{"id":8600,"date":"2009-03-24T02:24:49","date_gmt":"2009-03-23T19:24:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/2009\/03\/khai-thac-bao-dam-tai-sinh-va-su-dung-tre-lo-o-cho-nguyen-lieu-giay\/"},"modified":"2019-09-25T10:14:58","modified_gmt":"2019-09-25T03:14:58","slug":"khai-thac-bao-dam-tai-sinh-va-su-dung-tre-lo-o-cho-nguyen-lieu-giay","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/khai-thac-bao-dam-tai-sinh-va-su-dung-tre-lo-o-cho-nguyen-lieu-giay\/","title":{"rendered":"Khai th\u00e1c b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m t\u00e1i sinh v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tre L\u1ed3 \u00f4 cho nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u gi\u1ea5y"},"content":{"rendered":"

H\u1ee9a V\u0129nh T\u00f9ng<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Trung t\u00e2m NC L\u00e2m sinh L\u00e2m \u0110\u1ed3ng<\/h1>\n

Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/em><\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, theo s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 100 lo\u00e0i tre n\u1ee9a ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 kh\u1eafp c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Tre l\u1ed3 \u00f4 l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i phong ph\u00fa nh\u1ea5t trong r\u1eebng tre n\u1ee9a t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Lo\u00e0i n\u00e0y m\u1ecdc thu\u1ea7n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00f2n kho\u1ea3ng 200.000 ha t\u1eadp trung ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean, Thu\u1eadn H\u1ea3i, S\u00f4ng B\u00e9, \u0110\u1ed3ng Nai.<\/p>\n

L\u1ed3 \u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed3 gia d\u1ee5ng, m\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u gi\u1ea5y. Tuy v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c b\u1eeba b\u00e3i v\u00e0 canh t\u00e1c n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1eaby \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m di\u1ec7n t\u00edch v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a r\u1eebng. Vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p l\u00e2m sinh th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c r\u1eebng L\u1ed3 \u00f4 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac r\u1eebng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t l\u00fd ho\u00e1 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u gi\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

I. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00e1i sinh<\/strong><\/p>\n

Qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 L\u1ed3 \u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n th\u1ebf th\u1ee9 sinh b\u1edfi 2 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n: Sau khi khai th\u00e1c r\u1eebng g\u1ed7 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 sau khai th\u00e1c n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1eaby.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c tr\u1eafng, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i l\u00e0:<\/p>\n

– L\u00e3ng ph\u00ed ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean.<\/p>\n

– L\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n ng\u1ea7m (kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e2y m\u1eb9 cung c\u1ea5p dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng).<\/p>\n

– X\u00f3i m\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

– C\u1ecf d\u1ea1i x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n nhanh ch\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n

– Ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

Do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u00e2m sinh c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 L\u1ed3 \u00f4 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. \u0110\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m ngo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba, \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn khu r\u1eebng L\u1ed3 \u00f4 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u1edf ti\u1ec3u khu 200 thu\u1ed9c Ban Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1eebng ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 B\u1eafc L\u00e2m H\u00e0, huy\u1ec7n L\u00e2m H\u00e0, t\u1ec9nh L\u00e2m \u0110\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n

V\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u00e1c \u00f4 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u \u1edf ch\u00e2n, s\u01b0\u1eddn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed3i. L\u00e2m ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia l\u00e0m 3 t\u1ed5 tu\u1ed5i: non, v\u1eeba v\u00e0 gi\u00e0. Qua s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u hu th\u1eadp trong 4 l\u00f4 (tr\u1eeb l\u00f4 s\u1ed1 II) th\u00ec l\u00e2m ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 quy lu\u1eadt ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng theo tu\u1ed5i l\u00e0<\/p>\n

C\u00e2y v\u1eeba C\u00e2y non C\u00e2y gi\u00e0<\/p>\n

15% 19% 66%<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, do trong l\u00e2m ph\u1ea7n c\u00e2y non v\u00e0 c\u00e2y gi\u00e0 c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn, c\u00f2n c\u00e2y v\u1eeba \u00edt nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00ean \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh th\u00ec l\u00e2m ph\u1ea7n m\u1edbi \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3ng 1. Ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 s\u1ed1 c\u00e2y theo t\u1ed5 tu\u1ed5i<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
T\u1ed5 tu\u1ed5i<\/td>\nT\u1ef7 l\u1ec7<\/td>\nL\u00f4 I<\/td>\nL\u00f4 II<\/td>\nL\u00f4 III<\/td>\nL\u00f4 IV<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C\u00e2y non<\/td>\n19%<\/td>\n1066<\/td>\n1067<\/td>\n1537<\/td>\n1000<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C\u00e2y v\u1eeba<\/td>\n15%<\/td>\n735<\/td>\n1733<\/td>\n610<\/td>\n666<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C\u00e2y gi\u00e0<\/td>\n66%<\/td>\n3532<\/td>\n3667<\/td>\n3386<\/td>\n6267<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5333<\/td>\n6467<\/td>\n5533<\/td>\n7933<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

+ V\u1ec1 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng: L\u00e2m ph\u1ea7n L\u1ed3 \u00f4 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 t\u1eeb 2 \u2013 8cm, t\u1eadp trung nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t trong kho\u1ea3ng 5 \u2013 6cm; chi\u1ec1u cao ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 t\u1eeb 4 \u2013 17m, t\u1eadp trung ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu 9 \u2013 11m. Qua theo d\u00f5i cho th\u1ea5y ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ee7a r\u1eebng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec9nh do \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n ch\u1eb7t \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh.<\/p>\n

+ V\u1ec1 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9: R\u1eebng L\u1ed3 \u00f4 c\u00f3 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 cao, t\u1eeb 5000 \u2013 8000 c\u00e2y\/ ha, ch\u01b0a k\u1ec3 h\u1ed7n giao v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y g\u1ed7 t\u1ea1p kh\u00e1c. C\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cho r\u1eebng L\u1ed3 \u00f4 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ed1t, duy tr\u00ec l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 l\u00e2m ph\u1ea7n, \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed c\u00e1c c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c1: khai th\u00e1c 25% s\u1ed1 c\u00e2y trong l\u00e2m ph\u1ea7n<\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c 2: Khai th\u00e1c 50% s\u1ed1 c\u00e2y trong l\u00e2m ph\u1ea7n<\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c 3: Khai th\u00e1c 75% s\u1ed1 c\u00e2y trong l\u00e2m ph\u1ea7n<\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c 4: Kh\u00f4ng khai th\u00e1c (\u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng)<\/p>\n

Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 11\/ 1994 (\u0111\u1ea7u m\u00f9a kh\u00f4) nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f9a m\u01b0a l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u0103ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t theo c\u00e1c c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 khai th\u00e1c. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng khai th\u00e1c t\u1eeb 50 – 70% s\u1ed1 c\u00e2y trong l\u00e2m ph\u1ea7n th\u00ec l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u0103ng sinh s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1eeb 1,07 \u0111\u1ebfn 1,6 c\u00e2y m\u0103ng cho m\u1ed7i c\u00e2y ch\u1eeba l\u1ea1i. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00f4 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m (\u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng) kh\u00f4ng khai th\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c khai th\u00e1c c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p th\u00ec l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u0103ng sinh ra ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1t 0,15 \u0111\u1ebfn 0,4 cho m\u1ed7i c\u00e2y ch\u1eeba l\u1ea1i. (b\u1ea3ng 2).<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u cao th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n c\u00e2y m\u0103ng L\u1ed3 \u00f4 kh\u00f4ng khai th\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng sai kh\u00e1c nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u00f4 c\u00f3 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 khai th\u00e1c kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3ng 2. <\/em><\/strong>\u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u0103ng m\u1ecdc<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c<\/td>\nC\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 khai th\u00e1c<\/td>\nN\/ ha tr\u01b0\u1edbc khai th\u00e1c<\/td>\nN\/ ha sau khai th\u00e1c<\/td>\nS\u1ed1 m\u0103ng\/ ha<\/td>\nT\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 (%)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/p>\n

2<\/p>\n

3<\/p>\n

4<\/td>\n

25<\/p>\n

50<\/p>\n

75<\/p>\n

0<\/td>\n

5333<\/p>\n

6467<\/p>\n

7533<\/p>\n

7955<\/td>\n

4000<\/p>\n

3234<\/p>\n

1884<\/p>\n

7955<\/td>\n

1093<\/p>\n

2177<\/p>\n

2948<\/p>\n

1072<\/td>\n

27,3<\/p>\n

67,3<\/p>\n

156,4<\/p>\n

13,4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

B\u1ea3ng 3. \u1ea3nh<\/em><\/strong>h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u1ebfn sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a m\u0103ng<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c<\/td>\nC\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 khai th\u00e1c<\/td>\nChi\u1ec1u cao m\u0103ng (m)<\/td>\n\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngang ng\u1ef1c (cm)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/p>\n

2<\/p>\n

3<\/p>\n

4<\/td>\n

25<\/p>\n

50<\/p>\n

75<\/p>\n

0<\/td>\n

10,75<\/p>\n

10,95<\/p>\n

11,34<\/p>\n

9,5<\/td>\n

6,4<\/p>\n

6,2<\/p>\n

6,1<\/p>\n

5,9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

B\u1ea3ng tr\u00ean cho th\u1ea5y, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi L\u1ed3 \u00f4, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng khai th\u00e1c l\u1ea5y ra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb 50 \u2013 75% s\u1ed1 c\u00e2y trong l\u00e2m ph\u1ea7n. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft c\u1ea7n lo\u1ea1i kh\u1ecfi l\u00e2m ph\u1ea7n c\u00e2y s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh, c\u00f2i c\u1ecdc, c\u00e2y gi\u00e0 r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e2y v\u1eeba. Ch\u1ec9 khi khai th\u00e1c t\u1ed1i \u0111a v\u00e0o nh\u00f3m c\u00e2y v\u1eeba kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 10% m\u1edbi b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng cho l\u00e2m ph\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

M\u00f9a khai th\u00e1c \u1edf ph\u00eda Nam t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00f9a kh\u00f4 (th\u00e1ng 11) \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i m\u00f9a kh\u00f4 (th\u00e1ng 3): Th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho v\u1eadn xu\u1ea5t, v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n m\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 l\u00fac c\u00e2y m\u0103ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh, do \u0111\u00f3 \u00edt \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a r\u1eebng.<\/p>\n

II. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 l\u00fd v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a L\u1ed3 \u00f4<\/strong><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao: Vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y t\u1eeb L\u1ed3 \u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1eeb l\u00e2u, nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra gi\u1ea5y c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u L\u1ed3 \u00f4 th\u00ec ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn. \u0110\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i s\u00e2u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u1edf qui m\u00f4 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, t\u00ednh to\u00e1n gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

+ T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd:<\/p>\n

– T\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng trung b\u00ecnh 0,68g\/ cm3<\/sup> l\u00e0 t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i gi\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 b\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1, b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n, keo.<\/p>\n

– S\u1ee3i L\u1ed3 \u00f4 d\u00e0i, hai \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1ecdn, n\u1ebfu ph\u1ed1i ch\u1ebf t\u1ed1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao.<\/p>\n

– M\u1ea5u m\u1eaft chi\u1ebfm 15 \u2013 20%, chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i s\u1ee3i 1,9mm.<\/p>\n

+ Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc:<\/p>\n

H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cellulose c\u1ee7a L\u1ed3 \u00f4 kh\u00e1 cao (tr\u00ean 50%), nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ea5t ho\u00e0 tan trong NaOH 1% l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 19,2%, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lignin c\u0169ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 22,37%.<\/p>\n

+ V\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn: 3 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n n\u1ea5u b\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m:<\/p>\n

– N\u1ea5u v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau<\/p>\n

– N\u1ea5u v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 c\u00e1i v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c nhau;<\/p>\n

– N\u1ea5u v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb 3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n n\u1ea5u th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u00ean, \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0a ra ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n n\u1ea5u b\u1ed9t c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cellulose cao v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/p>\n

– M\u1ee9c ti\u00eau hao ki\u1ec1m: 19 \u2013 22% NaOH;<\/p>\n

– Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u: 1450<\/sup>C;<\/p>\n

– Th\u1eddi gian th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u: 60 ph\u00fat;<\/p>\n

– Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1ea5u t\u1ed1i \u0111a: 1650<\/sup>C<\/p>\n

– Th\u1eddi gian n\u1ea5u t\u1ed1i \u0111a: 160 \u2013 200 ph\u00fat.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u1ea9y:<\/p>\n

Ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m 2 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ea9y m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u00e0 t\u1ea9y hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n b\u1eb1ng hypoclorit canxi, cho th\u1ea5y t\u1ea9y hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u00e0 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1<\/td>\nT\u1ea9y \u1edf ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m<\/td>\nT\u1ea9y tr\u1eafng \u1edf nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/td>\nT\u1ea9y tr\u1eafng \u1edf nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y Li\u00ean X\u00f4 c\u0169<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i d\u00fat (m)<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed9 g\u1ea5p<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed9 tr\u1eafng<\/td>\n

6380 \u2013 6666<\/p>\n

150,7 \u2013 176,5<\/p>\n

71 – 78<\/td>\n

3136<\/p>\n

–<\/p>\n

75<\/td>\n

5250 \u2013 6000<\/p>\n

150 \u2013 230<\/p>\n

35<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

V\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n:<\/p>\n

– T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t: 7\/ 3<\/p>\n

– Th\u1eddi gian t\u1ea9y: 130 ph\u00fat;<\/p>\n

– PH trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea9y: 9 \u2013 11<\/p>\n

– X\u1ee7 l\u00fd Na2<\/sub>SO4<\/sub> \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i m\u00e0u.<\/p>\n

Nghi\u1ec1n b\u1ed9t theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u1eefng th\u1edb d\u00e0i \u1edf n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ed9t cao \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh c\u1eaft s\u1ee3i ng\u1eafn.<\/p>\n

N\u00ean xeo \u1edf n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 lo\u00e3ng v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea5y \u00eam d\u1ecbu tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t s\u1ebd ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u t\u1edd gi\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n

Ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1eed t\u1ea1i Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y Gi\u1ea5y Vi\u1ec5n \u0110\u00f4ng v\u1edbi 2 lo\u1ea1i gi\u1ea5y vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 gi\u1ea5y m\u1ecfng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n theo \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ti\u00eau hao th\u1ea5y:<\/p>\n

– Gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9: Gi\u1ea5y vi\u1ebft l\u00e0 9.001.410 \u0111\/ t\u1ea5n<\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea5y m\u1ecfng l\u00e0 10.556.486 \u0111\/ t\u1ea5n<\/p>\n

– Gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m: Gi\u1ea5y vi\u1ebft 7.800.000 \u0111\/ t\u1ea5n<\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea5y m\u1ecfng: 11.500.000\u0111\/ t\u1ea5n<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady: N\u1ebfu s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y vi\u1ebft t\u1eeb L\u1ed3 \u00f4 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb l\u1ed7 1.201.410\u0111\/ t\u1ea5n, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y m\u1ecfng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e3i 933.514\u0111\/ t\u1ea5n.<\/p>\n

III. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y t\u1eeb L\u1ed3 \u00f4 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ea7n g\u1eafn k\u1ebft t\u1eeb ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p khai th\u00e1c nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u1ee3p l\u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao, vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

Summary: <\/em><\/strong>Research has been conducted in natural bambusa procera forest, forest subdivision 200, managed by North Lam Ha (Lam Dong prov.) Protection Forest Management Board on suitable silvicultural measures for exploitation of bambusa procera forest in the direction of stable Forest structure and high productivity. The author points out that 50 – 75% of the culms in the forest stand can be harvested. However the medium – sized culms harvested must not exceed 10% their total number. Besides there also mentioned in this paper the research in laboratory the physical and mechanical properties of the raw material as well as processing technology, pilot production and production cost calculation.<\/p>\n

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Vi\u1ec7n KHLN Vi\u1ec7t Nam, 1996. Kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c r\u1eebng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p, tr 136 \u2013 137.<\/li>\n
  2. A.N Rao, X.P Zhang, S.L Zhu, 1991. Selected papers on recent bamboo research in China.<\/li>\n
  3. Fu Maoyi, Xiao Jianghua, 1993. Cultivation and Utilization on Bamboos. The Chinese Academy of forestry.<\/li>\n
  4. Internation tropical timber organization, 1992. Bomboo and its use. The Chinese Academy of forestry.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, theo s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng kê có kho\u1ea3ng 100 loài tre n\u1ee9a phân b\u1ed1 kh\u1eafp c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Tre l\u1ed3 ô là loài phong phú nh\u1ea5t trong r\u1eebng tre n\u1ee9a t\u1ef1 nhiên \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Loài này m\u1ecdc thu\u1ea7n lo\u1ea1i và còn kho\u1ea3ng 200.000 ha t\u1eadp trung ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam Tây Nguyên, Thu\u1eadn H\u1ea3i, Sông Bé, \u0110\u1ed3ng Nai.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[18],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8600"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8600"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8600\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19301,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8600\/revisions\/19301"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8600"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8600"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8600"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}