{"id":8590,"date":"2009-03-24T02:21:53","date_gmt":"2009-03-23T19:21:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/2009\/03\/gia-tri-duoc-lieu-va-cai-thien-chat-luong-trong-nuoi-trong-nhan-tao-nam-linh-chi-viet-nam\/"},"modified":"2019-09-25T10:18:40","modified_gmt":"2019-09-25T03:18:40","slug":"gia-tri-duoc-lieu-va-cai-thien-chat-luong-trong-nuoi-trong-nhan-tao-nam-linh-chi-viet-nam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/gia-tri-duoc-lieu-va-cai-thien-chat-luong-trong-nuoi-trong-nhan-tao-nam-linh-chi-viet-nam\/","title":{"rendered":"Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o n\u1ea5m Linh Chi Vi\u1ec7t Nam"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ph\u1ea1m Quang Thu<\/em><\/h1>\n

Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/em><\/p>\n

1. T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m Linh chi.<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u1ea5m Linh chi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb kho\u1ea3ng 4000 n\u0103m nay \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c. Ch\u01b0a th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng x\u1ea5u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Linh Chi.<\/p>\n

N\u0103m 1988, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 300 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb nh\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng Linh chi theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111i\u1ec1u ho\u00e0 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch. B\u1ec7nh gan v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ni\u1ec7u c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb kh\u1ea3 quan b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m t\u1eeb Linh chi. B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n S\u01a1n \u0110\u00f4ng, Trung Qu\u1ed1c d\u00f9ng “x\u00fap” Linh chi \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9c v\u00e0 b\u1ed5 gan c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t, trong 70.000 ca tr\u00ean 90% kh\u1ecfi b\u1ec7nh (Lui Xing Jia, 1994). T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 cho r\u1eb1ng n\u1ea5m Linh chi c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebft ni\u1ec7u, \u0111i\u1ec1u ho\u00e0 r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n n\u00e3o, tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c c\u01a1n k\u1ecbch ph\u00e1t ngh\u1ebdn m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 l\u00e0m d\u1ecbu th\u1ea7n kinh. Trong 319 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 kh\u1ecfi b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ea1t 89%.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 k\u00ecm h\u00e3m qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u1ebft t\u1ee5 ti\u1ec3u c\u1ea7u do chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Linh chi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng b\u1eb1ng invitro. N\u0103m 1990, Tao J. v\u00e0 Feng K. th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi 33 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n x\u01a1 c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch, trong \u0111\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ch\u1ed1ng ngh\u1ebdn m\u1ea1ch t\u1ecf ra kh\u1ea3 quan. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a Wang Chi v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 1994 tr\u00ean 35 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0nh tim t\u1ecf ra tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 tr\u00ean 85,7%.<\/p>\n

H\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Linh chi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng k\u00ecm h\u00e3m sinh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p cholesterol. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n cao huy\u1ebft \u00e1p v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec5m m\u1ee1 x\u01a1 m\u1ea1ch. Th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam tr\u00ean chu\u1ed9t cho th\u1ea5y l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cholesterol gi\u1ea3m t\u1edbi 50% khi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 0,4 gam\/kg th\u1ec3 tr\u1ecdng trong 30 ng\u00e0y (B\u00f9i Ch\u00ed Hi\u1ebfu v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, n\u0103m 1993). Tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb sau m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn t\u1ed1t, huy\u1ebft \u00e1p \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea7n, c\u00e1c c\u01a1n cao huy\u1ebft \u00e1p n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 t\u00e1i ph\u00e1t c\u0169ng nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n, th\u01b0a h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n. D\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c h\u1ea1 huy\u1ebft \u00e1p kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi Linh chi, t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh huy\u1ebft \u00e1p t\u0103ng r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y d\u01b0\u1ee3c (Kanmastuse K. v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 1985).<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ch\u1ed1ng ung th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m Linh chi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ung th\u01b0 ph\u1ed5i, ung th\u01b0 v\u00fa v\u00e0 ung th\u01b0 d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n n\u00e0y, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean 5 n\u0103m cao h\u01a1n nh\u00f3m kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng n\u1ea5m Linh chi. T\u1ea1i Trung t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh ung th\u01b0 \u1edf Tokyo, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m Linh chi, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi x\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ung th\u01b0 t\u1eed cung. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i ung th\u01b0 n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u1edf \u0110\u00e0i Loan cho bi\u1ebft n\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng Linh chi tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean g\u1ed7 Long n\u00e3o (Cinmamomum camphora<\/em>) cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t, kh\u1ed1i u ti\u00eau bi\u1ebfn ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. Hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c c\u0169ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ung th\u01b0 khoang mi\u1ec7ng (Chen, T.W. v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 1991), ung th\u01b0 gan (Hau v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 1996), \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p taxol t\u1eeb c\u00e2y Th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecf.<\/p>\n

Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng antioxydant (ch\u1ed1ng l\u00e3o ho\u00e1) c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c saponine – triterpenoids m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 ganoderic axit \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t. Ngay t\u1eeb th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 80, \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u1eed g\u1ed1c t\u1ef1 do hydroxyl v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh antioxydant, ch\u1ed1ng l\u00e3o ho\u00e1 c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m Linh chi (Wang J.F.. v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 1985).<\/p>\n

Linh chi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o ph\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi cho c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n nhi\u1ec5m HIV trong khi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c AZT, DDT v\u00e0 DDC c\u00f2n hi\u1ebfm v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eaft, ch\u01b0a k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 r\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng d\u00f9ng Linh chi trong \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb AIDS, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 Gau, J.P. v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 1990 v\u00e0 Kim, B.K. v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 1996.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh d\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00fd c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m Linh chi r\u1ea5t phong ph\u00fa n\u00ean c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ean g\u1ecdi kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0: B\u1ea5t l\u00e3o th\u1ea3o, V\u1ea1n ni\u00ean nhung, Th\u1ea7n ti\u00ean th\u1ea3o, Linh chi. \u1edfn\u01b0\u1edbc ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 n\u1ea5m Lim (v\u00ec m\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u \u1edf r\u1eebng Lim xanh)… trong \u0111\u00f3 t\u00ean Linh chi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t. Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0110\u1ed7 T\u1ea5t L\u1ee3i \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ecdi Linh chi l\u00e0 “si\u00eau d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u”, h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 nh\u00e2n s\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

2. Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1ea5m Linh chi Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/strong><\/p>\n

Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh sinh h\u1ecdc ch\u1ee9a trong th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3 nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch chi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng 2 lo\u1ea1i dung m\u00f4i: ete d\u1ea7u ho\u1ea3 v\u00e0 methanol. Th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3 m\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7ng n\u1ea5m Linh chi thu th\u1eadp t\u1eeb mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, ch\u1ee7ng G.l.HB. Th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3 nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng gi\u1ed1ng n\u1ea5m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp t\u1eeb ch\u1ee7ng gi\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y v\u00e0 nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean gi\u00e1 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u00f9n c\u01b0a g\u1ed7 t\u1ea1p. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u00e1ch chi\u1ebft, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u1edf b\u1ea3ng 1.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3ng 1. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m Linh chi t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1c l\u1edbp ch\u1ea5t ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc<\/td>\nN\u1ea5m t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/td>\nN\u1ea5m nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n (gam)<\/td>\nT\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 (%)<\/td>\nTr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n (gam)<\/td>\nT\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 (%)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sterin<\/p>\n

Lacton I<\/p>\n

Lacton II<\/p>\n

Ancaloides<\/p>\n

Glucosides v\u00e0 Ancaloides ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c<\/td>\n

0,1291<\/p>\n

0,1027<\/p>\n

0,0994<\/p>\n

0,1463<\/p>\n

0,1821<\/td>\n

1,291<\/p>\n

1,027<\/p>\n

0,994<\/p>\n

1,463<\/p>\n

1,821<\/td>\n

0,1349<\/p>\n

0,1035<\/p>\n

0,1435<\/p>\n

0,1359<\/p>\n

0,3061<\/td>\n

1,349<\/p>\n

1,035<\/p>\n

1,435<\/p>\n

1,359<\/p>\n

3,061<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u1edf b\u1ea3ng tr\u00ean cho th\u1ea5y c\u1eb7n d\u1ecbch chi\u1ebft ete d\u1ea7u ho\u1ea3 v\u00e0 methanol t\u1eeb th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3 m\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3 nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Steroides (sterin) l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh sinh h\u1ecdc, hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thu\u1ed1c ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh tim m\u1ea1ch, vitamin nh\u00f3m D v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ho\u00f3c m\u00f4n. H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t steroides ch\u1ee9a trong th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3 n\u1ea5m Linh chi Vi\u1ec7t Namcao, chi\u1ebfm 1,3%. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, theo s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc Trung Qu\u1ed1c, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t steroides c\u1ee7a Linh chi Trung Qu\u1ed1c ch\u1ec9 chi\u1ebfm 0,11% – 0,16%, th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n kho\u1ea3ng 10 l\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

3. C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1ea5m Linh chi th\u00f4ng qua k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m Linh chi c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1 th\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng. B\u1ed5 sung dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0o gi\u00e1 th\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh sinh h\u1ecdc cao th\u00ec ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m Linh chi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3 nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean gi\u00e1 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 b\u1ed5 sung dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 m\u00f9n c\u01b0a c\u00e2y Long n\u00e3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u1edf b\u1ea3ng 2.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3ng 2. C\u00e1c l\u1edbp ch\u1ea5t t\u00e1ch chi\u1ebft t\u1eeb th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3 nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

(S\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch b\u1edfi t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n Yung Ki\u00ean, \u0110\u00e0i Loan)<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
L\u1edbp ch\u1ea5t<\/td>\nH\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t theo tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4 (%)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
M\u1eabu 1*<\/td>\nM\u1eabu 2<\/td>\nM\u1eabu 3<\/td>\nM\u1eabu 4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Polysaccharides tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/p>\n

Triterpennoids<\/p>\n

Adenosine<\/td>\n

4,610<\/p>\n

0,680<\/p>\n

0,004<\/td>\n

13,720<\/p>\n

1,030<\/p>\n

0,047<\/td>\n

2,640<\/p>\n

0,740<\/p>\n

0,010<\/td>\n

2,950<\/p>\n

0,820<\/p>\n

0,024<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

M\u1eabu 1*: N\u1ea5m Linh chi m\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean thu t\u1ea1i B\u1eafc Giang ch\u1ee7ng G.l. HB<\/p>\n

M\u1eabu 2: N\u1ea5m Linh chi nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng t\u1eeb ch\u1ee7ng G.l.HB<\/p>\n

M\u1eabu 3: N\u1ea5m Linh chi m\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean t\u1ea1i \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t ch\u1ee7ng G.l.DL<\/p>\n

M\u1eabu 3: N\u1ea5m Linh chi nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng t\u1eeb ch\u1ee7ng G.l.DL<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3ng s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u tr\u00ean cho th\u1ea5y h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3mg polysaccharides tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a m\u1eabu n\u1ea5m Linh chi m\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean thu t\u1ea1i B\u1eafc Giang cao h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi m\u1eabu n\u1ea5m Linh chi thu t\u1ea1i \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t (kho\u1ea3ng 75%). H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng triterpennoids c\u1ee7a 2 ch\u1ee7ng n\u1ea5m g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng adenosine c\u1ee7a m\u1eabu n\u1ea5m Linh chi t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean thu t\u1ea1i \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t cao h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u (kho\u1ea3ng 150%) so v\u1edbi n\u1ea5m Linh chi thu t\u1ea1i B\u1eafc Giang.<\/p>\n

H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9a trong th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3 nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u t\u0103ng l\u00ean r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi th\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3 m\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. Linh chi nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7ng gi\u1ed1ng g\u1ed1c G.l.DL, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng polysaccharides tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u0103ng 12%, triterpennoids t\u0103ng 11% v\u00e0 adenosine t\u0103ng 14% so v\u1edbi Linh chi t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. Linh chi nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7ng gi\u1ed1ng g\u1ed1c G.l.HB, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng polysaccharides tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u0103ng 198%, triterpennoids t\u0103ng 51% v\u00e0 adenosine t\u0103ng 1075% so v\u1edbi Linh chi t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n

So s\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n nh\u00f3m ch\u1ea5t triterpennoids c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m Linh chi Vi\u1ec7t Nam Ganoderma lucidum<\/em> v\u00e0 Linh chi H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, \u0110\u00e0i Loan Ganoderma tsugae<\/em> b\u1eb1ng s\u1eafc k\u00fd l\u1ecfng (HPLC) cho th\u1ea5y th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a triterpennoids c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m Linh chi Vi\u1ec7t Nam phong ph\u00fa v\u00e0 c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau, trong khi \u0111\u00f3 Linh chi H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0i Loan ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 4 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 h\u00ecnh 1 v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh 2.<\/p>\n

H\u00ecnh 1: Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t trong triterpennoids c\u1ee7a linh chi Vi\u1ec7t NamGanoderma lucidum <\/em>ch\u1ee7ng G.l.HB<\/p>\n

H\u00ecnh 2: Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t trong triterpennoids c\u1ee7a Linh chi H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0i Loan Ganoderma tsugae<\/em><\/p>\n

4. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t v\u00e0 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/p>\n

* N\u1ea5m Linh chi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u qu\u00fd, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng x\u1ea5u n\u00e0o. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng n\u1ea5m Linh chi c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u00e0i n\u1ea5m n\u00e0y, mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf cao v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7.<\/p>\n

* Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m Linh chi ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o lo\u00e0i v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7ng. Ch\u1ee7ng n\u1ea5m Linh chi G.l.HB thu th\u1eadp t\u1eeb mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Namc\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng polysaccharides cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng kh\u00e1c. Nh\u00f3m ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n l\u00e0 ganoderan A,B,C, Beta-D-glucan v\u00e0 D6… c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng h\u1ea1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng huy\u1ebft, ch\u1ed1ng ung th\u01b0, t\u0103ng t\u00ednh mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch, t\u0103ng sinh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p protein.<\/p>\n

* Nh\u00f3m ch\u1ea5t triterpennoids c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng n\u1ea5m Linh chi Vi\u1ec7t Nam cao, nh\u00f3m ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n l\u00e0 ganoderic axit, ganodermadiol ganoderic axit T.O, lucidenol … c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf sinh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p cholesterol, \u0111i\u1ec1u ho\u00e0 huy\u1ebft \u00e1p v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng gan. Triterpennoids trong th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3 n\u1ea5m Linh chi Vi\u1ec7t Nam phong ph\u00fa v\u00e0 c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, trong khi \u0111\u00f3 triterpennoids c\u1ee7a Linh chi \u0110\u00e0i Loan v\u00e0 H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c (Ganoderma tsugae<\/em>) ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 4 nh\u00f3m h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

* Nh\u00f3m ch\u1ea5t adenosine v\u00e0 d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 trong th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3 n\u1ea5m Linh chi m\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean th\u1ea5p. Th\u00f4ng qua nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u00f3m ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t, trung b\u00ecnh t\u0103ng l\u00ean 1075%. T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf k\u1ebft d\u00ednh ti\u1ec3u c\u1ea7u, gi\u1ea3m \u0111au.<\/p>\n

* Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m Linh chi nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf b\u1ed5 sung ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u00e1 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh sinh h\u1ecdc cao. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ung th\u01b0 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ho\u00e0 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch, gi\u00e1 th\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng n\u1ea5m Linh chi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung m\u00f9n c\u01b0a c\u00e2y Long n\u00e3o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e0nh, l\u00e1 ho\u1eb7c m\u00f9n c\u01b0a c\u00e2y H\u1ed3ng T\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. B\u00f9i Ch\u00ed Hi\u1ebfu v\u00e0 c\u00e1c CTV, 1993 T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m linh chi. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9, Tp HCM, 1993.<\/p>\n

2. Chang R., 1996 Ganoderma polysaccharides: current concepts and applications. Proc. 94 Inter. Sym. On ganoderma Res., p39-40. Beijing, China, 1994.<\/p>\n

3. Chen T.W. et al. 1991 Invitro cytotoxicity of Ganoderma lucidum<\/p>\n

4. \u0110\u1ed7 T\u1ea5t L\u1ee3i, L\u00ea Duy Th\u1eafng, Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Luy\u1ebfn1994 N\u1ea5m Linh chi, nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 HCM, 1994.<\/p>\n

5. Gau J.P.,C.K. Lin, S.S. Lee, S.R. Wang,1990 The lack of antiplatelet effect of crude extracts from Ganoderma lucidum on HIV-positive hemophiliacs. Am. J. Chin. Med. 18(3-4), 175-9, 1990.<\/p>\n

6. Kim B.K. et al, 1996 Anti-HIV activities of Ganoderma lucidum Proc. 94 Inter. Conf. On Ganoderma Res., Taipei, Tawan, 1996.<\/p>\n

7. Lui X. J.,1994 Hepatopathy and uterofunctional Bleeding mainly Treated with Ganoderma lucidum.<\/p>\n

Proc. 94 Inter. Sym. On Ganoderma Res., p58-9. Beijing, China, 1994.<\/p>\n

8. Ph\u1ea1m Quang Thu, 1994 Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m sinh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m lim Ganoderma lucidum \u1edf v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f4ng b\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Lu\u1eadn \u00e1n PTS, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1994<\/p>\n

9. Tao J. ,Feng K., 1990 Experimental and clinical studies on inhibitory effect of Ganoderma lucidum on platelet aggregation. J. TongjiUniv.10(4),240-3, 1990<\/p>\n

10. Wang Chi, Zh. Y. Hua, 1994 A new kind of preparation of Ganoderma lucidum in treating 35 patients with coronary cardiac disease. Proc. 94 Inter. Sym. On Ganoderma Res., p58-9. Beijing, China, 1994.<\/p>\n

11. Wang J.F. et al, 1985 Study of the action of Ganoderma lucidum on scavenging hydroxyl radicals from plasma. J. Tradit, Chin. Med. 5(1): 55-60.<\/p>\n

Pharmaceutical value and improvement of cultivated Ganoderma species in Viet Nam<\/strong><\/p>\n

Summary:<\/em><\/strong>Ganoderma species serves as a valuable pharmaceutical material with outstanding efficiency in treatment of heart and vascular disease, tumors and ageing. Notoxic or bad effected are found with it. The quality of Ganoderma species depends on species and variety. The variety G.I. HB collected in North Viet Namhas polysaccharides content higher than that of other varieties. This group of substances is effective against cancer, improving immunity increasing biological synthesis of protein. Content of the group of triterpennoids in Ganoderma varieties of Viet Namis high, the group of these substances inhibits biological synthesis of cholesterol, regulates blood pressure and enhances the function of liver. Triterpennoids in fruit bodies of ganoderma species in Viet Namare rich with many other compounds that are not yet studied while Ganoderma tsugue of Taiwanand South Koreahas only four main compounds. Quality of cultivated Ganoderma is improved due to supplementation of nutrients and the use of the media containing substances of high biological activity. To enhance the capability of cancer control and immunity regulation,medium for ganoderma cultivation is added with saw dust of Cinnamomum camphora wood and especially branches, leaves or saw dust of Dacrydium pierrei.<\/p>\n

*************************************************<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

N\u0103m 1988, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111ã có 300 b\u1ec7nh nhân b\u1ecb nh\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb thành công b\u1eb1ng Linh chi theo nguyên t\u1eafc \u0111i\u1ec1u hoà mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch. B\u1ec7nh gan và ti\u1ebft ni\u1ec7u c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb kh\u1ea3 quan b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m t\u1eeb Linh chi. B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n S\u01a1n \u0110ông, Trung Qu\u1ed1c dùng “xúp” Linh chi \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9c và b\u1ed5 gan có k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t, trong 70.000 ca trên 90% kh\u1ecfi b\u1ec7nh (Lui Xing Jia, 1994). Tác gi\u1ea3 cho r\u1eb1ng n\u1ea5m Linh chi có tác d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebft ni\u1ec7u, \u0111i\u1ec1u hoà r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n tu\u1ea7n hoàn não, tránh các c\u01a1n k\u1ecbch phát ngh\u1ebdn m\u1ea1ch và làm d\u1ecbu th\u1ea7n kinh. Trong 319 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 kh\u1ecfi b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ea1t 89%. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[18],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8590"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8590"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8590\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19311,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8590\/revisions\/19311"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8590"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8590"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8590"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}