{"id":8625,"date":"2009-03-24T02:33:20","date_gmt":"2009-03-23T19:33:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/2009\/03\/vuon-giong-tram-melaleuca\/"},"modified":"2019-09-25T10:08:01","modified_gmt":"2019-09-25T03:08:01","slug":"vuon-giong-tram-melaleuca","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/vuon-giong-tram-melaleuca\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u01b0\u1eddn gi\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0m (Melaleuca)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb H\u1ea3i H\u1ed3ng<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7n Khoa H\u1ecdc L\u00e2m Nghi\u1ec7p Nam b\u1ed9<\/em><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/em><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea5t ng\u1eadp ph\u00e8n l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u1edf n\u00ad\u1edbc ta (1,6 tri\u1ec7u ha). C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u nay c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 Tr\u00e0m (Melaleuca cajuputi<\/em>) v\u00e0 \u0110\u00ad\u1edbc (Rhizophora apiculata<\/em> v\u00e0 Rh. mucronata<\/em>). Trong \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e2y Tr\u00e0m l\u00e0 c\u00e2y ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n tr\u1ed3ng cho c\u1ea3 v\u00f9ng. Lo\u00e0i Tr\u00e0m M. cajuputi <\/em>c\u1ee7a ta th\u00ad\u1eddng sinh tr\u00ad\u1edfng ch\u1eadm, trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y to nh\u1ea5t \u1edf v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long ch\u1ec9 cao 15m v\u1edbi \u0111\u00ad\u1eddng k\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 30cm (U Minh) v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y g\u1ed7 l\u00e0m c\u1ecdc c\u1eeb v\u00e0 l\u00e0m c\u1ee7i.<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1993, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00ad\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nh\u00ad kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m cho m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i Tr\u00e0m M. leucadendra<\/em> (nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n h\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a CSIRO, \u00fac), d\u1ef1 \u00e1n T\u1ee9 gi\u00e1c Long Xuy\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m th\u00eam m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i m\u1edbi, v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ACIAR 9115 (ph\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 “X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m lo\u00e0i\/xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a Melaleuca<\/em> v\u00e0 Asterommyrtus<\/em> \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t g\u1ed7 v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c tinh d\u1ea7u \u1edf \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long”), m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 gi\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1 ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i Tr\u00e0m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00ad\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ea1i C\u00e0 Mau v\u00e0 Long An do Ph\u00e2n vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Nam B\u1ed9 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a CSIRO ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh. \u0110\u1ebfn nay, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ed1ng Tr\u00e0m m\u1edbi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t cao trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea5t ph\u00e8n kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00ada v\u00e0o g\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n t\u00edch r\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

Do v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00ad\u1eddn gi\u1ed1ng Tr\u00e0m l\u00e0 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft nh\u1eb1m s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng ch\u1ea5t l\u00ad\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh di truy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00ad\u1ee3c tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 gi\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 lai t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n gi\u1ed1ng sau n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

1. \u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ra hoa k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3<\/strong><\/p>\n

C\u00e2y Tr\u00e0m tr\u1ed3ng t\u1eeb c\u00e2y gh\u00e9p th\u00ec v\u00e0o n\u0103m th\u1ee9 hai \u0111\u00e3 ra hoa \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m th\u1ee9 3 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu h\u00e1i h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e2y Tr\u00e0m tr\u1ed3ng t\u1eeb h\u1ea1t th\u00ec v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 4 n\u0103m tu\u1ed5i m\u1edbi ra hoa k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2y Tr\u00e0m ra hoa \u1edf ph\u00eda ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a t\u00e1n c\u00e2y v\u00e0 \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u00e0nh m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ra hoa k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 di\u1ec5n ra quanh n\u0103m nh\u00adng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ra hoa r\u1ed9 trong n\u0103m th\u00ec kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y theo t\u1eebng lo\u00e0i. Qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i tr\u00ean c\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i n\u0103m v\u00e0 h\u1ea1t kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb r\u01a1i ra ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eeb khi c\u00e2y b\u1ecb kh\u00f4, g\u00e3y ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb ch\u00e1y.<\/p>\n

Hoa Tr\u00e0m l\u00ad\u1ee1ng t\u00ednh, th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu nh\u1edd c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 l\u00fac hoa \u0111\u1ecdng m\u1eadt l\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 1&2 : Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ra hoa k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a 3 lo\u00e0i Tr\u00e0m t\u1ea1i Th\u1ea1nh Ho\u00e1, Long An.<\/p>\n

2. Ch\u1ecdn v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u00ad\u1eddn gi\u1ed1ng<\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u00ad\u1eddn gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00ad\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u00ad\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh cho c\u1ea3 v\u00f9ng, thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng khu \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh vu\u00f4ng hay ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt, b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng, thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u00ad\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft hay s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 n\u00ean c\u00e1ch xa nh\u1eefng khu r\u1eebng xung quanh c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y v\u1edbi v\u00ad\u1eddn gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ngu\u1ed3n ph\u1ea5n hoa ngo\u00e0i mong mu\u1ed1n. Trong tr\u00ad\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c khu r\u1eebng xung quanh v\u00ad\u1eddn gi\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y c\u00f9ng lo\u00e0i th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ed3ng nh\u1eefng h\u00e0ng c\u00e2y b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y kh\u00e1c nh\u00ad B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n.<\/p>\n

Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch v\u00ad\u1eddn gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00ad\u1ee3c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng, nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u00ad\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u00ad\u1eddn gi\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb di\u1ec7n t\u00edch.<\/p>\n

3. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u00e2y trong v\u00ad\u1eddn gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00ad\u1ee3c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed xa nhau v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho c\u00e0nh v\u00e0 t\u00e1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1ed9ng ra \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00ad\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t t\u1ed1i \u0111a. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u00f9y theo s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u00ad\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e0nh v\u00e0 t\u00e1n c\u00e2y m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u00e2y cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ec9a th\u00ada.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3ng 1 : S\u1ed1 l\u00ad\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch c\u00e2y gi\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i v\u00ad\u1eddn gi\u1ed1ng \u1edf tr\u1ea1m Th\u1ea1nh H\u00f3a, Long An.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
Tr\u1ed3ng<\/strong><\/td>\nSau khi t\u1ec9a th\u00ada l\u1ea7n 1<\/strong><\/td>\nSau khi t\u1ec9a th\u00ada l\u1ea7n 2<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
S\u1ed1 c\u00e2y\/ha<\/strong><\/td>\nKho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch<\/strong><\/p>\n

(m)<\/strong><\/td>\n

S\u1ed1 c\u00e2y\/ha<\/strong><\/td>\nKho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch<\/strong><\/p>\n

(m)<\/strong><\/td>\n

S\u1ed1 c\u00e2y\/ha<\/strong><\/td>\nKho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch<\/strong><\/p>\n

(m)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

2.668<\/td>\n1,73 x 1,73<\/td>\n1.008<\/td>\n2,73 x 2,73<\/td>\n544<\/td>\n3,9 x 3,9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

S\u1ed1 l\u00ad\u1ee3ng d\u00f2ng l\u00fd t\u00ad\u1edfng cho m\u1ed7i lo\u00e0i \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 25 d\u00f2ng.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1ch b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed c\u00e2y gi\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i d\u00f2ng sao cho l\u00e0m t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng giao ph\u1ea5n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ed1i \u0111a s\u1ef1 th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n c\u00f9ng d\u00f2ng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00ad\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec nh\u00ad v\u1eady ngay c\u1ea3 sau khi t\u1ec9a th\u00ada.<\/p>\n

4. T\u1ea1o v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u tr\u1ed3ng<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e2y gi\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecdn c\u00e2y m\u1eb9 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ch\u1ed3i c\u00e2y c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u00ad\u1ee3ng cao. C\u00e2y m\u1eb9 \u0111\u00ad\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn t\u00f9y theo m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 trong tr\u00ad\u1eddng h\u1ee3p mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ecdn c\u00e2y sinh tr\u00ad\u1edfng nhanh, th\u00e2n th\u1eb3ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0m c\u1eeb th\u00ec ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u1ecdn c\u00e2y m\u1eb9 nh\u00ad sau :<\/p>\n

– Th\u00e2n th\u1eb3ng<\/p>\n

– Chi\u1ec1u cao d\u00ad\u1edbi t\u00e1n cao<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u00ad\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1edbn<\/p>\n

– Chi\u1ec1u cao c\u00e2y cao<\/p>\n

– C\u00e2y sai qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00ad\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng : \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u00ad\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gh\u00e9p n\u00eam \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o c\u00e2y gh\u00e9p l\u00e0m c\u00e2y gi\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

5. Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/strong><\/p>\n

– Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb tr\u00ad\u1edbc khi tr\u1ed3ng : ph\u00e1t d\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng, \u0111\u00e0o m\u00ad\u01a1ng l\u00ean l\u00edp v\u1eeba c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m t\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea5t v\u1eeba r\u1eeda ph\u00e8n, treo b\u1ea3ng ghi lo\u00e0i v\u00e0 m\u00e3 s\u1ed1 d\u00f2ng tr\u00ean t\u1eebng c\u00e2y gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u1eafm c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng ghi nh\u00ad v\u1eady t\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed tr\u1ed3ng theo s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3.<\/p>\n

– Tr\u1ed3ng: c\u00e2y \u0111\u00ad\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m sau l\u0169 khi m\u1ef1c n\u00ad\u1edbc x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00edp, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00ad\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0o h\u1ed1 (k\u00edch th\u00ad\u1edbc 50 x 50 x 50 cm) c\u00f3 b\u00f3n l\u00f3t ph\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

– Ch\u0103m s\u00f3c sau khi tr\u1ed3ng :<\/p>\n

+ Trong th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e2y gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00ad\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o b\u1eb1ng ph\u00ad\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gh\u00e9p r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb gi\u00f3 m\u1ea1nh l\u00e0m g\u00e3y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 t\u1ea1i m\u1ed1i gh\u00e9p. V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u00e2y con ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00ad\u1ee3c ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee1 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

+ C\u1eaft b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ch\u1ed3i non ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb g\u1ed1c gh\u00e9p.<\/p>\n

+ M\u00e3 s\u1ed1 t\u1eebng c\u00e2y gi\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00ad\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3.<\/p>\n

+ Tr\u1ed3ng d\u1eb7m l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

– L\u1eadp h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 ghi ch\u00e9p c\u00e2y gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u0103ng tr\u00ad\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y, s\u1ed1 l\u00ad\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng thu h\u00e1i \u0111\u00ad\u1ee3c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c.<\/p>\n

6. Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00ad\u1eddn gi\u1ed1ng, l\u1ecbch l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i v\u00ad\u1eddn gi\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00ad\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i v\u00ad\u1eddn gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u00ad\u1eddng xung quanh nh\u00ad \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai, l\u00ad\u1ee3ng m\u00ada, gi\u00f3, th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i, \u2026. L\u1ecbch m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 n\u1ed9i dung c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t, tr\u1ed3ng, l\u00e0m c\u1ecf, b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n, ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i, t\u1ec9a th\u00ada, thu h\u00e1i, \u2026 v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3ng 2 : L\u1ecbch l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i v\u00ad\u1eddn gi\u1ed1ng Tr\u00e0m t\u1ea1i Th\u1ea1nh Ho\u00e1, Long An.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

7. Thu h\u00e1i h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u1edfv\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long, c\u00e2y Tr\u00e0m ra hoa k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 quanh n\u0103m nh\u00adng t\u1eadp trung thu h\u00e1i v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 3\u20144 l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t khi v\u1ecf qu\u1ea3 chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00e0u m\u1ed1c x\u00e1m. C\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00edn c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t l\u00e0 c\u1eaft tr\u00e1i ra, nh\u00ecn l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00e0u x\u1eadm, h\u01a1i c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 h\u1ea1t \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n h\u1eb3n sang m\u00e0u c\u00e1nh d\u00e1n t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 h\u1ea1t \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00edn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu h\u00e1i \u0111\u00ad\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1ch thu h\u00e1i t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng tay vu\u1ed1t qu\u1ea3 hay c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng dao ho\u1eb7c k\u00e9o c\u1eaft c\u00e0nh chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng c\u1eaft nh\u1eefng c\u00e0nh mang qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00edn. Sau \u0111\u00f3, t\u00e1ch h\u1ea1t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111em ph\u01a1i d\u00ad\u1edbi \u00e1nh n\u1eafng kho\u1ea3ng 2 ng\u00e0y, qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4 t\u1ef1 n\u1ee9t v\u00e0 h\u1ea1t s\u1ebd r\u01a1i ra ngo\u00e0i. Ch\u00fa \u00fd kh\u00f4ng ph\u01a1i h\u1ea1t \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i c\u00f3 gi\u00f3 m\u1ea1nh v\u00ec h\u1ea1t Tr\u00e0m r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 bay.<\/p>\n

Sau khi h\u1ea1t Tr\u00e0m \u0111\u00ad\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch ra, d\u00f9ng r\u00e2y c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u00ad\u1edbc l\u1ed7 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p (kho\u1ea3ng 0.4mm) \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t ra ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

H\u1ea1t sau khi thu h\u00e1i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00ad\u1ee3c ph\u01a1i kh\u00f4, cho v\u00e0o t\u00fai nh\u1ef1a b\u1ecbt k\u00edn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 n\u01a1i kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o, tho\u00e1ng m\u00e1t, c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng d\u1ee5ng trong tr\u00ad\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea5t tr\u1eef h\u1ea1t trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn (trong v\u00f2ng v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng). Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea5t tr\u1eef h\u1ea1t trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i h\u01a1n th\u00ec h\u1ea1t n\u00ean \u0111\u00ad\u1ee3c l\u00e0m kh\u00f4 b\u1eb1ng silical gel (\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t c\u00f2n 3\u20145%) v\u00e0 tr\u1eef l\u1ea1nh \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 3\u201450<\/sup>C. V\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y th\u1eddi gian c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1eef h\u1ea1t l\u00e0 tr\u00ean 3 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

8. Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t<\/strong><\/p>\n

Theo \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3, ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a l\u00f4 h\u1ea1t, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 tr\u00ad\u1edbc khi gieo \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00ad\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e2y con c\u1ee7a l\u00f4 h\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1ch th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ea1t Tr\u00e0m l\u00e0 c\u00e2n 0,01gram h\u1ea1t, r\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u00ean \u0111\u0129a petri c\u00f3 l\u00f3t gi\u1ea5y th\u1ea5m \u00ad\u1edbt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfm s\u1ed1 l\u00ad\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m trong v\u00f2ng 20 ng\u00e0y. T\u1eeb s\u1ed1 l\u00ad\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m\/0,01gram h\u1ea1t trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho bi\u1ebft kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e2y con c\u1ee7a l\u00f4 h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 l\u00ad\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. Th\u00f4ng th\u00ad\u1eddng s\u1ed1 l\u00ad\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n cho v\u00ad\u1eddn \u00ad\u01a1m ph\u1ea3i g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i so v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u00ad\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00ad\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 3&4 : M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u00ad\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ch\u00fa th\u00edch : <\/em><\/p>\n

Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 3: – 7V05, 7A05 : M. cajuputi<\/em> (xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 An Giang-Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 Kuru\u2013Papua New Guinea).<\/p>\n

– 1208, 1201: M. leucadendra <\/em>(xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 Kuru\u2013Papua New Guinea v\u00e0 Weipa Qlld\u2013 Australia).<\/p>\n

– 1704 : M. viridiflora (xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 Cambridge \u2013 Western Australia)<\/p>\n

Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 4 : 20\/30 v\u00e0 15\/35oC v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian t\u00ad\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng 8\/16gi\u1edd trong ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. \u0110\u1ed7 Nguy\u00ean B\u1ea3n<\/p>\n

Ngh\u1ec1 l\u00e2m sinh, n\u0103m 2000, NXB Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

2. Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Hi\u1ec3n, Ch\u1ee7 bi\u00ean<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng, n\u0103m 2000, NXB Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

3. L\u00ea \u0110\u00ecnh Kh\u1ea3, Ch\u1ee7 bi\u00ean<\/p>\n

K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y r\u1eebng (t\u1eadp 2), NXB N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, n\u0103m 1997.<\/p>\n

4. Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng Ngh\u0129a<\/p>\n

Nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng v\u00f4 t\u00ednh v\u00e0 tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng d\u00f2ng v\u00f4 t\u00ednh, NXB N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, n\u0103m 2001.<\/p>\n

5. ROY FAULKNER<\/p>\n

Seed Orchards (A joint production by specialist members of the International Union of Forest Research Organization\u2019s Working Party on Seed Orchards (S2.03.3)), in 1975, London: Her Majesty\u2019s Stationery Office.<\/p>\n

6. IAN NAPIER and MARCUS ROBBINS<\/p>\n

Forest Seed and Nursery Practice in Nepal, in 1989, Nepal-UK Forestry Research Project.<\/p>\n

7. D. B. MACKAY, F. ADER, A. G. GORDON and C. HUTIN<\/p>\n

Seed Science and Technology (Volume 7 Number 1 1979), International Seed Testing Association.<\/p>\n

8. KIRSTEN THOMSEN<\/p>\n

Handling of Desiccation and temperature sensitive tree seeds, Technical note No. 56, DFSC Technical Note 57 \u2013 Septemper 2000, Danida Forest Seed Centre.<\/p>\n

9. T. D. HONG and R. H. ELLIS<\/p>\n

A protocol to determine seed storage behaviour, in 1996, International Plant Genetic Resources Institute Technical Bulletin No. 1.<\/p>\n

10. T.D. HONG, S. LININGTON and R.H. ELLIS<\/p>\n

Compendium of Information on Seed Storage Behaviour, in 1996, International<\/p>\n

Plant Genetic Resources Institute.<\/p>\n

SUMMARY<\/strong><\/p>\n

The establishment of Melaleuca<\/em> seed orchard is utterly necessary aimed at production of good quality seed ensuring the genetic characteristics inherited from selected clones, timely serving the seed demand for forest planting and at the same time providing a base for continued research on breeding and tree improvement later on.<\/p>\n

In this part there presented techniques for Melaleuca<\/em> seed orchard establishment and management on acid sulphate solid from establishment step to seed collection based on experiences from seed orchard establishment in Thanh Hoa, Long An province together with some experimental results of flowering and fruiting observation, Melaleuca<\/em> seed storage, serving effective management of seed orchard management.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng sông C\u1eedu Long là vùng có di\u1ec7n tích \u0111\u1ea5t ng\u1eadp phèn l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u1edf n­\u1edbc ta (1,6 tri\u1ec7u ha). Các loài cây truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng lâu nay c\u1ee7a vùng này là Tràm (Melaleuca cajuputi) và \u0110­\u1edbc (Rhizophora apiculata và Rh. mucronata). Trong \u0111ó, cây Tràm là cây ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n tr\u1ed3ng cho c\u1ea3 vùng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[18],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8625"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8625"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8625\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19276,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8625\/revisions\/19276"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8625"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8625"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8625"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}