{"id":494,"date":"2005-07-16T07:38:43","date_gmt":"2005-07-16T07:38:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vafs.dungnq.local\/2005\/07\/16\/nghien-cuu-tham-do-kha-nang-su-dung-mun-cua-tre-de-tao-cot-cho-mot-so-khay-dia-son-mai-xuat-khau-bang-cong-nghe-ep-dinh-hinh\/"},"modified":"2019-09-24T11:05:59","modified_gmt":"2019-09-24T04:05:59","slug":"nghien-cuu-tham-do-kha-nang-su-dung-mun-cua-tre-de-tao-cot-cho-mot-so-khay-dia-son-mai-xuat-khau-bang-cong-nghe-ep-dinh-hinh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/nghien-cuu-tham-do-kha-nang-su-dung-mun-cua-tre-de-tao-cot-cho-mot-so-khay-dia-son-mai-xuat-khau-bang-cong-nghe-ep-dinh-hinh\/","title":{"rendered":"Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u0103m d\u00f2 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00f9n c\u01b0a tre \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o c\u1ed1t cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 khay, \u0111\u0129a s\u01a1n m\u00e0i xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u00e9p \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh"},"content":{"rendered":"

B\u00f9i Ch\u00ed Ki\u00ean <\/i><\/h1>\n

Tr\u1ea7n Tu\u1ea5n Ngh\u0129a<\/i><\/h1>\n

Trung t\u00e2m c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p r\u1eebng<\/i><\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u00f3i ri\u00eang c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u1edf c\u00e1c nu\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ng\u00e0nh ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00f3i chung \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1edbi c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao, mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ed1i \u0111a s\u1ef1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Trong khi nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u g\u1ed7 t\u1eeb r\u1eebng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, g\u1ed7 r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u00ec ngu\u1ed3n nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u tre lu\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Theo b\u00e1o c\u00e1o t\u1ed5ng quan ng\u00e0nh l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n ngo\u00e0i g\u1ed7 c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam, th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 2002, th\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc ta c\u00f3 88 c\u00f4ng ty v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn tre n\u1ee9a, v\u1edbi kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0mg n\u0103m b\u1eb1ng 540.000 t\u1ea5n\/n\u0103m. Lu\u1ee3ng ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb c\u00e1c d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 50 \u2013 70%, trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u00f9n c\u01b0a kho\u1ea3ng 20-30% nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u. M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00f9n c\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y, ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1t ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecf \u0111I g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4I tr\u01b0\u1eddng. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eb7t ra hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 l\u00e0m c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngu\u1ed3n ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn cho c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, t\u1ea1o vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. T\u1eeb th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i: “Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u0103m d\u00f2 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00f9n c\u01b0a tre \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o c\u1ed1t cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 khay, \u0111\u0129a s\u01a1n m\u00e0i xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u00e9p \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh”.<\/i><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec1 t\u00e0i xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n l\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111ang t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u00f9n c\u01b0a, \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u. Cho n\u00ean, khi m\u1ed9t C\u00f4ng ty kinh doanh c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng C\u00f4ng ty TNHH Thanh H\u00f9ng, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 khay, \u0111\u0129a (theo m\u1eabu) c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb xenllulose, \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ngu\u1ed3n ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u tr\u00ean. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ea1o c\u1ed1t khay, \u0111\u0129a s\u01a1n m\u00e0i t\u1eeb m\u00f9n c\u01b0a tre, tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00f9n c\u01b0a tre hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e1n s\u00e0n tre xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u.<\/p>\n

1. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/b><\/p>\n

X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a m\u00f9n c\u01b0a tre \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o c\u1ed1t cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 khay, \u0111\u0129a s\u01a1n m\u00e0i b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u00e9p \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

2. N\u1ed9i dung nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/b><\/p>\n

– L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

– X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u1ea1o c\u1ed1t khay, \u0111\u0129a t\u1eeb m\u00f9n c\u01b0a tre.<\/p>\n

3. Ph\u1ea1m vi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/b><\/p>\n

+ D\u1ea1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m: C\u1ed1t khay, \u0111\u0129a theo m\u1eabu.<\/p>\n

+Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u: M\u00f9n c\u01b0a tre lu\u1ed3ng t\u1eeb d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e1n s\u00e0n tre xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ty li\u00ean doanh Sheng Jia Ho\u00e0 B\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt \u1edf 300<\/sup>C l\u00e0 100 \u2013 175 Mpa.s: 120 gi\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

– H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4: 58 %; pH = 7; th\u1eddi gian s\u1ed1ng: 4 th\u00e1ng<\/p>\n

+ M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a c\u1ed1t khay, \u0111\u0129a (Theo \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng):<\/p>\n

– Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch: g= 0.9 g\/cm3<\/sup>. – \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng va \u0111\u1eadp: Hw = 2500 – 3000 gmm\/mm2<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1edf chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y sau ng\u00e2m n\u01b0\u1edbc 24 gi\u1edd: D \u00a3 6%.<\/p>\n

4. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/b><\/p>\n

S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m theo l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft quy ho\u1ea1ch th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa h\u00e0m s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch khoa h\u1ecdc. Th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh theo c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc sau:<\/p>\n

1. X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ed9i dung th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

2. Ch\u1ecdn k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

3. T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

4. X\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 tho\u1ea3 m\u00e3n c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Koren, Student v\u00e0 Fisher.<\/p>\n

5. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn<\/b><\/p>\n

5.1. Kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh<\/b> <\/i><\/p>\n

Qua kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i keo \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7n nay g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 Urea Formaldehyde (U-F), Phenol Formaldehyde (P-F), Keo bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh CASM (M\u1ef9), Poly \u00eatylen vinyl axetat; Keo Casein 90M (H\u00e0 Lan). . . Tuy nhi\u00ean, do y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n th\u00ec lo\u1ea1i keo s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t, ch\u1ecbu n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng keo Casein. Qua th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Casein kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 cho s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i keo kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p keo theo c\u00e1c t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 tr\u1ed9n kh\u00e1c nhau. Sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 l\u00e0m th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p keo poly \u00eatylen vinyl axetat + casein v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u1ee5 gia kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 keo poly \u00eatylen vinyl axetat kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 30%. \u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng keo Poly \u00eatylen vinyl axetat do Trung t\u00e2m C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i cung c\u1ea5p + Keo Casein \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam (ho\u1eb7c casein 90M \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 Lan) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u1ee5 gia kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m theo c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi cho s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i, d\u1ec5 ph\u00e2n hu\u1ef7 sau s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft thay th\u1ebf cho c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1eeb nh\u1ef1a (plastic) hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

5.2. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1o c\u1ed1t m\u1eabu khay, \u0111\u0129a th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m.<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

* Quy tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o c\u1ed1t:<\/i><\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u00efn c\u00ada tre lu\u00e5ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n
\u00d0ps\u00ac b\u00e9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n
\n

\u00a7\u00ada v\u00b5o khu\u00abn khay, \u00ae\u00dca<\/h2>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n
\n

Tr\u00e9n keo<\/h2>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n
\n

S\u00b5ng tuy\u00d3n<\/h2>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n
\n

S\u00cay<\/h2>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n
\u00d0pnhi\u00d6t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n
Tr\u00b6i th\u00b6m theo khu\u00abn<\/p>\n

<\/h2>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

H\u00ecnh 4.1. Quy tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o c\u1ed1t khay, \u0111\u0129a s\u01a1n m\u00e0i t\u1eeb m\u00f9n c\u01b0a tre<\/i><\/p>\n

M\u00f9n c\u01b0a tre, ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e1n s\u00e0n tre xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb C\u00f4ng ty li\u00ean doanh ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n Sheng Jia, Ho\u00e0 B\u00ecnh, \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o m\u00e1y s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea7u, m\u1ea9u, c\u1ee5c v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u1eadt tre ra. M\u00f9n c\u01b0a sau s\u00e0ng tuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m kho\u1ea3ng 3 – 5%, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed9n keo v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3i th\u1ea3m (th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng) theo khu\u00f4n c\u1ee7a c\u1ed1t khay, \u0111\u0129a. Th\u1ea3m m\u00f9n c\u01b0a tre \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o \u00e9p s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 (kh\u00f4ng gia nhi\u1ec7t), m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ea3m d\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 khi \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o khu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi tr\u00e1nh cho th\u1ea3m d\u0103m b\u1ecb v\u1ee1 v\u00e0 b\u1ecb x\u00e1o tr\u1ed9n khi \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o khu\u00f4n, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o m\u00e1y \u00e9p nhi\u1ec7t. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u cho th\u1ea3m d\u0103m khi tr\u1ea3i th\u1ea3m, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 gi\u1ea5y, nilon ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t, v\u1ea3i m\u00e0n . . . v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea3i m\u00e0n l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00f3t tr\u00ean v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1ea3m d\u0103m khi tr\u1ea3i th\u1ea3m, tr\u00e1nh cho th\u1ea3m d\u0103m kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb k\u00e9o \u0111\u1ee9t ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb x\u00f4 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u00e9p nhi\u1ec7t. \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m, ch\u00fang t\u00f4iti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u00e9p m\u1ed9t l\u00f4 g\u1ed3m 15 c\u1ed1t \u0111\u0129a \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u0103m d\u00f2 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau:<\/p>\n

+ K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed1t \u0111\u0129a theo khu\u00f4n. + Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ed1t \u0111\u0129a: 0.9 g\/cm3<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

+ Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea5y m\u00f9n c\u01b0a: 150 OC<\/sup>. + \u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m m\u00f9n c\u01b0a sau s\u1ea5y: 3 – 5%.<\/p>\n

+ \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u00e9p: 40 kg\/cm2<\/sup>. + Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e9p: 110 OC<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

+ Th\u1eddi gian \u00e9p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7: 4 ph\u00fat\/s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. + T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 keo s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng: 25; 30; 35; 40; 45 %.<\/p>\n

K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m th\u0103m d\u00f2 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1edf chi\u1ec1u d\u1ea7y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho \u1edf b\u1ea3ng 1<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3ng 1. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1edf chi\u1ec1u d\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m th\u0103m d\u00f2<\/i><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
TT<\/td>\nX (%)<\/td>\nY1<\/sub> (%)<\/td>\nY2<\/sub> (%)<\/td>\nY3<\/sub> (%)<\/td>\nYTB (%)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\n25<\/td>\n8.16<\/td>\n8.02<\/td>\n8.10<\/td>\n8.09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\n30<\/td>\n6.37<\/td>\n6.31<\/td>\n6.44<\/td>\n6.37<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\n35<\/td>\n5.09<\/td>\n5.00<\/td>\n5.23<\/td>\n5.10<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\n40<\/td>\n4.20<\/td>\n4.08<\/td>\n4.25<\/td>\n4.18<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5<\/td>\n45<\/td>\n3.96<\/td>\n3.77<\/td>\n3.85<\/td>\n3.86<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

C\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u \u1edf b\u1ea3ng 1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tho\u1ea3 m\u00e3n c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Student, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Kohren v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Fisher. T\u1eeb k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m th\u0103m d\u00f2, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n \u00e9p l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i cho c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 3 l\u1ea7n s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady v\u1edbi 95% v\u00e0 c\u00f3 sai s\u1ed1 \u00a33.5%.<\/p>\n

5.3. Ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan<\/b> <\/i><\/p>\n

Sau khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m theo ma tr\u1eadn th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 cho \u1edf b\u1ea3ng 2, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch, \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1edf chi\u1ec1u d\u1ea7y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng va \u0111\u1eadp c\u1ee7a c\u1ed1t khay v\u00e0 c\u1ed1t \u0111\u0129a cho \u1edf b\u1ea3ng 4:<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3ng2. Ma tr\u1eadn th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e9p c\u1ed1t khay, \u0111\u0129a<\/i><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
TT<\/td>\nX1<\/sub><\/td>\nX2<\/sub><\/td>\nX3<\/sub><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\n+<\/td>\n+<\/td>\n+<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n+<\/td>\n+<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\n+<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n+<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n+<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5<\/td>\n+<\/td>\n+<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n+<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7<\/td>\n+<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
8<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
9<\/td>\n+ a<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10<\/td>\n– a<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
11<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n+ a<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
12<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n– a<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
13<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n+ a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
14<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n– a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
15<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

B\u1ea3ng 3. M\u1ee9c v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7<\/i><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
M\u1ee9c v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng<\/td>\nGi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/td>\nGi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nm\u00e3<\/td>\nT (OC<\/sup>)<\/td>\nt(ph\u00fat)<\/td>\nD (%)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
M\u1ee9c sao d\u01b0\u1edbi<\/td>\n– 1.682<\/td>\n93<\/td>\n2.3<\/td>\n26.6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
M\u1ee9c d\u01b0\u1edbi<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n100<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n30<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
M\u1ee9c c\u01a1 s\u1edf<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n110<\/td>\n4<\/td>\n35<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
M\u1ee9c tr\u00ean<\/td>\n+<\/td>\n120<\/td>\n5<\/td>\n40<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
M\u1ee9c sao tr\u00ean<\/td>\n+ 1.682<\/td>\n126<\/td>\n5.6<\/td>\n43.4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kho\u1ea3ng bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean<\/td>\nl<\/td>\n10<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

B\u1ea3ng 4. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m \u00e9p c\u1ed1t \u0111\u0129a v\u00e0 c\u1ed1t khay.<\/i><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\nC\u1ed1t \u0111\u0129a<\/b><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\nC\u1ed1t khay<\/b><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
N<\/td>\nY1tb<\/sub> g\/cm3<\/sup><\/td>\nY2tb <\/sub>gmm\/mm2<\/sup><\/td>\nY3tb <\/sub>(%)<\/td>\nY1<\/sub> g\/cm3<\/sup><\/td>\nY2<\/sub>gmm\/mm2<\/sup><\/td>\nY3<\/sub>(%)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\n0.91<\/td>\n2972<\/td>\n4.61<\/td>\n0.90<\/td>\n2946<\/td>\n4.70<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\n0.92<\/td>\n3216<\/td>\n4.14<\/td>\n0.88<\/td>\n3193<\/td>\n4.14<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\n0.90<\/td>\n2850<\/td>\n4.83<\/td>\n0.90<\/td>\n2827<\/td>\n4.81<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\n0.91<\/td>\n2742<\/td>\n5.01<\/td>\n0.89<\/td>\n2719<\/td>\n5.06<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5<\/td>\n0.89<\/td>\n2867<\/td>\n5.69<\/td>\n0.90<\/td>\n2844<\/td>\n5.65<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6<\/td>\n0.91<\/td>\n2743<\/td>\n6.02<\/td>\n0.91<\/td>\n2720<\/td>\n6.08<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7<\/td>\n0.90<\/td>\n3158<\/td>\n5.50<\/td>\n0.89<\/td>\n3135<\/td>\n5.56<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
8<\/td>\n0.90<\/td>\n2660<\/td>\n6.31<\/td>\n0.91<\/td>\n2637<\/td>\n6.37<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
9<\/td>\n0.90<\/td>\n3035<\/td>\n4.82<\/td>\n0.91<\/td>\n3012<\/td>\n4.95<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10<\/td>\n0.91<\/td>\n2909<\/td>\n5.38<\/td>\n0.91<\/td>\n2886<\/td>\n5.07<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
11<\/td>\n0.90<\/td>\n2782<\/td>\n5.73<\/td>\n0.89<\/td>\n2759<\/td>\n5.80<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
12<\/td>\n0.91<\/td>\n2651<\/td>\n6.20<\/td>\n0.91<\/td>\n2628<\/td>\n6.26<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
13<\/td>\n0.91<\/td>\n3045<\/td>\n4.17<\/td>\n0.92<\/td>\n3022<\/td>\n4.16<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
14<\/td>\n0.91<\/td>\n2861<\/td>\n5.94<\/td>\n0.89<\/td>\n2837<\/td>\n5.89<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
15<\/td>\n0.91<\/td>\n2832<\/td>\n5.36<\/td>\n0.91<\/td>\n2809<\/td>\n5.31<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra tho\u1ea3 m\u00e3n theo c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Kohren, Student, Fisher v\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan d\u1ea1ng th\u1ef1c gi\u1eefa nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e9p, th\u1eddi gian \u00e9p v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 keo \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1edf d\u1ea7y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng va \u0111\u1eadp c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

Y1<\/sub> = 9.42 + 0.073T \u2013 0.00122T2<\/sup> \u2013 2.332t + 0.0142Tt+ 0.185t2<\/sup><\/p>\n

\u2013 0.023D + 0.0035TD – 0.0244tD \u2013 0.00552D2<\/sup>. (4.1)<\/p>\n

Y2<\/sub> = 1558.6 \u2013 11.24T + 0.54T2<\/sup> + 629.9t – 9.06Tt- 36.36t2<\/sup><\/p>\n

+ 5.04D \u2013 1.896TD + 20.08tD + 1.899D2<\/sup>. (4.2)<\/p>\n

Y3<\/sub> = 12.88 + 0.0632T \u2013 0.00121T2<\/sup> \u2013 2.983t + 0.0148Tt+ 0.24t2<\/sup><\/p>\n

\u2013 0.132D + 0.00385TD – 0.02tD \u20130.00464D2<\/sup>. (4.3)<\/p>\n

Y4<\/sub> = 1466.7 \u2013 10.73T + 0.54T2<\/sup> + 637.2t – 9.1Tt- 36.429t2<\/sup><\/p>\n

+ 6.69D \u2013 1.90TD + 20tD + 1.880D2<\/sup>. (4.4)<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e9p, th\u1eddi gian \u00e9p v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 keo d\u00f9ng cho m\u1ed7i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p trao \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ph\u1ee5 theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Y1 <\/sub>v\u00e0 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

– Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u: M\u00f9n c\u01b0a tre. – Lo\u1ea1i keo s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng: Poly \u00eatylen vinyl axetat+casein.<\/p>\n

– Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e9p: 115OC<\/sup>. – Th\u1eddi gian \u00e9p: 4.5 ph\u00fat\/s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n

– T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 keo s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng: 38 %. – \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u00e9p: 40 kG\/cm2<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t<\/i>s\u1ed1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ed1t khay v\u00e0 \u0111\u0129a t\u1eeb m\u00f9n c\u01b0a tre:<\/i><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
\n

C\u00e8t khay v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00dca<\/i><\/h3>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

<\uf1ff\u3050\u98b5\u11cf\u82bb\uaa00\ubd00\u0bce\u6850\u8898\u7486\ud6ff\uc085\u840f\ufe88?\ue850\u3ad4?\u7de9?\u8bff\u0c48\u548b\u0824\u0a89\u4c8b\u1024\uc985\u850f\u6c50\uc033\ue940\ufe00?\uc033\ue940\u86c8?\u9090\u9090\u09cf\u7461\u0a85\u7461\u066e\u7461\u6902\u7469\u65a8\u7469\uafdc\u7483\u697a\u7469\u0aaa\u7461\uebae\u7483\u6b71\u7469\u0bfc\u7470\u5a29\u7469\u3227\u746e\u323e\u746e\uf6d9\u745f\uf6d9\u745f\u9090\u9090\u5690\u748b\u0824\u7e83\u0104\u1375\u46f6\u0219\u0d74\uce8b\ubbe8\u8b00\u5008\u51ff\uff68\u0446\uc033\uc25e\u9090\u9090\u8090\u1479\u0f1a\u3f84\u11fb\uf600\u1941\u0f02\u2784\u081d\ue800\u108e>\uf1ff\u3050\u98b5\u11cf\u82bb\uaa00\ubd00\u0bce\u6850\u8898\u7486\ud6ff\uc085\u840f\ufe88?\ue850\u3ad4?\u7de9?\u8bff\u0c48\u548b\u0824\u0a89\u4c8b\u1024\uc985\u850f\u6c50\uc033\ue940\ufe00?\uc033\ue940\u86c8?\u9090\u9090\u09cf\u7461\u0a85\u7461\u066e\u7461\u6902\u7469\u65a8\u7469\uafdc\u7483\u697a\u7469\u0aaa\u7461\uebae\u7483\u6b71\u7469\u0bfc\u7470\u5a29\u7469\u3227\u746e\u323e\u746e\uf6d9\u745f\uf6d9\u745f\u9090\u9090\u5690\u748b\u0824\u7e83\u0104\u1375\u46f6\u0219\u0d74\uce8b\ubbe8\u8b00\u5008\u51ff\uff68\u0426\uc033\uc25e\u9090\u9090\u8090\u1479\u0f1a\u3f84\u11fb\uf600\u1941\u0f02\u2784\u081d\ue800\u108e><\/td>\n

\n\n\n\n
\n

C\u00e8t \u00ae\u00dca<\/i><\/h3>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

6. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn, ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb<\/b><\/p>\n

6.1. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/b> <\/i><\/p>\n

1. M\u00f9n c\u01b0a tre lu\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 tr\u1eef l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn t\u1eeb c\u00e1c d\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e1n s\u00e0n tre xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7n nay \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 coi n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i \u0111ang c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eb1m ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u00eam c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng ngu\u1ed3n nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e1n nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o n\u00f3i chung, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u00fap cho c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n ngu\u1ed3n ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kinh doanh. \u0110\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea1nh tranh trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n

2. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ed1t khay v\u00e0 c\u1ed1t \u0111\u0129a \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e9p T = 115OC<\/sup>, th\u1eddi gian \u00e9p t= 4.5 ph\u00fat\/s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 keo s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng D = 38%. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u c\u01a1 s\u1edf quan tr\u1ecdng, c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ti\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

3. S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ed1t khay v\u00e0 \u0111\u0129a t\u1eeb m\u00f9n c\u01b0a tre c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1edf th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng va \u0111\u1eadp cao (t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi g\u1ed7 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean nh\u00f3m 3,4 v\u00e0 cao h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i g\u1ed7 nh\u01b0 S\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e1, V\u00e0ng r\u00e8, Gi\u1ebb cu\u1ed1ng v.v), \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

4. C\u1ed1t khay v\u00e0 \u0111\u0129a t\u1eeb m\u00f9n c\u01b0a tre theo c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 tr\u00ean c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u cho c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u01a1n m\u00e0i ti\u1ebfp theo v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m s\u01a1n m\u00e0i c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t, \u0111\u1ea1t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u.<\/p>\n

5. \u0110\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 500 c\u1ed1t khay, \u0111\u0129a theo h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi C\u00f4ng ty TNHH Thanh H\u00f9ng, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u01a1n m\u00e0i g\u1eedi ch\u00e0o h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n

6.2. Ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb<\/b> <\/i><\/p>\n

1. Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u m\u00f9n c\u01b0a \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh t\u1eeb m\u00f9n c\u01b0a tre, n\u00e2ng cao gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1eeb m\u00f9n c\u01b0a n\u00f3i chung.<\/p>\n

2. M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m mang l\u1ea1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a tre lu\u1ed3ng nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n ng\u1ecdn, ph\u1ea7n g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y lu\u1ed3ng, v\u00e0 ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n b\u00e0o trong d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e1n s\u00e0n tre.<\/p>\n

3. C\u1ea7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ea1o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng khu\u00f4n \u00e9p, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch v\u00e0 \u00e1p xu\u1ea5t \u00e9p tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh. Nh\u1eb1m ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh t\u1eeb m\u00f9n c\u01b0a tre.<\/p>\n

4. C\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1edbm \u0111\u01b0a k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n.<\/p>\n

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/b><\/p>\n

1. Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n B\u1ec9, (2\/2004), “Gi\u1ea3i b\u00e0i to\u00e1n t\u1ed1i \u01b0u \u0111a m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p r\u1eebng”, T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n (s\u1ed1 2), trang 266.<\/p>\n

2. Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Ch\u1ee9 (2004), C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 trang s\u1ee9c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u g\u1ed7, Nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

3. Ho\u00e0ng Th\u00fac \u0110\u1ec7(2000), “V\u00e1n nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o tre”, Th\u00f4ng tin khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p, H\u00e0 T\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

4. Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n Ni\u00ean(2003), Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e1n d\u0103m t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u s\u01a1 d\u1eeba, Lu\u1eadn \u00e1n ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

5. Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Thi\u1ebft(1993), Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e1n d\u0103m t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u tre Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Lu\u1eadn \u00e1n ph\u00f3 ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 khoa h\u1ecdc, Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

Exploratory research on utilization of bamboo sawdust to make the core of lacquer plate and tray for export by shape pressing<\/b><\/p>\n

Summary<\/b><\/p>\n

Exploratory research of sawdust of bamboo to produce some lacquer plate and tray by frame pressing technology. This is the first project that is carried out in Vietnam. The project has determined sawdust of bamboo as good raw material to produce the frame for lacquer products and suggested prospects to utilize waste from bamboo processing lines. The first result of the project was to produce 500 lacquer products for Thanh Hung Co., ltd, Vietnamthat were accepted by a Trade Company in Japan. However, by actual production we realize that to produce these products on industrial scale we need research on the technology and equipment to perfect the processing process.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hi\u1ec7n nay \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u00f3i ri\u00eang c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u1edf c\u00e1c nu\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ng\u00e0nh ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00f3i chung \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1edbi c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao, mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ed1i \u0111a s\u1ef1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[18],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/494"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=494"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/494\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19102,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/494\/revisions\/19102"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=494"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=494"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=494"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}