\n| 8<\/td>\n | Qu\u1ea3 h\u1ed3i<\/td>\n | T\u1ea5n<\/td>\n | 1.870<\/td>\n | 6.672<\/td>\n | 9.896<\/td>\n | 9.500<\/td>\n | 5.000<\/td>\n | <\/td>\n | <\/td>\n | 3.426<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n Ngu\u1ed3n: T\u1ed5ng c\u1ee5c th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, B\u1ed9 NN & PTNT<\/i><\/p>\n C\u00e1c con s\u1ed1 th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea ch\u1eafc c\u00f2n th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n s\u1ed1 l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n khai th\u00e1c h\u00e0ng n\u0103m v\u00ec ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ebft c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m do c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n khai th\u00e1c. Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ed7 tr\u00f2n l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng \u1edf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong n\u01b0\u1edbc hi\u1ec7n nay v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 3 tri\u1ec7u m3<\/sup> \u0111\u1ebfn 3,5 tri\u1ec7u m3<\/sup>. Trong \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ed7 r\u1eebng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean t\u1eeb 400.000 – 500.000 m3<\/sup>, g\u1ed7 r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng t\u1eeb 1,5 tri\u1ec7u m3<\/sup> \u0111\u1ebfn 1,6 tri\u1ec7u m3<\/sup>, g\u1ed7 nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u t\u1eeb 800.000 m3 <\/sup>\u0111\u1ebfn 1,0 tri\u1ec7u m3<\/sup>. Ngo\u00e0i kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ed7 tr\u00f2n khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y, h\u00e0ng n\u0103m Vi\u1ec7t Namc\u00f2n khai th\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng 25 – 30 tri\u1ec7u ste c\u1ee7i.<\/p>\n2. Th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n ch\u00ednh hi\u1ec7n nay<\/b><\/p>\n 2.1. Ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 g\u1ed7<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n Hi\u1ec7n nay vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 g\u1ed7 \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta t\u1eadp trung \u1edf 1 s\u1ed1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c sau:<\/p>\n – Cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y, b\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5y kho\u1ea3ng 860.000 m3<\/sup><\/p>\n– Cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p m\u1ecf kho\u1ea3ng 170.000 m3<\/sup><\/p>\n– Cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e1n nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o: 470.000 m3<\/sup><\/p>\n– Cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y d\u0103m m\u1ea3nh xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u kho\u1ea3ng 300.000 – 500.000 m3<\/sup><\/p>\n– L\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u cho x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0m nh\u00e0 \u1edf, gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o, c\u1eeb tr\u00e0m, c\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n – S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng m\u1ed9c d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u.<\/p>\n T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng nhu c\u1ea7u thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu tr\u00ean, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/p>\n Ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 g\u1ed7 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t than, gi\u1ea5y v\u00e0 v\u00e1n nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o kho\u1ea3ng 60%. Ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 g\u1ed7 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, d\u0103m m\u1ea3nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ed9c kho\u1ea3ng 40%. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, ng\u00e0nh ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed7 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1ea3y v\u1ecdt, s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ed7 tr\u00f2n khai th\u00e1c trong n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ee7 cho ng\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed7 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nhu c\u1ea7u n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u nhi\u1ec1u g\u1ed7 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau t\u1eeb c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n 2.2. Ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 nh\u1ef1a th\u00f4ng<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n Nh\u1ef1a th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 1 ph\u1ea7n xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u d\u1ea1ng nh\u1ef1a th\u00f4 v\u00e0 Colophan sang c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c. \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 3 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ef1a th\u00f4ng li\u00ean doanh v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, trong \u0111\u00f3 2 c\u01a1 s\u1edf li\u00ean doanh v\u1edbi Nh\u1eadt (t\u1ea1i Qu\u1ea3ng Ninh v\u00e0 Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t 7.000 t\u1ea5n\/n\u0103m) v\u00e0 1 c\u01a1 s\u1edf li\u00ean doanh v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 T\u0129nh, c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t 4000 t\u1ea5n\/n\u0103m. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f3 1 s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf \u1edf L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n, Ngh\u1ec7 An, L\u00e2m \u0110\u1ed3ng, Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb,\u2026<\/p>\n S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn t\u1eeb nh\u1ef1a th\u00f4ng (colophan v\u00e0 d\u1ea7u th\u00f4ng) ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong n\u01b0\u1edbc cho ng\u00e0nh gi\u1ea5y 1000 t\u1ea5n colophan\/n\u0103m, ng\u00e0nh h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t 400 t\u1ea5n colophan v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 100 t\u1ea5n d\u1ea7u th\u00f4ng\/n\u0103m; xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u colophan b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n kho\u1ea3ng 4.500 t\u1ea5n\/n\u0103m sang c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc Nh\u1eadt, \u1ea5n \u0110\u1ed9, H\u1ed3ng C\u00f4ng, Ph\u00e1p, \u0110\u1ee9c,\u2026<\/p>\n 2.3. Ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 qu\u1ebf<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n L\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ecf qu\u1ebf khai th\u00e1c h\u00e0ng n\u0103m ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 1 ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. Vi\u1ec7t Nam xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u qu\u1ebf ra 14 n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, trong \u0111\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t t\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 \u0110\u00e0i Loan, H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, Nh\u1eadt, M\u1ef9, Singapo, H\u00e0 Lan, Hungary\u2026 S\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ebf xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u h\u00e0ng n\u0103m kho\u1ea3ng 2500 t\u1ea5n. Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u v\u1ecf qu\u1ebf, Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u1ecdng l\u00e1 qu\u1ebf (c\u00f3 k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 YBC) ra 1 s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, h\u00e0ng n\u0103m xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01a1n 10 t\u1ea5n c\u1ecdng l\u00e1 qu\u1ebf.<\/p>\n 2.4. <\/i><\/b>Ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3 h\u1ed3i<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y h\u1ed3i l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 tinh d\u1ea7u h\u1ed3i (tinh d\u1ea7u h\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u01b0ng c\u1ea5t t\u1eeb qu\u1ea3 h\u1ed3i). H\u00e0ng n\u0103m n\u01b0\u1edbc ta s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb 3 \u0111\u1ebfn 5 ng\u00e0n t\u1ea5n qu\u1ea3 h\u1ed3i. H\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t sang c\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng Ph\u00e1p, Anh, \u0110\u1ee9c, H\u1ed3ng C\u00f4ng, Singapo v\u1edbi kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n h\u00e0ng n\u0103m kho\u1ea3ng 1500 t\u1ea5n qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4 v\u00e0 80 t\u1ea5n tinh d\u1ea7u h\u1ed3i. Qu\u1ea3 h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 tinh d\u1ea7u h\u1ed3i ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u1edf trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf cho ng\u00e0nh d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia cho ng\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n 2.5. Ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 tre, n\u1ee9a:<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn tre n\u1ee9a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m h\u00e0ng th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng, m\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u cho c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n – L\u00e0m h\u00e0ng th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng m\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7: H\u00e0ng n\u0103m s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tre n\u1ee9a d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m h\u00e0ng th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng m\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7 chi\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 kh\u00e1 l\u1edbn. Ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f2n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng m\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u. Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 88 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m l\u00e0ng ngh\u1ec1 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn tre, n\u1ee9a, tr\u00fac ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nhu c\u1ea7u trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u. H\u00e0ng tre n\u1ee9a c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t ra 94 n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0 Nh\u1eadt b\u1ea3n, H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, \u0110\u00e0i Loan, c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2u \u00c2u\u2026<\/p>\n – L\u00e0m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng: Hi\u1ec7n nay kho\u1ea3ng 50% v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u00e0 \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n v\u00e0 mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai l\u00e0m t\u1eeb tre n\u1ee9a, ngo\u00e0i ra tre n\u1ee9a \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t d\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0: l\u00e0m v\u00e1n d\u0103m, v\u00e1n c\u00f3t \u00e9p, v\u00e1n s\u00e0n, v\u00e1ch ng\u0103n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u0169a tre, b\u00e1t \u0111\u0129a,v.v.. r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e1n s\u00e0n l\u00e0m t\u1eeb tre n\u1ee9a c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi v\u00e1n s\u00e0n l\u00e0m t\u1eeb c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y g\u1ed7 qu\u00ed thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m I nh\u01b0 Gi\u00e1ng h\u01b0\u01a1ng, Sa mu, \u0110inh h\u01b0\u01a1ng\u2026<\/p>\n – D\u00f9ng l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1ea5y s\u1ee3i: T\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y v\u00e0 b\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5y \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n nay kho\u1ea3ng 350.000 t\u1ea5n\/n\u0103m. Trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ta s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi 1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tre n\u1ee9a v\u00e0 g\u1ed7 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2010 Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1ebd s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb 2 \u0111\u1ebfn 2,5 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n gi\u1ea5y v\u00e0 b\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5y\/n\u0103m. V\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 30% nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u b\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5y t\u1eeb tre n\u1ee9a, h\u00e0ng n\u0103m ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n 3 – 4 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n tre n\u1ee9a cho ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1ea5y (5 -6 kg tre n\u01b0a t\u01b0\u01a1i cho 1 kg b\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5y).<\/p>\n – D\u00f9ng l\u00e0m th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m: M\u0103ng tre n\u1ee9a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng t\u01b0\u01a1i, m\u0103ng mu\u1ed1i chua ho\u1eb7c m\u0103ng kh\u00f4. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i tre n\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ec1u cho m\u0103ng \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1997 Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadp n\u1ed9i 1 s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i tre \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng l\u1ea5y m\u0103ng nh\u01b0: \u0110i\u1ec1n tr\u00fac, B\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9, T\u1ea1p giao, L\u1ee5c tr\u00fac, M\u1ea1nh t\u00f4ng cho n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t m\u0103ng kh\u00e1 cao. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u m\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1i.<\/p>\n 2.6. Ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 song m\u00e2y<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n Song m\u00e2y l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed3 gia d\u1ee5ng, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7 d\u00f9ng trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u. H\u00e0ng n\u0103m ta xu\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3ng 2 tri\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111an l\u00e1t, 500.000 – 600.000 m2<\/sup> m\u00e2y \u0111an v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng kh\u00e1c ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn t\u1eeb song m\u00e2y (Nguy\u1ec5n Qu\u1ed1c D\u1ef1ng, 2000). H\u00e0ng song m\u00e2y c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu xu\u1ea5t sang c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ee9c, \u00fd, Nh\u1eadt, H\u1ed3ng C\u00f4ng, Singapo v\u00e0 Cu Ba\u2026 Nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p cho 36 x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u l\u00e0ng ngh\u1ec1 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn song m\u00e2y (l\u00e0m h\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u) \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ; v\u00ec v\u1eady 1 ph\u1ea7n nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadp qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u ng\u1ea1ch t\u1eeb L\u00e0o v\u00e0 Campuchia.<\/p>\nT\u1eeb th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y ta th\u1ea5y th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng. Nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng g\u1ed7 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc cho x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn t\u1eeb g\u1ed7 (gi\u1ea5y, v\u00e1n nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o) s\u1ebd ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nhu c\u1ea7u g\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed7 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn, ngu\u1ed3n khai th\u00e1c trong n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 cung c\u1ea5p, n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u kho\u1ea3ng 1 tri\u1ec7u m3<\/sup> t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\nC\u00e1c m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng m\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7 t\u1eeb m\u00e2y tre \u0111an, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n r\u1eebng nh\u01b0 nh\u1ef1a th\u00f4ng, h\u1ed3i, qu\u1ebf\u2026 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u ra th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2u \u00e1, ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, ng\u00e0nh l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ea7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 khoa h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt trong kh\u00e2u t\u1ea1o r\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u g\u1ed7 v\u00e0 l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n ngo\u00e0i g\u1ed7, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ee7 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u cho th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb c\u00e1c d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m ti\u00eau hao nguy\u00ean nhi\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 h\u1ea1 gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u00e0 c\u1ea1nh tranh th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng tr\u00ean th\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n 3. C\u00e1c k\u00eanh th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/b><\/p>\n K\u00eanh l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 k\u00eanh th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 d\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1eeb n\u01a1i m\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ra \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng: T\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng. K\u00eanh th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n qua s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 sau:<\/p>\n \n\n\nC\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 r\u1eebng: L\u00e2m tr\u01b0\u1eddng, h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, trang tr\u1ea1i,\u2026<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\nC\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed1i trung gian: C\u00f4ng ty, \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00fd, t\u01b0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\nC\u00f4ng ty l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n| C\u01a1 s\u1edf ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n <\/p>\n \n\n\nC\u1eeda h\u00e0ng bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\nNg\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n| C\u01a1 s\u1edf xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n Nh\u1eefng k\u00eanh ch\u00ednh ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 sau:<\/i><\/p>\n K\u00eanh s\u1ed1 1:<\/u><\/p>\n C\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 r\u1eebng b\u00e1n l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed1i trung gian c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n hay th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y h\u1ecd b\u00e1n l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n, ti\u1ebfp theo c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty n\u00e0y b\u00e1n cho c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n. L\u00e2m s\u1ea3n sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, h\u1ecd b\u00e1n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u. Hi\u1ec7n nay k\u00eanh l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng n\u00e0y ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfm t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u1edbn. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 r\u1eafc r\u1ed1i v\u00e0 v\u00f2ng v\u00e8o trong l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n v\u00ec ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00e2u trung gian, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1 b\u00e1n nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 r\u1eebng.<\/p>\n K\u00eanh s\u1ed1 2:<\/u><\/p>\n C\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 r\u1eebng b\u00e1n l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f4ng ty l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n b\u00e1n cho c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn hay c\u00e1c c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n. N\u1ebfu l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u00ec h\u1ecd s\u1ebd ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n th\u00ec h\u1ecd b\u00e1n ngay. K\u00eanh l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng n\u00e0y t\u1ecf ra th\u00edch h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n hi\u1ec7n nay \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Namv\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng giao th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n k\u00e9m. Tuy nhi\u00ean, k\u00eanh n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec1u b\u1eb1ng k\u00eanh s\u1ed1 1.<\/p>\n K\u00eanh s\u1ed1 3:<\/u><\/p>\n C\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 r\u1eebng b\u00e1n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n cho c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n. Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y b\u00e1n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng qua m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1n cho c\u00f4ng ty xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u. Hi\u1ec7n nay, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 k\u00eanh th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00ec c\u01a1 s\u1edf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u (ch\u1ee7 r\u1eebng) kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, h\u01a1n n\u1eefa nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n mua nh\u1eefng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf l\u1ebb, r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n K\u00eanh s\u1ed1 4:<\/u><\/p>\n C\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 r\u1eebng(l\u00e2m tr\u01b0\u1eddng, trang tr\u1ea1i, h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh,\u2026) t\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 b\u00e1n qua m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, k\u00eanh ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u00e0y hi\u1ec7n nay chi\u1ebfm th\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c kh\u00e2u trung gian. Mu\u1ed1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t (ch\u1ee7 r\u1eebng) ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 v\u1ed1n l\u1edbn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb.<\/p>\n 4. Gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n<\/b><\/p>\n Gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u1edf bi\u1ec3u 2.<\/p>\n Bi\u1ec3u 2: Gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 1 s\u1ed1 m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu hi\u1ec7n nay <\/i><\/p>\n\n\n\n| TT<\/td>\n | M\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng<\/td>\n | \u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb t\u00ednh<\/td>\n | M\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 (1000\u0111)<\/td>\n | \u0110\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| 1<\/td>\n | Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u gi\u1ea5y<\/td>\n | T\u1ea5n<\/td>\n | 420 – 450<\/td>\n | T\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| 2<\/td>\n | Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u00e1n nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o<\/td>\n | T\u1ea5n<\/td>\n | 280 – 350<\/td>\n | T\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| 3<\/td>\n | D\u0103m m\u1ea3nh xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u<\/td>\n | T\u1ea5n<\/td>\n | 300 – 320<\/td>\n | T\u1ea1i b\u00e3i giao<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| 4<\/td>\n | G\u1ed7 tr\u1ee5 m\u1ecf<\/td>\n | m3<\/sup><\/td>\n| 385 – 395<\/td>\n | T\u1ea1i m\u1ecf than<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| 5<\/td>\n | G\u1ed7 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o, c\u1eeb tr\u00e0m, c\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1edbc<\/td>\n | m3<\/sup><\/td>\n| 800 – 1000<\/td>\n | T\u1ea1i b\u00e3i giao<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| 6<\/td>\n | Nh\u1ef1a th\u00f4ng<\/td>\n | Kg<\/td>\n | 3,8 – 4,2<\/td>\n | T\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| 7<\/td>\n | Qu\u1ebf th\u00f4ng<\/td>\n | Kg<\/td>\n | 40<\/td>\n | T\u1ea1i x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| 8<\/td>\n | Qu\u1ebf x\u00f4<\/td>\n | Kg<\/td>\n | 10 – 14<\/td>\n | T\u1ea1i x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| 9<\/td>\n | Qu\u1ebf v\u1ee5n<\/td>\n | Kg<\/td>\n | 7<\/td>\n | T\u1ea1i x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| 10<\/td>\n | Song m\u00e2y<\/td>\n | Kg<\/td>\n | 2,1 – 2,2<\/td>\n | T\u1ea1i x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| 11<\/td>\n | Qu\u1ea3 h\u1ed3i<\/td>\n | Kg<\/td>\n | 20 – 25<\/td>\n | T\u1ea1i x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| 12<\/td>\n | Tre<\/td>\n | C\u00e2y<\/td>\n | 5 – 10<\/td>\n | T\u1ea1i ch\u1ee3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| 13<\/td>\n | N\u1ee9a<\/td>\n | C\u00e2y<\/td>\n | 2 -3<\/td>\n | T\u1ea1i ch\u1ee3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n S\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh gi\u00e1:<\/p>\n Th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, gi\u00e1 g\u1ed7 v\u00e0 l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c t\u1ea1i c\u1eeda r\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh theo c\u00e1ch l\u1ea5y gi\u00e1 mua c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p tr\u1eeb \u0111i chi ph\u00ed kh\u00e2u v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 thu gom, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ebf v\u00e0 k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng l\u1ec7 ph\u00ed ph\u00e1t sinh kh\u00f4ng theo b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ed9t qui \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0o. Th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1 l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 r\u1eebng, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n – Gi\u00e1 mua nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u (G\u1ed7 v\u00e0 l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c) do nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p qui \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i kho c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd theo t\u1eebng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, v\u00ec v\u1eady gi\u00e1 b\u00e1n nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u t\u1ea1i c\u1eeda r\u1eebng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 r\u1eebng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o l\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ed7 v\u00e0 l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p trong t\u1eebng th\u1eddi k\u1ef3. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1 b\u00e1n l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n t\u1ea1i c\u1eeda r\u1eebng, cho d\u00f9 gi\u00e1 mua c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i, nh\u01b0ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng mua h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n t\u1ea1i c\u1eeda r\u1eebng gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n – Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng cung c\u1ea5p l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 r\u1eebng mang t\u00ednh th\u1eddi v\u1ee5, ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o chu k\u1ef3 kinh doanh c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng. Khi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch r\u1eebng trong v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn tu\u1ed5i khai th\u00e1c c\u00f2n \u00edt, bu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea3i n\u00e2ng gi\u00e1 mua \u0111\u1ec3 thu h\u00fat nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p, nh\u01b0ng khi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o h\u01a1n l\u00e0m cho cung v\u01b0\u1ee3t c\u1ea7u, gi\u00e1 l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n t\u1ea1i c\u1eeda r\u1eebng s\u1ebd h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n – Chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a kh\u00e2u v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n t\u1eeb c\u1eeda r\u1eebng v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u1ef1 ly v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n (th\u1ee7y, b\u1ed9\u2026) c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n chi ph\u00ed kh\u00e1c ph\u00e1t sinh tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed v\u00e0 l\u1ec7 ph\u00ed. C\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi bu\u00f4n chuy\u1ebfn, th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n n\u00ean h\u1ecd bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i n\u1ed9p c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed v\u00e0 l\u1ec7 ph\u00ed n\u00e0y, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00fang hay sai lu\u1eadt. H\u1ecd ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn n\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i l\u00e2u, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb d\u1ee1 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra, v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u1ea1i c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam chi ph\u00ed. Nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed n\u00e0y cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea5u tr\u1eeb v\u00e0o gi\u00e1 mua l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n t\u1ea1i c\u1eeda r\u1eebng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t (ch\u1ee7 r\u1eebng) gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp g\u00e1nh ch\u1ecbu.<\/p>\n – L\u1ec7 ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi gi\u00e1 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n. Tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n nhi\u1ec1u x\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 tr\u1ea1m g\u00e1c thu ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c xe ch\u1edf h\u00e0ng \u0111i qua x\u00e3 (b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n 10.000\u0111\/xe kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb). Chi ph\u00ed n\u00e0y do ng\u01b0\u1eddi bu\u00f4n chi tr\u1ea3 v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u1ea5u tr\u1eeb v\u00e0o gi\u00e1 mua nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n – Chi ph\u00ed thu mua v\u00e0 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n: \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3n chi ph\u00ed ph\u00e1t sinh trong kh\u00e2u th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 bao g\u1ed3m chi ph\u00ed cho b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng thu mua, b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng, chi ph\u00ed tr\u1ea3 l\u00e3i ti\u1ec1n vay cho d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef v\u00e0 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u, n\u1ed9p thu\u1ebf VAT, thu\u1ebf bu\u00f4n chuy\u1ebfn, thu\u1ebf t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean, thu\u1ebf s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t (n\u1ed9p thu\u1ebf thay cho ch\u1ee7 r\u1eebng), c\u00e1c chi ph\u00ed n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea5u tr\u1eeb v\u00e0o gi\u00e1 mua nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi gi\u00e1 b\u00e1n nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n g\u00e2y n\u00ean s\u1ef1 thua thi\u1ec7t cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t (ch\u1ee7 r\u1eebng). Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00e1 b\u00e1n nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n t\u1ea1i c\u1eeda r\u1eebng (b\u00e3i 1) ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng 2\/3 ho\u1eb7c 1\/2 gi\u00e1 mua t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y hay x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n II. Th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/p>\n 1. C\u00e1c m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 kim ng\u1ea1ch xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u ch\u00ednh<\/b><\/p>\n H\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Namhi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u ra h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00e1, ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9. C\u00e1c m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u ch\u00ednh bao g\u1ed3m: G\u1ed7 v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m g\u1ed7, h\u00e0ng m\u00e2y tre \u0111an, qu\u1ebf, h\u1ed3i<\/p>\n Ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng ch\u00ednh tr\u00ean c\u00f2n xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n ngo\u00e0i g\u1ed7 kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 nh\u1ef1a th\u00f4ng, th\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3, sa nh\u00e2n, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i tinh d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt r\u1eebng.<\/p>\n Bi\u1ec3u 3: Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n<\/i><\/p>\n \u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb t\u00ednh: Tri\u1ec7u USD<\/p>\n \n\n\n| Lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1<\/td>\n | Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u00e1c n\u0103m 1995 – 2002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| 1995<\/td>\n | 1996<\/td>\n | 1997<\/td>\n | 1998<\/td>\n | 1999<\/td>\n | 2000<\/td>\n | 2001<\/td>\n | 2002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| 1. G\u1ed7 v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m g\u1ed7<\/td>\n | 114,5<\/td>\n | 160<\/td>\n | 187,3<\/td>\n | 125,1<\/td>\n | 224<\/td>\n | 240<\/td>\n | 343,6<\/td>\n | 460,2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| 2, \u0110\u1ed3 g\u1ed7 m\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7<\/td>\n | <\/td>\n | 20,7<\/td>\n | 43,1<\/td>\n | 74,13<\/td>\n | 112,13<\/td>\n | 157,91<\/td>\n | <\/td>\n | <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| 3. H\u00e0ng m\u00e2y tre \u0111an<\/td>\n | 30,7<\/td>\n | 44,9<\/td>\n | 37,7<\/td>\n | 36,8<\/td>\n | 21,48<\/td>\n | 49,68<\/td>\n | 74,96*<\/sup><\/td>\n91,53*<\/sup><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n| 4. Qu\u1ebf<\/td>\n | <\/td>\n | 6,76<\/td>\n | 5,1<\/td>\n | 3,76<\/td>\n | 4,48<\/td>\n | 5,63<\/td>\n | <\/td>\n | <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| 5. H\u1ed3i<\/td>\n | <\/td>\n | 6,5<\/td>\n | 8,5<\/td>\n | –<\/td>\n | 1,42<\/td>\n | 2,51<\/td>\n | <\/td>\n | <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| T\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng<\/td>\n | <\/td>\n | 238,9<\/td>\n | 281,7<\/td>\n | 239,8<\/td>\n | 363,7<\/td>\n | 445,7<\/td>\n | <\/td>\n | <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n Ngu\u1ed3n: B\u1ed9 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n; *<\/sup>Phan Sinh (B\u1ea3n tin LSNG 7\/2004<\/i>)<\/p>\nTrong c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u tr\u00ean th\u00ec g\u1ed7 v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m g\u1ed7 chi\u1ebfm t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t (tr\u00ean 50%) v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111ang n\u1ed5i l\u00ean nh\u01b0 1 ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n 2. Th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng ng\u00e0nh ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed7 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u<\/b><\/p>\n Theo th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 10\/2003 c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 2000 doanh nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn g\u1ed7, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 h\u01a1n 300 doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed7 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u. Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed7 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u00f3 60 doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, thu h\u00fat 170.000 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ngh\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 tay ngh\u1ec1 cao. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 trung t\u00e2m nh\u01b0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng, B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ecbnh, \u0110\u1ed3ng Nai \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c khu li\u00ean h\u1ee3p ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn g\u1ed7 t\u1ea7m c\u1ee1.<\/p>\n B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f2n c\u00f3 342 l\u00e0ng ngh\u1ec1 g\u1ed7 m\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7, t\u1eadp trung \u1edf 1 s\u1ed1 t\u1ec9nh, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 B\u1eafc Ninh, H\u00e0 T\u00e2y, Nam H\u00e0, B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng, An Giang.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ed3 g\u1ed7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u ra tr\u00ean 120 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5, l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, EU, \u0110\u00e0i Loan v\u00e0 M\u1ef9, trong \u0111\u00f3 M\u1ef9 l\u00e0 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n cao nh\u1ea5t, d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn t\u0103ng t\u1edbi 150% trong n\u0103m 2004 v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 20% t\u1ed5ng kim ng\u1ea1ch xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m g\u1ed7 c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n Theo B\u1ed9 Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, kim ng\u1ea1ch xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u0103m 2003 \u0111\u1ea1t 560 tri\u1ec7u USD, s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 2004 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t 600 tri\u1ec7u USD v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 n\u0103m 2004 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea1t kho\u1ea3ng 1 t\u1ef7 USD.<\/p>\n Nh\u00ecn \u1edf t\u1ea7m trung v\u00e0 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n, \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed7 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta c\u00f3 tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00ec th\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed7 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1ec9 chi\u1ebfm 0,2% kim ng\u1ea1ch nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u c\u1ee7a EU, 0,86% c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 7,3% c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n an to\u00e0n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng (x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 20% th\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n m\u1edbi b\u1ecb c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u d\u00e8 ch\u1eebng). Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kim ng\u1ea1ch, th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ng\u00e0nh ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed7 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u00f2n b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u. Theo t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u1ee9 500 tri\u1ec7u USD xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 1.3 tri\u1ec7u m3<\/sup> g\u1ed7 tr\u00f2n nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau 1 t\u1ef7 USD xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u n\u0103m nay th\u00ec c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 2,6 tri\u1ec7u m3 <\/sup>g\u1ed7 tr\u00f2n, trong khi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng cung c\u1ea5p trong n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 h\u1ea1n n\u00ean ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u, (bi\u1ec3u 1).<\/p>\nHi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i g\u1ed7 v\u00e0 l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh r\u1eb1ng, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u kho\u1ea3ng 80% nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u cho nhu c\u1ea7u. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed7 cho s\u00e2n v\u01b0\u1eddn ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi th\u00ec Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadp 100% nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u g\u1ed7 x\u1ebb t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i t\u1eeb \u00fac, New Zealand, Campuchia, Indonesia. C\u00f2n h\u00e0ng n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t th\u00ec nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u g\u1ed7 n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 50%.<\/p>\n Nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh chung:<\/i> M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn doanh nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed7, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1ecf, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f2n mang n\u1eb7ng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m gia c\u00f4ng, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ea5p, m\u1eabu m\u00e3 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01a1n \u0111i\u1ec7u, ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u, r\u1ea5t \u00edt doanh nghi\u1ec7p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ISO. V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ec3 theo k\u1ecbp v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3m ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng cao, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c chung c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n ng\u00e0nh v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7.<\/p>\n 3. L\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ea1nh tranh<\/b><\/p>\n 3.1. Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1edf c\u1eeda h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp kinh t\u1ebf, t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n S\u1ef1 m\u1edf c\u1eeda v\u00e0 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u1edf c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 sau: H\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, khu v\u1ef1c ASEAN v\u00e0 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. Hi\u1ec7n nay, Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111ang tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia nh\u01b0: Khu v\u1ef1c m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch t\u1ef1 do ASEAN, Di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c kinh t\u1ebf Ch\u00e2u \u00e1 Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng (APEC) v\u00e0 k\u00fd v\u1edbi Hoa K\u1ef3 hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, gi\u00e0nh cho nhau nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i trong h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 v\u1edbi Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, Ph\u00e1p, C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u (EU) v\u00e0 \u0111ang t\u00edch c\u1ef1c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb gia nh\u1eadp T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (WTO). Th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, song ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ebf kinh t\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia, khu v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edf ra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n 3.2. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp qu\u1ef9 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u nh\u1eb1m c\u1ea5p t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i, b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n kinh doanh xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u. H\u1ea1n m\u1ee9c t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n m\u1ee9c t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qui \u0111\u1ecbnh cho c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p tham gia xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u \u1edf c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn, xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u kh\u00f4ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb; khi xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u doanh nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c t\u1ea1i h\u1ea3i quan c\u1eeda kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i xu\u1ea5t tr\u00ecnh ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c (ri\u00eang xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u g\u1ed7 tr\u00f2n, g\u1ed7 x\u1ebb c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t ki\u1ec3m l\u00e2m s\u1edf t\u1ea1i).<\/p>\n G\u1ed7 r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u \u1edf m\u1ecdi d\u1ea1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 g\u1ed7 c\u00e2y, th\u00e1o g\u1ee1 t\u1ed1i \u0111a nh\u1eefng v\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eafc v\u1ec1 th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c ki\u1ec3m tra, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t trong l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u.<\/p>\n C\u00e1c khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p g\u1ed7 c\u0169ng \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng gi\u00fap c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ef1 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp, \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, chia s\u1ebb kinh nghi\u1ec7m. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c x\u00fac ti\u1ebfn th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i nh\u1eafm t\u1edbi c\u00e1 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 EU, M\u1ef9, Nh\u1eadt\u2026 Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ed3 g\u1ed7 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec7n to\u00e0n nh\u1eb1m ph\u00e1t huy vai tr\u00f2, th\u1ebf m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1ecf c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1edbn ho\u1eb7c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi cho c\u00e1c t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t 4 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh x\u00fac ti\u1ebfn th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i tr\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec3m qu\u1ed1c gia n\u0103m 2004 c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i G\u1ed7 v\u00e0 L\u00e2m s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong n\u0103m 2004 v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng kinh ph\u00ed 3,7 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng. C\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y g\u1ed3m qu\u1ea3ng b\u00e1 th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u; \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c; tham gia tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m g\u1ed7 v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn g\u1ed7 2004 t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng M\u1ef9; tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m g\u1ed7 l\u00e0m t\u1eeb g\u1ed7 x\u1ebb v\u00e0 v\u00e1n nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o 2004 t\u1ea1i Nga, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng Nga.<\/p>\n 3.3. Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng v\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed7<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n H\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed7 gia d\u1ee5ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng 120 n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00f9ng l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 v\u00e0 \u0111ang c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc trong khu v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 Malaixia, Indonexia, Th\u00e1i Lan \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00e0o th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ea7u ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng Hoa K\u1ef3, n\u01a1i h\u00e0ng n\u0103m kim ng\u1ea1ch nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed7 l\u00ean t\u1edbi 15 t\u1ef7 USD. V\u1edbi gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb h\u01a1n 10% so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed7 Trung Qu\u1ed1c, n\u01b0\u1edbc xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed7 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty b\u00e1n l\u1ebb \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed7 M\u1ef9 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u.<\/p>\n V\u1edbi l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o, tay ngh\u1ec1 cao, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng g\u1ed7 v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 c\u1ea1nh tranh, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kim ng\u1ea1ch xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed7 Vi\u1ec7t Namti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng cao h\u01a1n n\u1eefa trong c\u00e1c n\u0103m t\u1edbi l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf.<\/p>\n M\u1ed9t thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i n\u1eefa cho vi\u1ec7c xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed7 Vi\u1ec7t Namhi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 1\/5\/2004. M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e1nh thu\u1ebf ch\u1ed1ng b\u00e1n ph\u00e1 gi\u00e1 r\u1ea5t cao \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed7 c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c thu\u1ebf ph\u00e1 gi\u00e1 t\u1eeb 4,9 \u2013 198%. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0o M\u1ef9. Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng l\u1ea5p v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i G\u1ed7 m\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7 TP. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh (Hawa) cho hay: Nh\u1edd kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, s\u1eafc s\u1ea3o v\u1ec1 ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng, hoa v\u0103n, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u\u2026 m\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn g\u1ed7 \u0111ang nh\u1ed9n nh\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng nh\u00e0 x\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng t\u0103ng nhanh.<\/p>\n 3.4. M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thu h\u00fat \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n n\u00f3i ri\u00eang<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m qua \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho ng\u00e0nh l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam nh\u01b0 Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (WB), Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Ch\u00e2u \u00e1 (ADB), c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc H\u00e0 Lan, Thu\u1ef5 \u0110i\u1ec3n, \u0110\u1ee9c, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n\u2026 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 r\u1eebng. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 g\u1ea7n ch\u1ee5c li\u00ean doanh \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u d\u0103m m\u1ea3nh nh\u01b0 Haitaico, Habico, Vijachip, Pisico, Vitaico, Viko, c\u00f4ng ty Ki\u00ean T\u00e0i, Ph\u00fa \u0110\u00f4ng. Hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 h\u01a1n 20 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf cam k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n tr\u1ed3ng m\u1edbi 5 tri\u1ec7u ha r\u1eebng, t\u1ea1o ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u00e0nh l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Namph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng.<\/p>\n Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn g\u1ed7 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n Shinghoa c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang c\u00f3 1 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 50 tri\u1ec7u USD chuy\u00ean s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed7 \u1edf t\u1ec9nh \u0110\u1ed3ng Nai. D\u1ef1 \u00e1n d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng 20.000 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Khi ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 10\/2004 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n Shinghoavina s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t 80 tri\u1ec7u USD l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn\/n\u0103m nh\u1edd xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u. \u1edfB\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n Kaizevina c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00e0i Loan \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 h\u01a1n 40 tri\u1ec7u USD s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed7 cao c\u1ea5p, thu h\u00fat 4000 th\u1ee3 v\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam. D\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00e0y d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u 300 \u2013 400 c\u00f4ngtenn\u01a1 b\u00e0n gh\u1ebf g\u1ed7 cao c\u1ea5p\/th\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0i Loan th\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u Vi\u1ec7t ki\u1ec1u \u1edf M\u1ef9 c\u0169ng v\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 m\u1edf nh\u00e0 x\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng trang tr\u00ed n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng g\u1ed7 ngay t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n Th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, song ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n tr\u1ed3ng m\u1edbi 5 tri\u1ec7u ha r\u1eebng\u2026 ng\u00e0nh l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea1nh tranh cho l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1.<\/p>\n 4. Kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n c\u1ea1nh tranh<\/b><\/p>\n B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed7 n\u00f3i ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Namc\u0169ng c\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng \u00edt kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 quy m\u00f4, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n 4.1. Quy m\u00f4, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n Quy m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed7 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00f2n nh\u1ecf, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng l\u1edbn y\u00eau c\u1ea7u cao v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n giao h\u00e0ng. S\u1ef1 li\u00ean k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed7 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u v\u1edbi nhau v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf gia c\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u thi\u1ebfu ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd. S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed7 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng 100% g\u1ed7, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u g\u1ed7 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 inox, nh\u1ef1a, k\u00ednh, da v\u00e0 v\u1ea3i c\u00f2n th\u1ea5p. Tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o m\u1eabu m\u00e3 c\u00f2n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t theo m\u1eabu m\u00e3 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3 ng\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed7 ch\u01b0a x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p theo \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, n\u00ean m\u1ea1nh ai n\u1ea5y l\u00e0m, v\u1eeba t\u1ed1n c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c, v\u1eeba hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n 4.2. V\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n Hi\u1ec7n nay h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn g\u1ed7 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u0111\u1ec1u r\u01a1i v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng chung l\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0. T\u00ednh trung b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 cho 1 nh\u00e0 x\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch kho\u1ea3ng 4000 m2<\/sup> v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee7 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft th\u00ec c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 1 tri\u1ec7u USD. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 kh\u00e1 l\u1edbn m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i doanh nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0o c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u00ec v\u1eady \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n n\u00e0y, b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c vay \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i t\u1eeb qu\u1ef9 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng 1 \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n n\u00ean li\u00ean k\u1ebft, h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n4.3. Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed7 gia d\u1ee5ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Namtrong m\u1ea5y n\u0103m v\u1eeba qua, trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u c\u00f2n d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o, nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7n nay ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i G\u1ed7 v\u00e0 L\u00e2m s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh r\u1eb1ng, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u kho\u1ea3ng 80% nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u cho nhu c\u1ea7u. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng n\u00f3i \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u g\u1ed7 s\u1ebd c\u00f2n k\u00e9o d\u00e0i kho\u1ea3ng 15 n\u0103m n\u1eefa, cho t\u1edbi khi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u cung c\u1ea5p cho ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n S\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ngu\u1ed3n nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p ng\u00e0nh g\u1ed7 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. S\u1ef1 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 khi gi\u00e1 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u t\u0103ng. Trong n\u1eeda \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 2004, gi\u00e1 g\u1ed7 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u t\u0103ng t\u1eeb 15 \u2013 20% so v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng k\u1ef3 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Gi\u00e1 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u gia t\u0103ng l\u00e0m cho l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng g\u1ed7 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u gi\u1ea3m. Khi gi\u00e1 g\u1ed7 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u0103ng th\u00ec nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u v\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7t Namc\u00f2n cao h\u01a1n do doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1eadp nh\u1ecf l\u1ebb, c\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00ed v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i cao.<\/p>\n 4.4. Nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n V\u1edbi m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh ch\u00f3ng, c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed7 n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed7 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u n\u00f3i ri\u00eang \u0111ang r\u01a1i v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 tay ngh\u1ec1 cao, thi\u1ebfu k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd gi\u1ecfi. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n \u1edf B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 tr\u00ean 100 doanh nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 50 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n, b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n c\u1ee9 h\u01a1n 2 doanh nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi c\u00f3 1 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 (Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n Ni\u00ean).<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0, c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p tr\u1ef1c thu\u1ed9c, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 l\u00e0ng ngh\u1ec1 th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Theo k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2005 \u2013 2010 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o 1800 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, 3300 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn, song v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o qu\u00e1 ch\u1eadm nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n nay \u1edf c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p th\u00ec kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i tu nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f2n t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec7n tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u1eaft khe trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd khi ph\u1ea3i t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 v\u1edbi kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n 5. \u0110\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u1ea1nh tranh<\/b><\/p>\n Kinh t\u1ebf h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1, kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ea5y th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi v\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i l\u1ea5y th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5, tho\u1ea3 m\u00e3n m\u1ecdi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng cao c\u1ee7a nhu c\u1ea7u ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u1ec3 h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Namc\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u00e0 c\u1ea1nh tranh th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng tr\u00ean th\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p sau:<\/p>\n 5.1. X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch, chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n Tuy mu\u1ed9n nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 B\u1ed9 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 PTNT c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o s\u00e1t sao \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u0129 m\u00f4, chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea1nh tranh tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00fang.<\/p>\n Trong chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u1ed1n, nhu c\u1ea7u trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, nhu c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng cung c\u1ea5p nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u, nhu c\u1ea7u nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c,\u2026 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng h\u00e0ng thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i.<\/p>\n 2.5.2 X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u tr\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n C\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam, c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh lo\u1ea1i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u00ednh ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra.<\/p>\n Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n nay \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ng\u00e0nh l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c sau \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u l\u00e0: Khu v\u1ef1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u2013 Bi\u00ean Ho\u00e0 – B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng; Khu v\u1ef1c B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean; Khu v\u1ef1c H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i; Khu v\u1ef1c Ngh\u1ec7 An; Khu v\u1ef1c Nam H\u00e0, B\u1eafc Ninh v\u00e0 H\u00e0 T\u00e2y.<\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed7 ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed7 n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed7 m\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7, h\u00e0ng m\u00e2y tre \u0111an, h\u1ed3i, qu\u1ebf, nh\u1ef1a th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i tinh d\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m trong c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c tr\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u l\u00e0: Quy ho\u1ea1ch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00f9ng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng, mua s\u1eafm v\u00e0 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, li\u00ean k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n ho\u00e1 trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, x\u00fac ti\u1ebfn th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v.v\u2026<\/p>\n 5.3. \u0110\u1ed5i m\u1edbi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n \u0110\u1ed5i m\u1edbi vai tr\u00f2 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc trong vi\u1ec7c \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng hi\u1ec7n nay:<\/p>\n – Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Trong xu th\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a v\u00e0 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp kinh t\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n nay, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eb1m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng, m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf so s\u00e1nh, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea1nh tranh tr\u00ean th\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadp trung ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c cho \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[18],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/492"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=492"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/492\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19104,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/492\/revisions\/19104"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=492"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=492"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=492"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}} | | | | | | | | | | | | | |