Ho\u00e0ng V\u0103n Th\u1eafng, Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n Vi\u1ec7n<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n
Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/i><\/p>\n
\u0110\u1eb7ng Ng\u1ecdc Quang<\/b> <\/i><\/p>\n
TT D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n N\u00f4ng th\u00f4n<\/i><\/p>\n
C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u n\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. Do \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u1eadu thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i, r\u1eebng n\u01b0\u1edbc ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao, cung c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u.<\/p>\n
SaPal\u00e0 v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu r\u1ea5t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u, n\u01a1i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu g\u1eafn b\u00f3 v\u00e0o ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean r\u1eebng. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y ng\u1eafn ng\u00e0y n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 c\u00e2y d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u n\u00f3i ri\u00eang nhanh cho s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u1eb1m n\u00e2ng cao thu nh\u1eadp, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n n\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho vi\u1ec7c quy ho\u1ea1ch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c t\u1ea1i Sa Pa th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 2004 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n chuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c t\u1ea1i Sa Pa \u2013 L\u00e0o Cai.<\/p>\n
1. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau:<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00b7 \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c \u1edf SaPa\u2013 L\u00e0o Cai.<\/p>\n
\u00b7 \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng khai th\u00e1c, ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c nh\u1eb1m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c \u1edf SaPa\u2013 L\u00e0o Cai.<\/p>\n
2. \u0110\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/b><\/p>\n
T\u1ea1i 4 x\u00e3 : Lao Ch\u1ea3i, T\u1ea3 Van, Sa P\u1ea3, T\u1ea3 Ph\u00ecn v\u00e0 th\u1ecb Tr\u1ea5n Sa Pa c\u1ee7a huy\u1ec7n Sa Pa – t\u1ec9nh L\u00e0o Cai.<\/p>\n
3. N\u1ed9i dung:<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00b7 \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c trong khu v\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n
\u00b7 \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thu h\u00e1i, ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 d\u00e2n trong v\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n
\u00b7 Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c li\u00ean quan.<\/p>\n
4. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p:<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00d8 \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1ecdn m\u1eabu \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh: Ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c x\u00e3 v\u00e0 th\u00f4n \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 g\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng, thu h\u00e1i, ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c \u1edf SaPa.<\/p>\n
\u00d8 S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p r\u00fat m\u1eabu th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p: Sau khi ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eabu so c\u1ea5p (c\u00e1c x\u00e3) l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ch\u1ecdn m\u1eabu th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p (c\u00e1c th\u00f4n v\u00e0 h\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh) \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. Trong m\u1ed7i x\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn ra 2 th\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra.<\/p>\n
\u00d8 S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n: Trong m\u1ed7i x\u00e3\/th\u00f4n ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n b\u1eb1ng phi\u1ebfu ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n linh ho\u1ea1t. C\u00e1c h\u1ed9 d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n trong th\u00f4n\/x\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n b\u1eb1ng m\u1eabu phi\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf s\u1eb5n (t\u1eeb 8-12 h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n\/1 th\u00f4n). K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p quan s\u00e1t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00e1c v\u01b0\u1eddn thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 n\u01a1i s\u01a1 ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00e2y d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n
5. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3:<\/b><\/p>\n
5.1 Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c trong v\u00f9ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u.<\/b><\/p>\n
Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 trong c\u00e1c x\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1u tham gia tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c (t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 h\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c chi\u1ebfm 90.4%), c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i phong ph\u00fa, g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i nh\u01b0 xuy\u00ean khung (Ligusticum wallichii<\/i>), huy\u1ec1n s\u00e2m (Scophularia ningpoensis<\/i>), b\u1ea1ch chu\u1ed9t (Atractylodes macrocephala<\/i>), th\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3 (Amomum aromaticum<\/i>), \u0111\u1ed7 tr\u1ecdng (Eucommia ulmoides<\/i>), l\u00e3o quan th\u1ea3o (Geranium nepalense<\/i>) … Song do gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t gi\u00e1, th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea7u ra kh\u00f3 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i n\u00e0y b\u1ecb tho\u00e1i ho\u00e1 n\u00ean t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 h\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gi\u1ea3m, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n kho\u1ea3ng 71% s\u1ed1 h\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u1ec1 tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai trong khu v\u1ef1c. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e2y ch\u00e8 actiso \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng ty Traphaco L\u00e0o Cai h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng qua s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n t\u1ea1m \u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ee5 thu ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m thu mua s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cho c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 d\u00e2n. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n 5 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c t\u1ea1i Sa Pa. D\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00e0y h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 gi\u1ed1ng, ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n cho c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 tham gia tr\u1ed3ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 \u0111ang trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 v\u00e0i h\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tham gia (kho\u1ea3ng 2-3 h\u1ed9\/th\u00f4n). C\u00e1c h\u1ed9 d\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p chi\u1ebfm 10.6%, trong \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ed1 h\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n l\u00e0 3.8% v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 h\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1m \u1ee9ng ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t l\u00e0 4.8%.<\/p>\n
Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 g\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng hi\u1ec7n nay r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. \u1ede c\u00e1c x\u00e3 Lao Ch\u1ea3i v\u00e0 T\u1ea3 Van ch\u1ec9 tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3, tr\u1eeb 4 h\u1ed9 m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 tr\u1ed3ng n\u0103m lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 ch\u00f9a d\u00f9 (Elsholtzia penduliflora<\/i>), c\u1ee7 b\u00ecnh v\u00f4i (Stephania brachyandra<\/i>), ng\u0169 gia b\u00ec gai (Acanthopanax trifoliatus<\/i>), s\u00ec to (Valeriana jatamansi<\/i>) v\u00e0 t\u1ee5c \u0111o\u1ea1n (Dipsacus japonicus<\/i>). D\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00e0y m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u trong \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 2004 v\u1edbi quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf (m\u1ed7i gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f3 t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch th\u1ef1c kho\u1ea3ng g\u1ea7n 1 s\u00e0o). C\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u1edf c\u00e1c x\u00e3 kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 c\u00e2y th\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3, ri\u00eang \u1edf x\u00e3 T\u1ea3 Ph\u00ecn v\u00e0 th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n th\u00ec v\u1eabn c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt h\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 ch\u00e8 nh\u1eadt, l\u00e3o quan th\u1ea3o, huy\u1ec1n s\u00e2m, \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng quy, b\u1ea1ch chu\u1ed9t v\u00e0 ng\u0169 gia b\u00ec gai. Quan s\u00e1t c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng, c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 cho thu ho\u1ea1ch v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao, th\u1ea3o q\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f9a, b\u1ea1ch chu\u1ed9t c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t sai qu\u1ea3, c\u1ee7 b\u00ecnh v\u00f4i c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 cho c\u1ee7.<\/p>\n
K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c x\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 16-20 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng. S\u1ed1 h\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t (chi\u1ebfm 69.5%), sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn xuy\u00ean khung (14.3%), \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng quy (9.5%), t\u1ee5c \u0111o\u1ea1n (6.7%). M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 l\u00e3o quan th\u1ea3o, huy\u1ec1n s\u00e2m hay \u0111\u1ed7 tr\u1ecdng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7n nay ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1c v\u00e0i h\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i lo\u00e0i trong m\u1ed7i gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t \u00edt, th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1m nh\u1ecf (kho\u1ea3ng 10-30m2<\/sup>), th\u1eadm ch\u00ed ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i c\u00e2y (nh\u01b0 c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed7 tr\u1ecdng) quanh h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o hay m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng (nh\u01b0 ng\u1ea3i c\u1ee9u, g\u1ea5u t\u1ea7u, ng\u0169 gia b\u00ec gai …).<\/p>\n C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho vi\u1ec7c thu h\u00e1i thu\u1ed1c c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh h\u1ecd nh\u01b0 dao, cu\u1ed1c, x\u1ebbng, c\u1ee7i t\u1ea5u.<\/p>\n K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u0169ng cho th\u1ea5y t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c x\u00e3 trong khu v\u1ef1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, kho\u1ea3ng 697.003 m2<\/sup>, trong \u0111\u00f3 T\u1ea3 Van l\u00e0 x\u00e3 c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t, chi\u1ebfm t\u1edbi 40% v\u00e0 th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 x\u00e3 Lao Ch\u1ea3i chi\u1ebfm 10.5%. Ph\u1ea7n di\u1ec7n t\u00edch n\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 \u1edf r\u1eebng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. Ngo\u00e0i di\u1ec7n t\u00edch tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3 th\u00ec di\u1ec7n t\u00edch tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y kh\u00e1c r\u1ea5t \u00edt, ph\u1ea7n di\u1ec7n t\u00edch n\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu n\u1eb1m trong v\u01b0\u1eddn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n Th\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3 trong v\u01b0\u1eddn h\u1ed9 <\/i>C\u1ee7 b\u00ecnh v\u00f4i 8 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i<\/i><\/p>\n Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c x\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1u thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea5t canh t\u00e1c, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t canh t\u00e1c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y th\u00ec hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea5t. N\u1ebfu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n sang tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u1ea3ng 209.952m2<\/sup>. Lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1eaby hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng ng\u00f4, hoa m\u00e0u ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n di\u1ec7n t\u00edch v\u01b0\u1eddn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 \u0111ang b\u1ecf hoang.<\/p>\n Ngo\u00e0i kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai \u0111\u1ec3 canh t\u00e1c th\u00ec ngu\u1ed3n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c. C\u00e1c h\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u l\u1edbn, tuy nhi\u00ean s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh l\u1ea1i chi\u1ebfm t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 nh\u1ecf t\u1eeb 14.5% (th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n Sa Pa) \u0111\u1ebfn 29% (T\u1ea3 Ph\u00ecn). T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 n\u1eef trong \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i lao \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 chi\u1ebfm t\u1eeb 6.5% (th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n) \u0111\u1ebfn 14.1% (T\u1ea3 Ph\u00ecn).<\/p>\n V\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u. Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh trong khu v\u1ef1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ec1u thi\u1ebfu v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0.<\/p>\n 5.2 Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thu h\u00e1i, s\u01a1 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/b><\/p>\n T\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec1u tra cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3 (g\u1ea7n 70%) n\u00ean c\u00e1c n\u1ed9i dung sau t\u1eadp trung ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u1ec1 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y n\u00e0y. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra cho th\u1ea5y h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 khi tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ef1 thu h\u00e1i (chi\u1ebfm 90.38%), th\u1eddi v\u1ee5 h\u00e1i th\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 9 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 11 d\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ecbch. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ed9 do kinh t\u1ebf kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n th\u01b0\u1eddng thu h\u00e1i s\u1edbm, v\u00ec th\u1ebf khi s\u1ea5y b\u1ecb hao h\u1ee5t nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n (th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1i \u2013 kh\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m h\u00e1i s\u1edbm l\u00e0 10kg t\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 3kg kh\u00f4, c\u00f2n khi thu h\u00e1i \u0111\u00fang v\u1ee5 th\u00ec 10kg t\u01b0\u01a1i thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 4 kg kh\u00f4). Sau khi thu h\u00e1i \u0111a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec1u qua s\u01a1 ch\u1ebf r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi mang \u0111i b\u00e1n. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt h\u1ed9 (11.3%) sau khi thu h\u00e1i th\u00ec b\u00e1n t\u01b0\u01a1i lu\u00f4n kh\u00f4ng s\u01a1 ch\u1ebf g\u00ec. S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 (chi\u1ebfm 47.9%) ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea1i ch\u1ee3 (chi\u1ebfm 39.4%), r\u1ea5t \u00edt h\u1ed9 c\u00f3 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng mua b\u00e1n (ch\u1ec9 chi\u1ebfm 3.2%), \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y actiso c\u00f3 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ty Traphaco. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 h\u1ed9 c\u00f3 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef trong nh\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u00edt (chi\u1ebfm 16.2%) v\u00e0 c\u0169ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 th\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4. C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef trong nh\u00e0 r\u1ea5t \u00edt b\u1ecb m\u1ed1i m\u1ecdt (t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 h\u1ed9 b\u1ecb m\u1ed1i m\u1ecdt chi\u1ebfm 19.2%). C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m thu\u1ed1c b\u1ecb m\u1ed1i m\u1ecdt th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e2u kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3 s\u1ea5y ch\u01b0a th\u1eadt kh\u00f4. Khi b\u1ecb m\u1ed1i m\u1ecdt th\u00ec c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed5 ra ph\u01a1i kh\u00f4 ho\u1eb7c \u0111em s\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ed9 n\u00e0o d\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m thu\u1ed1c. C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c s\u01a1 ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c l\u1ea5y l\u00e1 v\u00e0 th\u00e2n sau khi thu h\u00e1i v\u1ec1 h\u1ecd b\u0103m nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 ph\u01a1i kh\u00f4 tr\u00ean nong, nia ho\u1eb7c s\u00e2n b\u00ea t\u00f4ng xi m\u0103ng. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3 th\u00ec h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng l\u00f2 s\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4 (th\u1eddi gian m\u1ed9t m\u1ebb s\u1ea5y trong kho\u1ea3ng 2-3 ti\u1ebfng). \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 c\u00f3 n\u01a1i thu h\u00e1i th\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3 xa nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn th\u00ec h\u1ecd l\u00e0m l\u00f2 s\u1ea5y v\u00e0 s\u1ea5y t\u1ea1i r\u1eebng, sau \u0111\u00f3 mang s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00f4 v\u1ec1. V\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 c\u00f3 v\u01b0\u1eddn th\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3 g\u1ea7n nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5p h\u1ecd thu h\u00e1i v\u00e0 mang v\u1ec1 s\u1ea5y t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0. Sau khi s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cho v\u00e0o bao d\u1ee9a bu\u1ed9c l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00ean g\u00e1c b\u1ebfp khi n\u00e0o g\u1eb7p kh\u00e1ch ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1 th\u00ec b\u00e1n. S\u1ed1 h\u1ed9 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y chi\u1ebfm 73.4%. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c (chi\u1ebfm 26.6%) \u0111\u1ec3 trong c\u1ee7i t\u1ea5u ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ec9 g\u00e1c l\u00ean s\u00e0n l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng n\u1ee9a v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c treo ph\u00eda tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a b\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng trong v\u01b0\u1eddn h\u1ed9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u00f2n thu h\u00e1i c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c trong r\u1eebng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu h\u00e1i nh\u01b0 c\u00e2y b\u1ed5 m\u00e1u, t\u1ee5c \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c t\u1eafm …<\/p>\n 5.3 M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c li\u00ean quan trong v\u00f9ng<\/b><\/p>\n K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra cho th\u1ea5y, m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. \u0110a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 giao d\u1ecbch v\u1edbi t\u01b0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng (69.8%) khi b\u00e1n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c giao d\u1ecbch n\u00e0y di\u1ec5n ra quanh n\u0103m. Khi \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f9a v\u1ee5 thu h\u00e1i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u01b0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 sau khi tho\u1ea3 thu\u1eadn gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ed v\u00e0 mua b\u00e1n v\u1edbi nhau. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt h\u1ed9 (chi\u1ebfm 3.8%) c\u00f3 giao d\u1ecbch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 kinh doanh thu\u1ed1c, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed1i thu mua s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c \u1edf x\u00e3 ho\u1eb7c c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 kinh doanh thu\u1ed1c tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 h\u1ed9 giao d\u1ecbch v\u1edbi tr\u1ea1m d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u c\u0169ng th\u1ea5p (7.55%). V\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y ch\u00e8 actiso th\u00ec ngo\u00e0i giao d\u1ecbch v\u1edbi t\u01b0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u thu\u1ed1c h\u1ecd c\u00f2n giao d\u1ecbch v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ty Traphaco \u1edf Sa Pa. Trong h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f4ng ty Traphaco ch\u1ec9 mua s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u00e1, c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ecdng v\u00e0 th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y actiso th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i b\u00e1n cho t\u01b0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf ch\u1ee3 ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u thu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n Khi giao d\u1ecbch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c n\u00e0y, ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 c\u00f3 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ty Traphaco ho\u1eb7c v\u1edbi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u1ec1 gi\u1ed1ng (12.7%), ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n (6.4%), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadp hu\u1ea5n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt (17.5%) ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1m \u1ee9ng ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t (11.1%). Tr\u1ea1m khuy\u1ebfn n\u00f4ng huy\u1ec7n c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 d\u00e2n tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf c\u00e1c l\u1edbp t\u1eadp hu\u1ea5n v\u1ec1 tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 gi\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u01b0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00ec h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 thu mua s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ngo\u00e0i ra kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng, ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn. V\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c trong x\u00e3 h\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap nhau ng\u00e0y c\u00f4ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c. T\u1ea5t c\u00e1c c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn cho c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n 6. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn.<\/b><\/p>\n \u00b7 Lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n tr\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng quy, xuy\u00ean khung, b\u1ea1ch chu\u1ed9t, huy\u1ec1n s\u00e2m, \u0111\u1ed7 tr\u1ecdng. Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y n\u00e0y \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng do \u0111\u1ea7u ra kh\u00f4ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb tho\u00e1i ho\u00e1. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 h\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3 \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng l\u00ean, do \u0111\u1ea7u ra ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 t\u1ed1t do s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n sang Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n \u00b7 C\u00f3 t\u1eeb 16 \u0111\u1ebfn 20 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng t\u1ea1i Sa Pa. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ed9 tham gia tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c (90.4%). Nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i s\u1ed1 h\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m c\u00f2n 71%.<\/p>\n \u00b7 T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n, tr\u1eeb m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ed9 c\u00f2n tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y kh\u00e1c th\u00ec c\u00f3 d\u00f9ng ph\u00e2n ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f3n.<\/p>\n \u00b7 Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i sang tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c trong khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f2n g\u1ea7n 28.6ha. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai m\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng ng\u00f4, hoa m\u00e0u.<\/p>\n \u00b7 H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec1u thu h\u00e1i v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn thu\u1ed1c (90.4%). Tuy nhi\u00ean bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ph\u01a1i ho\u1eb7c s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c l\u00f2 s\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n \u00b7 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u00e0 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho vi\u1ec7c thu h\u00e1i v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m thu\u1ed1c th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 dao, cu\u1ed1c, x\u1ebbng, c\u1ee7i t\u1ea5u, bao d\u1ee9a, nong nia, s\u00e2n xi m\u0103ng.<\/p>\n \u00b7 C\u00e1c h\u1ed9 sau khi thu h\u00e1i ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u00ec b\u00e1n lu\u00f4n, \u00edt h\u1ed9 c\u00f3 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh (16.2%). T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m thu\u1ed1c b\u1ecb m\u1ed1i m\u1ecdt c\u0169ng th\u1ea5p (19.2%). Khi b\u1ecb m\u1ed1i m\u1ecdt c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 l\u1ea1i \u0111em ph\u01a1i ho\u1eb7c s\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n \u00b7 Quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng thu\u1ed1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 v\u1edbi t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n (69.8%). S\u1ed1 h\u1ed9 c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c Tr\u1ea1m d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u, c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng thu\u1ed1c ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c kh\u00e1c \u00edt (3.8%).<\/p>\n \u00b7 R\u1ea5t \u00edt h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh tr\u1ed3ng thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 (10.6%). H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng (3.8%), ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n (3.8%) ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea1m \u1ee9ng ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t (4.8%).<\/p>\n \u00b7 Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u01b0\u1eddn thu\u1ed1c r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u00ec v\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch r\u1ea5t b\u00e9, tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3 th\u00ec c\u00f3 v\u01b0\u1eddn thu\u1ed1c v\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u1edbn t\u1eadp trung trong r\u1eebng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. \u0110a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y kh\u00e1c trong v\u01b0\u1eddn h\u1ed9. Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i th\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 b\u1ea1ch chu\u1ed9t cho n\u0103ng xu\u1ea5t cao.<\/p>\n 7. Ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb.<\/b><\/p>\n \u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c t\u1ea1i SaPa\u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng c\u1ea7n quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 sau:<\/p>\n \u00b7 Quy ho\u1ea1ch v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, quy m\u00f4 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ho\u00e0ng ho\u00e1.<\/p>\n \u00b7 X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n quan t\u00e2m v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n sinh th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n \u00b7 Do c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 d\u00e2n ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kinh t\u1ebf kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u00ec th\u1ebf n\u00ean h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u00e0 con v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t nh\u01b0 t\u1eadp hu\u1ea5n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y, ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecf ng\u00e0y c\u00f4ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n \u00b7 V\u00ec di\u1ec7n t\u00edch canh t\u00e1c c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 trong khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i sang tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u do \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp cao h\u01a1n c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng m\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n \u00b7 C\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c li\u00ean quan t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i li\u00ean ho\u00e0n, kh\u00e9p k\u00edn. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 – khuy\u1ebfn n\u00f4ng huy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c t\u1ea1i SaPa.<\/p>\n T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o.<\/b><\/p>\n 1. \u0110\u1ed7 T\u1ea5t L\u1ee3i, Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 v\u1ecb thu\u1ed1c Vi\u1ec7t Nam, NXB Y h\u1ecdc H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i 1999.<\/p>\n 2. FRONTIER Vi\u1ec7t Nam, T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u, 2002.<\/p>\n Assessment of the potentiality to develop medicinal plant species in Sa Pa district, L\u00e0o Cai province.<\/b><\/p>\n Summary<\/b><\/p>\n Results of the survey on real situation of medicinal plants planting and developing in SaPa district, LaoCaiProvinceshow that previously many households did plant medicinal plants and the number of medicinal plant species was rather abundant. But as the products found no market and the introduced species deteriorated, the number of households engaged in medicinal plant planting at present and the number of medicinal plant species now planted has much been reduced. Presently in the surveyed communes only Amomum costatum<\/i> is planted. This is a species that can be planted under the canopy of natural forest thus requires no agricultural land. Due to it\u2019s high productivity and the product sells well to China, the area planted with A.costatum<\/i> is increasing. Other medicinal plants are planted by only a few households now, in very small areas, for self-comsumption. Most of households that plant medicinal plants do harvest and roughly treat the product themselves for selling to private traders or to drug stores. The products are mainly sold at home or on the market. Various organizations in SaPa district play an important role in development of medicinal plants especially the district agricultural extention service. There remains in the communes land that can be converted to medicinal plant planting. This land area is however not large and is presently under slash-and-burn and crop cultivation. The people are ready to change their land-use provided the output for the products is ensured.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u n\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. Do \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u1eadu thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i, r\u1eebng n\u01b0\u1edbc ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao, cung c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[18],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/489"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=489"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/489\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19107,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/489\/revisions\/19107"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=489"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=489"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=489"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}