{"id":8574,"date":"2009-03-24T02:16:51","date_gmt":"2009-03-23T19:16:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/2009\/03\/thuc-trang-va-co-che-chinh-sach-co-lien-quan-den-den-quan-ly-khai-thac-su-dung-nguon-gen-cay-rung\/"},"modified":"2019-09-25T10:24:45","modified_gmt":"2019-09-25T03:24:45","slug":"thuc-trang-va-co-che-chinh-sach-co-lien-quan-den-den-quan-ly-khai-thac-su-dung-nguon-gen-cay-rung","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/thuc-trang-va-co-che-chinh-sach-co-lien-quan-den-den-quan-ly-khai-thac-su-dung-nguon-gen-cay-rung\/","title":{"rendered":"Th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, khai th\u00e1c, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n GEN c\u00e2y r\u1eebng"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng Ngh\u0129a<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p VN<\/em><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi n\u1eb1m \u1edf v\u00f9ng \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00e1, c\u00f3 t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 kho\u1ea3ng 331.220 km2<\/sup>, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u1eeb v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 8 o<\/sup> B\u1eafc t\u1edbi v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 23 o<\/sup> B\u1eafc, trong \u0111\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch r\u1eebng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1eebng l\u00e0 19 tri\u1ec7u ha, chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 60% di\u1ec7n t\u00edch to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c (T\u1ed5ng c\u1ee5c Th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, 1994). S\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn di\u1ec7n t\u00edch r\u1eebng cho \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 2000 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea nh\u01b0 sau (B\u00e1o Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, 23-4-2000):<\/p>\n

\u00b7 R\u1eebng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean : 9.494.000 ha<\/p>\n

\u00b7 R\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng : 1.390.469 ha<\/p>\n

\u00b7 T\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch r\u1eebng: 10.884.469 ha, \u0111\u1ed9 che ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1t 33,31%.<\/p>\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt r\u1eebng Vi\u1ec7t Namr\u1ea5t phong ph\u00fa v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng. Ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang ng\u00e0nh Khuy\u1ebft th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt (Ptesidophyta<\/em>), ng\u00e0nh H\u1ea1t tr\u1ea7n (Gymnospermae<\/em>) v\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh H\u1ea1t k\u00edn (Angiospermae<\/em>) \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 11.000 lo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a tr\u00ean 2.500 chi. T\u1eeb xa x\u01b0a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y l\u00e0m l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, th\u1ee9c \u0103n ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i, thu\u1ed1c ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh, nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u, c\u00e2y c\u1ea3nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kh\u00e1c. N\u0103m 1993, Vi\u1ec7n Sinh th\u00e1i v\u00e0 T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean Sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u kho\u1ea3ng 1.900 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y c\u00f3 \u00edch \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta thu\u1ed9c g\u1ea7n 1.000 chi, 230 lo\u00e0i h\u1ecd; song ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y c\u00f2n t\u0103ng l\u00ean n\u1eefa nh\u1edd c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, \u0111i\u1ec1u tra t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 h\u01a1n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c, c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111i\u1ec1u tra g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y cho th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng tr\u00ean 3.000 lo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e1ng lo ng\u1ea1i l\u00e0 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch r\u1eebng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ta \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m \u0111i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng tr\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi 100.000 ha r\u1eebng b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t \u0111i m\u1ed7i n\u0103m. Theo K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0110a d\u1ea1ng Sinh h\u1ecdc (1995), n\u01b0\u1edbc ta c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 28% lo\u00e0i th\u00fa, 10% lo\u00e0i chim v\u00e0 21% b\u00f2 s\u00e1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt l\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u01b0 \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng. Do t\u1ea7ng c\u00e2y che ph\u1ee7 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 b\u1ecf m\u00e0 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ecb t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n; chu tr\u00ecnh C, N v\u00e0 P, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 c\u0169ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng. Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch che ph\u1ee7 r\u1eebng b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat, g\u00e2y x\u00f3i m\u00f2n, l\u0169 l\u1ee5t v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. B\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ngu\u1ed3n gen c\u00e2y r\u1eebng g\u1eafn v\u1edbi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nguy\u00ean v\u1eb9n c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i r\u1eebng \u0111ang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta.<\/p>\n

I. C\u00e1c c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ngu\u1ed3n gen c\u00e2y r\u1eebng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960 v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u01b0\u1eddn qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc: V\u01b0\u1eddn qu\u1ed1c gia C\u00fac Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 1962. N\u0103m 1972, Ph\u00e1p l\u1ec7nh v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 r\u1eebng \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m l\u00e2m v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 10.000 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 ki\u1ec3m l\u00e2m tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u0169ng trong ph\u00e1p l\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y, \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m r\u1eebng c\u1ea5m<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh 194\/CT c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng k\u00fd ng\u00e0y 9\/8\/1986, Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng r\u1eebng \u0111\u1eb7c d\u1ee5ng g\u1ed3m 87 r\u1eebng c\u1ea5m trong kh\u1eafp c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea1t kho\u1ea3ng 1 tri\u1ec7u ha v\u00e0 ba lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh r\u1eebng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0: V\u01b0\u1eddn qu\u1ed1c gia, Khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 r\u1eebng V\u0103n h\u00f3a – L\u1ecbch s\u1eed – M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Hi\u1ec7n nay h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng r\u1eebng \u0111\u1eb7c d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 bao g\u1ed3m tr\u00ean 100 r\u1eebng c\u1ea5m trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 12 V\u01b0\u1eddn qu\u1ed1c gia l\u00e0 Ba B\u1ec3, Ba V\u00ec, B\u1ea1ch M\u00e3, B\u1ebfn En, C\u00e1t B\u00e0, C\u00e1t Ti\u00ean, C\u00f4n \u0110\u1ea3o, C\u00fac Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c, Tam \u0110\u1ea3o, Yordon v\u00e0 Tr\u00e0m Chim. N\u0103m 1991, Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ban h\u00e0nh Lu\u1eadt b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1eebng<\/em><\/strong> v\u00e0 n\u0103m 1994 l\u00e0 Lu\u1eadt b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/em><\/strong> c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u v\u0103n b\u1ea3n d\u01b0\u1edbi lu\u1eadt kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf ph\u00e1p l\u00fd c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n cho c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng r\u1eebng \u0111\u1eb7c d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0y. N\u0103m 1991, Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 ra \u0111\u1eddi g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n quy ho\u1ea1ch t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p trong ph\u1ea1m vi to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c. V\u1edbi c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc, S\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecf Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o trong \u0111\u00f3 T\u1eadp I, ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt (xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n n\u0103m 1992) bao g\u1ed3m 347 lo\u00e0i; T\u1eadp II, ph\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt (xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n n\u0103m 1996) g\u1ed3m 350 lo\u00e0i hi\u1ebfm v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb \u0111e do\u1ea1.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111ang d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn quy ho\u1ea1ch 2 tri\u1ec7u ha r\u1eebng, b\u1eb1ng 10% di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1eebng v\u00e0 6% di\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng r\u1eebng \u0111\u1eb7c d\u1ee5ng bao g\u1ed3m 194 khu trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 tham gia nhi\u1ec1u ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 sinh quy\u1ec3n (MAB – Man and Biosphere) c\u1ee7a UNESCO, C\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc RAMSAR (C\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea5t ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc ) m\u00e0 khu b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 Xu\u00e2n Thu\u1ef7 (Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi v\u00e0o danh s\u00e1ch C\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u1edf c\u1ee7a chim n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/em><\/strong> v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1989 v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean th\u1ee9 50 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y. Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 tham gia k\u00fd c\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc CITES (C\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt hoang d\u1ea1i b\u1ecb \u0111e do\u1ea1) v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1994 v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady n\u01b0\u1edbc ta c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd vi\u1ec7c bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i hoang d\u1ea1i. N\u0103m 1993, Vi\u1ec7t Namk\u00fd C\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 \u0110a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc, cam k\u1ebft h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u1edf trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 10\/1994 v\u00e0 do v\u1eady Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u0111ang h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng theo tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

II. Nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ngu\u1ed3n gen c\u00e2y r\u1eebng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/p>\n

\u00b7 Nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt r\u1eebng ho\u1eb7c xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t c\u00f2n n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng r\u1eebng \u0111\u1eb7c d\u1ee5ng; nhi\u1ec1u khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n c\u00f2n qu\u00e1 nh\u1ecf, manh m\u00fan, r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 th\u00fa l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 t\u00ea gi\u00e1c, voi, h\u1ed5, b\u00f2 x\u00e1m, b\u00f2 t\u00f3t, b\u00f2 r\u1eebng v.v.<\/p>\n

\u00b7 C\u00e1c c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c r\u1eebng \u0111\u1eb7c d\u1ee5ng song ch\u01b0a quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng lo\u00e0i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Hi\u1ec7n nay ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ecb di truy\u1ec1n (isoenzyme v\u00e0 DNA markers) v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ecb di truy\u1ec1n l\u00e0m c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng di truy\u1ec1n \u1edf c\u00e2y r\u1eebng.<\/p>\n

\u00b7 T\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng thu\u1ea7n lo\u1ea1i v\u1edbi c\u00e2y n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao (\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi r\u1eebng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t) m\u00e0 ch\u01b0a ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng lo\u00e0i trong r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng, ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng v\u00e0o tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng. C\u01a1 c\u1ea5u c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba \u1edf r\u1eebng \u0111\u1eb7c d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 r\u1eebng ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i.<\/p>\n

\u00b7 \u0110\u1ea7u t\u01b0 cho nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ngu\u1ed3n gen c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ea1nh, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean di truy\u1ec1n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n gen qu\u00fd c\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n.<\/p>\n

\u00b7 Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1eebng \u0111\u1eb7c d\u1ee5ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c (m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 tr\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi 50% c\u00e1c khu r\u1eebng c\u1ea5m l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ban qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd) v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 (d\u00e2n v\u1eabn ph\u00e1 \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i), kinh ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 th\u1ea5p, thi\u1ebfu c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, thi\u1ebfu quy ho\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n

\u00b7 Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1eebng \u0111\u1eb7c d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 r\u1eebng ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean. Ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn khai th\u00e1c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u1ed1n r\u1eebng trong khi v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng di truy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n

\u00b7 Ch\u01b0a quan t\u00e2m s\u00e2u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n chuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ed7 (ex situ<\/em>) cho c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y \u01b0u ti\u00ean, c\u00e2y c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ngu\u1ed3n gen c\u00e2y r\u1eebng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

\u00b7 H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u v\u0103n b\u1ea3n song v\u1eabn thi\u1ebfu, ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o v\u00e0 k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c. Ngay t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1960, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 ban h\u00e0nh ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb c\u1ea5m b\u1eafn voi, nh\u01b0ng cho t\u1edbi nay voi v\u1eabn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c b\u1ecb s\u0103n b\u1eafn v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng suy gi\u1ea3m nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng t\u1eeb kho\u1ea3ng 2000 con n\u0103m 1990 nay ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n tr\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi 110 con tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m 20 l\u1ea7n. G\u1ea5u ch\u00f3 v\u00e0 g\u1ea5u ng\u1ef1a \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u00ean trong Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh 18\/H\u0110BT c\u1ea5m ho\u1eb7c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u0103n b\u1eafn<\/em>, th\u1ebf m\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n nay vi\u1ec7c nu\u00f4i nh\u1ed1t g\u1ea5u t\u1ea1i gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y m\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn kh\u1eafp to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c. Ri\u00eang th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1ee3t ki\u1ec3m k\u00ea \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 2000 cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ea5u nu\u00f4i nh\u1ed1t \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean t\u1edbi g\u1ea7n 700 con (B\u00e1o H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i m\u1edbi, th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 2000). Ng\u00e0y 03-02-2000 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 ban h\u00e0nh Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh 03-2000\/N\u0110-CP, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn thi h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt Doanh nghi\u1ec7p, trong \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec1u 3, kho\u1ea3n K, m\u1ee5c 1 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 : nu\u00f4i nh\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt hoang d\u00e3 l\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 c\u1ea5m kinh doanh<\/em>. Vi\u1ec7t Namc\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd C\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf CITES v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt hoang d\u00e3<\/em>, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i g\u1ea5u. Cho t\u1edbi nay c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd tho\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1ng, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt Vi\u1ec7t Namv\u00e0 C\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

\u00b7 Trong 3 n\u0103m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n Ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb 287\/TTg, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd 125.880 v\u1ee5 vi ph\u1ea1m Lu\u1eadt b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1eebng, trong \u0111\u00f3 kh\u1edfi t\u1ed1 915 v\u1ee5 vi ph\u1ea1m nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. \u0110\u00e3 t\u1ecbch thu 126.441 m3 kh\u1ed1i g\u1ed7 tr\u00f2n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 11.500 m3 g\u1ed7 qu\u00fd hi\u1ebfm, h\u01a1n 102 t\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt hoang d\u00e3. Song c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 vi ph\u1ea1m v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ed1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi h\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u1ee5 (c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 ki\u1ec3m l\u00e2m) l\u1ea1i ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 x\u1ea3y ra tr\u00ean ph\u1ea1m vi r\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

\u00b7 Nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt hoang d\u00e3 th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ec5 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd, c\u00f2n c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt hoang d\u1ea1i l\u1ea1i kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt qu\u00fd hi\u1ebfm, c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao, d\u1ec5 khai th\u00e1c, d\u1ec5 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y l\u00e0m thu\u1ed1c, c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i phong lan qu\u00fd, c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y c\u1ea3nh hi\u1ebfm v.v. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, song \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i tr\u00ean danh ngh\u0129a, trong khi ch\u00fang v\u1eabn b\u1ecb khai th\u00e1c tr\u00e0n lan kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch g\u00ec ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t n\u1ed5i. V\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990, h\u00e0ng t\u1ea5n h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng qu\u1ebf n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng qu\u1ebf Thanh Ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 Y\u00ean B\u00e1i \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea7m \u0129 xu\u1ea5t l\u1eadu qua bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 b\u1ecb c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan h\u1eefu tr\u00e1ch ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n, x\u1eed l\u00fd. Nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n gen qu\u00fd c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1nh m\u00e0 bay \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u cho c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

\u00b7 C\u00e1c v\u01b0\u1eddn qu\u1ed1c gia, khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ngu\u1ed3n gen c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt qu\u00fd hi\u1ebfm cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, song vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t c\u1eadp, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 :<\/p>\n

– B\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n l\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, song m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u01b0\u1eddn v\u00e0 khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ch\u1ec9 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00e0 qu\u00ean \u0111i tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ngu\u1ed3n gen ra ngo\u00e0i v\u00f9ng ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1, do v\u1eady m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c tr\u00e1ch c\u1ed1 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch c\u1ea5m \u0111o\u00e1n, l\u1ea3ng tr\u00e1nh, g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 d\u1ec5 cho c\u00e1c c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng s\u01b0u t\u1eadp, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ngu\u1ed3n gen c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 thu th\u1eadp m\u1eabu v\u1eadt, h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng, hom c\u00e0nh cho x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng di\u1ec7n h\u1eb9p (r\u1eebng gi\u1ed1ng), trong khi \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i thu th\u1eadp m\u1eabu v\u1eadt nh\u1eb1m ki\u1ebfm l\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

– C\u00e1c v\u01b0\u1eddn qu\u1ed1c gia, khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang l\u00e0 n\u01a1i l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng thu th\u1eadp ngu\u1ed3n gen b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p. M\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t do kh\u00f3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd k\u00e9m, m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c do hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt th\u1ea5p n\u00ean y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 r\u0103n \u0111e k\u00e9m, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

– M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e2n c\u01b0 s\u1ed1ng quanh c\u00e1c khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n l\u00e0 cao v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5p, c\u00f3 n\u01a1i d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 sinh s\u1ed1ng ngay trong v\u00f9ng l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n, trong khi \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t m\u1ecfng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. Do v\u1eady mu\u1ed1n th\u1ef1c thi ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt t\u1ed1t c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i g\u1eafn v\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

\u00b7 Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh 18\/H\u0110BT \u0111\u00e3 ban h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e2y 8 n\u0103m, do v\u1eady danh m\u1ee5c lo\u00e0i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c b\u1ed5 sung, s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n. Trong th\u1eddi gian qua \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u thay \u0111\u1ed5i, nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean hi\u1ebfm h\u01a1n n\u00ean c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung v\u00e0o danh m\u1ee5c, trong khi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i kh\u00e1c l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n n\u00ean c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra kh\u1ecfi danh s\u00e1ch. Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean song danh m\u1ee5c lo\u00e0i c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 5 n\u0103m m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

\u00b7 Thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n gen (t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean di truy\u1ec1n) trong c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1p l\u00fd n\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ch\u1ec9 n\u00eau chung chung m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, nhi\u1ec1u khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta cho b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ngu\u1ed3n gen, ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee9 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 l\u00e0m xong nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ngu\u1ed3n gen.<\/p>\n

\u00b7 Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef r\u1eebng c\u1ea5m<\/em> (Protected Forests) ho\u1eb7c r\u1eebng \u0111\u1eb7c d\u1ee5ng<\/em> (Special use Forests) ng\u00e0y nay ch\u01b0a n\u00f3i l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n n\u00ean d\u1ec5 l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m r\u1eb1ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, c\u1ea5m m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m khai th\u00e1c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. N\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 c\u1ea5m th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tranh th\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ngu\u1ed3n gen tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i.<\/p>\n

\u00b7 Trong c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, c\u00f2n thi\u1ebfu c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 kinh ph\u00ed cho b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ngu\u1ed3n gen bao g\u1ed3m \u0111i\u1ec1u tra, kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c qu\u1ea7n th\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ex situ<\/em> v\u00ec v\u1eady c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 xin c\u1ea5p v\u1ed1n cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

\u00b7 Quy ch\u1ebf Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1eebng \u0111\u1eb7c d\u1ee5ng do B\u1ed9 L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p ban h\u00e0nh n\u0103m 1986 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c \u1edf c\u1ea5p ng\u00e0nh v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p t\u1ec9nh n\u00ean hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c c\u00f2n th\u1ea5p tr\u00ean ph\u1ea1m vi qu\u1ed1c gia. Vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ngu\u1ed3n gen \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt r\u1eebng n\u00f3i chung trong c\u00e1c VQG, khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p r\u00f5 ho\u1eb7c c\u00f2n ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o gi\u1eefa B\u1ed9 NN – PTNT v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 gi\u1eefa B\u1ed9 NN – PTNT v\u1edbi B\u1ed9 Khoa h\u1ecdc – C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 – M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng; trong khi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ngu\u1ed3n gen c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c trong r\u1eebng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft do ai qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, khai th\u00e1c, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng: B\u1ed9 NN – PTNT hay B\u1ed9 Y t\u1ebf ? Nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n gen c\u00f2n b\u1ecb coi nh\u1eb9, b\u1ecb b\u1ecf r\u01a1i ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ai quan t\u00e2m. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u01a1 quan ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u1ec9 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn khai th\u00e1c l\u1ea5y s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 cho b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n. C\u1ee5c M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 KH – CN – MT h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c B\u1ed9 ng\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c thi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n gen cho h\u1ee3p l\u00fd ? \u0110\u1ed9i ng\u0169 ki\u1ec3m l\u00e2m m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt c\u00e2y g\u1ed7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt hoang d\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00f2n b\u1ecf s\u00f3t h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y v\u00e0 con kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

\u00b7 Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh 242\/TTg ch\u1ec9 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt hoang d\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n gen th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt qu\u00fd hi\u1ebfm.<\/p>\n

\u00b7 Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh 08\/2001\/Q\u0110\/TTg c\u00f3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y trong c\u00e1c r\u1eebng \u0111\u1eb7c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ban qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd khu r\u1eebng cho ph\u00e9p v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n theo s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ki\u1ec3m tra c\u1ee7a Ban qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n thu\u00ea hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft kh\u00e1c cho Ban qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd; ph\u1ea3i g\u1eedi b\u00e1o c\u00e1o hay k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u1ec7m thu cho Ban qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y kh\u00e1 r\u00f5 l\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh cho nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00ec r\u1ea5t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c, song kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh g\u00ec v\u1ec1 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ngu\u1ed3n gen cho Ban qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v.v. H\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt n\u00e0o n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea5m k\u1ef5, nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

\u00b7 Ch\u01b0a h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 quy ch\u1ebf c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho trao \u0111\u1ed5i ngu\u1ed3n gen v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n gen \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u1eb7c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf trao \u0111\u1ed5i; c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong trao \u0111\u1ed5i, gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n chia l\u1ee3i \u00edch.<\/p>\n

III. Khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb<\/p>\n

\u00b7 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1ea7n s\u1edbm ban h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t Ph\u00e1p l\u1ec7nh v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i ngu\u1ed3n gen \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5, tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng B\u1ed9, ng\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c quy ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng B\u1ed9, ng\u00e0nh v\u00e0 t\u1eebng c\u1ea5p v\u1ec1 trao \u0111\u1ed5i ngu\u1ed3n gen c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng ng\u00e0nh v\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n gen trong ph\u1ea1m vi m\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. Ph\u1ea3i coi ngu\u1ed3n gen – t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean di truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt r\u1eebng l\u00e0 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean qu\u1ed1c gia c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e2u b\u1ec1n cho hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 cho c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n gen ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng, \u00edt g\u00e2y t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u1ea5u cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 cho ch\u00ednh ngu\u1ed3n gen \u0111\u00f3. C\u1ea7n c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n gen c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n gen c\u00e2y r\u1eebng v\u00ec c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y kh\u00e1c nhau r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n

\u00b7 N\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c, t\u00ednh nghi\u00eam minh v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i ngu\u1ed3n gen. X\u1eed l\u00fd nghi\u00eam c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i ngu\u1ed3n gen song kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi Ban qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n gen c\u00f2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o. Ban qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i ho\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n gen m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ngu\u1ed3n gen \u0111\u00f3 trong nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

\u00b7 C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 quy ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n gen \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt hoang d\u00e3 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch g\u00e2y nu\u00f4i, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 kinh doanh, xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u ch\u00fang nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 s\u1ea5u, tr\u0103n, phong lan, c\u00e2y d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u, c\u00e2y c\u1ea3nh kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

\u00b7 Ban h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, quy ho\u1ea1ch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd c\u00e1c khu r\u1eebng \u0111\u1eb7c d\u1ee5ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n gen n\u1eb1m trong l\u00f2ng ch\u00fang, trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u01b0u \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

\u00b7 C\u1ea7n c\u00f3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n gen \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n, trong \u0111\u00f3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 cho nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

\u00b7 C\u1ea7n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 kinh ph\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf c\u1ea5p v\u1ed1n gi\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ngu\u1ed3n gen b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh ngu\u1ed3n kinh ph\u00ed chung cho b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean. N\u00ean th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00e1c qu\u1ef9 gi\u00e0nh cho b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ngu\u1ed3n gen nh\u1eb1m t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ngu\u1ed3n gen.<\/p>\n

\u00b7 C\u1ea7n c\u00f3 quy ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 trao \u0111\u1ed5i ngu\u1ed3n gen v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i trong \u0111\u00f3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n gen \u0111\u01b0\u01a1c trao \u0111\u1ed5i, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf trao \u0111\u1ed5i; tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00ean; nh\u1eefng r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c mang t\u00ednh nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p cho b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba; b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 chia l\u1ee3i \u00edch khi ngu\u1ed3n gen \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o kinh doanh l\u1edbn v.v.<\/p>\n

\u00b7 Trong c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1p l\u00fd c\u1ea7n n\u00eau \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c r\u1eebng \u0111\u1eb7c d\u1ee5ng (VQG, khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean) trong \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n gen.<\/p>\n

\u00b7 C\u1ea7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ed1c gia ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 thu th\u1eadp, l\u01b0u tr\u1eef, trao \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ngu\u1ed3n gen (t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec1u tra, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n) trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

\u00b7 C\u1ea7n th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ngu\u1ed3n gen theo t\u1eebng chuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 hay lo\u00e0i\/nh\u00f3m lo\u00e0i hay v\u00f9ng sinh th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e2u n\u1ed1i, \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

\u00b7 Trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt m\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i (Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1eebng, Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean v.v.), c\u1ea7n ban h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi c\u00e1c khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ngu\u1ed3n gen, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau khai th\u00e1c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n gen. Hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00e1c khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n lo\u00e0i v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n kh\u00e1c. Nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai th\u00e1c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee9 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o.<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. B\u1ed9 L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p, 1991. Ba m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ng\u00e0nh L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p, 1961-1990. Nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1991. 222 trang.<\/p>\n

2. K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam(Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Namv\u00e0 D\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ef9 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u), 1995. H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 208 trang.<\/p>\n

3. Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng Ngh\u0129a, 1999. B\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc. Nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 148 trang.<\/p>\n

Real situation of and mechanisms, policies related to the managment, exploitation and use of gene sources of forest tree species<\/strong><\/p>\n

Summary:<\/em><\/strong>Beginning the paper the author mentions the richness and diversity of the forest flora in Viet Namand the efforts made by the governnment of Viet Namin the conservation of the gene sources of forest tree and plant species from 1960 now. Next, the author mentions some important problems that have not been paid attention to in various activities as well as in mechanisms and policies of the state at the same time analyzing the inadequacies in the current official documents relating to this field. Based on this the authors makes some recommendations to the government such as the need to promulgate laws, regulations on management, conservation, exploitation and rational use of gene sources of the wildlife, wild plant and tree species.*********************************************************<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Vi\u1ec7t Nam là m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi n\u1eb1m \u1edf vùng \u0110ông Nam á, có t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n tích lãnh th\u1ed5 kho\u1ea3ng 331.220 km2, kéo dài t\u1eeb v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 8 o B\u1eafc t\u1edbi v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 23 o B\u1eafc, trong \u0111ó di\u1ec7n tích r\u1eebng và \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1eebng là 19 tri\u1ec7u ha, chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 60% di\u1ec7n tích toàn qu\u1ed1c (T\u1ed5ng c\u1ee5c Th\u1ed1ng kê, 1994). S\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u liên quan \u0111\u1ebfn di\u1ec7n tích r\u1eebng cho \u0111\u1ebfn tháng 4 n\u0103m 2000 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ed1ng kê nh\u01b0 sau (Báo Nhân dân, 23-4-2000):<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[18],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8574"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8574"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8574\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19327,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8574\/revisions\/19327"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8574"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8574"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8574"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}