{"id":476,"date":"2005-07-16T05:41:23","date_gmt":"2005-07-16T05:41:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vafs.dungnq.local\/2005\/07\/16\/phan-chia-lap-dia-dat-cat-ven-bien-2\/"},"modified":"2013-10-07T11:19:57","modified_gmt":"2013-10-07T04:19:57","slug":"phan-chia-lap-dia-dat-cat-ven-bien-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/phan-chia-lap-dia-dat-cat-ven-bien-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u00e2n chia l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t ven bi\u1ec3n"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0110\u1eb7ng V\u0103n Thuy\u1ebft<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/i><\/p>\n

\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u00f9ng c\u00e1t ven bi\u1ec3n, do \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ecba m\u1ea1o thay \u0111\u1ed5i, \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t kh\u00f4, r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng do gi\u00f3 th\u1ed5i v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y k\u00e9o c\u00e1t tr\u00f4i. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh v\u00ec th\u1ebf c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y c\u1ecf t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean r\u1ea5t nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf r\u1eb1ng l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t ven bi\u1ec3n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y c\u1ecf v\u00e0 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng khi m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m n\u00f4ng hay s\u00e2u, b\u1ecb ng\u1eadp hay kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00f9a m\u01b0a, \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc hay \u0111\u1ecdng n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t di \u0111\u1ed9ng hay c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh,… Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n chia nh\u00f3m, d\u1ea1ng l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00fap l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y, c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 canh t\u00e1c c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi t\u1eebng d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t ven bi\u1ec3n c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

1. C\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0 ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ph\u00e2n chia:<\/b><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 4 ti\u00eau ch\u00ed li\u00ean quan tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecba m\u1ea1o, ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbc, lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u00ad\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0m c\u0103n c\u1ee9 ph\u00e2n chia nh\u00f3m, d\u1ea1ng l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t ven bi\u1ec3n:<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

a.<\/i><\/b>\u0110\u1ecba h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecba m\u1ea1o:<\/i><\/b><\/b><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ecba h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecba m\u1ea1o bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 cao, h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1t, g\u1ed3m 3 d\u1ea1ng ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n

* \u0110\u1ee5n c\u00e1t di \u0111\u1ed9ng (I)<\/i>: L\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ecba m\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, lu\u00f4n thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng, \u0111\u01b0\u00ad\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n c\u00e1t m\u1edbi kh\u00f4 r\u1eddi, c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, tu\u1ef3 theo \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh 3 d\u1ea1ng ph\u1ee5:<\/p>\n

(1) \u0110\u1ee5n b\u00e3i n\u1eb1m nghi\u00eang<\/i>: D\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 bi\u1ec3n, ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c d\u1ecdc b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

(2) \u0110\u1ee5n g\u00f2 l\u01b0\u00ad\u1ee3n s\u00f3ng<\/i>: Ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh d\u1ea3i r\u1ed9ng h\u1eb9p kh\u00e1c nhau, n\u01a1i c\u00f3 gi\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh chi ph\u1ed1i ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n

(3) \u0110\u1ee5n c\u1ed3n h\u00ecnh mu\u00f4i \u00fap<\/i>: D\u1ed1c tho\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u00ad\u1edbng gi\u00f3 ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 d\u1ed1c m\u1ea1nh \u1edf h\u01b0\u00ad\u1edbng ng\u00ad\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, l\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1t di \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh do gi\u00f3.<\/p>\n

* C\u1ed3n c\u00e1t (II)<\/i>:\u0110\u1ecba m\u1ea1o t\u00ad\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1edd che ch\u1eafn, bao ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp th\u1ea3m c\u00e2y c\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 3 d\u1ea1ng ph\u1ee5:<\/p>\n

(4) D\u1ea1ng c\u1ed3n \u0111\u0129a \u00fap<\/i>: Th\u1ea5p, r\u1ed9ng, tho\u1ea3i, th\u01b0\u00ad\u1eddng \u0111\u00ad\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi c\u1ecf qu\u0103n (Fimbristylis<\/i>), phi lao t\u1eeb d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ee5n g\u00f2 l\u01b0\u00ad\u1ee3n s\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n

(5) D\u1ea1ng c\u1ed3n b\u00e1t \u00fap<\/i>: Cao, h\u1eb9p, d\u1ed1c t\u00ad\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ph\u00eda ho\u1eb7c d\u1ed1c m\u1ea1nh ph\u00eda khu\u1ea5t gi\u00f3 ch\u00ednh, th\u00ad\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00ad\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi c\u1ecf l\u00f4ng ch\u00f4ng (Spinifex littirus)<\/i>, c\u1ecf qu\u0103n ho\u1eb7c phi lao t\u1eeb d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ee5n c\u1ed3n h\u00ecnh mu\u00f4i \u00fap.<\/p>\n

(6) D\u1ea1ng c\u1ed3n \u0111\u00ea ch\u1eafn<\/i>: Cao trung b\u00ecnh, h\u1eb9p nh\u01b0\u00adng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i, d\u1ed1c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ea3 hai ph\u00eda, th\u00ad\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u00ad\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi c\u1ecf qu\u0103n, phi lao.<\/p>\n

* B\u00e3i c\u00e1t c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh (III):<\/i>\u0110\u1ecba m\u1ea1o kh\u00e1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tr\u0169ng c\u00e1t th\u1ea5p, kh\u00e1 b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng, \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1edd c\u00e2y c\u1ecf t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng che ph\u1ee7, c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u00ad\u1edbc, g\u1ed3m 4 d\u1ea1ng ph\u1ee5:<\/p>\n

(7) D\u1ea1ng b\u00e3i c\u00e1t cao, kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ng\u1eadp n\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f3 m\u1ef1c n\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m s\u00e2u,<\/i> t\u00ad\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng.<\/p>\n

(8) B\u00e3i c\u00e1t th\u1ea5p, kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eadp<\/i>, h\u1eb9p nh\u01b0\u00adng d\u00e0i, h\u01a1i g\u1ed3 gh\u1ec1 v\u00e0 d\u1ed1c nh\u1eb9. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ee5 thu\u1ef7 d\u1eabn n\u01b0\u00ad\u1edbc v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c b\u00e3i c\u00e1t th\u1ea5p, \u1ea9m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c su\u1ed1i c\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

(9) B\u00e3i c\u00e1t th\u1ea5p, b\u00e1n ng\u1eadp<\/i>, t\u00ad\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng, ng\u1eadp n\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbc m\u01b0a m\u00f9a h\u00e8 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t sau nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadn m\u00ad\u01b0a l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn 3-4 th\u00e1ng, \u0111\u00ad\u01b0\u1ee3c che ph\u1ee7 b\u1edfi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u1ecf \u00ad\u01b0a \u1ea9m ch\u1ecbu ph\u00e8n nh\u00ad\u01b0 c\u1ecf r\u01b0\u00ad\u1eddi (Siris compalanata) <\/i>xen t\u1eebng \u0111\u00e1m thanh hao (Baeckea frutscems)<\/i>, mua b\u00e0 (Melastona dodecandrum)<\/i>.<\/p>\n

(10) B\u00e3i<\/i> c\u00e1t th\u1ea5p \u1ea9m \u00ad\u01b0\u1edbt<\/i> t\u01b0\u00ad\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i r\u1ed9ng, b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng, th\u1ea5p tr\u0169ng n\u00ean th\u00ad\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 n\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbc quanh n\u0103m. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u00ad\u1edfng m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c su\u1ed1i c\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

b. Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/i><\/b>: <\/b><\/p>\n

Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t ven bi\u1ec3n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ng\u1eadp hay kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eadp, m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u00ad\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m n\u00f4ng hay s\u00e2u. Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbc li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ecba m\u1ea1o v\u00f9ng c\u00e1t ven bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ee5n, c\u1ed3n th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u00ad\u1edbc v\u00e0 n\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m \u1edf r\u1ea5t s\u00e2u, th\u00ad\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e2y c\u1ecf che ph\u1ee7 ho\u1eb7c l\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1c c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1m c\u1ecf l\u00f4ng ch\u00f4ng, mu\u1ed1ng bi\u1ec3n. B\u00e3i c\u00e1t c\u0169ng c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eadp, c\u00f3 m\u1ef1c n\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m \u1edf s\u00e2u, \u0111\u00ad\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u1ecf ch\u1ecbu kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1n. D\u1ea1ng b\u00e3i c\u00e1t th\u1ea5p c\u00f3 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea9m \u00ad\u01b0\u1edbt hay b\u00e1n ng\u1eadp v\u00e0 ng\u1eadp th\u01b0\u00ad\u1eddng xuy\u00ean li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 chua c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u1ecf ch\u1ecbu \u1ea9m, ph\u00e8n ho\u1eb7c c\u1ecf \u01b0\u00ada \u1ea9m ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb. C\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y \u00edt b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1edfi gi\u00f3 nh\u01b0\u00adng l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng xung y\u1ebfu g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i b\u1edfi n\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh su\u1ed1i c\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

N\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u00ad\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t ven bi\u1ec3n, \u0111\u00ad\u01b0\u1ee3c chia ra c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c: (A) kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eadp (n\u01b0\u00ad\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m \u1edf s\u00e2u); (B) \u1ea9m \u00ad\u01b0\u1edbt m\u00f9a m\u01b0\u00ada; (C) \u1ea9m \u00ad\u01b0\u1edbt quanh n\u0103m, chua; (D) \u1ea9m \u01b0\u00ad\u1edbt quanh n\u0103m, \u00edt chua; (\u0110) b\u00e1n ng\u1eadp m\u00f9a m\u00ad\u01b0a; (E) ng\u1eadp th\u01b0\u00ad\u1eddng xuy\u00ean.<\/p>\n

Trong 6 d\u1ea1ng tr\u00ean th\u00ec \u1edf v\u00f9ng c\u00e1t ven bi\u1ec3n B\u1eafc Trung b\u1ed9 d\u1ea1ng A chi\u1ebfm di\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u1edbn h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 v\u00e0 g\u1eafn v\u1edbi n\u1ea1n c\u00e1t bay. Trong t\u1ed5ng 22.152ha \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u1edf v\u00f9ng c\u00e1t Nam Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh th\u00ec c\u00f3 t\u1edbi 73,7% thu\u1ed9c l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eadp, c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 chi\u1ebfm 26,3%.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

c. Lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t<\/i><\/b>:<\/b><\/p>\n

D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u00ad\u01b0ng h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t, tr\u00ean v\u00f9ng c\u00e1t ven bi\u1ec3n B\u1eafc Trung b\u1ed9 c\u00f3 11 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh: <\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

(1) C\u00e1t tr\u1eafng v\u00e0ng di \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u00e1t bi\u1ec3n<\/i>.<\/i><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea5t c\u00f3 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng h\u01a1i v\u00e0ng, 96 \u2014 99% l\u00e0 c\u00e1t, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 2\u2014 2,5% limon v\u00e0 1 \u2014 2% s\u00e9t, 0,63% ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 v\u00e0 0,02% \u0111\u1ea1m t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1, 0,25 \u2014 0,4% l\u0111l\/100g Ca++<\/sup>, Mg++<\/sup>; c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng g\u1ea7n trung t\u00ednh (pH = 6,8). Lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00ec so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t kh\u00e1c, do v\u1eady tuy ch\u00ad\u01b0a c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00ad\u01b0 ngo\u00e0i l\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1c v\u00e0i \u0111\u00e1m rau mu\u1ed1ng bi\u1ec3n nh\u01b0\u00adng n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u00ad\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng th\u00ec phi lao m\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

(2) C\u00e1t tr\u1eafng di \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf v\u00f9ng gi\u1eefa.<\/i><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea5t m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng h\u01a1i v\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e2y che ph\u1ee7 v\u1edbi 98% l\u00e0 c\u00e1t, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ea1t s\u00e9t n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c cao, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u00ad\u1edbc k\u00e9m, pH =”4,8-5,0,” m\u00f9n < 0,06%, \u0111\u1ea1m < 0,002%. P2<\/sub>O5<\/sub> v\u00e0 K2<\/sub>O d\u1ec5 ti\u00eau, Ca++<\/sup>, Mg++<\/sup> trao \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3m so v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1t di \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh s\u00e1t bi\u1ec3n. Do v\u1eady \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 lu\u00f4n \u1edf t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00ec k\u00e9m nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

(3) C\u00e1t v\u00e0ng c\u1ed3n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/i><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea5t m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng, l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt l\u00e0 tr\u1ea3ng c\u00e2y b\u1ee5i, c\u00f3 n\u01a1i m\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh d\u1ea1ng r\u00fa che ph\u1ee7 t\u1edbi 60-70%, c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u00e1t 86-87%, limon 2-6% v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 s\u00e9t t\u0103ng cao 7-11%. \u0110\u1ea5t h\u01a1i chua (pH = 4,0-4,6) nh\u01b0\u00adng m\u00f9n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ea5p, ri\u00eang P2<\/sub>O5<\/sub> v\u00e0 K2<\/sub>O d\u1ec5 ti\u00eau, Ca++<\/sup>, Mg++<\/sup> trao \u0111\u1ed5i cao h\u01a1n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

(4) C\u00e1t tr\u1eafng x\u00e1m c\u1ed3n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/i><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea5t c\u00f3 m\u00e0u h\u01a1i x\u00e1m, \u0111\u00ad\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1edd c\u1ecf, c\u00e2y b\u1ee5i ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 phi lao tr\u1ed3ng. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1t 96-98% v\u00e0 1,5 – 2,0% limon, \u0111\u1ea5t chua (pH = 3,8-4,2), m\u00f9n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1m kh\u00e1 h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ed3n c\u00e1t v\u00e0ng, Ca++<\/sup>,Mg++<\/sup> trao \u0111\u1ed5i, P2<\/sub>O5<\/sub> v\u00e0 K2<\/sub>O d\u1ec5 ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ea5p. \u0110\u1ea5t n\u00e0y tuy \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u00ad\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00ec v\u1eabn k\u00e9m.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

(5) C\u00e1t v\u00e0ng b\u00e3i c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/i><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea5t c\u00f3 m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ed3n c\u00e1t v\u00e0ng, \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh kh\u00e1 b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng, r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 cao n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ng\u1eadp v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u00ad\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m \u1edf s\u00e2u. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u00e1t 93-94%, limon 4-6% v\u00e0 ri\u00eang h\u1ea1t s\u00e9t t\u0103ng theo chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u t\u1eeb 0,8 \u0111\u1ebfn 5,6%, c\u00f3 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 c\u1ecf qu\u0103n, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01a1i c\u00f3 tr\u1ea3ng tru\u00f4ng c\u00e2y b\u1ee5i. \u0110\u1ea5t h\u01a1i chua (pH = 4,1-4,4), m\u00f9n 0,3-0,6% v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00e1 h\u01a1n (0,02-0,04%). Ca++<\/sup>, Mg++<\/sup> trao \u0111\u1ed5i, P2<\/sub>O5<\/sub> v\u00e0 K2<\/sub>O d\u1ec5 ti\u00eau r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p. Nh\u1edd kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u00ednh k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a c\u00e1t t\u0103ng n\u00ean kh\u00f3 b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng do gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 n\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u1ebfu gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u00ad\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00ad\u01b0 th\u00e2m canh s\u1ebd n\u00e2ng cao kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

(6) C\u00e1t tr\u1eafng x\u00e1m, b\u00e3i c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh. <\/i><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea5t c\u00f3 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng x\u00e1m, b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng, r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 cao n\u00ean m\u1ef1c n\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m s\u00e2u. C\u00f3 r\u1eebng phi lao ch\u1ed3i xen c\u1ecf qu\u0103n v\u00e0 l\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1c c\u00e2y b\u1ee5i ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f4i n\u01a1i tr\u1ed3ng d\u01b0\u00ada h\u1ea5u, l\u1ea1c, v\u1eebng,… <\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 90-95% c\u00e1t v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n 5% limon v\u00e0 s\u00e9t, \u0111\u1ea5t v\u1eabn h\u01a1i chua (pH = 4-4,4) v\u00e0 m\u00f9n c\u00f2n kh\u00e1 nh\u01b0\u00ad b\u00e3i c\u00e1t v\u00e0ng nh\u00ad\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ea1m, P2<\/sub>O5<\/sub>, K2<\/sub>O t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. Ng\u01b0\u00ad\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i Ca+2<\/sup>, Mg+2<\/sup> trao \u0111\u1ed5i c\u0169ng nh\u00ad P2<\/sub>O5<\/sub>, K2<\/sub>O d\u1ec5 ti\u00eau th\u00ec cao h\u01a1n trong khi \u0111\u1ed9 chua thu\u1ef7 ph\u00e2n th\u1ea5p h\u1eb3n so v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i tr\u00ean. H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y l\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u00ad\u1edbc, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u00f9a kh\u00f4.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

(7) C\u00e1t x\u00e1m tr\u1eafng, b\u00e3i c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/i><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea5t c\u00f3 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng x\u00e1m \u0111\u00ad\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh do s\u1ef1 t\u00edch \u0111\u1ecdng v\u00e0 b\u1ed3i t\u1ee5 c\u00e1t \u1edf n\u01a1i th\u1ea5p. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 c\u00e1t (98%) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00edt limon (1,5-2%), \u0111\u1ea5t h\u01a1i chua (pH=”4,3-4,9);” m\u00f9n, \u0111\u1ea1m, P2<\/sub>O5<\/sub>, K2<\/sub>O, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u00ad\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 tr\u1eeb Ca++<\/sup> v\u00e0 Mg++<\/sup>. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, c\u00f3 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u00ad\u1edbc b\u00e1n ng\u1eadp v\u00e0 m\u1ef1c n\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m n\u00f4ng n\u00ean thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho canh t\u00e1c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

(8) C\u00e1t x\u00e1m tr\u1eafng, chua, b\u00e3i c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/i><\/p>\n

M\u00e0u \u0111\u1ea5t x\u00e1m \u0111en tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n c\u00e1t m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u00ad\u1ee3c b\u1ed3i t\u1ee5 do c\u00e1t b\u1ecb l\u1ea5n l\u1ea5p \u1edf n\u01a1i th\u1ea5p do gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u00ad\u1edbc mang l\u1ea1i. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 h\u01a1n 98% l\u00e0 c\u00e1t v\u00e0 1,4-1,6% limon, \u0111\u1ea5t th\u00ad\u01b0\u1eddng chua, c\u00f3 n\u01a1i \u00edt chua (pH = 4,5-5,1), m\u00f9n, \u0111\u1ea1m, P2<\/sub>O5<\/sub>, K2<\/sub>O tuy kh\u00f4ng cao nh\u00ad\u01b0ng thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1, dung t\u00edch h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 cao \u1edf t\u1ea7ng m\u1eb7t (3,6 l\u0111l\/100g). L\u1ee3i th\u1ebf ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y l\u00e0 lu\u00f4n \u1ea9m c\u00f3 n\u01a1i b\u1ecb ng\u1eadp n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m b\u00e3i ch\u0103n th\u1ea3 ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 canh t\u00e1c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ed3ng phi lao nh\u00ad\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00ean l\u00edp n\u00ean c\u00e2y th\u01b0\u00ad\u1eddng b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft do ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u00ad\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

(9) C\u00e1t tr\u1eafng x\u00e1m \u00edt chua, b\u00e3i c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/i>.<\/i><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea5t c\u00f3 m\u00e0u x\u00e1m tr\u1eafng h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n c\u00e1t m\u1edbi \u1edf c\u00e1c b\u00e3i c\u00e1t th\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c su\u1ed1i tr\u01b0\u00ad\u1edbc khi ch\u1ea3y ra bi\u1ec3n b\u1ecb b\u1ed3i l\u1ea5p do n\u01b0\u00ad\u1edbc \u0111\u00ad\u01b0a c\u00e1t tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3n. M\u00f9a m\u00ad\u01b0a ch\u1ec9 b\u1ecb ng\u1eadp t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi, m\u00f9a kh\u00f4 v\u1eabn c\u00f3 n\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ec9 ng\u1ea7m n\u00ean lu\u00f4n \u1ea9m v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u00ad\u1eddng \u0111\u00ad\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean lu\u1ed1ng tr\u1ed3ng khoai lang. \u0110\u1ea5t v\u1eabn c\u00f3 95-97% c\u00e1t, 3,0-4,0% limon v\u00e0 s\u00e9t, \u00edt chua h\u01a1n (pH= 5,0-5,2), m\u00f9n, \u0111\u1ea1m, P2<\/sub>O5<\/sub>, K2<\/sub>O c\u0169ng kh\u00e1, Ca++<\/sup> v\u00e0 Mg++<\/sup> kh\u00e1 nh\u1ea5t (0,2-0,6 l\u0111l\/100g) v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 chua thu\u1ef7 ph\u00e2n th\u1ea5p n\u00ean thu\u1eadn cho tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

(10) B\u00e3i c\u00e1t tr\u1eafng x\u00e1m, th\u1ea5p b\u00e1n ng\u1eadp, g\u1ea7n trung t\u00ednh.<\/i><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n trung t\u00ednh, pH = 6,5-6,8, m\u00f9n chi\u1ebfm kh\u00e1 cao 0,4%, P2<\/sub>O5<\/sub> = 0,4mg\/100g, K2<\/sub>O = 1,8mg\/100g, d\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng khoai lang, \u0111\u1ed7, l\u1ea1c ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i rau m\u00e0u 1 v\u1ee5.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

(11) B\u00e3i c\u00e1t tr\u1eafng x\u00e1m, ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u00ad\u1edbc quanh n\u0103m, \u00edt chua \u0111\u1ebfn trung t\u00ednh.<\/i><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea5t thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i \u00edt chua \u0111\u1ebfn trung t\u00ednh, pH = 5,5-7,0, m\u00f9n chi\u1ebfm kh\u00e1 cao 0,5%, P2<\/sub>O5<\/sub> = 0,5mg\/100g, K2<\/sub>O = 1,8mg\/100g. Lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec3 hoang ho\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00e0u – n\u01a1i d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef n\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i:<\/i>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t ven bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 tr\u00ean 90% l\u00e0 c\u00e1t v\u00e0 ngh\u00e8o x\u1ea5u nh\u01b0\u00adng m\u1ed7i d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai, l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00ec kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u00ada ra h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

d. Th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb<\/i><\/b>: <\/b><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 h\u01a1n 60 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y c\u1ecf th\u00ad\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p \u1edf v\u00f9ng c\u00e1t ven bi\u1ec3n B\u1eafc Trung b\u1ed9. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u00f9ng c\u00e1t ven bi\u1ec3n, th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt r\u1ea5t nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba. C\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba kh\u00e1c nhau b\u1edfi \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecba m\u1ea1o, lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t, ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u00ad\u1edbc th\u00ec c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng nh\u00f3m lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu m\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb cho d\u1ea1ng l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u00f3. V\u00ec v\u1eady, d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nh\u00f3m lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y c\u1ecf \u01b0\u00adu th\u1ebf x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00ad\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1ng l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u00ad\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n chia th\u00e0nh 8 d\u1ea1ng:<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

(a) Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ecf c\u00e2y: <\/i><\/p>\n

Th\u01b0\u00ad\u1eddng g\u1eb7p \u1edf c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee5n, c\u1ed3n c\u00e1t cao \u1edf v\u00f9ng ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng gi\u1eefa b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh do gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 h\u1ea7u nh\u00ad\u01b0 ch\u01b0\u00ada c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00ad\u01b0. D\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u1edbi 3.944ha, chi\u1ebfm 14,2% di\u1ec7n t\u00edch v\u00f9ng c\u00e1t Nam Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh. (H\u00ecnh 1)<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

(b) C\u1ecf l\u00f4ng ch\u00f4ng, mu\u1ed1ng bi\u1ec3n, b\u1ea1c tr\u00f4\u1ed1c (b\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ea7u):<\/i><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u1ecf n\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu m\u1ecdc tr\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u1ed3n c\u00e1t m\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u1edf s\u00e1t bi\u1ec3n. (H\u00ecnh 2)<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

(c) C\u1ecf ch\u1ecbu kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1n<\/i>: G\u1ed3m c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u1ecf qu\u0103n \u0111\u1ecf, c\u1ecf qu\u0103n tr\u1eafng, c\u1ecf l\u00e1,\u2026 (H\u00ecnh 3) m\u1ecdc \u1edf c\u00e1c b\u00e3i c\u00e1t cao, kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u00ad\u1edbc, c\u00f3 m\u1ef1c n\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m s\u00e2u, t\u01b0\u00ad\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng. Phi lao tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean d\u1ea1ng l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba c\u00f3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u1ecf ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u00ad\u1eddng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u00e9m.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

(d) C\u1ecf ch\u1ecbu \u1ea9m, ph\u00e8n:<\/i>Lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y chi\u1ebfm di\u1ec7nt\u00edch r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, c\u00f3 n\u01a1i g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0\u00ad thu\u1ea7n c\u1ecf r\u01b0\u00ad\u1eddi cao 50-70cm m\u1ecdc d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c (H\u00ecnh 4), c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 xen mua b\u00e0, thanh hao ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1edf v\u00f9ng ngo\u00e0i. Sinh kh\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u00ad\u01a1i c\u1ecf r\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1t 50 t\u1ea5n\/ha trong \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t 13-25 t\u1ea5n\/ha v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n d\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1t 25-37 t\u1ea5n\/ha.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

(e)<\/i>C\u1ecf \u00ad\u01b0a \u1ea9m<\/i>:C\u00f3 \u1ed1ng, c\u1ecf g\u1ea5u,… m\u1ecdc \u1edf c\u00e1c b\u00e3i c\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng cao nh\u01b0\u00adng \u0111\u1ee7 \u1ea9m, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ng\u1eadp n\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

(f) C\u00e2y b\u1ee5i ch\u1ecbu \u1ea9m, ph\u00e8n<\/i>: G\u1ed3m mua b\u00e0 (H\u00ecnh 5), thanh hao (H\u00ecnh 6), tr\u00e0m b\u1ee5i,… m\u1ecdc r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c \u1edf b\u00e3i c\u00e1t \u1ea9m \u00ad\u01b0\u1edbt quanh n\u0103m, \u0111\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u00ad\u1eddng chua, ph\u00e8n.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

G\u1ed3m qu\u00fdt d\u1ea1i, m\u1eabu \u0111\u01a1n, g\u0103ng, d\u00f3 ni\u1ec7t,… th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ecdc tr\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u1ed3n c\u00e1t b\u00e1n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00f3 m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u00ad\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m s\u00e2u, g\u1eb7p kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u \u1edf v\u00f9ng c\u00e1t Nam Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

(h)<\/i>Tr\u1ea3ng, tru\u00f4ng, r\u00fa<\/i>: Tr\u00e2m, tr\u00e0m l\u00f9n, hoa d\u1ebb, ch\u1ea1c tr\u00ecu,… l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb \u1edf nh\u1eefng b\u00e3i c\u00e1t v\u00e0ng cao c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, g\u1eb7p \u1edf V\u0129nh Linh – Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 Sen Thu\u1ef7 \u2013 L\u1ec7 Thu\u1ef7 \u2013 Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh,…<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2. C\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t ven bi\u1ec3n:<\/b><\/p>\n

T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m v\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba ph\u00e2n chia theo c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn, cho th\u1ea5y:<\/p>\n

X\u00e9t v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9, c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u00ad\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a 2 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u00ad\u1edbc c\u1ef1c \u0111oan: C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee5n, c\u1ed3n b\u00e3i cao c\u00f3 m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u00ad\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m s\u00e2u d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb nguy c\u01a1 gi\u00f3 h\u1ea1i li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ea1n c\u00e1t bay v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thung, b\u00e3i th\u1ea5p b\u00e1n ng\u1eadp ho\u1eb7c ng\u1eadp n\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb nguy c\u01a1 thu\u1ef7 h\u1ea1i li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ea1n c\u00e1t ch\u1ea3y. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n chia ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0\u00ad quy ho\u1ea1ch tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng cho khu v\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

To\u00e0n v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 3 nh\u00f3m l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba I, II v\u00e0 III v\u1edbi 21 d\u1ea1ng l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba. Hai nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee5n c\u00e1t di \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u1ed3n c\u00e1t c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 8 d\u1ea1ng l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba nh\u00ad\u01b0ng g\u1ea7n nh\u00ad\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u00ad\u1edbc m\u1eb7t, l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 m\u1ef1c n\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m s\u00e2u n\u00ean r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Nh\u00f3m l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 b\u00e3i c\u00e1t c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn 13 d\u1ea1ng l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba, c\u00f3 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u00ad\u1edbc thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i h\u01a1n, nh\u00ad\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eadp (IIIA5c, IIIA6c,…) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u1ea1ng nhi\u1ec1u khi b\u1ecb ng\u1eadp \u00fang nh\u01b0\u00ad d\u1ea1ng l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba IIID9\u0111, III\u011010\u0111, IIIC8\u0111. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m d\u1ea1ng l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba c\u00f3 qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea5t cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng IIID9\u0111.<\/p>\n

Bi\u1ec3u 1: D\u1ea1ng l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t ven bi\u1ec3n.<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

\u0110\u1ecba h\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ecba m\u1ea1o<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbc<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e2y<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\nC\u1ecf l\u00f4ng ch\u00f4ng<\/b><\/td>\n\n

C\u1ecf ch\u1ecbu kh\u00f4<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

C\u1ecf ch\u1ecbu \u1ea9m<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

C\u1ecf \u00ada \u1ea9m<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

B\u1ee5i ch\u1ecbu \u1ea9m<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

B\u1ee5i ch\u1ecbu kh\u00f4<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Tr\u1ea3ng tru\u00f4ng r\u00fa<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

A<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

b<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

c<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

d<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0111<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

e<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

g<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

h<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

I. \u0110\u1ee5n c\u00e1t di \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\nA. Kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eadp<\/td>\n\n1. C\u00e1t tr\u1eafng v\u00e0ng<\/p>\n

s\u00e1t bi\u1ec3n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

IA1b<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\nA. Kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eadp<\/td>\n\n2. C\u00e1t tr\u1eafng v\u00f9ng<\/p>\n

gi\u1eefa<\/td>\n

\n

IA2a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

II. C\u1ed3n c\u00e1t c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\nA. Kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eadp<\/td>\n\n3. C\u00e1t v\u00e0ng<\/td>\n\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

IIA3c<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

IIA3g<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

IIA3h<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\nA. Kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eadp<\/td>\n\n4. C\u00e1t tr\u1eafng x\u00e1m<\/td>\n\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

IIA4c<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

IIA4g<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

IIA4h<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

III. B\u00e3i c\u00e1t c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\nA. Kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eadp<\/td>\n\n5. C\u00e1t v\u00e0ng<\/td>\n\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

IIIA5c<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

IIIA5g<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\nA. Kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eadp<\/td>\n\n6. C\u00e1t tr\u1eafng x\u00e1m<\/td>\n\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

IIIA6c<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

IIIA6g<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

IIIA6h<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\nB. \u1ea9m \u00ad\u01b0\u1edbt m\u00f9a<\/p>\n

m\u00ad\u01b0a<\/td>\n

\n7. C\u00e1t x\u00e1m tr\u1eafng,<\/p>\n

chua<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

IIIB7d<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\nC. \u1ea9m \u01b0\u00ad\u1edbt quanh<\/p>\n

n\u0103m, chua<\/td>\n

\n8. C\u00e1t tr\u1eafng x\u00e1m,<\/p>\n

chua<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

IIIC8\u0111<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\nIIIC8e<\/td>\n\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\nD. \u1ea9m \u00ad\u01b0\u1edbt quanh<\/p>\n

n\u0103m, \u00edt chua<\/td>\n

\n9. C\u00e1t x\u00e1m tr\u1eafng,<\/p>\n

\u00edt chua<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

IIID9\u0111<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n\u0110. B\u00e1n ng\u1eadp<\/td>\n\n10. C\u00e1t tr\u1eafng x\u00e1m g\u1ea7n trung t\u00ednh<\/td>\n\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

I\u011010\u0111<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\nE. Ng\u1eadp quanh n\u0103m<\/td>\n\n11. C\u00e1t tr\u1eafng x\u00e1m \u00edt chua \u0111\u1ebfn trung t\u00ednh (b\u00e0u, h\u1ed3)<\/td>\n\nIIIe11a<\/td>\n\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

IIIE11\u0111<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\nIIIE11e<\/td>\n\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0\u00adng \u0111\u00f3, h\u01b0\u00ad\u1edbng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m I v\u00e0 II ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu cho tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 c\u00f3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00f2n nh\u00f3m III ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u00e0nh cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

3. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn:<\/b><\/p>\n

V\u00f9ng c\u00e1t ven bi\u1ec3n B\u1eafc Trung b\u1ed9 c\u00f3 3 nh\u00f3m v\u1edbi 21 d\u1ea1ng l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba. Nh\u00f3m I (C\u1ed3n c\u00e1t di \u0111\u1ed9ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2y c\u1ecf) v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m II (C\u1ed3n c\u00e1t c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u1ecf, c\u00e2y b\u1ee5i ch\u1ecbu kh\u00f4) c\u00f3 8 d\u1ea1ng l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba v\u1edbi m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m s\u00e2u, r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Nh\u00f3m III l\u00e0 b\u00e3i c\u00e1t c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh g\u1ed3m 13 d\u1ea1ng l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba v\u1edbi c\u1ecf, c\u00e2y b\u1ee5i ch\u1ecbu \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ebfn \u01b0a \u1ea9m, c\u00f3 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i h\u01a1n, l\u00e0 qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea5t l\u1edbn cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/b><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e0o C\u00f4ng Khanh, \u0110\u1eb7ng V\u0103n Thuy\u1ebft,… (1997). B\u00e1o c\u00e1o nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u1ea3 thi: Kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t v\u00e0 quy ho\u1ea1ch tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng v\u00f9ng c\u00e1t <\/i>Nam<\/i>Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh<\/i>, D\u1ef1 \u00e1n ARCD Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Summary<\/b><\/p>\n

Based on topography, morphology, water regime, soil type and plant indicators, the coastal sandy region of North Central Vietnam is classified into 3 site groups with 21 types. Group I (shifting sand dunes) and group II (fixed sand dunes) have 8 site types without water logging, deep water tables, difficult for production. Group III is fixed sandy area with 13 site types, water regime is more favourable, some site types are without water-logging (IIIA5c, IIIA6c), and some types are water-logged such as IIID9d, IIID,IIIC8d. This is a group of site types more favourable for agricultural production. Thus the use of group I and II is mainly directed to protection forest establishment, group III is mainly for agricultural production combined with environment protection.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u00f9ng c\u00e1t ven bi\u1ec3n, do \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ecba m\u1ea1o thay \u0111\u1ed5i, \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t kh\u00f4, r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng do gi\u00f3 th\u1ed5i v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y k\u00e9o c\u00e1t tr\u00f4i. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh v\u00ec th\u1ebf c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y c\u1ecf t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean r\u1ea5t nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[21],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/476"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=476"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/476\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11546,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/476\/revisions\/11546"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=476"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=476"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=476"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}