{"id":8548,"date":"2009-03-24T02:07:42","date_gmt":"2009-03-23T19:07:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/2009\/03\/thuc-trang-cac-mo-hinh-rung-phong-ho-tren-cat-di-dong-o-ven-bien-mien-trung\/"},"modified":"2019-09-25T10:30:50","modified_gmt":"2019-09-25T03:30:50","slug":"thuc-trang-cac-mo-hinh-rung-phong-ho-tren-cat-di-dong-o-ven-bien-mien-trung","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/thuc-trang-cac-mo-hinh-rung-phong-ho-tren-cat-di-dong-o-ven-bien-mien-trung\/","title":{"rendered":"Th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh r\u1eebng ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 tr\u00ean c\u00e1t di \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf ven bi\u1ec3n mi\u1ec1n trung"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0110\u1eb7ng V\u0103n Thuy\u1ebft<\/em><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/p>\n

Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t v\u00e0 c\u1ed3n c\u00e1t ven bi\u1ec3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 502.045 ha, chi\u1ebfm 1.4% di\u1ec7n t\u00edch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c (Vi\u1ec7n Quy ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, 1980), t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c d\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t ch\u1ea1y d\u1ecdc theo b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n, ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1edf c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh v\u00f9ng ven bi\u1ec3n mi\u1ec1n Trung, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee5n, c\u1ed3n c\u00e1t di \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u1ed3n v\u00e0 b\u00e3i c\u00e1t b\u00e1n di \u0111\u1ed9ng, b\u00e3i c\u00e1t c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 b\u00e3i \u1ea9m th\u1ea5p. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng sinh th\u00e1i kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t, hi\u1ec3m ho\u1ea1 c\u00e1t di \u0111\u1ed9ng uy hi\u1ebfp m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u00e1c khu d\u00e2n c\u01b0, ru\u1ed9ng v\u01b0\u1eddn, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e1 v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh khu v\u1ef1c r\u1ea5t xung y\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n

Phi lao \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadp n\u1ed9i, tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1896 v\u00e0 t\u1ecf ra l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y th\u00edch h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi v\u00f9ng c\u00e1t ven bi\u1ec3n. Qua h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 g\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng, t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1995 Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 80.000 ha r\u1eebng phi lao (Midgley v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1). N\u1ebfu t\u00ednh c\u1ea3 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e2y phi lao tr\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ed5 c\u01b0 th\u00ec di\u1ec7n t\u00edch r\u1eebng phi lao \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1996 l\u00ean t\u1edbi 120.000ha (H\u00e0 Chu Ch\u1eed v\u00e0 L\u00ea \u0110\u00ecnh Kh\u1ea3, 1996). H\u01a1n 10 n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i keo, b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n, \u0111\u00e0o l\u1ed9n h\u1ed9t,… c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng \u1edf v\u00f9ng c\u00e1t, c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1t b\u00e1n di \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng tr\u00ean c\u00e1t di \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh, Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb, Ninh Thu\u1eadn v\u00e0 B\u00ecnh Thu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

1. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh r\u1eebng phi lao t\u1eeb h\u1ea1t<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee5n c\u00e1t cao, d\u1ed1c, \u0111ang di \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng. M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u1edf ch\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c s\u01b0\u1eddn \u0111\u1ee5n c\u00e1t ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng phi lao t\u1eeb h\u01a1n 20 n\u0103m nay nh\u01b0ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 c\u00e2y c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh di \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee5n c\u00e1t, c\u00e1c c\u00e2y phi lao b\u1ecb v\u00f9i l\u1ea5p v\u00e0 m\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c c\u1ee5m phi lao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ed3i tr\u00ean c\u00e1t tr\u1eafng. R\u1eebng phi lao 21 tu\u1ed5i tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean s\u01b0\u1eddn \u0111\u1ee5n c\u00e1t \u1edf Ninh Thu\u1eadn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u1ee5m phi lao g\u1ed3m 4-6 ho\u1eb7c t\u1edbi 10 ch\u1ed3i m\u1ecdc cao 10-12m, D1,3<\/sub> ch\u1ed3i 6-8cm, v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh t\u00e1n c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 c\u1ee5m 6-8m ho\u1eb7c t\u1edbi 10m, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 300 c\u1ee5m\/ha nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00e0n che t\u1edbi 50 % v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp th\u1ea3m kh\u00f4, m\u1ee5c d\u00e0y 2-5cm.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1t di \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng 2-3 n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, m\u1ea1nh d\u1ea1n nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u1edf Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh do \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ARCD h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3. R\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng sau 3 n\u0103m tu\u1ed5i ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1t chi\u1ec1u cao trung b\u00ecnh 0,8-1m, v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1ng 80 – 90% nh\u01b0ng tr\u00ean 80% s\u1ed1 c\u00e2y b\u1ecb kh\u00f4 ch\u1ebft ng\u1ecdn, c\u00e2y c\u00f3 c\u00e0nh l\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecf v\u00e0ng v\u00e0 sau n\u00e0y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1ea5t ch\u1eadm, kh\u00f4ng m\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh c\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u00e2n ch\u00ednh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1edf d\u1ea1ng c\u00e2y b\u1ee5i th\u1ea5p, c\u00e0nh l\u00e1 m\u1ecdc lo\u00e0 xo\u00e0. V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 ch\u1eafn c\u00e1t bay t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1edbp th\u1ea3m th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt che ph\u1ee7 m\u1eb7t c\u00e1t nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh r\u1eebng, b\u1edfi v\u00ec chi\u1ec1u cao r\u1eebng th\u1ea5p, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 ch\u1eafn gi\u00f3 th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ed7, c\u1ee7i ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nhu c\u1ea7u cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n v\u00f9ng c\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 sau:<\/p>\n

+ H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c c\u00e2y phi lao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gieo \u01b0\u01a1m \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ea1o c\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea7u n\u00ean khi \u0111em c\u00e2y \u0111i tr\u1ed3ng h\u1ec7 r\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

+ H\u1ed1 tr\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9n nh\u1eefng l\u1edbp r\u01a1m r\u1ea1, l\u00e1 c\u00e2y n\u00ean m\u00f9a kh\u00f4, gi\u00f3 l\u1ea1nh, c\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng h\u00fat \u0111\u1ee7 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng kho\u1ebb m\u1ea1nh m\u00e0 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t v\u00ec th\u1ebf ng\u1ecdn c\u00e2y b\u1ecb kh\u00f4 ch\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

+ M\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1eefa x\u1ea3y ra l\u00e0: Sau khi tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng xong th\u00e1ng 11, 12 th\u00ec \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 gi\u00f3 m\u00f9a \u0110\u00f4ng-B\u1eafc th\u1ed5i r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf c\u00e1c “c\u1eeda gi\u00f3”, gi\u00f3 th\u1ed5i l\u00e0m tr\u01a1 g\u1ed1c, r\u1ec5 c\u00e2y t\u1edbi chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u 50-60cm, c\u00e2y b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb gi\u00f3 th\u1ed5i bay, ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb v\u00f9i l\u1ea5p c\u1ea3 v\u1ea1t r\u1eebng m\u1edbi tr\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n

2. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u1ed3ng phi lao hom Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n

\u1edf t\u1ec9nh Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh, phi lao hom Trung Qu\u1ed1c d\u00f2ng 601 v\u00e0 701 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ARCD tr\u1ed3ng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m 13 ha n\u0103m 1999 v\u1edbi m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 5000 c\u00e2y\/ ha v\u00e0 3300 c\u00e2y \/ha tr\u00ean c\u1ed3n c\u00e1t c\u00f2n di \u0111\u1ed9ng. Chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y khi xu\u1ea5t v\u01b0\u1eddn l\u00e0 1m th\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn nay chi\u1ec1u cao c\u00e2y v\u1eabn x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 1m do b\u1ecb l\u1ea5p s\u00e2u khi tr\u1ed3ng 40cm. \u1edf B\u00ecnh Thu\u1eadn phi lao hom Trung Qu\u1ed1c d\u00f2ng 601 v\u00e0 701 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng 3 ha tr\u00ean c\u1ed3n c\u00e1t di \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u1ea7n b\u00e0u n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1997. C\u00e2y con xu\u1ea5t v\u01b0\u1eddn c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u cao 1-1,2 m, sau 3 n\u0103m tu\u1ed5i c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n D1,3<\/sub> = 2-3cm, chi\u1ec1u cao 4-6m, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean 90%. So v\u1edbi r\u1eebng phi lao tr\u1ed3ng t\u1eeb h\u1ea1t tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba th\u00ec phi lao hom Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng g\u1ea5p 2 l\u1ea7n. Nh\u00ecn chung t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1t tr\u00ean 80%. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u01b0u vi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e2y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n xanh t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi phi lao tr\u1ed3ng t\u1eeb h\u1ea1t, t\u00e1n c\u00e2y \u1edf d\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh th\u00e1p, \u0111\u1ec9nh v\u01b0\u01a1n cao, kh\u00f4ng m\u1ecdc lo\u00e0 xo\u00e0, c\u00e0nh ph\u00e2n th\u1ea5p ngay s\u00e1t m\u1eb7t c\u00e1t, ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1t v\u00f9i l\u1ea5p n\u00ean b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ea5y phi lao hom Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng g\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1t c\u00f2n di \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n phi lao tr\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng h\u1ea1t th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

3. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tr\u1ed3ng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m keo ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

Ba lo\u00e0i keo ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n A. torulosa, A. difficilis, A. tumida<\/em> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m 3 ha v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 1999 tr\u00ean c\u1ed3n c\u00e1t tr\u1eafng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng \u1edf Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh. Sau 9 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh g\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea1t 1,5cm, chi\u1ec1u cao \u0111\u1ea1t 0,8m, m\u1ed7i c\u00e2y c\u00f3 b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n 4-5 nh\u00e1nh. C\u00e0nh l\u00e1 xanh t\u1ed1t t\u1ecf ra t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean c\u1ed3n c\u00e1t tr\u1eafng.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec3m tr\u1ed3ng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u00ean c\u1ed3n c\u00e1t v\u00e0ng di \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf B\u1eafc B\u00ecnh – B\u00ecnh Thu\u1eadn n\u0103m 1998. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 c\u00e2y s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1t tr\u00ean 90%, lo\u00e0i A. tumida <\/em>\u0111\u1ea1t chi\u1ec1u cao b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n 1,4m, lo\u00e0i A. difficilis<\/em> \u0111\u1ea1t chi\u1ec1u cao 2 – 2,5m. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 keo ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1t v\u00f9i l\u1ea5p (ph\u1ea7n g\u1ed1c, c\u00e0nh c\u00e2y b\u1ecb v\u00f9i l\u1ea5p s\u00e2u 50 – 60cm). Keo ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng n\u0103m 1999 tr\u00ean b\u00e3i c\u00e1t tr\u1eafng c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf Tuy Phong, sau 1 n\u0103m tu\u1ed5i c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ea1t Do = 2 -3cm, H = 1,5m, D t\u00e1n = 1,5m, c\u00e2y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n xanh t\u1ed1t. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3 keo tai t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean d\u1ea1ng l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1t Do = 1,5 -2cm, H = 0,8m, D t\u00e1n = 1m, l\u00e1 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u \u00faa v\u00e0ng, ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i keo ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n c\u00f3 tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng m\u1ecdc tr\u00ean b\u00e3i c\u00e1t tr\u1eafng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n keo tai t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ed3ng kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m 8 xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a 3 lo\u00e0i keo ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n n\u00f3i tr\u00ean tr\u00ean b\u00e3i c\u00e1t tr\u1eafng c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf Tuy Phong – B\u00ecnh Thu\u1eadn. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111o \u0111\u1ebfm sau 2 n\u0103m th\u1ea5y:<\/p>\n

Lo\u00e0i A. tumida <\/em>\u0111\u1ea1t D1,3<\/sub> =”3,4-4cm” Hvn = 3m<\/p>\n

D t\u00e1n = 4-5m Hdc = 0,2m.<\/p>\n

Lo\u00e0i A. difficilis<\/em> \u0111\u1ea1t D1,3 <\/sub>= 3-4cm Hvn = 4-5 m<\/p>\n

D t\u00e1n = 4-5m Hdc = 0 m<\/p>\n

Lo\u00e0i A. torulosa<\/em> \u0111\u1ea1t D 1,3<\/sub> = 3-4cm Hvn = 2,5-3m<\/p>\n

D t\u00e1n = 4-6m Hdc = 0,4m<\/p>\n

S\u01a1 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i keo ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t tr\u00ean b\u00e3i c\u00e1t tr\u1eafng v\u00f9ng kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1n Tuy Phong, th\u00e2n c\u00e2y g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e0nh nh\u00e1nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n c\u00e0nh s\u1edbm ngay s\u00e1t g\u1ed1c n\u00ean c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 t\u1ed1t. Trong 3 lo\u00e0i tr\u00ean th\u00ec tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i A. difficilis<\/em> c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

4. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00e3i c\u00e1t s\u00e1t bi\u1ec3n, c\u00e1t c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 b\u00e1n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1t di \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f2n g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 t\u00ecm gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1t bay, gi\u00f3 th\u1ed5i b\u1ed1c tr\u01a1 r\u1ec5 c\u00e2y m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i chi\u1ebfm di\u1ec7n t\u00edch r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y phi lao hom Trung Qu\u1ed1c, keo ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ecf ra c\u00f3 tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng tr\u00ean c\u00e1t di \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eb7t ra l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh \u0111ai r\u1eebng ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ee5n, c\u1ed3n c\u00e1t di \u0111\u1ed9ng? M\u1ea5y suy ngh\u0129 sau \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ea7n quan t\u00e2m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u:<\/p>\n

+ Tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng th\u00e0nh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111ai ngang, c\u00f3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u h\u1ee3p l\u00fd d\u1ecdc t\u1eeb ch\u00e2n ti\u1ebfn d\u1ea7n l\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed3i c\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

+ T\u1ea1o c\u00e1c b\u0103ng c\u00e2y xanh \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a gi\u00f3 th\u1ed5i b\u1ed1c c\u00e2y khi v\u00e0o m\u00f9a gi\u00f3 m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n

+ \u01b0\u01a1m c\u00e2y trong b\u1ea7u, c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 r\u1ec5 kho\u1ebb m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 khi tr\u1ed3ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9n c\u00e1c l\u1edbp r\u00e1c, c\u1ecf, l\u00e1 c\u00e2y trong h\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1eef \u1ea9m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1t, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e0o s\u00e2u, ch\u00f4n ch\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh gi\u00f3 th\u1ed5i b\u1ed1c c\u00e2y. Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u01b0\u01a1m c\u00e2y trong \u1ed1ng b\u1ea7u d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e2y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u1ec7 r\u1ec5 c\u1ecdc, khi tr\u1ed3ng r\u1ec5 c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e2m s\u00e2u xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t h\u00fat \u0111\u1ee7 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i c\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

+ Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i phi lao hom Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 keo ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean v\u00f9ng c\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/p>\n

1. \u0110\u00e0o C\u00f4ng Khanh v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 1997. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u1ea3 thi: “Kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t v\u00e0 quy ho\u1ea1ch tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng v\u00f9ng c\u00e1t Nam Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh”, D\u1ef1 \u00e1n ARCD Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

2. \u0110\u1ed7 \u0110\u00ecnh S\u00e2m, Nguy\u1ec5n Ng\u1ecdc B\u00ecnh, 2000. \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Nxb N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

3. L\u00e2m C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ecbnh, 1977. Tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng phi lao ch\u1ed1ng c\u00e1t di \u0111\u1ed9ng ven bi\u1ec3n. Nxb N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p TP H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh.<\/p>\n

Present conditions of protection forest models on shifting sand area<\/p>\n

in coastal Central Viet Nam<\/p>\n

Summary:<\/em>The coastal sand area of Viet Namrepresents 1.4% of the natural area of the whole country, mainly concentrates in the coastal Central Viet Nam. Main successes of forest planting on sandy area have been achieved with fixed and semi- fixed sand dunes. As regards shifting sand-dune, although trials of protection forest against shifting sand have also been established but many problems do remain, relating to trial plantings with Casuarina equisetifolia<\/em> from seed and from cuttings (produced by China) and with drought- resistant Acacia<\/em>. There must be research on filling planting holes with grasses and wasted plant materials before planting, planting bushes in bands as wind – breaks, maintaining soil moisture for the planted trees to survive dry season.<\/p>\n

***************************************************<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Di\u1ec7n tích \u0111\u1ea5t cát và c\u1ed3n cát ven bi\u1ec3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam có kho\u1ea3ng 502.045 ha, chi\u1ebfm 1.4% di\u1ec7n tích t\u1ef1 nhiên toàn qu\u1ed1c (Vi\u1ec7n Quy ho\u1ea1ch và Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf Nông nghi\u1ec7p, 1980), t\u1ea1o thành các d\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea5t cát ch\u1ea1y d\u1ecdc theo b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n, phân b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1edf các t\u1ec9nh vùng ven bi\u1ec3n mi\u1ec1n Trung, bao g\u1ed3m các \u0111\u1ee5n, c\u1ed3n cát di \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u1ed3n và bãi cát bán di \u0111\u1ed9ng, bãi cát c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh và bãi \u1ea9m th\u1ea5p. \u0110ây là m\u1ed9t vùng sinh thái kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t, hi\u1ec3m ho\u1ea1 cát di \u0111\u1ed9ng uy hi\u1ebfp m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd các khu dân c\u01b0, ru\u1ed9ng v\u01b0\u1eddn, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng sá và tr\u1edf thành khu v\u1ef1c r\u1ea5t xung y\u1ebfu. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[18],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8548"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8548"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8548\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19348,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8548\/revisions\/19348"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8548"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8548"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8548"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}