{"id":8607,"date":"2009-05-24T02:26:51","date_gmt":"2009-05-23T19:26:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/2009\/03\/cay-luong\/"},"modified":"2020-05-05T07:13:44","modified_gmt":"2020-05-05T00:13:44","slug":"cay-luong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/cay-luong\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e2y Lu\u1ed3ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nguy\u1ec5n T\u1eed \u01af\u1edfng<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t nam<\/u><\/strong><\/h2>\n

T\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t nam: Lu\u1ed3ng<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng: Lu\u1ed3ng Thanh Ho\u00e1, M\u1ea1y sang, M\u1ea1y sang n\u00fai, M\u1ea1y sang num, M\u1ea1y m\u00e8n<\/p>\n

T\u00ean khoa h\u1ecdc: Dendrocalamus membranaceus<\/em><\/strong> Munro<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft<\/strong><\/p>\n

Lu\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i tre to, kh\u00f4ng gai, l\u00e1 nh\u1ecf, m\u1ecdc c\u1ee5m – th\u00e2n ng\u1ea7m d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7, th\u01b0a c\u00e2y, th\u00e2n kh\u00ed sinh c\u00f3 ng\u1ecdn cong ng\u1eafn.<\/p>\n

K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e2y trung b\u00ecnh: Th\u00e2n tre cao 14m, ng\u1ecdn cong 1m, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 10cm, l\u00f3ng d\u00e0i 30cm, v\u00e1ch th\u00e2n d\u1ea7y 1cm, th\u00e2n tre t\u01b0\u01a1i n\u1eb7ng 37kg.<\/p>\n

Th\u00e2n c\u00e2y n\u00e2y – \u0111\u1ed9 thon \u00edt, th\u1eb3ng, tr\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec1u. Hai ph\u1ea7n ba th\u00e2n tre v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda g\u1ed1c tr\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec1u, v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ed1t kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed5i r\u00f5, 2-3 \u0111\u1ed1t cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 \u00edt r\u1ec5. M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ba th\u00e2n tre v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda ng\u1ecdn mang c\u00e0nh l\u00e1, th\u00e2n c\u00f3 v\u1ebft l\u00f5m n\u00f4ng, n\u01a1i quang tr\u1ed1ng th\u00ec c\u00e0nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ed1ng g\u1ea7n g\u1ed1c. M\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ed1t c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh to, d\u00e0i v\u00e0 2-5 c\u00e0nh nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n, g\u1ed1c c\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh ph\u00ecnh to (g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f9i g\u00e0) c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t sinh m\u1ea7m v\u00e0 r\u1ec5. Ch\u00e9t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e0nh \u1edf s\u00e1t m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t g\u1eefa ph\u1ea7n g\u1ed1c th\u00e2n kh\u00ed sinh v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7 th\u00e2n ng\u1ea7m. Phi\u1ebfn l\u00e1 thu\u00f4n h\u00ecnh ng\u1ecdn gi\u00e1o, d\u00e0i 18cm r\u1ed9ng 1,5cm hai m\u00e9p c\u00f3 r\u0103ng s\u1eafc r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf, \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1ecdn \u0111u\u00f4i h\u00ecnh n\u00eam hay g\u1ea7n t\u00f9. L\u00e1 khi non m\u1ea7u xanh th\u1eabm, m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i; khi gi\u00e0 m\u1ea7u xanh nh\u1ea1t c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5m nh\u1ecf m\u1ea7u g\u1ec9 s\u1eaft. B\u1eb9 mo h\u00ecnh chu\u00f4ng, \u0111\u00e1y tr\u00ean 10cm \u0111\u00e1y d\u01b0\u1edbi 30cm, cao 37cm; l\u00fac non 1\/2 ph\u00eda tr\u00ean m\u1ea7u v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ecf, 1\/2 ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ea7u v\u00e0ng xanh; m\u1eb7t ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u00f4ng m\u1ea7u t\u00edm n\u00e2u- hung \u0111en. Tai mo ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u00f4ng m\u1ea7u n\u00e2u. Th\u00eca l\u00eca x\u1ebb r\u0103ng s\u00e2u th\u00e0nh d\u1ea1ng l\u00f4ng. L\u00e1 mo h\u00ecnh m\u0169i gi\u00e1o, c\u00f3 l\u00f4ng c\u1ea3 2 m\u1eb7t, h\u01a1i l\u1eadt ng\u1eeda – c\u1ee5p v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda ngo\u00e0i. Mo s\u1edbm r\u1ee5ng, khi c\u00e2y m\u0103ng to\u1ea3 \u0111u\u00f4i \u00e9n th\u00ec mo tr\u00ean th\u00e2n c\u0169ng r\u1ee5ng g\u1ea7n h\u1ebft. M\u0103ng \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ea5p c\u00f3 m\u1ea7u t\u00edm n\u00e2u, l\u00ean cao c\u00f3 m\u1ea7u t\u00edm h\u1ed3ng hay t\u00edm \u0111\u1ecf; l\u00ean cao h\u01a1n n\u1eefa c\u00f3 m\u1ea7u t\u00edm da cam hay \u0111\u1ecf h\u1ed3ng; khi c\u00e2y m\u0103ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u0103ng c\u00f3 m\u1ea7u xanh v\u00e0ng hay xanh x\u00e1m nh\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n

Hoa t\u1ef1 c\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u chu\u1ef3, c\u00e1c b\u00f4ng ch\u00e9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh c\u1ee5m th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u \u1edf c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a tr\u1ee5c hoa t\u1ef1. B\u00f4ng ch\u00e9t h\u00ecnh tr\u00e1i xoan nh\u1ecdn, trung b\u00ecnh d\u00e0i 10mm, r\u1ed9ng 4mm<\/p>\n

2. \u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh sinh h\u1ecdc, sinh th\u00e1i h\u1ecdc<\/strong><\/p>\n

2.1. \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u00f9ng ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Lu\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu n\u00f3ng, \u1ea9m, m\u1ed9t n\u0103m c\u00f3 hai m\u00f9a: m\u00f9a n\u1eafng n\u00f3ng, m\u01b0a nhi\u1ec1u, th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 4-5 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 10-11 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a chi\u1ebfm t\u1edbi 70 – 80% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a c\u1ea3 n\u0103m; m\u00f9a l\u1ea1nh, m\u01b0a \u00edt, th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 11-12 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 3-4 n\u0103m sau l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 20-30% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a c\u1ea3 n\u0103m. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n n\u0103m kho\u1ea3ng 23-24 0<\/sup>C, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u00f3 khi l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 420<\/sup>C. \u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed 87%. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a 1600-2000mm\/n\u0103m. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i h\u00e0ng n\u0103m kho\u1ea3ng 677mm.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ecba h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3i, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i (d\u01b0\u1edbi 300<\/sup>) cao d\u01b0\u1edbi 800m so v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n; n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng, ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed3i ho\u1eb7c s\u01b0\u1eddn tho\u1ea3i th\u00ec Lu\u1ed3ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea5t feralit ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e1 Poocphia, \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i, phi\u1ebfn th\u1ea1ch, phyllit ho\u1eb7c ph\u00f9 sa c\u1ed5, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u 50 – 150 cm ho\u1eb7c h\u01a1n; th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 s\u00e9t pha n\u1eb7ng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u00e9t pha trung b\u00ecnh; \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m 80-90% \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed3ng; m\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 v\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ecf; pH (H2<\/sub>O) = 4,6-7; h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng P2<\/sub>O5<\/sub> v\u00e0 K2<\/sub>O d\u1ec5 ti\u00eau th\u01b0\u1eddng ngh\u00e8o; h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 trong \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

2.2. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3, sinh s\u1ea3n, sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n<\/em><\/strong>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Ch\u01b0a g\u1eb7p r\u1eebng Lu\u1ed3ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean,. Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p Lu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ed3ng sen t\u1eebng \u0111\u00e1m trong r\u1eebng th\u1ee9 sinh, r\u1eebng Lu\u1ed3ng thu\u1ea7n lo\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 xen c\u00e2y g\u1ed7 t\u1eadp trung th\u00e0nh r\u1eebng tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u1edbn v\u00e0 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00f3m xung quanh nh\u00e0.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m m\u1edbi tr\u1ed3ng, khi r\u1eebng ch\u01b0a kh\u00e9p t\u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng xen c\u00e2y n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 l\u1ea1c, \u0111\u1ed7, ng\u00f4, s\u1eafn. . . C\u00e2y g\u1ed7 t\u00e1i sinh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0: Lim xanh (Erythropholeum fordii<\/em>), S\u00f2i t\u00eda (Sapium discolor<\/em>), M\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec9a (Archidendron clypearia<\/em>), Hu \u0111ay l\u00e1 h\u1eb9p (Trema angustifolia<\/em>), nh\u01b0ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u1edbi Lu\u1ed3ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 Lim xanh.<\/p>\n

M\u1edbi g\u1eb7p Lu\u1ed3ng ra hoa t\u1eebng kh\u00f3m r\u1ed3i ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea1t Lu\u1ed3ng; v\u00ec v\u1eady kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1eebng Lu\u1ed3ng t\u1eeb h\u1ea1t l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a c\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Th\u00e2n ng\u1ea7m, th\u00e2n kh\u00ed sinh, ch\u00e9t v\u00e0 c\u00e0nh l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c sinh s\u1ea3n v\u00f4 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Lu\u1ed3ng. C\u00e2y m\u0103ng sau khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh, ra c\u00e0nh l\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 th\u00ec nh\u1eefng m\u1ea7m \u1edf g\u1ed1c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 cho th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 m\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp theo. Sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a m\u0103ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia th\u00e0nh 3 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n

– Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 1: M\u0103ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ng\u1ea7m trong \u0111\u1ea5t, kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 9-10 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn kho\u1ea3ng th\u00e1ng 4-5 n\u0103m sau.<\/p>\n

– Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 2: M\u0103ng l\u00ean kh\u1ecfi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh v\u1ec1 chi\u1ec1u cao, kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 4-5 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 7-8 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u00f9a ra m\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

– Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 3: C\u00e2y m\u0103ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e0nh l\u00e1 v\u00e0 r\u1ec5, kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 7-8 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 10-11; Sau giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u00e2y m\u0103ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. V\u00ec v\u1eady gi\u1ed1ng tr\u1ed3ng l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb c\u00e2y tu\u1ed5i 1 l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2y Lu\u1ed3ng 1-2 n\u0103m tu\u1ed5i – th\u00e2n non m\u1ea7u xanh nh\u1ea1t, b\u00f3ng, c\u00f3 \u00edt ph\u1ea5n tr\u1eafng, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1t c\u00f3 v\u00f2ng l\u00f4ng tr\u1eafng m\u1ecbn, th\u1ecbt tr\u1eafng. C\u00e2y Lu\u1ed3ng 3-4 n\u0103m tu\u1ed5i l\u00e0 c\u00e2y v\u1eeba, m\u1ea7u xanh s\u1eabm; c\u00e2y Lu\u1ed3ng 5 tu\u1ed5i tr\u1edf l\u00ean l\u00e0 c\u00e2y gi\u00e0, l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c c\u00e0ng gi\u00e0 m\u1ea7u da c\u00e0ng x\u00e1m l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u r\u00eau m\u1ed1c, th\u1ecbt h\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ecf, r\u00f5 b\u00f3 m\u1ea1ch. Tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y Lu\u1ed3ng kho\u1ea3ng 8-10 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

Quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e2y trong kh\u00f3m v\u1eeba l\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u1eeba l\u00e0m ch\u1ed7 d\u1ef1a cho nhau. Sau khi tr\u1ed3ng 5-6 n\u0103m r\u1eebng Lu\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o khai th\u00e1c. M\u1ed9t kh\u00f3m Lu\u1ed3ng chu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 20-40 c\u00e2y (15-20 c\u00e2y trong m\u1ed9t kh\u00f3m sau khai th\u00e1c, 30-40 c\u00e2y trong m\u1ed9t kh\u00f3m khi \u0111\u1ebfn chu k\u1ef3 khai th\u00e1c), t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p tu\u1ed5i g\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng 1, c\u00f3 5-8 m\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra h\u00e0ng n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

3. V\u00f9ng ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Lu\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean t\u1eebng c\u1ee5m ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n ven s\u00f4ng M\u00e3 t\u1ec9nh S\u01a1n La. Thanh Ho\u00e1 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i n\u00f4i Lu\u1ed3ng (v\u00ec th\u1ebf quen g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “Lu\u1ed3ng Thanh Ho\u00e1”) nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay Lu\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec1u \u1edf B\u1eafc Trung B\u1ed9, \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn gi\u1ed1ng tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ec9nh ph\u00eda B\u1eafc v\u00e0 ph\u00eda Nam. Phong tr\u00e0o tr\u1ed3ng Lu\u1ed3ng \u1edf v\u00f9ng Trung t\u00e2m B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i tre tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ed3ng (Di\u1ec5n tr\u1ee9ng…) ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00f4i!. Gi\u1ed1ng Lu\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh mi\u1ec1n Namch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m k\u00ea t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft; m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00f3m \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng Nam B\u1ed9, \u1edf Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb c\u00f3 nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t l\u00e0 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

4. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/strong><\/p>\n

Lu\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 Xenlulo l\u00e0 54% (cao nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i tre \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch), Lignin 22,4%, Pentozan 18,8%. S\u1ee3i Lu\u1ed3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i 2,944mm, chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng 17,84m, v\u00e1ch t\u1ebf b\u00e0o d\u1ea7y 8,5m. V\u1edbi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a Lu\u1ed3ng n\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng Lu\u1ed3ng l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y s\u1ebd cho hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1ea5y t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n

Lu\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m 15% l\u00e0 625 kg\/m3<\/sup> t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i g\u1ed7 nh\u00f3m 7,nh\u01b0ng do c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o s\u1ee3i d\u00e0i v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u00f3 m\u1ea1ch (216 b\u00f3 m\u1ea1ch\/cm2<\/sup>) n\u00ean Lu\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1ec1n khi n\u00e9n d\u1ecdc th\u1edb (\u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m 15% l\u00e0 497kg\/cm2<\/sup> ) v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1ec1n khi k\u00e9o d\u1ecdc th\u1edb (\u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m 15% l\u00e0 3384kg\/cm2<\/sup>), h\u01a1n h\u1eb3n nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i g\u1ed7.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady d\u00f9ng Lu\u1ed3ng l\u00e0m c\u1ed9t ch\u1ed1ng, x\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee1 trong x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i, ch\u00e8n h\u1ea7m l\u00f2 l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t. Lu\u1ed3ng d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e1n gh\u00e9p thanh th\u00ec v\u1eeba \u0111\u1eb9p l\u1ea1i ch\u1eafc b\u1ec1n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng, l\u00e0 m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

M\u0103ng Lu\u1ed3ng \u0103n ngon l\u1ea1i to n\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u0103n t\u01b0\u01a1i c\u00f2n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u01a1i kh\u00f4. Trong th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 70 Thanh Ho\u00e1 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00f3ng h\u1ed9p m\u0103ng Lu\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u.<\/p>\n

5. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt kinh doanh<\/strong><\/p>\n

5.1. Tr\u1ed3ng Lu\u1ed3ng:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng Lu\u1ed3ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/p>\n

5.1.1. Ch\u1ecdn v\u00f9ng, \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh, l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba tho\u1ea3 m\u00e3n \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh sinh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Lu\u1ed3ng.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed h\u1eadu t\u1edbi sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Lu\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn ra k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Ng\u1ecdc B\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3ng so s\u00e1nh ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t Lu\u1ed3ng \u1edf Lang Ch\u00e1nh v\u00e0 Ph\u00fa \u0110i\u1ec1n<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/td>\nChi\u1ec1u cao (m)<\/td>\nChi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a d\u00f3ng ngang ng\u1ef1c (cm)<\/td>\n\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh g\u1ed1c (cm)<\/td>\nB\u1ec1 d\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n \u1edf g\u1ed1c (cm)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Lang Ch\u00e1nh<\/td>\n21-23<\/td>\n25-28<\/td>\n8,5-10,0<\/td>\n2,3-2,5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ph\u00fa \u0110i\u1ec1n<\/td>\n18-20<\/td>\n24-26<\/td>\n8,0-9,0<\/td>\n2,0-2,2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

So s\u00e1nh v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u kh\u00ed h\u1eadu th\u00ec \u1edf Lang Ch\u00e1nh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a to\u00e0n n\u0103m cao h\u01a1n Ph\u00fa \u0110i\u1ec1n 154,7mm, \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh trong n\u0103m cao h\u01a1n 2%, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i l\u1ea1i \u00edt h\u01a1n 126,8 mm; trong m\u1ed9t n\u0103m nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0y d\u00e2m tr\u1eddi h\u01a1n Ph\u00fa \u0110i\u1ec1n (l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e2y t\u1ed5ng quan trung b\u00ecnh to\u00e0n n\u0103m \u1edf Lang Ch\u00e1nh l\u00e0 8,1 c\u00f2n \u1edf Ph\u00fa \u0110i\u1ec1n l\u00e0 7,2).<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 \u01b0u ti\u00ean:<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng ho\u1eb7c ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed3i<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1ed3i n\u00fai th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

– S\u01b0\u1eddn tho\u1ea3i ho\u1eb7c y\u00ean ng\u1ef1a<\/p>\n

\u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai t\u1edbi sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Lu\u1ed3ng, c\u0169ng theo \u0111i\u1ec1u tra c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Ng\u1ecdc B\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn ra nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3ng so s\u00e1nh ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t Lu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean hai lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau \u1edf Lang Ch\u00e1nh<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
Lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t<\/td>\n\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh g\u1ed1c (cm)<\/td>\nChi\u1ec1u cao c\u00e2y (m)<\/td>\nChi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i d\u00f3ng ngang ng\u1ef1c (cm)<\/td>\nB\u1ec1 d\u1ea7y th\u00e2n \u1edf g\u1ed1c (cm)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110\u1ea5t Feralit ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e1 Poocphia<\/td>\n11,5-12,5<\/td>\n22-23<\/td>\n26-29<\/td>\n2,5-3,5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110\u1ea5t Feralit ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e1 Phyllit<\/td>\n8,5-10,0<\/td>\n21-23<\/td>\n25-28<\/td>\n2,3-2,5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u1edfLang Ch\u00e1nh, Lu\u1ed3ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ebfn x\u1ea5u tr\u00ean c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 sau:<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1ea5t Feralit n\u00e2u \u0111\u1ecf ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e1 Poocphia.<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1ea5t Feralit \u0111\u1ecf v\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean phi\u1ebfn th\u1ea1ch s\u00e9t bi\u1ebfn h\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi Poocphia.<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1ea5t Feralit v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ecf ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean phi\u1ebfn th\u1ea1ch Phyllit.<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1ea5t Feralit n\u00e2u v\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean ph\u00f9 sa c\u1ed5 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0u s\u00f4ng \u00c2m.<\/p>\n

Lu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf 3 l\u1ecdai \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao, ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh l\u00e0 trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n khi h\u1eadu \u1edf Lang Ch\u00e1nh tr\u00ean lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c, khai th\u00e1c h\u1ee3p l\u00fd th\u00ec Lu\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t – \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh tr\u00ean13cm, d\u00e0i tr\u00ean 25m cho s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m Lu\u1ed3ng phao; nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1ecfng, nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1 l\u1eabn \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00ec nhi\u00eau th\u1ea5p, Lu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ed3ng v\u1eabn s\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u00e9m – kh\u00f3m nh\u1ecf c\u00e2y th\u1ea5p b\u00e9.<\/p>\n

5.1.2. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c tr\u1ed3ng:<\/em><\/p>\n

Qui m\u00f4 tr\u1ed3ng, s\u1eed l\u00fd th\u1ef1c b\u00ec, l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t, tr\u1ed3ng xen ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi sinh th\u00e1i r\u1eebng Lu\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n

Lu\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n t\u1eebng kh\u00f3m g\u1ea7n nh\u00e0, xung quanh v\u01b0\u1eddn, bao \u0111\u1ed3i. . . th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho vi\u1ec7c t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t th\u1ee5\u00e2n ti\u1ec7n cho ch\u0103m s\u00f3c, tr\u1ed3ng xen c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp th\u00eam cho kinh t\u1ebf gia \u0111\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

Lu\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00f4ng t\u1eadp trung theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c tr\u1ed3ng thu\u1ea7n lo\u1ea1i, tr\u1ed3ng h\u1ed7n giao v\u1edbi c\u00e2y g\u1ed7 (c\u00e1ch c\u00e2y, c\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, theo b\u0103ng, theo \u0111\u00e1m).<\/p>\n

Lu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ed3ng t\u1eadp trung th\u00e0nh r\u1eebng c\u00f3 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t cho Lu\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

– Tr\u00e1nh gi\u00f3 b\u00e3o l\u00e0m g\u1eaby m\u0103ng, tr\u1ed1c g\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n

– Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

L\u01b0u Ph\u1ea1m Ho\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e3 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 \u0111o \u0111\u1ebfm \u1edf r\u1eebng Lu\u1ed3ng 4 tu\u1ed5i tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t sau n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1eaby, \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1eebng g\u1ed7 th\u1ee9 sinh ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o tr\u1eafng v\u00e0 tr\u1ed3ng theo r\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c<\/td>\nK\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e2y<\/td>\nK\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00f3ng<\/td>\nTr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1i (t\u1ea5n\/ha)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh (cm)<\/td>\nChi\u1ec1u cao (m)<\/td>\nChi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i (cm)<\/td>\nB\u1ec1 d\u1ea7y (cm)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sau n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1eaby<\/td>\n6,0<\/td>\n8,0<\/td>\n23,17<\/td>\n0,79<\/td>\n6,4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
R\u1eebng g\u1ed7 th\u1ee9 sinh<\/p>\n

+ C\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o tr\u1eafng<\/p>\n

+ Tr\u1ed3ng theo r\u1ea1ch<\/td>\n

7,8<\/p>\n

7,1<\/td>\n

12,1<\/p>\n

11,0<\/td>\n

27,13<\/p>\n

29,49<\/td>\n

0,68<\/p>\n

0,58<\/td>\n

17,7<\/p>\n

10,4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u00ean ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ef1 tho\u00e1i ho\u00e1 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1eebng sau n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1eaby. V\u00ec v\u1eady, kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean l\u00e0m n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1eaby 1-2 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi tr\u1ed3ng Lu\u1ed3ng nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m; c\u00f2n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o tr\u1eafng hay tr\u1ed3ng theo r\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 tu\u1ef3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

5.1.3. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng: <\/em><\/p>\n

Gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1ea1o gi\u1ed1ng, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng, h\u1ed1 tr\u1ed3ng, th\u1eddi v\u1ee5 tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tr\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1ng cao v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n

L\u01b0u Ph\u1ea1m Ho\u00e0nh c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m d\u00f9ng g\u1ed1c, ch\u00e9t, c\u00e0nh, th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
Lo\u1ea1i gi\u1ed1ng tr\u1ed3ng<\/td>\nN\u0103m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t<\/td>\nN\u0103m th\u1ee9 hai<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
N<\/td>\nD<\/td>\nH<\/td>\nN<\/td>\nD<\/td>\nH<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
G\u1ed1c<\/p>\n

Ch\u00e9t<\/p>\n

C\u00e0nh<\/p>\n

Hom th\u00e2n c\u00f3 ch\u1ed3i ng\u1ee7<\/td>\n

2,4<\/p>\n

2,2<\/p>\n

2,1<\/p>\n

2,3<\/td>\n

2,4<\/p>\n

2,3<\/p>\n

2,1<\/p>\n

2,6<\/td>\n

3,3<\/p>\n

3,4<\/p>\n

3,1<\/p>\n

4,2<\/td>\n

2,0<\/p>\n

2,3<\/p>\n

1,8<\/p>\n

2,4<\/td>\n

4,6<\/p>\n

3,7<\/p>\n

3,4<\/p>\n

4,7<\/td>\n

5,7<\/p>\n

5,7<\/p>\n

4,3<\/p>\n

5,8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n\n
Lo\u1ea1i gi\u1ed1ng tr\u1ed3ng<\/td>\nN\u0103m th\u1ee9 ba<\/td>\nN\u0103m th\u1ee9 t\u01b0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
N<\/td>\nD<\/td>\nH<\/td>\nN<\/td>\nD<\/td>\nH<\/td>\nTr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1i (T\u1ea5n\/ha)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
G\u1ed1c<\/p>\n

Ch\u00e9t<\/p>\n

C\u00e0nh<\/p>\n

Hom th\u00e2n c\u00f3 ch\u1ed3i ng\u1ee7<\/td>\n

2,1<\/p>\n

1,3<\/p>\n

1,7<\/p>\n

2,7<\/td>\n

5,3<\/p>\n

6,0<\/p>\n

4,8<\/p>\n

6,2<\/td>\n

6,8<\/p>\n

6,6<\/p>\n

6,9<\/p>\n

7,5<\/td>\n

2,2<\/p>\n

2,0<\/p>\n

2,3<\/p>\n

2,6<\/td>\n

6,7<\/p>\n

6,3<\/p>\n

5,2<\/p>\n

7,1<\/td>\n

10,0<\/p>\n

10,4<\/p>\n

10,4<\/p>\n

11,0<\/td>\n

7,5<\/p>\n

5,6<\/p>\n

6,2<\/p>\n

10,4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Ghi ch\u00fa: N: S\u1ed1 c\u00e2y m\u0103ng trung b\u00ecnh\/1kh\u00f3m<\/p>\n

D: \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y (cm)<\/p>\n

H: Chi\u1ec1u cao trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y (m)<\/p>\n

C\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u tr\u00ean v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf th\u00ec trong m\u1ed9t hai n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng ch\u00e9t, th\u00e2n, c\u00e0nh cho m\u0103ng b\u00e9 h\u01a1n gi\u1ed1ng g\u1ed1c nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 h\u01a1n k\u00e9m gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i gi\u1ed1ng tr\u1ed3ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 n\u00e9t, c\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 sau th\u00ec s\u1ee9c sinh s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c kh\u00f3m tr\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng g\u1ed1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kh\u00f3m tr\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng th\u00e2n, c\u00e0nh ho\u1eb7c ch\u00e9t.<\/p>\n

\u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd th\u00eam v\u1ec1 gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1ea1o gi\u1ed1ng. Hi\u1ec7n nay gi\u1ed1ng tr\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng hom c\u00e0nh b\u00f3 b\u1ea7u tr\u00ean th\u00e2n (chi\u1ebft) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i.<\/p>\n

\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p b\u00f3 b\u1ea7u (chi\u1ebft) l\u00e0:<\/p>\n

– S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e0nh c\u00f3 tr\u00ean c\u00e2y Lu\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n

– Tu\u1ed5i c\u00e0nh l\u00e0m gi\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 3-10 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

– C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh quanh n\u0103m (nh\u01b0ng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 2 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 8 d\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ecbch).<\/p>\n

– C\u00e2y m\u1eb9 sau khi l\u1ea5y gi\u1ed1ng v\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

– C\u00e2y m\u1eb9 v\u1eabn ra m\u0103ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

5.2. Khai th\u00e1c Lu\u1ed3ng.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Sau khi tr\u1ed3ng 5-6 n\u0103m r\u1eebng Lu\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o khai th\u00e1c; sau 9-10 n\u0103m th\u00ec khai th\u00e1c \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c khai th\u00e1c Lu\u1ed3ng l\u00e0: “Ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ecdn t\u1eebng c\u00e2y theo c\u1ea5p tu\u1ed5i trong kh\u00f3m”. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3m ra hoa th\u00ec ch\u1eb7t tr\u1eafng t\u1eebng kh\u00f3m. Gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1eb7t, chu k\u1ef3 ch\u1eb7t, s\u1eed l\u00fd r\u1eebng sau khai th\u00e1c h\u1ee3p l\u00fd s\u1ebd c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cao. Qui ph\u1ea1m qui \u0111\u1ecbnh: “Lu\u00e2n k\u1ef3 1 n\u0103m th\u00ec c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1eb7t kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 30% s\u1ed1 c\u00e2y trong kh\u00f3m; Lu\u00e2n k\u1ef3 2 n\u0103m th\u00ec c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi 40% s\u1ed1 c\u00e2y trong kh\u00f3m”. Theo ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c :<\/p>\n

Chuk\u1ef3 3 n\u0103m: ch\u1eb7t c\u00e2y t\u1eeb tu\u1ed5i 4 cho nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng sung y\u1ebfu<\/p>\n

ch\u1eb7t c\u00e2y t\u1eeb tu\u1ed5i 3 cho nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Chuk\u1ef3 2 n\u0103m: ch\u1eb7t c\u00e2y t\u1eeb tu\u1ed5i 4 cho nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c<\/p>\n

5.3. Ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c r\u1eebng Lu\u1ed3ng<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

R\u1eebng Lu\u1ed3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 b\u1ec7nh ch\u1ed5i s\u1ec3 v\u00e0 s\u00e2u v\u00f2i voi h\u1ea1i m\u0103ng. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u1edf Thanh Ho\u00e1 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e2y Lu\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “B\u1ec7nh s\u1ecdc t\u00edm”.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd, n\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u1ed1t (l\u00e0m v\u1ec7 sinh r\u1eebng, \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u1ebft m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9, s\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n) m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cho Lu\u1ed3ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n

6. Hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Thanh Ho\u00e1 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kinh nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi v\u1ec1 tr\u1ed3ng Lu\u1ed3ng. Ki\u1ec3m k\u00ea r\u1eebng n\u0103m 1999 Thanh Ho\u00e1 c\u00f3 46.973 ha Lu\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi tr\u1eef l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 58.706.000 c\u00e2y. Hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh Ho\u00e0 B\u00ecnh, Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd … c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec1u tr\u0103m ha Lu\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n

Tr\u1ed3ng Lu\u1ed3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y tuy c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u0103ng tr\u1ea7m nh\u01b0ng Lu\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00e1 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. Ng\u00e0y 25 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 2000 B\u1ed9 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n \u0111\u00e3 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ban h\u00e0nh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ng\u00e0nh s\u1ed1 04 TCN 21-2000 “Qui ph\u1ea1m k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c Lu\u1ed3ng”. Hi\u1ec7n nay Lu\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u1ed3ng m\u1edbi 5 tri\u1ec7u ha r\u1eebng. H\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o “x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn lo\u00e0i \u01b0u ti\u00ean” t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh Lu\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng v\u00f9ng Trung t\u00e2m B\u1eafc b\u1ed9,B\u1eafc Trung b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 T\u00e2y B\u1eafc.<\/p>\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u1ed3ng Lu\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y m\u0103ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u1edf Trung t\u00e2m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u L\u00e2m sinh C\u1ea7u Hai – Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd nh\u01b0ng qui m\u00f4 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 26 \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 28 th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 2001 l\u1edbp t\u1eadp hu\u1ea5n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt g\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c r\u1eebng Lu\u1ed3ng cho 7 t\u1ec9nh ph\u00eda B\u1eafc (Qu\u1ea3ng Ninh, B\u1eafc C\u1ea1n, Y\u00ean B\u00e1i, B\u1eafc Giang, L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n, Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean, Tuy\u00ean Quang) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i Tuy\u00ean Quang.<\/p>\n

7. Khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tr\u1ed3ng Lu\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ea1t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1c qui tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 ban h\u00e0nh, khi ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 n\u00ean ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1eeb h\u1ea1ng I \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ea1ng III trong b\u1ea3ng sau:<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3ng ph\u00e2n h\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng Lu\u1ed3ng theo th\u1ef1c b\u00ec v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1 m\u1eb9<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Th\u1ef1c b\u00ec<\/p>\n

Nh\u00f3m \u0111\u00e1 m\u1eb9<\/td>\n

R\u1eebng g\u1ed7 th\u1ee9 sinh ngh\u00e8o ki\u1ec7t<\/td>\nR\u1eebng tre n\u1ee9a t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/td>\nTr\u1ea3ng c\u1ecf cao, c\u00e2y b\u1ee5i ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n<\/td>\nTr\u1ea3ng c\u1ecf th\u1ea5p ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Bazan, Phoophia, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1 Macma ki\u1ec1m<\/td>\nI<\/td>\nI<\/td>\nII<\/td>\nIII<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Phylit, Micaschiste, Gneiss, Phi\u1ebfn th\u1ea1ch s\u00e9t, phi\u1ebfn th\u1ea1ch limon<\/td>\nI<\/td>\nII<\/td>\nIII<\/td>\nIV<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Granit, Ryolit<\/td>\nII<\/td>\nIII<\/td>\nIV<\/td>\nV<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sa th\u1ea1ch, Quarzit<\/td>\nIII<\/td>\nIV<\/td>\nV<\/td>\nVI<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y m\u00f4 t\u1ea1o gi\u1ed1ng Lu\u1ed3ng theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u1eabn l\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb “b\u1ec7nh s\u1ecdc t\u00edm” \u0111ang l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c tr\u1ed3ng h\u1ed7n giao c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang \u0111\u1eb7t ra nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi! c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i l\u00e2u d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kinh doanh m\u0103ng Lu\u1ed3ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf ra tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t, c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 tho\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i l\u00e2u d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

T\u00f3m t\u1eaft<\/h1>\n

Lu\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 c\u00e2y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y th\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y m\u0103ng. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt kinh doanh Lu\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 “Qui ph\u1ea1m k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c Lu\u1ed3ng” m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eb1m m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh tr\u1ed3ng Lu\u1ed3ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean c\u0169ng c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft ti\u1ebfp, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn c\u00e2y Lu\u1ed3ng x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00e0 c\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean trong k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch tr\u1ed3ng m\u1edbi 5 tri\u1ec7u ha r\u1eebng.<\/p>\n

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh<\/em><\/h1>\n

1. Nguy\u1ec5n Ng\u1ecdc B\u00ecnh, 1964 – B\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng Lu\u1ed3ng<\/p>\n

2. Nguy\u1ec5n Ng\u1ecdc B\u00ecnh, 1996 – \u0110\u1ea5t r\u1eebng Vi\u1ec7t nam<\/p>\n

3. B\u1ed9 L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p – T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p c\u00e1c n\u0103m<\/p>\n

4. Ng\u00f4 Quang \u0110\u00ea (ch\u1ee7 bi\u00ean) 1994 – G\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng tre tr\u00fac<\/p>\n

5. L\u00ea Quang Li\u00ean, 1990 – Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt g\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y tre Lu\u1ed3ng Thanh Ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n qui tr\u00ecnh th\u00e2m canh r\u1eebng tre Lu\u1ed3ng \u1edf v\u00f9ng Trung t\u00e2m l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u gi\u1ea5y Xi m\u0103ng (B\u00e1o c\u00e1o KH)<\/p>\n

6. Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n T\u00edch, 1963 – Kinh nghi\u1ec7m tr\u1ed3ng Lu\u1ed3ng<\/p>\n

7. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p, 1992 – Th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n r\u1eebng<\/p>\n

8. Vi\u1ec7n khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t nam<\/p>\n

– C\u01a1 c\u1ea5u lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p<\/p>\n

cho c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p trong to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n

– K\u1ef7 y\u1ebfu nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c n\u0103m<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Lu\u1ed3ng là lo\u1ea1i tre to, không gai, lá nh\u1ecf, m\u1ecdc c\u1ee5m – thân ng\u1ea7m d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7, th\u01b0a cây, thân khí sinh có ng\u1ecdn cong ng\u1eafn. Kích th\u01b0\u1edbc cây trung bình: Thân tre cao 14m, ng\u1ecdn cong 1m, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kính 10cm, lóng dài 30cm, vách thân d\u1ea7y 1cm, thân tre t\u01b0\u01a1i n\u1eb7ng 37kg. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":true,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[81],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8607"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8607"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8607\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19294,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8607\/revisions\/19294"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8607"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8607"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8607"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}