V\u0169 Long<\/p>\n
Nguy\u00ean ph\u00f3 Vi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edfng<\/em><\/p>\n Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/p>\n 1. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai n\u01b0\u1edbc ta c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed3i n\u00fai cao v\u00e0 d\u1ed1c, tr\u1eeb m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt v\u00f9ng \u1edf T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng Namb\u1ed9. Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y h\u00e0ng n\u0103m, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 ru\u1ed9ng l\u00faa, m\u00e0u chi\u1ebfm t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 th\u1ea5p: \u1edf mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai v\u00e0 trung du B\u1eafc b\u1ed9 l\u00e0 13,8% so v\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00faa, m\u00e0u ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 5,8%( t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0: 28.38% v\u00e0 12,96%)*.V\u00ec v\u1eady, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ea3o an ninh l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c cho mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai v\u1eabn \u0111ang \u0111\u1eb7t ra b\u1ee9c thi\u1ebft. M\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ee7 l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c cho gia \u0111\u00ecnh. Tr\u1eeb m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n sang tr\u1ed3ng, kinh doanh c\u00e2y c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 ch\u00e8, c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn kinh t\u1ebf n\u00f4n th\u00f4n mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai v\u1eabn l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 c\u1ea5p, t\u1ef1 t\u00fac.<\/p>\n Do di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng l\u00faa m\u00e0u \u00edt n\u00ean d\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3i n\u00fai d\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c. Ph\u1ea7n di\u1ec7n t\u00edch n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00e3y c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 c\u00e2y h\u00e0ng n\u0103m kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 555.963 ha, x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 v\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u00faa, m\u00e0u*. Ngo\u00e0i ra, d\u00e2n v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c tr\u00ean n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00e3y lu\u00e2n canh, du canh, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u1edf v\u00f9ng s\u00e2u, v\u00f9ng xa. \u0110\u1ebfn nay, di\u1ec7n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ecbnh canh \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 c\u00f2n h\u01a1n 1 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, t\u1eadp trung nhi\u1ec1u \u1edf mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai ph\u00eda B\u1eafc. L\u00e0m n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00e3y (lu\u00e2ncanh, du canh) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3u canh t\u00e1c l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 d\u00e0i ki\u1ec3u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 r\u1ea5t th\u01b0a. Khi d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 t\u0103ng nhanh, c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa q\u0169y \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1eebng v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 th\u00ec n\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, l\u00e0m n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00e3y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh g\u00e2y ra n\u1ea1n m\u1ea5t r\u1eebng. C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh canh \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh g\u1ea7n 40 n\u0103m. Nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t n\u1ea1n ph\u00e1 r\u1eebng l\u00e0m n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1eaby. \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t . Nh\u1edd k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c trong 10 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, s\u1ee9c \u00e9p l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c \u1edf mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai b\u1edbt c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng, n\u00ean n\u1ea1n ph\u00e1 r\u1eebng l\u00e0m n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00e3y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec1u, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00ec ch\u00ednh cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o. Theo k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a g\u1ea7n 600 h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u1edf 24 x\u00e3 (3 x\u00e3 v\u00f9ng I, 15 x\u00e3 v\u00f9ng II, v\u00e0 6 x\u00e3 v\u00f9ng III), thu\u1ed9c 9 huy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh Ho\u00e0 B\u00ecnh, L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n, Y\u00ean B\u00e1i, cho th\u1ea5y: – N\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00e3y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 r\u1eebng, v\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9: 1712m2<\/sup>, n\u01a1i cao nh\u1ea5t: 5560m2<\/sup>, chi\u1ebfm t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n 8% \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed3i tr\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao (2,14 ha\/h\u1ed9). -Trong 6 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra th\u00ec c\u00f3 5 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec l\u00e0m n\u01b0\u01a1ng. – Qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0m n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00e3y b\u1eb1ng 3-5 l\u1ea7n di\u1ec7n t\u00edch canh t\u00e1c, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb 30-50-% \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 r\u1eebng v\u00e0o l\u00e0m n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00e3y. M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u1edf v\u00f9ng cao cho bi\u1ebft di\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u00e0m n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00e3y b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9 kho\u1ea3ng 1,5 ha, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea5t 5-7 ha\/h\u1ed9. \u0110\u1ebfn nay ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea5t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00e3y lu\u00e2n canh, du canh trong to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c. Theo \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i,di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0m n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00e3y lu\u00e2n canh (bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 b\u1ecf ho\u00e1) ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0i tri\u1ec7u ha, v\u00f9ng T\u00e2y b\u1eafc c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00e3y l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ed9 che ph\u1ee7 r\u1eebng m\u1edbi c\u00f3 27%.<\/p>\n 2. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0m n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00e3y lu\u00e2n canh v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c mi\u1ec1n m\u00fai, ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 xo\u00e1 trong n\u0103m 1, n\u0103m 2 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p l\u1ea1i ch\u01b0a x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u1ec1 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n -Theo Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 85\/1999\/N\u0110-CP ng\u00e0y 28\/8\/1999 c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ed5 sung m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 giao \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p cho h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u00e0o m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ec9 bao g\u1ed3m: \u0110\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y h\u00e0ng n\u0103m, \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y l\u00e2u n\u0103m, \u0111\u1ea5t nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng thu\u1ef7 s\u1ea3n, \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00e3y \u0111\u1ecbnh canh<\/em>, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed3i n\u00fai tr\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ea5t hoang ho\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng thu\u1ef7 s\u1ea3n (\u0111i\u1ec1u 2). Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00e3y \u0111\u1ecbnh canh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao cho h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0m n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00e3y lu\u00e2n canh, du canh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao. Ng\u00e0nh n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng coi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, kh\u00f4ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y v\u00ec n\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng (trong th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y).<\/p>\n – C\u00f2n ng\u00e0nh l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng coi \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0m n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00e3y lu\u00e2n canh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, v\u1edbi l\u00fd do: s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u00e2m ngh\u1ecb\u00eap, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00e3y \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed3i tr\u1ecdc, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0o quy ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p (16,4-19 tri\u1ec7u ha). Theo Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh 163\/1999\/N\u0110-CP ng\u00e0y 16\/11\/1999 c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 giao \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao cho h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n l\u00e0: (i) \u0110\u1ea5t l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p quy ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1eebng ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea7u ngu\u1ed3n \u00edt xung y\u1ebfu, ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Ban qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1eebng ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9, (ii) \u0110\u1ea5t l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p quy hoach \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1eebng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t (\u0111i\u1ec1u8 v\u00e0 9); (iii) \u0110\u1ea5t l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p giao cho h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1eebng ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kinh doanh c\u00e2y r\u1eebng, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c (\u0111i\u1ec1u 3, kho\u1ea3n 2 &3). \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 r\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng l\u00e2m k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e2u n\u0103m c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng (\u0111i\u1ec1u 15). Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00e3y lu\u00e2n canh c\u0169ng n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p. Khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh giao \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p, ki\u1ec3m l\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng giao \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00e3y cho h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 r\u1eebng, \u0111\u00e3 quy v\u00f9ng l\u00e0m n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00e3y cho c\u00e1c th\u00f4n b\u1ea3n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00f4 ch\u1ee7, t\u1ef1 do l\u00e0m n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00e3y.<\/p>\n – Theo ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00ednh, ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 r\u1eebng, \u0111\u1ea5t \u1edf v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng, c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t ch\u01b0a s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Theo s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, \u0111\u1ea5t ch\u01b0a s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f2n 10 tri\u1ec7u ha, chi\u1ebfm 30,4% di\u1ec7n t\u00edch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c, trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3i n\u00fai ch\u01b0a s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 7,6 tri\u1ec7u ha chi\u1ebfm 23,37%. \u0110\u1ea5t ch\u01b0a s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t ch\u01b0a giao, cho thu\u00ea (ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7). Nh\u01b0ng trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. \u0110\u1ea5t l\u00e0m n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00e3y lu\u00e2n canh, du canh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai \u0111\u1ec1u n\u1eb1m \u1edf lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00e3y (\u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ang canh t\u00e1c v\u00e0 b\u1ecf ho\u00e1) \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0: H\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, h\u1ecd t\u1ed9c, c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00e0ng b\u1ea3n. Quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c l\u1eadp theo lu\u1eadt t\u1ee5c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong l\u00e0ng b\u1ea3n, c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00e2n c\u1eadn th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn, t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y m\u00e0 \u1edf kh\u00f4ng \u00edt \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, theo s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea \u0111\u1ea5t ch\u01b0a s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, nh\u01b0ng khi l\u1eadp quy ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng, c\u00e2y c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, giao \u0111\u1ea5t cho li\u00ean doanh c\u00f3 v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, \u1edf th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3, ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch, v\u1ea5p ph\u1ea3i tranh ch\u1ea5p v\u1edbi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ngay c\u1ea3 d\u00e2n di c\u01b0 t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0o T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean, \u0110\u00f4ng Namb\u1ed9 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 do khai ph\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea5t hoang, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i ” mua” l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n Qua \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng, nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0m n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00e3y c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn, c\u00f2n tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf th\u00ec bu\u00f4ng l\u1ecfng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n lu\u00f4n \u1edf th\u1ebf b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1t n\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1edbi v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ecf ho\u00e1 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, m\u00e0 r\u1eebng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i c\u0169ng b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 ph\u00e1 r\u1eebng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n 3 Ai c\u0169ng bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00e3y hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh th\u00e1i, b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u1edf v\u00f9ng cao th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ed3 \u0111\u1eadp quan tr\u1ecdng. Nh\u01b0ng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n sang c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, th\u00ec Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00e3y \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi xo\u00e1 b\u1ecf h\u1eb3n. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc giao c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0m n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00e3y lu\u00e2n canh cho h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o \u0111\u00e2n t\u1ed9c thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u<\/em>.<\/p>\n Lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y n\u00ean x\u1ebfp v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p hay \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p? Theo \u00fd ki\u1ebfn ch\u00fang t\u00f4i n\u00ean x\u1ebfp v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p v\u00ec: (i) l\u00e0m n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00e3y lu\u00e2n canh ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh lu\u00e2n canh r\u1eebng – r\u00e3y – r\u1eebng – r\u00e3y…Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch r\u1eebng hay th\u1ea3m th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i l\u1edbn g\u1ea5p 3-5 l\u1ea7n di\u1ec7n t\u00edch r\u00e3y. Hi\u1ec7n nay, r\u1eebng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0u m\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0ng \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng kinh t\u1ebf nh\u01b0 qu\u1ebf, c\u00e2y nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00ec r\u1eebng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i ich kinh t\u1ebf r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn (m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00f4ng l\u00e2m k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng), (ii) khi nhu c\u1ea7u l\u00e0m n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00e3y gi\u1ea3m th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea5t s\u1ebd ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i th\u00e0nh r\u1eebng, ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ed3ng l\u1ea1i r\u1eebng.<\/p>\n Giao \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0m n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00e3y cho h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n n\u00ean giao theo \u0111\u1ea5t \u00f4ng cha, tr\u00e1nh x\u00e1o tr\u1ed9n, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng tr\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec3 bao chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng, x\u00ed ph\u1ea7n cho con ch\u00e1u ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ec3 mua b\u00e1n, sang nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nghi\u00eam t\u00fac vi\u1ec7c giao \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n tham gia (c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00e0ng b\u1ea3n) l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n C\u00f3 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn cho r\u1eb1ng giao \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0m n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00e3y l\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch d\u00e2n ph\u00e1 r\u1eebng l\u00e0m r\u00e3y. Ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. D\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng ai l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00e3y, h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ee7 \u0103n. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5m \u0111o\u00e1n, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00e3y m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho d\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb t\u1ef1 t\u00fac l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c sang s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi xo\u00e1 b\u1ecf n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00e3y.<\/p>\n Giao \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0m n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00e3y cho h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u0169ng t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ph\u00e1 r\u1eebng b\u1eeba b\u00e3i, c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00e0ng b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t l\u1eabn nhau.<\/p>\n L\u00e0m n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00e3y l\u00e0 t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 \u1edf mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai, \u0111\u1ebfn nay v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn. Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea7n b\u1ed5 sung ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch giao \u0111\u1ea5t cho h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/p>\n T\u1ed5ng c\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00ednh, 11- 2000. Hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 r\u1eebng & ch\u01b0a s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed3ng m\u1edbi 5 tri\u1ec7u ha r\u1eebng.<\/p>\n V\u0169 Long, H\u1ed9i KHKT L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p – 2000. \u0110i\u1ec1u tra \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u1edf mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai B\u1eafc b\u1ed9.<\/p>\n B\u1ed9 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 PTNT (D\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o). D\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p thu\u1ed9c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh 135 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 2001-2005.<\/p>\n otational slash-and-burn cultivation land of the ethnic minority people.<\/p>\n Summary: <\/em>In moutainous regions as permanent agricultural land for food crops is insufficient, the ethnic minority people still have to use hilly areas for food production aimed at self-sufficiency by slash-and-burn, rotational cultivation. These areas amount to millions of hectares. The policy on agricultural and forest land allocation to households does not include slash-and-burn cultivation land (The forest protection agency has just only finished the planning of this type of land). To ensure the right of the ethnic minority people in the moutainous regions to have land for production, the policy on land allocation to households must besupplemented. Land for slash-and-burn, rotational cultivation must be classified as forest land.<\/p>\n ( * Ngu\u1ed3n: Hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai n\u0103m 2000- T\u1ed5ng c\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ecba ch\u00ednh)<\/em><\/p>\n **************************************<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn mi\u1ec1n núi n\u01b0\u1edbc ta có \u0111\u1ecba hình \u0111\u1ed3i núi cao và d\u1ed1c, tr\u1eeb m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ít vùng \u1edf Tây Nguyên và \u0110ông Namb\u1ed9. Di\u1ec7n tích \u0111\u1ea5t nông nghi\u1ec7p tr\u1ed3ng cây hàng n\u0103m, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t là ru\u1ed9ng lúa, màu chi\u1ebfm t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 th\u1ea5p: \u1edf mi\u1ec1n núi và trung du B\u1eafc b\u1ed9 là 13,8% so v\u1edbi di\u1ec7n tích t\u1ef1 nhiên, trong \u0111ó \u0111\u1ea5t lúa, màu ch\u1ec9 có 5,8%( t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a toàn qu\u1ed1c là: 28.38% và 12,96%)*.Vì v\u1eady, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t và \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ea3o an ninh l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c cho mi\u1ec1n núi v\u1eabn \u0111ang \u0111\u1eb7t ra b\u1ee9c thi\u1ebft. M\u1ed1i quan tâm hàng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a nông dân mi\u1ec1n núi là s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ee7 l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c cho gia \u0111ình.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[18],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8550"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8550"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8550\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19346,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8550\/revisions\/19346"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8550"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8550"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8550"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}