{"id":8610,"date":"2009-03-24T02:27:53","date_gmt":"2009-03-23T19:27:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/2009\/03\/dac-diem-sinh-ly-va-phuong-phap-bao-quan-hat-gioi-michelia-mediocris-dandy\/"},"modified":"2019-09-25T10:11:45","modified_gmt":"2019-09-25T03:11:45","slug":"dac-diem-sinh-ly-va-phuong-phap-bao-quan-hat-gioi-michelia-mediocris-dandy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/dac-diem-sinh-ly-va-phuong-phap-bao-quan-hat-gioi-michelia-mediocris-dandy\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m sinh l\u00fd v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n h\u1ea1t Gi\u1ed5i (Michelia mediocris Dandy)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nguy\u1ec5n Huy S\u01a1n<\/strong> <\/em><\/p>\n

Nguy\u1ec5n Tu\u1ea5n H\u01b0ng<\/em><\/h2>\n

Vi\u1ec7n KHLN Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/em><\/p>\n

Gi\u1ed5i (Michelia mediocris<\/em> Dandy) l\u00e0 c\u00e2y g\u1ed7 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf cao, th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ecdc h\u1ed7n lo\u00e0i trong r\u1eebng l\u00e1 r\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xanh. G\u1ed7 Gi\u1ed5i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trang tr\u00ed n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t, l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ed9c gia d\u1ee5ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ed9c cao c\u1ea5p. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ec9nh trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 L\u00e0o Cai, Y\u00ean B\u00e1i, Thanh Ho\u00e1, Ngh\u1ec7 An, H\u00e0 T\u0129nh, Gia lai, Kon Tum, … Hi\u1ec7n nay ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n \u1edf trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c r\u1eebng c\u1ea5m. Trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u1ed3ng m\u1edbi 5 tri\u1ec7u ha r\u1eebng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2001-2010, Gi\u1ed5i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

H\u1ea1t Gi\u1ed5i r\u1ea5t nhanh m\u1ea5t s\u1ee9c n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m. Theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng (b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n \u1edf n\u01a1i r\u00e2m m\u00e1t) ch\u1ec9 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 2-3 th\u00e1ng. Gi\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e2y sai qu\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean, th\u01b0\u1eddng 2-3 n\u0103m m\u1edbi c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t chu k\u1ef3 sai qu\u1ea3. \u0110\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p gi\u1ed1ng cho c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng h\u00e0ng n\u0103m c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ngu\u1ed3n gen c\u00e2y r\u1eebng n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 lo\u00e0i Gi\u1ed5i n\u00f3i ri\u00eang, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m sinh l\u00fd v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng cho lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y n\u00e0y l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/em><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u sinh l\u00fd v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n h\u1ea1t Gi\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 10\/2000 t\u1ea1i Trung t\u00e2m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y r\u1eebng, sau g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t n\u0103m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1ng kh\u00edch l\u1ec7<\/p>\n

1. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u.<\/strong><\/p>\n

1.1. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

H\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu h\u00e1i t\u1eeb 30-50 c\u00e2y m\u1eb9 trong Khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean Xu\u00e2n S\u01a1n, huy\u1ec7n Thanh S\u01a1n, t\u1ec9nh Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa th\u00e1ng 10\/2000. C\u00e1c c\u00e2y m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh t\u1eeb 30-50cm, chi\u1ec1u cao t\u1eeb 20-25m. Sau 2 ng\u00e0y ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n 90 kg h\u1ea1t c\u00f2n c\u1ea3 l\u1edbp v\u1ecf th\u1ecbt \u0111\u00e3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ea7n 30 kg h\u1ea1t s\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n

1.2. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

– Thu h\u00e1i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tr\u00e8o h\u00e1i qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00edn \u1edf tr\u00ean c\u00e2y, sau \u0111\u00f3 d\u00f9ng dao \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch h\u1ea1t ra kh\u1ecfi v\u1ecf qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

– H\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch ra kh\u1ecfi v\u1ecf qu\u1ea3 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp v\u1ecf th\u1ecbt m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf. T\u00e1ch h\u1ea1t ra kh\u1ecfi l\u1edbp v\u1ecf th\u1ecbt n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ng\u00e2m trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, d\u00f9ng tay s\u00e1t m\u1ea1nh h\u1ea1t v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh r\u1ed5 tre. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn, h\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00e2m trong n\u01b0\u1edbc kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 4-5 gi\u1edd. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00f2n ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn h\u1ea1t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng dao c\u1ea1o l\u1edbp v\u1ecf th\u1ecbt kh\u00f4ng ng\u00e2m trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng .<\/p>\n

– T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gieo h\u1ea1t tr\u00ean khay \u0111\u1ef1ng c\u00e1t \u1ea9m \u0111\u1eb7t trong nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch r\u00fat ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean 100 h\u1ea1t, d\u00f9ng c\u00e2n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u00e2n ri\u00eang t\u1eebng h\u1ea1t tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau khi s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4 \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 1050<\/sup>C trong 17 gi\u1edd. \u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c sau:<\/p>\n

P1 <\/sub>– P2<\/sub><\/p>\n

%MC = ——– x 100%<\/p>\n

P1<\/sub><\/p>\n

Trong \u0111\u00f3: %MC l\u00e0 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ee9a trong h\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n

P1<\/sub> l\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi s\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n

P2<\/sub> l\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t sau khi s\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n

– L\u00e0m kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1t b\u1eb1ng Silica gel, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Silica gel c\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb m\u00e0u tr\u1ed9n l\u1eabn v\u1edbi h\u1ea1t theo t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 1:1 \u0111\u1ec3 r\u00fat \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t xu\u1ed1ng \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau (t\u00ednh theo tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng).<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t l\u00e0 1; 3; 6 v\u00e0 9 th\u00e1ng. Dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eabu\/1 l\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra\/1 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i 4 l\u1ea7n l\u00e0 100 h\u1ea1t (25h\u1ea1t x 4l\u1ea7n l\u1eb7p).<\/p>\n

– B\u1ed1 tr\u00ed m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m g\u1ed3m 2 nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1: \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n. Nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m g\u1ed3m 7 c\u1ea5p: 30%; 25%; 20%; 15%; 10%; 5% v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m kh\u00f4 (\u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng). Nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 g\u1ed3m 3 c\u1ea5p: 150<\/sup>C; 50<\/sup>C v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng.<\/p>\n

2. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3.<\/strong><\/p>\n

2.1. Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u1edf b\u1ea3ng 1 cho th\u1ea5y tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 v\u1ecf th\u1ecbt l\u1edbn h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi h\u1ea1t s\u1ea1ch sau khi ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn, ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf ph\u1ea7n v\u1ecf th\u1ecbt bao b\u1ecdc b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i chi\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. Sau khi t\u00e1ch b\u1ecf ph\u1ea7n v\u1ecf th\u1ecbt b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn kh\u00f4, tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a 1 h\u1ea1t \u00bb258,55mg. Do h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1 l\u1edbn (14,32%) n\u00ean 1kg h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 3383-4514 h\u1ea1t, trung b\u00ecnh c\u00f3 3868 h\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3ng 1: Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t Gi\u1ed5i<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Ch\u1ec9<\/strong>ti\u00eau<\/strong><\/td>\nDung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eabu (n)<\/strong><\/td>\nX<\/strong><\/td>\nSx<\/strong><\/td>\nV%<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t c\u1ea3 v\u1ecf th\u1ecbt (mg)<\/td>\n100<\/td>\n845,16<\/td>\n165,46<\/td>\n19,57<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t \u0111\u00e3 x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u1ecf th\u1ecbt (mg)<\/td>\n100<\/td>\n258,55<\/td>\n37,03<\/td>\n14,32<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m h\u1ea1t ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn kh\u00f4 (%)<\/td>\n100<\/td>\n27,06<\/td>\n1,09<\/td>\n4,03<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m h\u1ea1t ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn trong n\u01b0\u1edbc (%)<\/td>\n100<\/td>\n33,60<\/td>\n1,31<\/td>\n3,89<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t (ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn kh\u00f4) chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 27,06\u00b11,09(%), \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ng\u00e2m trong n\u01b0\u1edbc chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 33,6\u00b11,31(%) t\u00ednh theo tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ee9a trong h\u1ea1t, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t l\u00ean h\u01a1n 6,5% so v\u1edbi ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn kh\u00f4.<\/p>\n

2.2. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m kh\u00e1c nhau:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3ng 2: K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0m kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c <\/strong><\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m <\/strong><\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m <\/strong><\/td>\nTh\u1eddi gian <\/strong><\/td>\nT\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
l\u00e0m<\/strong>kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1t<\/strong><\/td>\nd\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn <\/strong><\/p>\n

(%)<\/strong><\/td>\n

th\u1ef1c <\/strong><\/p>\n

(%)<\/strong><\/td>\n

l\u00e0m kh\u00f4 (gi\u1edd.ph\u00fat)<\/strong><\/td>\nX<\/strong><\/td>\nSx<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m kh\u00f4 (\u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng)<\/td>\n33,60<\/td>\n33,60<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n31,80<\/td>\n2,62<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
L\u00e0m kh\u00f4 b\u1eb1ng Silica gel<\/td>\n30,00<\/td>\n28,35<\/td>\n2.30\u2019<\/td>\n48,00<\/td>\n9,01<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
L\u00e0m kh\u00f4 b\u1eb1ng Silica gel<\/td>\n25,00<\/td>\n24,37<\/td>\n3.00\u2019<\/td>\n41,50<\/td>\n10,02<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
L\u00e0m kh\u00f4 b\u1eb1ng Silica gel<\/td>\n20,00<\/td>\n20,08<\/td>\n3.20\u2019<\/td>\n42,00<\/td>\n9,62<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
L\u00e0m kh\u00f4 b\u1eb1ng Silica gel<\/td>\n15,00<\/td>\n15,70<\/td>\n5.10\u2019<\/td>\n52,80<\/td>\n3,20<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
L\u00e0m kh\u00f4 b\u1eb1ng Silica gel<\/td>\n10,00<\/td>\n14,92<\/td>\n5.20\u2019<\/td>\n15,00<\/td>\n3,46<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
L\u00e0m kh\u00f4 b\u1eb1ng Silica gel<\/td>\n5,00<\/td>\n9,25<\/td>\n9.00\u2019<\/td>\n0,00<\/td>\n0,00<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Do h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft h\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn trong n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 33,06%. D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m ban \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00e0y x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m kh\u00f4 l\u00e0: 30%; 25%; 20%; 15%; 10%; 5% v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m kh\u00f4 (\u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng). K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 b\u1ea3ng 2 cho th\u1ea5y \u1edf h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c, h\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m kh\u00f4 kh\u00e1 s\u00e1t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn. Ri\u00eang 2 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c r\u00fat \u1ea9m xu\u1ed1ng m\u1ee9c 10% v\u00e0 5% cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 mong mu\u1ed1n, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 th\u1eddi gian r\u00fat \u1ea9m \u1edf 2 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y kh\u00e1 d\u00e0i (5gi\u1edd20\u2019 v\u00e0 9gi\u1edd00\u2019).<\/p>\n

Sau khi l\u00e0m kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1t t\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m kh\u00e1c nhau, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t thay \u0111\u1ed5i r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t (b\u1ea3ng1) cho th\u1ea5y \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m t\u1eeb 15,7-33,6% h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m t\u1eeb 31,8-52,8%, trong \u0111\u00f3 cao nh\u1ea5t \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m 15,7% v\u00e0 28,35%. Ri\u00eang \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m 9,25% h\u1ea1t \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1ea5t s\u1ee9c n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m, h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m 14,92% t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n 15%.<\/p>\n

2.3. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3ng 3: T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t qua c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 ki\u1ec3m tra <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c <\/strong><\/td>\nT\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m qua c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m<\/strong><\/td>\n1 th\u00e1ng<\/strong><\/td>\n3 th\u00e1ng<\/strong><\/td>\n6 th\u00e1ng<\/strong><\/td>\n9 th\u00e1ng<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110\u1ed9<\/strong>\u1ea9m th\u1ef1c ban \u0111\u1ea7u (%)<\/strong><\/td>\nNhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n (0<\/sup>C)<\/strong><\/td>\nX<\/strong><\/td>\nSx<\/td>\nX<\/strong><\/td>\nSx<\/td>\nX<\/strong><\/td>\nSx<\/td>\nX<\/strong><\/td>\nSx<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n50<\/sup>C<\/td>\n56,80<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n11,90<\/td>\n74,30<\/strong><\/td>\n3,69<\/td>\n77,75<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n2,63<\/td>\n55,25<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n11,90<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
33,06<\/strong><\/td>\n150<\/sup>C<\/td>\n–<\/strong><\/td>\n–<\/td>\n85,30<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n1,50<\/td>\n52,75<\/strong><\/td>\n10,10<\/td>\n30,50<\/strong><\/td>\n4,20<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
(\u0110\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng)<\/td>\nt0<\/sup> ph\u00f2ng<\/td>\n33,3<\/strong><\/td>\n2,22<\/td>\n35,80<\/strong><\/td>\n4,50<\/td>\n0<\/strong><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/strong><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n50<\/sup>C<\/td>\n67,50<\/strong><\/td>\n0,57<\/td>\n58,00<\/strong><\/td>\n7,70<\/td>\n73,75<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n6,95<\/td>\n70,75<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n3,77<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
28,35<\/strong><\/td>\n150<\/sup>C<\/td>\n74,50<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n7,33<\/td>\n61,80<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n4,99<\/td>\n62,00<\/strong><\/td>\n8,45<\/td>\n60,25<\/strong><\/td>\n7,37<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nt0<\/sup> ph\u00f2ng<\/td>\n33,30<\/strong><\/td>\n2,22<\/td>\n35,80<\/strong><\/td>\n4,50<\/td>\n0<\/strong><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/strong><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n50<\/sup>C<\/td>\n62,30<\/strong><\/td>\n7,09<\/td>\n42,50<\/strong><\/td>\n7,32<\/td>\n56,50<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n8,66<\/td>\n53,75<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n4,27<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
24,37<\/strong><\/td>\n150<\/sup>C<\/td>\n64,00<\/strong><\/td>\n6,53<\/td>\n63,00<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n2,94<\/td>\n47,00<\/strong><\/td>\n6,98<\/td>\n32,25<\/strong><\/td>\n3,40<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nt0<\/sup> ph\u00f2ng<\/td>\n67,00<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n6,83<\/td>\n40,30<\/strong><\/td>\n9,03<\/td>\n0<\/strong><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/strong><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n50<\/sup>C<\/td>\n57,50<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n7,05<\/td>\n41,30<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n13,80<\/td>\n49,50<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n3,59<\/td>\n44,75<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n7,41<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
20,08<\/strong><\/td>\n150<\/sup>C<\/td>\n37,50<\/strong><\/td>\n3,32<\/td>\n37,50<\/strong><\/td>\n12,70<\/td>\n45,75<\/strong><\/td>\n3,59<\/td>\n24,75<\/strong><\/td>\n4,79<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nt0<\/sup> ph\u00f2ng<\/td>\n–<\/strong><\/td>\n–<\/td>\n0<\/strong><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/strong><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/strong><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n50<\/sup>C<\/td>\n45,80<\/strong><\/td>\n5,68<\/td>\n0<\/strong><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/strong><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/strong><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
15,70<\/strong><\/td>\n150<\/sup>C<\/td>\n51,25<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n15,21<\/td>\n0<\/strong><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/strong><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/strong><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nt0<\/sup> ph\u00f2ng<\/td>\n0<\/strong><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/strong><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/strong><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/strong><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n50<\/sup>C<\/td>\n0<\/strong><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/strong><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/strong><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/strong><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
14,92<\/strong><\/td>\n150<\/sup>C<\/td>\n0<\/strong><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/strong><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/strong><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/strong><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nt0<\/sup> ph\u00f2ng<\/td>\n0<\/strong><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/strong><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/strong><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/strong><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n50<\/sup>C<\/td>\n0<\/strong><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/strong><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/strong><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/strong><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
9,25<\/strong><\/td>\n150<\/sup>C<\/td>\n0<\/strong><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/strong><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/strong><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/strong><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nt0<\/sup> ph\u00f2ng<\/td>\n0<\/strong><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/strong><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/strong><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/strong><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 b\u1ea3ng 3 cho th\u1ea5y h\u1ea1t b\u1ecb r\u00fat \u1ea9m xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi 15% \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1ea5t s\u1ee9c n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m ngay trong th\u00e1ng th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t d\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0o. \u1edf\u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m 15,7% h\u1ea1t c\u0169ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1ea5t s\u1ee9c n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m trong th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean khi b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c khi b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng, h\u1ea1t c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u m\u1ea5t s\u1ee9c n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng th\u1ee9 3 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng th\u1ee9 6. \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m t\u1eeb 20,08-24,35% trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nh\u1ecb\u00eat \u0111\u1ed9 5-150<\/sup>C, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t c\u0169ng gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n ngay sau th\u00e1ng th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t.\u1edf\u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m t\u1eeb 28-33,6% t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u0103ng l\u00ean nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 cao nh\u1ea5t trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng th\u1ee9 3 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng th\u1ee9 6 (77,75-85,3%), sau \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m r\u1ea5t ch\u1eadm \u1edf th\u00e1ng th\u1ee9 9. Ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf r\u1eb1ng h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m c\u00e0ng th\u1ea5p th\u00ec c\u00e0ng nhanh m\u1ea5t s\u1ee9c n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng.<\/p>\n

Theo Willan (1985) nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m h\u1ea1t \u01b0a \u1ea9m (Recalcitrant) v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n. Trong ph\u1ea1m vi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t t\u1eeb 28-33,6% v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n t\u1eeb 5-150<\/sup>C. \u0110\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea5t tr\u1eef h\u1ea1t Gi\u1ed5i trong th\u1eddi gian 9 th\u00e1ng v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1eeb 55-71%.<\/p>\n

3. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t khi ch\u00edn trung b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 27%, tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a 1 h\u1ea1t \u00bb258,55mg, 1kg h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 3383-4514 h\u1ea1t, trung b\u00ecnh c\u00f3 3868 h\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n

– H\u1ea1t Gi\u1ed5i thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m h\u1ea1t \u01b0a \u1ea9m, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1eeb 28-33,6% v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n t\u1eeb 5-150<\/sup>C, trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong th\u1eddi gian 9 th\u00e1ng v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t t\u1eeb 55-71%.<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t c\u00e0ng th\u1ea5p th\u00ec c\u00e0ng nhanh m\u1ea5t s\u1ee9c n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng, n\u1ebfu \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m 9,25% th\u00ec h\u1ea1t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1ea5t s\u1ee9c n\u1ea9y m\u1ea7m ngay t\u1eeb ban \u0111\u1ea7u, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t d\u01b0\u1edbi 15% th\u00ec h\u1ea1t c\u0169ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1ea5t s\u1ee9c n\u1ea9y m\u1ea7m trong th\u00e1ng th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, d\u00f9 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m cao (20-33,6%) nh\u01b0ng h\u1ea1t c\u0169ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1ea5t s\u1ee9c n\u1ea9y m\u1ea7m trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eeb 3-6 th\u00e1ng n\u1ebfu b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng.<\/p>\n

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/h1>\n

Vietnam Forest Trees, 1996. Agricultrual Publishing House.<\/p>\n

Willan, 1985. A guide to forest seed handling (FAO Forestry Paper).<\/p>\n

Kirsten Thomsen and Finn Stubsgaard, 1998. Easy guide to controlling seed moisture during seed procurement, Danida Forest Seed Centre. Krogerupvej 21 DK-3050 Humlebek. Denmark.<\/p>\n

Summary:<\/strong>Michelia mediocris Dandy<\/em>is one of the main forest plantation species in Vietnam. M. mediocris<\/em> seed quickly loses its germinability. Research on seed physiological characteristics and storage of this species is very necessary.Research results show that mean weight of a seed is 258x55mg. 1kg of seed contains about 3383-4514 seed, 3868 seed on the average. M.mediocris<\/em> seed is moist tolerant, best moisture content of seed in storage is 28-33,6%, ambient moisture 5-15%. The lower the moisture content of the seed the quicker its germinability is lost specially in room temperature conditions with moisture content 9.25% germinability of the seed is lost right at the beginning. At ambient moisture content below 15%, germinability is totally lost within the first month. In room temperature conditions, seed germinability is also totally lost in the 3rd<\/sup>-6th<\/sup> months although the air moisture content is high (20.33.6%).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Gi\u1ed5i (Michelia mediocris Dandy) là cây g\u1ed7 có giá tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf cao, th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ecdc h\u1ed7n loài trong r\u1eebng lá r\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xanh. G\u1ed7 Gi\u1ed5i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dùng trang trí n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t, làm \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ed9c gia d\u1ee5ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t các \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ed9c cao c\u1ea5p. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ây loài cây này có phân b\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhiên \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ec9nh trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 Lào Cai, Yên Bái, Thanh Hoá, Ngh\u1ec7 An, Hà T\u0129nh, Gia lai, Kon Tum, … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[18],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8610"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8610"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8610\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19291,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8610\/revisions\/19291"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8610"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8610"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8610"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}