00e2y m\u1ea7m \u0111\u01b0\u00ad\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n \u1ea9m. D\u00f9ng bay nh\u1ecdn ch\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 \u1edf gi\u1eefa b\u1ea7u, cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 r\u1ec5 c\u00e2y v\u00e0o l\u1ed7 ch\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1ec5 c\u1ecdc th\u1eb3ng, v\u1eeba k\u00edn c\u1ed5 r\u1ec5. Sau \u0111\u00f3 d\u00f9ng bay \u00e9p ch\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t. C\u1ea5y xong ph\u1ea3i c\u1eafm r\u00e0ng che b\u00f3ng v\u00e0 t\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbi \u1ea9m. Nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y ti\u1ebfp theo t\u01b0\u1edbi h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y 4-6 l\u00edt\/m2<\/sup>. Sau m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n c\u00e2y con b\u00e9n r\u1ec5. <\/p>\n

Ch\u0103m s\u00f3c c\u00e2y \u01b0\u01a1m trong v\u01b0\u00ad\u1eddn qua 4 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sinh tr\u01b0\u00ad\u1edfng sau<\/i><\/b> <\/p>\n

– Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1:<\/i> T\u1eeb l\u00fac c\u00e2y c\u00f3 1 l\u00e1 m\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac c\u00e2y c\u00f3 l\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n (25-30 ng\u00e0y) c\u00e2y sinh tr\u01b0\u00ad\u1edfng ch\u1eadm, c\u1ea7n che b\u00f3ng, t\u01b0\u00ad\u1edbi \u1ea9m, ch\u00fa \u00fd ph\u00f2ng b\u1ec7nh th\u1ed1i c\u1ed5 r\u1ec5. <\/p>\n

– Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2:<\/i> T\u1eeb l\u00fac c\u00f3 l\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f3 l\u00e1 k\u00e9p \u1edf d\u1ea1ng 3 l\u00e1 ch\u00e9t (70-80 ng\u00e0y). C\u00e2y sinh tr\u01b0\u00ad\u1edfng nhanh, duy tr\u00ec t\u00ad\u1edbi \u1ea9m. T\u1ec9a th\u00ad\u01b0a b\u1edbt r\u00e0ng \u1edf lu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 t\u00f9y theo th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft m\u00e0 d\u1ee1 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c d\u1ee1 b\u1ecf to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 r\u00e0ng \u1edf cu\u1ed1i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n. T\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbi th\u00fac NPK h\u00f2a lo\u00e3ng v\u1edbi n\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 1%, t\u00ad\u1edbi 4-6 l\u00edt\/m2<\/sup>, sau khi t\u01b0\u1edbi th\u00fac l\u1ea1i r\u1eeda 1 l\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng n\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e3 4 l\u00edt\/m2<\/sup>. \u0110\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 10 ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n. <\/p>\n

– Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 3:<\/i> T\u1eeb l\u00fac c\u00f3 l\u00e1 k\u00e9p \u1edf d\u1ea1ng 3 ch\u00e9t \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac c\u00f3 l\u00e1 ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh 5-7 l\u00e1 ch\u00e9t (30-45) ng\u00e0y. Duy tr\u00ec t\u01b0\u00ad\u1edbi \u1ea9m v\u00e0 b\u00f3n t\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbi th\u00fac 15 ng\u00e0y 1 l\u1ea7n, t\u00ad\u1edbi 4-6 l\u00edt\/m2 <\/sup>NPK h\u00f2a t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 1,5%. <\/p>\n

– Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 4:<\/i> T\u1eeb l\u00fac c\u00f3 l\u00e1 th\u1eadt ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ebfn khi xu\u1ea5t v\u00ad\u01b0\u1eddn c\u1ea7n duy tr\u00ec t\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbi \u1ea9m, th\u00fac ph\u00e2n, ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh. Tr\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbc khi xu\u1ea5t v\u00ad\u01b0\u1eddn 1 th\u00e1ng kh\u00f4ng t\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbi th\u00fac ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00e3m c\u00e2y. <\/p>\n

Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng:<\/i>cao t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u 60-70cm, \u0111\u00ad\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh c\u1ed5 r\u1ec5 6-8mm, kh\u00f4ng cong queo, c\u1ee5t ng\u1ecdn, tu\u1ed5i c\u00e2y 7-8 th\u00e1ng. <\/p>\n

Tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y<\/h1>\n

– Ph\u00ad\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c tr\u1ed3ng<\/i>: Tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00e1m \u0111en l\u1ea5y qu\u1ea3 theo ph\u01b0\u00ad\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c n\u00f4ng l\u00e2m k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p. Hai ba n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u xen c\u00e2y n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p: l\u1ea1c, l\u00faa, \u0111\u1ed7, s\u1eafn… Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m sau xen c\u00e2y c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea1m nh\u01b0\u00ad c\u1ed1t kh\u00ed, \u0111\u1eadu thi\u1ec1u. <\/p>\n

– L\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t<\/i>: Ph\u00e1t h\u1ebft th\u1ef1c b\u00ec, thu g\u1ed7 r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ed1t. Cu\u1ed1c h\u1ed1 theo \u0111\u00ad\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1ee9c, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed h\u1ed1 so le nhau. K\u00edch th\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbc 40 x 40 x 40cm ho\u1eb7c 50 x 50 x 50cm. M\u1ed7i h\u1ed1 b\u00f3n l\u00f3t 1-2kg ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng hoai c\u00f3 tr\u1ed9n th\u00eam 0,05-0,1kg NPK. <\/p>\n

– M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng<\/i>: 400-500 c\u00e2y\/ha v\u1edbi c\u1ef1 li c\u00e2y c\u00e1ch c\u00e2y 4-5cm, h\u00e0ng c\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng 5m. <\/p>\n

– Th\u1eddi v\u1ee5<\/i>: V\u1ee5 Xu\u00e2n th\u00e1ng 2-3. V\u1ee5 Thu th\u00e1ng 7-8. <\/p>\n

– K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng<\/i>: v\u00e0o \u0111\u00fang v\u1ee5, ch\u1ecdn th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft r\u00e2m m\u00e1t, b\u1ee9ng c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng. D\u00f9ng cu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t b\u1ea7u v\u1eeba th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n mi\u1ec7ng h\u1ed1 1-1,5cm. Sau \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ea1ch v\u1ecf b\u1ea7u, r\u00fat nh\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea5t k\u00edn quanh b\u1ea7u, ch\u00fa \u00fd kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m v\u1ee1 b\u1ea7u. D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u00f9n quanh h\u1ed1 l\u1ea5p b\u1ea7u th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh mui r\u00f9a c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 0,6-0,8m; \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea5t t\u01a1i nh\u1ecf kh\u00f4ng s\u1ecfi \u0111\u00e1. <\/p>\n

Ch\u0103m s\u00f3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7<\/h1>\n

Ch\u0103m s\u00f3c c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng ba n\u0103m li\u1ec1n. <\/p>\n

– N\u0103m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t: Ph\u00e1t d\u1ecdn 2 l\u1ea7n + vun x\u1edbi g\u1ed1c 2 l\u1ea7n, x\u1edbi vun g\u1ed1c v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u00ad\u1eddng k\u00ednh 0,7-0,8m, tra d\u1eb7m cho \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e2u, b\u00f2, d\u00ea \u0103n l\u00e1, d\u1ebf, m\u1ed1i c\u1eafn c\u00e2y. <\/p>\n

– N\u0103m th\u1ee9 2: V\u1eabn ph\u00e1t 2 l\u1ea7n + x\u1edbi vun g\u1ed1c 2 l\u1ea7n, b\u00f3n th\u00fac 0,1 kg NPK\/c\u00e2y, tra d\u1eb7m cho \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9, ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh gia s\u00fac \u0103n l\u00e1, r\u1ec5, m\u1ed1i c\u1eafn c\u00e2y. <\/p>\n

– N\u0103m th\u1ee9 3: Ph\u00e1t d\u1ecdn 2 l\u1ea7n v\u00e0o v\u1ee5 Xu\u00e2n v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i Thu. M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u00ad\u1eddng k\u00ednh x\u1edbi, d\u00e3y c\u1ecf l\u00ean 1-1,2m, ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng gia s\u00fac \u0103n l\u00e1. <\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m th\u1ee9 5, c\u1ea7n t\u1ec9a b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng c\u00e0nh non s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh, x\u1edbi vun g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 b\u00f3n th\u00fac th\u00eam m\u1ed7i c\u00e2y 6-8 kg ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng + 1-2kg NPK \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t cho c\u00e2y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, ra hoa k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t, \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m th\u1ee9 6 c\u00e2y s\u1ebd c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 cho thu ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00ad\u01b0\u1ee3c 50 n\u0103m li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e2y c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u cao 25m. <\/p>\n

B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 nu\u00f4i d\u00ad\u01b0\u1ee1ng r\u1eebng<\/h1>\n

C\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ch\u1ed1ng gia s\u00fac v\u00e0 ng\u00ad\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1 h\u1ea1i r\u1eebng. Qua 3 n\u0103m r\u1eebng tr\u00e1m \u0111\u00e3 cao 4-5m. Khi r\u1eebng 6-7 tu\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ch\u1eb7t c\u00e2y x\u1ea5u, cong queo s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh. B\u00f3n th\u00eam ph\u00e2n: m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y b\u00f3n 6-8kg ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng + 2% NPK ho\u1eb7c 1-1,5kg NPK. B\u00f3n theo 3 h\u1ed1c c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec1u quanh g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y. <\/p>\n

(Ngu\u1ed3n: Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft. NXB N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, 2000, tr.26-33. Khoa h\u1ecdc C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 M\u00f4i tr\u00ad\u01b0\u1eddng H\u00e0 Nam, 2000, S\u1ed1 3, tr. 16-17) <\/i> <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tr\u00e1m \u0111en (Canarium nigrum engler)<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i
\nC\u00e2y g\u1ed7 l\u1edbn, cao 25-30m, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh t\u1edbi 90cm. Th\u00e2n th\u1eb3ng, ph\u00e2n c\u00e0nh cao. V\u1ecf m\u00e0u n\u00e2u nh\u1ea1t khi \u0111\u1ebdo ra c\u00f3 m\u1ee7 m\u00e0u \u0111en. To\u00e0n th\u00e2n c\u00f3 m\u00f9i th\u01a1m h\u1eafc. G\u1ed7 nh\u1eb9, m\u1ec1m, m\u00e0u x\u00e1m tr\u1eafng.
\nL\u00e1 k\u00e9p l\u00f4ng chim 1 l\u1ea7n l\u1ebb, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u00e1 k\u00e8m. L\u00e1 ch\u00e9t h\u00ecnh thu\u00f4n tr\u00e1i xoan, d\u00e0i 6-12cm, r\u1ed9ng 3-6cm, phi\u1ebfn c\u1ee9ng, r\u00f2n, m\u1eb7t tr\u00ean b\u00f3ng, m\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1eabm h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u0111u\u00f4i l\u00e1 h\u01a1i l\u1ec7ch. G\u00e2n b\u00ean 8-10 \u0111u\u00f4i. Cu\u1ed1ng l\u00e1 ch\u00e9t d\u00e0i 0,5cm.
\nHoa t\u1ef1 ch\u00f9m h\u00ecnh vi\u00ean thu\u1ef3, th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i h\u01a1n l\u00e1, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n nh\u1eb5n. Hoa m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng v\u00e0ng nh\u1ea1t, cu\u1ed1ng l\u00e1 b\u1eafc d\u1ea1ng v\u1ea3y, cu\u1ed1ng hoa d\u00e0i 1,5-2cm.
\nQu\u1ea3 h\u1ea1ch h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee9ng d\u00e0i, d\u00e0i 3,5-4,5cm, r\u1ed9ng 2-2,5cm, nh\u00e2n 3 \u00f4 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u. Khi ch\u00edn m\u00e0u t\u00edm \u0111en.
\nH\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng l\u00e1 c\u00e2y con thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec1u, t\u1eeb l\u00e1 x\u1ebb thu\u1ef3 l\u00ean l\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng m\u1edbi sinh l\u00e1 k\u00e9p nh\u01b0 c\u00e2y tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[21],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8643"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8643"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8643\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10121,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8643\/revisions\/10121"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8643"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8643"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8643"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}