{"id":8634,"date":"2005-11-15T03:44:38","date_gmt":"2005-11-14T20:44:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/2005\/11\/quy-trinh-ky-thuat-trong-rung-phi-lao\/"},"modified":"2013-10-06T09:00:00","modified_gmt":"2013-10-06T02:00:00","slug":"quy-trinh-ky-thuat-trong-rung-phi-lao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/quy-trinh-ky-thuat-trong-rung-phi-lao\/","title":{"rendered":"Quy tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng phi lao"},"content":{"rendered":"

Quy tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng phi lao<\/b> <\/p>\n

(Casuarina equisetifolia <\/i>Forst)<\/b> <\/p>\n

Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng I <\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n chung <\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u 1: Quy tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng Phi lao ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 ven bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi g\u1ed7 c\u1ee7i. <\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u 2: Quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1eeb kh\u00e2u t\u1ea1o c\u00e2y con cho \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c, nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 r\u1eebng nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9. <\/p>\n

Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng II <\/p>\n

Ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh g\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng <\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u 3: \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u1eadu <\/p>\n

– Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed trung b\u00ecnh n\u0103m t\u1eeb 24-270<\/sup>C. <\/p>\n

– L\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a trung b\u00ecnh n\u0103m t\u1eeb 700-2000mm. <\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 60-80% theo gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trung b\u00ecnh th\u00e1ng trong n\u0103m. <\/p>\n

– M\u00f9a kh\u00f4 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i 6-7 th\u00e1ng\/n\u0103m. <\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u 4: \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai <\/p>\n

Phi lao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ed1t tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1eeb c\u00e1t \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1t pha, th\u1ecbt pha c\u00e1t, th\u1ecbt nh\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ebfn trung b\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ea5t x\u1ea5u v\u00e0 tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9 pH t\u1eeb 6,5-7 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t Phi lao c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1eb7n ven bi\u1ec3n. <\/p>\n

Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng III <\/p>\n

T\u1ea1o c\u00e2y con <\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u 5: Ch\u1ecdn c\u00e2y m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y gi\u1ed1ng <\/p>\n

C\u00e2y m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ebf l\u1ea5y gi\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i t\u1eeb 8-15 n\u0103m, cao tr\u00ean 12m, c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngang ng\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1t tr\u00ean 15cm, th\u00e2n tr\u00f2n, th\u1eb3ng, t\u00e1n c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh. <\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u 6: Thu h\u00e1i v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn h\u1ea1t <\/p>\n

Phi lao ra hoa v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 3-4 v\u00e0 ch\u00edn v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 9-10. Khi qu\u1ea3 ch\u00edn v\u1ecf qu\u1ea3 chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb m\u00e0u xanh sang m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng m\u01a1, n\u00e2u th\u1eabm l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu h\u00e1i. Ch\u1ecdn nh\u1eefng qu\u1ea3 to, m\u1eaft to \u0111\u1ec3 thu h\u00e1i. Qu\u1ea3 thu h\u00e1i v\u1ec1 \u1ee7 th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed1ng, sau 2 ng\u00e0y qu\u1ea3 ch\u00edn \u0111\u1ec1u r\u1ea3i qu\u1ea3 ra ph\u01a1i tr\u00ean nong, ch\u1ec9 thu h\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch ra trong hai n\u1eafng \u0111\u1ea7u. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u01a1i h\u1ea1t ra n\u1ec1n xi m\u0103ng v\u00ec h\u1ea1t Phi lao c\u00f3 d\u1ea7u. H\u1ea1t sau khi ph\u01a1i kh\u00f4 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch cho v\u00e0o chum, v\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eady k\u00edn. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n t\u1ed1t th\u00ec gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t h\u1ea1t t\u1eeb 6-10 th\u00e1ng. 1kg h\u1ea1t trung b\u00ecnh c\u00f3 500.000 h\u1ea1t, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m sau khi thu h\u00e1i l\u00e1 50%. <\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u 7: Ch\u1ecdn v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m <\/p>\n

V\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecdn \u1edf n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t pha, s\u00e2u, \u1ea9m, tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed g\u1ea7n ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc, g\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u00e2y con \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i. <\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u 8: \u0110\u1ea5t v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0y b\u1eeba ph\u01a1i \u1ea3i, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1eadp nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 d\u1ecdn s\u1ea1ch c\u1ecf v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m, r\u1ec5 c\u00e2y r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi l\u00ean lu\u1ed1ng gieo. Lu\u1ed1ng gieo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean cao 20cm, r\u1ed9ng 1m, chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m. Lu\u1ed1ng gieo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00f3n l\u00f3t 5kg ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng hoai cho 1m2<\/sup>, n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea5t x\u1ea5u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u00f3n 7-10kg\/m2<\/sup>. <\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u 9: X\u1eed l\u00fd h\u1ea1t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi gieo <\/p>\n

H\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00e2m trong n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng 40-450<\/sup>C trong th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb 6-8 gi\u1edd, sau \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbt ra d\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea5m r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 cho v\u00e0o t\u00fai v\u1ea3i s\u1ea1ch treo cho r\u00e1o n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed3i \u0111em \u1ee7 \u1ea5m trong r\u01a1m r\u1ea1 (1 t\u00fai \u0111\u1ef1ng t\u1eeb 0,5-1kg h\u1ea1t). H\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y r\u1eeda chua cho h\u1ea1t b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea5m1 l\u1ea7n r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i \u0111em \u1ee7 nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean. Kho\u1ea3ng 2-3 ng\u00e0y sau khi \u1ee7 h\u1ea1t n\u1ee9t nanh th\u00ec \u0111em gieo. <\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u 10: Gieo h\u1ea1t <\/p>\n

H\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed9n th\u00eam c\u00e1t m\u1ecbn \u0111\u1ec3 gieo, d\u00f9ng s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 gieo r\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ea1t tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t lu\u1ed1ng. Gieo 1kg h\u1ea1t tr\u00ean 80-100m2<\/sup>, gieo xong s\u00e0ng m\u1ed9t l\u1edbpc\u00e1t m\u1ecbn d\u00e0y 2-3cm \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5p h\u1ea1t. Sau khi gieo ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eb9 r\u1ed3i d\u00f9ng r\u01a1m r\u1ea1 \u0111\u00e3 ng\u00e2m trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f4i lo\u00e3ng ph\u01a1i kh\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 che t\u1ee7 m\u1eb7t lu\u1ed1ng r\u1ed3i gieo. R\u1eafc v\u00f4i b\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u ho\u1ea3 xung quanh lu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng ki\u1ebfn \u0103n h\u1ea1t. <\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u 11: Ch\u0103m s\u00f3c lu\u1ed1ng gieo <\/p>\n

H\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee7 \u1ea9m v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i ki\u1ec3m tra, khi th\u1ea5y h\u1ea1t n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i r\u1ee1 b\u1ecf l\u1edbp che t\u1ee7 ngay. Sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u1eafm r\u00e0ng r\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m d\u00e0n che cho c\u00e2y con b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 che b\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1t 40-50%. Khi c\u00e2y con \u0111\u1ea1t chi\u1ec1u cao t\u1eeb 5-6cm th\u01b0\u1eddng hay b\u1ecb d\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c s\u00e2u x\u00e1m c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t ngang th\u00e2n v\u00e0o l\u00fac h\u1eedng s\u00e1ng do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u01a1m di\u1ec7t v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y. Khi c\u00f3 n\u1ea5m c\u1ed5 r\u1ec5 l\u00e0m cho c\u00e2y ch\u1ebft h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t d\u00f9ng Boc\u0111\u00f4 0,5% phun 1 l\u00edt\/4 m2<\/sup>. \u0110\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 10-15 ng\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m c\u1ecf v\u00e0 s\u1edbi v\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t lu\u1ed1ng 1 l\u1ea7n. <\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u 12: Phi lao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p: tr\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e2y c\u00f3 b\u1ea7u v\u00e0 tr\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e2y r\u1ec5 tr\u1ea7n <\/p>\n

– C\u1ea5y c\u00e2y v\u00e0o b\u1ea7u: D\u00f9ng t\u00fai b\u00e0u nilon k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc 8x12cm \u0111\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i c\u00e2y trong 6 th\u00e1ng; k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc 15x25cm \u0111\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i c\u00e2y trong 12 th\u00e1ng. H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p ru\u1ed9t b\u1ea7u 89% \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t pha + 10% ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng hoai + 1% super l\u00e2n theo tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. \u0110\u00f3ng b\u1ea7u v\u00e0 x\u1ebfp b\u1ea7u l\u00ean g\u1edd lu\u1ed1ng, song ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0\u1edbi \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1y b\u1ea7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00e1y c\u00e2y. C\u00e2y gieo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 60-90 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea1t chi\u1ec1u cao 10-12cm c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1ed5 c\u00e2y c\u1ea5y v\u00e0o b\u1ea7u, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi nh\u1ed5 c\u00e2y ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbccho lu\u1ed1ng gieo. Sau khi nh\u1ed5 c\u00e2y ph\u1ea3i h\u1ed3 r\u1ec5 b\u1eb1ng dung d\u1ecbch b\u00f9n + ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng hoai pha lo\u00e3ng. <\/p>\n

– C\u1ea5y c\u00e2y v\u00e0o lu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o r\u1ec5 tr\u1ea7n. Lu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea5y c\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 lu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 gieo c\u00e2y, sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee7 \u1ea9m cho lu\u1ed1ng r\u1ed3i b\u1ee9ng c\u00e2y v\u00e0 c\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 c\u1ea5y c\u00e2y v\u00e0o b\u1ea7u. C\u1ef1 ly c\u1ea5y tr\u00ean lu\u1ed1ng 20x20cm ho\u1eb7c 25x25cm. <\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u 13: Ch\u0103m s\u00f3c c\u00e2y con <\/p>\n

Sau khi c\u1ea5y ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m d\u00e0n che b\u00f3ng cho c\u00e2y, d\u00e0n che b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m cao 0,8-1m, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 che b\u00f3ng t\u1eeb 40-50%. H\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee7 \u1ea9m cho c\u00e2y, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u1edbi tu\u1ef3 theo \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y m\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 l\u00e0m c\u1ecf ph\u00e1 v\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t b\u1ea7u v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t lu\u1ed1ng, b\u00f3n th\u00fac ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng hoai 3-5kg\/m2<\/sup> b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ho\u00e0 ph\u00e2n v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed3i t\u01b0\u1edbi cho c\u00e2y 1-2 l\u1ea7n trong su\u1ed1t th\u1eddi gian nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y (l\u1ea7n 1 sau khi c\u1ea5y 30 ng\u00e0y, l\u1ea7n 2 sau khi c\u1ea5y 60 ng\u00e0y). Sau khi c\u1ea5y 60-90 ng\u00e0y th\u00ec b\u1ecf d\u00e0n che. M\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c c\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u1eebng l\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1ed3ng 1-2 th\u00e1ng. <\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u 14: Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00e2y con <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Quy tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng phi lao
\n(Casuarina equisetifolia Forst)
\nCh\u01b0\u01a1ng I
\n\u0110i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n chung
\n\u0110i\u1ec1u 1: Quy tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng Phi lao ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 ven bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi g\u1ed7 c\u1ee7i.
\n\u0110i\u1ec1u 2: Quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1eeb kh\u00e2u t\u1ea1o c\u00e2y con cho \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c, nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 r\u1eebng nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng II
\nHo\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh g\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng
\n\u0110i\u1ec1u 3: \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u1eadu
\n– Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed trung b\u00ecnh n\u0103m t\u1eeb 24-270C.
\n– L\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a trung b\u00ecnh n\u0103m t\u1eeb 700-2000mm.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[21],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8634"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8634"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8634\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10119,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8634\/revisions\/10119"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8634"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8634"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8634"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}