{"id":8606,"date":"2009-05-24T02:26:37","date_gmt":"2009-05-23T19:26:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/2009\/03\/cay-dien-trung\/"},"modified":"2020-05-03T06:13:14","modified_gmt":"2020-05-02T23:13:14","slug":"cay-dien-trung","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/cay-dien-trung\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e2y di\u1ec5n tr\u1ee9ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nguy\u1ec5n T\u1eed \u01af\u1edfng<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7n khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t <\/em>Nam<\/em><\/p>\n

T\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t Nam: Di\u1ec5n tr\u1ee9ng<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng: M\u1ea1y pu\u1ed1c ban, Lau ma, Lau vi\u00ean, M\u1ea1y ng\u1ee5m, M\u1ea1y c\u1ea5y, M\u01b0\u1eddi lay.<\/p>\n

T\u00ean khoa h\u1ecdc: Sinocalamus latiflorus<\/em><\/strong> (Munro) McClure<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00ean KH kh\u00e1c: Dendrocalamus latiflorus<\/em> Munro (1940); Bambusa latiflora<\/em> (Munro) Kurz (1873)<\/p>\n

1. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft<\/strong><\/p>\n

Di\u1ec5n tr\u1ee9ng l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i tre to, kh\u00f4ng gai, l\u00e1 l\u1edbn, m\u1ecdc c\u1ee5m- th\u00e2n ng\u1ea7m d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7, th\u01b0a c\u00e2y, th\u00e2n kh\u00ed sinh c\u00f3 ng\u1ecdn cong.<\/p>\n

K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e2y trung b\u00ecnh: Th\u00e2n tre cao 15m, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 8cm, ng\u1ecdn cong d\u00e0i 1m, l\u00f3ng d\u00e0i 38cm, v\u00e1ch th\u00e2n d\u1ea7y 1,2cm, th\u00e2n tre t\u01b0\u01a1i n\u1eb7ng 22kg. (theo t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c lo\u00e0i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 8- 25cm).<\/p>\n

Th\u00e2n c\u00e2y th\u1eb3ng, tr\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1eeb g\u1ed1c l\u00ean ng\u1ecdn, \u0111\u1ed9 thon l\u1edbn. Th\u00e2n c\u00e2y m\u0103ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea5n s\u00e1p m\u1ea7u tr\u1eafng, th\u00e2n c\u00e2y 1-2 tu\u1ed5i c\u00f3 m\u1ea7u xanh nh\u1eb5n b\u00f3ng, th\u00e2n c\u00e2y 3-4 tu\u1ed5i c\u00f3 m\u1ea7u xanh v\u00e0ng v\u00e0 gi\u00e0 h\u01a1n n\u1eefa th\u00ec c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed1m hoa v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba y. \u0110\u1ed1t th\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed5i r\u00f5, hai ba \u0111\u1ed1t s\u00e1t m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 1-2 v\u00f2ng r\u1ec5. Ph\u00e2n c\u00e0nh cao – th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb 1\/2 th\u00e2n v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda ng\u1ecdn, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 2 hay nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n c\u00e0nh nh\u1ecf \u1edf hai b\u00ean. C\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh d\u00e0i t\u1edbi 2m; \u0111\u00f9i g\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1ec5.<\/p>\n

Phi\u1ebfn l\u00e1 thu\u00f4n d\u00e0i, \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00fat nh\u1ecdn h\u00ecnh kim, \u0111u\u00f4i h\u00ecnh n\u00eam c\u00f3 khi h\u01a1i l\u1ec7ch. Phi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 trung b\u00ecnh d\u00e0i 38cm, r\u1ed9ng 4,5cm c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u00e1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn, d\u00e0i tr\u00ean 50 cm r\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean 10cm. Phi\u1ebfn l\u00e1 r\u00e1p, l\u00e1 non m\u1ea7u xanh l\u00e1 m\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f3 l\u00f4ng m\u1ecbn, l\u00e1 gi\u00e0 m\u1ea7u xanh th\u1eabm.<\/p>\n

B\u1eb9 mo h\u00ecnh chu\u00f4ng cao 23 cm \u0111\u00e1y r\u1ed9ng 28cm \u0111\u1ec9nh h\u01a1i l\u00f5m, m\u1eb7t ngo\u00e0i ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f3 m\u1ea7u xanh, ph\u00eda tr\u00ean ph\u1edbt v\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u00f4ng c\u1ee9ng r\u1eb7m m\u1ea7u n\u00e2u t\u00edm h\u01a1i \u0111en, m\u1eb7t trong nh\u1eb5n b\u00f3ng.L\u00e1 mo h\u00ecnh ng\u1ecdn gi\u00e1o m\u1ea7u xanh v\u00e0ng cao 5cm r\u1ed9ng 3cm, ngang ho\u1eb7c l\u1eadt ng\u01b0\u1ee3c. Tai mo ng\u1eafn nh\u1ecf. Th\u00eca l\u00eca cao 2mm x\u1ebb r\u0103ng c\u01b0a.<\/p>\n

Hoa t\u1ef1 c\u00e0nh m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ed1t c\u00f3 2-3 \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u hoa ch\u00e9t, hoa ch\u00e9t h\u00ecnh nh\u1ed9ng d\u1eb9t c\u00f3 6-8 hoa.<\/p>\n

2. \u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh sinh h\u1ecdc, sinh th\u00e1i h\u1ecdc.<\/strong><\/p>\n

2.1. \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u00f9ng ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a Di\u1ec5n Tr\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi m\u01b0a m\u00f9a, m\u00f9a m\u01b0a v\u00e0 n\u00f3ng t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 5 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 11, m\u00f9a kh\u00f4 v\u00e0 l\u1ea1nh t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 11 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m sau. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n n\u0103m l\u00e0 22,90<\/sup>C, th\u00e1ng 7 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n cao nh\u1ea5t l\u00ean t\u1edbi 28,90<\/sup>C, th\u00e1ng 2 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t, xu\u1ed1ng t\u1edbi 16,15 0<\/sup>C. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a trung b\u00ecnh h\u00e0ng n\u0103m l\u00e0 1592mm, th\u00e1ng 5 c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a cao nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 356,5mm, s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y m\u01b0a tr\u00ean 160 ng\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n n\u0103m l\u00e0 85% (m\u00f9a m\u01b0a 88,6%, m\u00f9a kh\u00f4 83,6%). \u0110\u1ecba h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3i th\u1ea5p, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng khe su\u1ed1i nh\u1ecf, thung l\u0169ng h\u1eb9p, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 250<\/sup>; \u0111\u1ed9 cao so v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n l\u00e0 70-80m.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e1 m\u1eb9 Gneiss, phi\u1ebfn th\u1ea1ch Mica c\u00f3 m\u1ea7u v\u00e0ng, \u0111\u1ecf v\u00e0ng hay \u0111\u1ecf. \u0110\u1ed9 d\u1ea7y t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ean 1m v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m cao. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi n\u1eb7ng, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 m\u00f9n th\u1ea5p, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n

2.2. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3, sinh s\u1ea3n sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Di\u1ec5n tr\u1ee9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi qui m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh r\u1eebng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n t\u1eebng kh\u00f3m; c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng theo h\u00e0ng trong r\u1eebng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y g\u1ed7 thu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd Tr\u00e1m (Burceraceae<\/em>), D\u1ebb (Fagaceae<\/em>), Vang (Ceasalpiniaceae<\/em>), v\u00ec v\u1eady di\u1ec7n t\u00edch tr\u1ed3ng Di\u1ec5n tr\u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m k\u00ea nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn con s\u1ed1 h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c ha \u1edf m\u1ed7i n\u01a1i, h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ha cho c\u1ea3 v\u00f9ng. Di\u1ec5n tr\u1ee9ng ra hoa t\u1eebng c\u00e2y trong kh\u00f3m ho\u1eb7c t\u1eebng kh\u00f3m trong l\u00e2m ph\u1ea7n; sau khi ra hoa th\u00ec c\u00e2y \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ebft nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y kh\u00e1c v\u1eabn sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng; t\u1edbi nay c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea1t ho\u1eb7c c\u00e2y con l\u00ean t\u1eeb h\u1ea1t! Chuk\u1ef3 ra hoa c\u1ee7a Di\u1ec5n tr\u1ee9ng c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo d\u00f5i \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh. V\u00ec v\u1eady, cho t\u1edbi nay sinh s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Di\u1ec5n tr\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eb1ng th\u00e2n ng\u1ea7m, ch\u00e9t, c\u00e0nh ho\u1eb7c th\u00e2n – \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn l\u00e0m gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n

Theo d\u00f5i m\u1ed9t kh\u00f3m Di\u1ec5n tr\u1ee9ng sau khi tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng:<\/p>\n

* N\u0103m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t: Ra nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 m\u0103ng, c\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 sau k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u0103ng c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn v\u00ec th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o g\u1ed1c gi\u1ed1ng n\u00ean m\u0103ng nh\u1ecf th\u1ea5p. Nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 sau, kh\u00f3m \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng n\u00ean m\u0103ng to h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

* N\u0103m th\u1ee9 2: Th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 2 v\u1ee5 m\u0103ng, v\u1ee5 m\u0103ng sau m\u0103ng cao to h\u01a1n v\u1ee5 tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

* N\u0103m th\u1ee9 3: C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eabn c\u00f3 2 v\u1ee5 m\u0103ng; tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u0103ng v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ng cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m tr\u1eddi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1ea1nh th\u00ec th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n m\u0103ng gi\u1eefa v\u1ee5.<\/p>\n

* T\u1eeb n\u0103m th\u1ee9 4, Di\u1ec5n tr\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e3 “\u1ea5m b\u1ee5i”, m\u00f9a m\u0103ng th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 5 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 9.<\/p>\n

* T\u1eeb n\u0103m th\u1ee9 5 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o khai th\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

M\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00f9a th\u01b0\u1eddng to kho\u1ebb, \u00edt ch\u1ebft; t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 m\u0103ng ch\u1ebft sau khi l\u00ean kh\u1ecfi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 50% (tuy m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n m\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c do b\u1ecb s\u00e2u v\u00f2i voi) v\u00ec v\u1eady c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c m\u0103ng l\u00ean cu\u1ed1i v\u1ee5 m\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn r\u1eebng Di\u1ec5n tr\u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n

Th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb l\u00fac m\u0103ng nh\u00fa kh\u1ecfi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh (ra \u0111u\u00f4i \u00e9n) v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 100 ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t kh\u00f3m Di\u1ec5n tr\u1ee9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 d\u01b0\u1edbi 50 c\u00e2y, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p tu\u1ed5i x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng 1, tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y t\u1eeb 8 \u0111\u1ebfn 10 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

3. Ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1<\/strong><\/p>\n

Di\u1ec5n tr\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf v\u00f9ng trung t\u00e2m B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01a1i ph\u1ee5 c\u1eadn, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u1edf Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd, Tuy\u00ean Quang, H\u00e0 Giang, Y\u00ean B\u00e1i. C\u00f3 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u vi\u1ebft l\u00e0 “\u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Di\u1ec5n tr\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 c\u1ea3 mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc v\u00e0 Nam” \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00eam.<\/p>\n

4. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc, Di\u1ec5n tr\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 Xenlulo 53%, Lignin 28,4%, c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ho\u00e0 tan trong dung m\u00f4i c\u1ed3n benzen l\u00e0 2,28%, trong NaOH 1% l\u00e0 21,8%, trong n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ea1nh l\u00e0 3,9%, trong n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng l\u00e0 4,39%. V\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i s\u1ee3i, Di\u1ec5n tr\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 s\u1ee3i d\u00e0i trung b\u00ecnh 2,694 mm (t\u1ed1i \u0111a t\u1edbi 4,034mm) chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng 19,94m, chi\u1ec1u d\u1ea7y 5,58m, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i \/chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 134,7. V\u00ec v\u1eady, n\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng Di\u1ec5n tr\u1ee9ng l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u gi\u1ea5y c\u0169ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao. T\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1edbi nay Di\u1ec5n tr\u1ee9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 s\u00e0n nh\u00e0, d\u00e1t gi\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u00e0nh tre . . M\u0103ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m nh\u01b0ng \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng v\u00ec h\u01a1i he. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e1 Di\u1ec5n tr\u1ee9ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u sang Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, \u0110\u00e0i Loan . . t\u1ea1o vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

5. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt kinh doanh<\/strong><\/p>\n

5.1. G\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Gi\u1ed1ng tr\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0: g\u1ed1c, ch\u00e9t, hom th\u00e2n, hom c\u00e0nh. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y gi\u1ed1ng hom c\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt b\u00f3 b\u1ea7u tr\u00ean c\u00e2y m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c tr\u1ed3ng thu\u1ea7n lo\u1ea1i: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u00f3 t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n tr\u1ed3ng Di\u1ec5n tr\u1ee9ng trong v\u01b0\u1eddn, xung quanh nh\u00e0, ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed3i, ven su\u1ed1i ho\u1eb7c t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ed3i th\u1ea5p v\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch nh\u1ecf 1-2ha. Trong th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 60, Tr\u1ea1i th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m C\u1ea7u Hai (nay l\u00e0 Trung t\u00e2m Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m L\u00e2m sinh C\u1ea7u Hai) c\u00f3 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u1ed3ng thu\u1ea7n lo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh r\u1eebng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3i. Tuy ch\u01b0a theo d\u00f5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e0i nh\u01b0ng khi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u1edbi r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng Di\u1ec5n tr\u1ee9ng Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n T\u00fd (1973) c\u00f3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng “sau khi tr\u1ed3ng tre thu\u1ea7n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00ec nhi\u00eau c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m \u0111i r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 r\u1eebng tre c\u00f3 l\u00e0m cho \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1edbt chua v\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Al+++ <\/sup>di \u0111\u1ed9ng song l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00f9n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3m \u0111i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t keo s\u00e9t b\u1ecb r\u1eeda tr\u00f4i v\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1u tho\u00e1i ho\u00e1 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, n\u00ean ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng r\u1eebng tre \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m x\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ea5t”.<\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c tr\u1ed3ng h\u1ed7n giao v\u1edbi c\u00e2y g\u1ed7: Trong r\u1eebng th\u1ee9 sinh ngh\u00e8o ki\u1ec7t sau khi h\u1ea1 b\u1edbt t\u1ea7ng t\u00e1n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i c\u00e2y nh\u1ee1 c\u00e2y b\u1ee5i, m\u1edf r\u1ea1ch trong r\u1eebng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ed3ng xen c\u00e2y g\u1ed7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng nh\u01b0ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec l\u00e2u d\u00e0i n\u00ean ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

5.2. Khai th\u00e1c<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u1ecf v\u1ec1 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 khai th\u00e1c cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

C\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i r\u1eebng (\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u cao c\u00e2y, c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea5t) n\u1ebfu ch\u1eb7t h\u1ebft t\u1eeb c\u00e2y hai tu\u1ed5i tr\u1edf l\u00ean th\u00ec c\u00e2y t\u00e1i sinh( m\u0103ng v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean) c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed 1,3m l\u00e0 7,02cm, chi\u1ec1u cao c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ee9ng b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n l\u00e0 12,48m, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 ch\u1eb7t t\u1eeb c\u00e2y 4 tu\u1ed5i tr\u1edf l\u00ean th\u00ec c\u00e2y t\u00e1i sinh (m\u0103ng v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean) c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed 1,3m l\u00e0 8,63cm v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u cao c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ee9ng b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n l\u00e0 17,8m. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e2y ch\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i sinh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i r\u1eebng sau \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u00f3 t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n khi khai th\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i c\u00e2y non ho\u1eb7c m\u0103ng, ki\u1ec3u ch\u1eb7t n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i v\u00ec c\u00e2y c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ed5 g\u1eaby, c\u00e2y t\u00e1i sinh b\u1ecb tho\u00e1i ho\u00e1, chu k\u1ef3 khai th\u00e1c ph\u1ea3i d\u00e0i. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 khai th\u00e1c Di\u1ec5n tr\u1ee9ng tuy ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo d\u00f5i nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc chung l\u00e0 ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ecdn t\u1eebng c\u00e2y (c\u00e2y 3 tu\u1ed5i l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1eb7t), l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e2y ch\u1eb7t ra b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u0103ng sinh ra trong chu k\u1ef3 ch\u1eb7t. Thao t\u00e1c khai th\u00e1c Di\u1ec5n tr\u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00ec Di\u1ec5n tr\u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gai, th\u01b0a c\u00e2y l\u1ea1i tr\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n n\u00ean chu k\u1ef3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 2,3 n\u0103m. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng chu k\u1ef3 2 n\u0103m v\u00e0 ch\u1eb7t c\u00e2y 4-5 tu\u1ed5i tr\u1edf l\u00ean ho\u1eb7c chu k\u1ef3 3 n\u0103m v\u00e0 ch\u1eb7t c\u00e2y 3 tu\u1ed5i tr\u1edf l\u00ean.<\/p>\n

6. Hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, Di\u1ec5n tr\u1ee9ng v\u1eabn l\u00e0 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n nh\u01b0ng r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00f9ng Trung t\u00e2m B\u1eafc b\u1ed9, gi\u1ed1ng tr\u1ed3ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng g\u1ed1c. T\u1eeb th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 60 phong tr\u00e0o tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u gi\u1ea5y n\u00ean c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0a Di\u1ec5n tr\u1ee9ng tr\u1ed3ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3i v\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng tr\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 c\u00e0nh b\u00f3 b\u1ea7u tr\u00ean c\u00e2y m\u1eb9. Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m v\u1eeba qua, Lu\u1ed3ng Thanh Ho\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf Trung t\u00e2m B\u1eafc b\u1ed9, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n th\u1ea5y tr\u1ed3ng Lu\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng Lu\u1ed3ng n\u00ean Di\u1ec5n tr\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 tr\u1ed3ng \u00edt \u0111i. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u thu mua l\u00e1 Di\u1ec5n tr\u1ee9ng c\u1ee1 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i n\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u gia \u0111\u00ecnh l\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1n tr\u1ed3ng Di\u1ec5n tr\u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n

7. Khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb<\/strong><\/p>\n

– Di\u1ec5n tr\u1ee9ng l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u1edf v\u00f9ng Trung t\u00e2m B\u1eafc b\u1ed9. Th\u00e2n tre c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n l\u1ea5y l\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u. C\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00f9ng Trung t\u00e2m B\u1eafc b\u1ed9 n\u00ean ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c tr\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n. Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c thu ho\u1ea1ch c\u00e2y theo chu k\u1ef3 th\u00ec th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean thu ho\u1ea1ch l\u00e1 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 thu nh\u1eadp th\u00eam cho gia \u0111\u00ecnh g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n xo\u00e1 \u0111\u00f3i gi\u1ea3m ngh\u00e8o.<\/p>\n

– Tr\u1ed3ng Di\u1ec5n tr\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi qui m\u00f4 l\u1edbn n\u00ean c\u00f3 c\u00e2y che ph\u1ee7, c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng xen v\u1edbi c\u00e2y g\u1ed7 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e2y h\u1ecd \u0110\u1eadu \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng “\u0111\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u1edbi r\u1eebng Di\u1ec5n tr\u1ee9ng b\u1ecb x\u1ea5u \u0111i”; v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00eam.<\/p>\n

summary:<\/h1>\n

Dendrocalamus sp. <\/em>is a large- sized bamboo species, thornless, with big leaves, planted for the culm and leaves. It is advisable to encourage the people in the Mid- region of North Vietnamto plant Dendrocalamus <\/em>sp in scattered planting system. If concentrated planting is done, Dendrocalamus <\/em>sp. must be mixed with tree species. Expansion of Dendrocalamus <\/em>sp. planting will contribute to raw material supply for paper and export commodities production.<\/p>\n

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/em><\/h1>\n

1. Tr\u1ea7n Nguy\u00ean Gi\u1ea3ng, 1975. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 tre n\u1ee9a (B\u00e1o c\u00e1o khoa h\u1ecdc).<\/p>\n

2. Tr\u1ea7n Xu\u00e2n Thi\u1ec7p, 1978. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra c\u00e2y r\u1eebng l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u gi\u1ea5y s\u1ee3i \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam(B\u00e1o c\u00e1o khoa h\u1ecdc).3. Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n T\u00fd, 1973. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1eebng tre Di\u1ec5n tr\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 Tre gai tr\u00f4ng thu\u1ea7n lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i C\u1ea7u Hai (B\u00e1o c\u00e1o khoa h\u1ecdc).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Di\u1ec5n tr\u1ee9ng là lo\u1ea1i tre to, không gai, lá l\u1edbn, m\u1ecdc c\u1ee5m- thân ng\u1ea7m d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7, th\u01b0a cây, thân khí sinh có ng\u1ecdn cong. Kích th\u01b0\u1edbc cây trung bình: Thân tre cao 15m, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kính 8cm, ng\u1ecdn cong dài 1m, lóng dài 38cm, vách thân d\u1ea7y 1,2cm, thân tre t\u01b0\u01a1i n\u1eb7ng 22kg. (theo tài li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c loài này có \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kính 8- 25cm). <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":true,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[81],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8606"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8606"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8606\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19295,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8606\/revisions\/19295"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8606"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8606"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8606"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}