<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Lu\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 t\u00ean khoa h\u1ecdc: Dendrocalamus membranaceus Munro <\/i>thu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd ph\u1ee5 tre tr\u00fac Bambusoideac<\/i>. B\u1ed9 ho\u00e0 th\u1ea3o Graminales<\/i>.<\/p>\n
Lu\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 th\u00e2n th\u1eb3ng, tr\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec1u, \u0111\u1ed9 thon nh\u1ecf, nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e0nh, c\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gai n\u00ean ti\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng hom c\u00e0nh. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y t\u1eeb 10 \u201412cm, chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y t\u1eeb 18-20m. Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y Lu\u1ed3ng n\u1eb7ng t\u1eeb 40-50kg, c\u00e1 bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 c\u00e2y n\u1eb7ng tr\u00ean 70 kg. Th\u00e2n Lu\u1ed3ng c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 Cellulose kh\u00e1 cao, 46,5 % \u1edf \u0111o\u1ea1n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 57,7 % \u1edf \u0111o\u1ea1n gi\u1eefa v\u00e0 \u0111o\u1ea1n ng\u1ecdn.<\/p>\n
Lu\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i tre sinh s\u1ea3n theo ki\u1ec3u h\u1ee3p tr\u1ee5c (b\u00fai, kh\u00f3m …). H\u00e0ng n\u0103m Lu\u1ed3ng ra m\u0103ng v\u00e0o m\u00f9a m\u01b0a t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 4 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 10. N\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a r\u1eebng Lu\u1ed3ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u0103ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh tre h\u00e0ng n\u0103m.<\/p>\n
L\u00e1 Lu\u1ed3ng nh\u1ecf th\u01b0\u1eddng xanh quanh n\u0103m, c\u00e2y \u00edt r\u1ee5ng l\u00e1 v\u00e0o m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n th\u1ee9c \u0103n r\u1ea5t qu\u00ed cho gia s\u00fac nh\u01b0 tr\u00e2u, b\u00f2, c\u00e1 ch\u1eafm c\u1ecf trong m\u00f9a hanh kh\u00f4 \u00edt c\u1ecf.<\/p>\n
C\u00e2y Lu\u1ed3ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, \u0111an l\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed3 d\u00f9ng d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng, l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u cho c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y, t\u01a1 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u nh\u01b0, \u0111\u0169a, v\u00e1n trang tr\u00ed n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t, chi\u1ebfu v.v<\/p>\n
Lu\u1ed3ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh. Sau khi tr\u1ed3ng t\u1eeb 4 \u2014 5 n\u0103m l\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u thu ho\u1ea1ch. Th\u1eddi gian thu ho\u1ea1ch k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u1eeb 40 \u201450 n\u0103m li\u1ec1n, chu k\u1ef3 khai th\u00e1c ng\u1eafn (1-2 n\u0103m\/l\u1ea7n). L\u01b0\u1ee3ng khai th\u00e1c m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n t\u1eeb 1.200-1.400 c\u00e2y\/ha, kho\u1ea3ng 30 % tr\u1eef l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1eebng. \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e2y khai th\u00e1c l\u00e0 c\u00e2y t\u1eeb 3 n\u0103m tu\u1ed5i tr\u1edf l\u00ean. l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n nh\u01b0ng cho thu ho\u1ea1ch nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n
I.<\/b>\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng Lu\u1ed3ng.<\/b><\/p>\n
1. \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u1eadu.<\/i><\/p>\n
Lu\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1edf Thanh Ho\u00e1. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1984 c\u00e2y Lu\u1ed3ng Thanh Ho\u00e1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di th\u1ef1c ra v\u00f9ng S\u01a1n D\u01b0\u01a1ng (Tuy\u00ean Quang) ; C\u1ea7u Hai (Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd) Ninh B\u00ecnh, Ho\u00e0 B\u00ecnh, L\u00e0o Cai, Y\u00ean B\u00e1i, H\u00e0 Giang … v\u00e0 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t. Lu\u1ed3ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 m\u01b0a m\u00f9a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi, kh\u00ed h\u1eadu trong n\u0103m c\u00f3 2 m\u00f9a kh\u00f4 v\u00e0 m\u00f9a m\u01b0a r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t. Nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a h\u00e0ng n\u0103m t\u1eeb 1.600-2000mm, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed m\u00f9a kh\u00f4 t\u1eeb 11-240<\/sup>c, m\u00f9a m\u01b0a t\u1eeb 26-280<\/sup>c, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed > 80 % \u0111\u1ec1u th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho Lu\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Lu\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 c\u00e2y \u01b0a s\u00e1ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng c\u1edbm b\u00f3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1n c\u00e2y kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n 2- \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai.<\/i><\/p>\n Lu\u1ed3ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i c\u00f2n t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1eebng, t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f2n d\u00e0y >60 cm, \u0111\u1ea5t x\u1ed1p, \u1ea9m tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ea1c m\u00e0u Lu\u1ed3ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u00e9m. \u0110\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng Lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u1eadp \u00fang, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e8n, kh\u00f4ng m\u1eb7n. \u0110\u1ed9 PH Kcl t\u1eeb 3,5 \u0111\u1ebfn 7,0 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho Lu\u1ed3ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n II. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1o gi\u1ed1ng Lu\u1ed3ng.<\/b><\/p>\n 1. T\u1ea1o gi\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng g\u1ed1c.<\/i><\/p>\n T\u1ea1o gi\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng g\u1ed1c l\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. C\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o gi\u1ed1ng Lu\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng g\u1ed1c nh\u01b0 sau :<\/p>\n a.<\/i>Ch\u1ecdn c\u00e2y l\u00e0m gi\u1ed1ng.<\/i><\/p>\n C\u00e2y Lu\u1ed3ng ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y g\u1ed1c l\u00e0m gi\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n :<\/p>\n – C\u00e2y trong b\u00fai sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ra hoa.<\/p>\n – C\u00e2y b\u00e1nh t\u1ebb c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i d\u01b0\u1edbi 1 n\u0103m, c\u1ee7a v\u1ee5 m\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 l\u00e1.<\/p>\n – C\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n b. Thao t\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1ed1ng:<\/i><\/p>\n – \u0110\u00e1nh \u0111\u00fang ch\u1ed7 ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p gi\u1eefa th\u00e2n ng\u1ea7m v\u00e0 g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y m\u1eb9.<\/p>\n – X\u1ec9a \u0111\u1ee9t h\u1ec7 r\u1ec5 xung quanh c\u00e2y gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e1nh.<\/p>\n – D\u00f9ng dao s\u1eafc ch\u1eb7t b\u1edbt th\u00e2n c\u00e2y l\u00e0m gi\u1ed1ng, ch\u1eeba l\u1ea1i d\u00e0i 2 \u20144m.<\/p>\n – D\u00f9ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda c\u00e2y m\u1eb9.<\/p>\n – G\u1ed1c n\u00e0o c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u r\u1ec5 b\u1eddm th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng dao x\u00e9n b\u1edbt ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i d\u00e0i 1-2cm.<\/p>\n – Khi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m d\u1eadp ch\u1ed3i ng\u1ee7 g\u1ed1c gi\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n 2. T\u1ea1o gi\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e0nh.<\/i><\/p>\n a-T\u1ea1o gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t k\u00edch th\u00edch sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng 22,4 D v\u00e0 2,45 T.<\/p>\n (Xem qui tr\u00ecnh QTN-15-79)<\/p>\n b- T\u1ea1o gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebft c\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u1ec5 l\u00e0m, d\u1ec5 v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n giao k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c l\u1edbp t\u1eadp hu\u1ea5n v\u1ec1 ” K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1ea1o gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y tre Lu\u1ed3ng thanh ho\u00e1<\/i>” cho nhi\u1ec1u trung t\u00e2m khuy\u1ebfn n\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n * T\u00f3m t\u1eaft c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m.<\/p>\n Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean c\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t r\u1eebng Lu\u1ed3ng gi\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c c\u00e0nh l\u00e0m gi\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n R\u1eebng Lu\u1ed3ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o y\u00eau c\u1ea7u :<\/p>\n – M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 : 200 \u2014 250 kh\u00f3m\/ha (5 x 10 ho\u1eb7c 4 x10)<\/p>\n – H\u00e0ng c\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng 10 m, c\u00e2y c\u00e1ch c\u00e2y 4 ho\u1eb7c 5 m<\/p>\n – R\u1eebng ph\u1ea3i sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n – Ph\u1ea3i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 khai th\u00e1c m\u1ea1nh (ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e2y 1 tu\u1ed5i).<\/p>\n – Ph\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ch\u0103m s\u00f3c : lu\u1ed7ng ph\u00e1t d\u00e2y leo, c\u00e2y b\u1ee5i, th\u1ea3m t\u01b0\u01a1i, c\u1ecf d\u1ea1i, x\u1edbi x\u00e1o quanh g\u1ed1c, b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n.<\/p>\n – Ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c c\u00e2y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e0nh, c\u00e0nh c\u00f3 t\u1eeb g\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n – Tu\u1ed5i r\u1eebng l\u00e0m gi\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb n\u0103m th\u1ee9 ba tr\u1edf l\u00ean.<\/p>\n – C\u00e2y ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0m gi\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n:<\/p>\n +Tu\u1ed5i c\u00e2y m\u1eb9 d\u01b0\u1edbi 1 n\u0103m tu\u1ed5i (c\u00e2y c\u1ee7a l\u1ee9a m\u0103ng n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc)<\/p>\n + L\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ed1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u00e0nh tr\u00ean c\u00e2y m\u1eb9 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn (tr\u1eeb nh\u1eefng c\u00e0nh<\/p>\n ch\u01b0a to\u1ea3 l\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m).<\/p>\n + Kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng khuy.<\/p>\n + C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y c\u00e0nh l\u00e0m gi\u1ed1ng \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u00e2y tr\u00ean 1 n\u0103m tu\u1ed5i nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ebb ho\u00e1 c\u00e0nh gi\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1eb7t b\u1ecf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u00e0nh v\u00e0o m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n, khi ch\u1eb7t ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eeba l\u1ea1i m\u1ea5u c\u00e0nh. C\u00e1c ch\u1ed3i ng\u1ee7 \u1edf m\u1ea5u c\u00e0nh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh c\u00e0nh m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee7 l\u00e1 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chi\u1ebft c\u00e0nh l\u00e0m gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7c chi\u1ebft c\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n, d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i chu\u1ea3n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, v\u1eadt t\u01b0 nh\u01b0 : C\u01b0a \u0111\u01a1n, dao tay s\u1eafc, x\u00f4 x\u00e1ch b\u00f9n, b\u1ea7u nilon c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00e0i 60-65 cm r\u1ed9ng 12cm, b\u00f9n ..<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Lu\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 t\u00ean khoa h\u1ecdc: Dendrocalamus membranaceus Munro thu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd ph\u1ee5 tre tr\u00fac Bambusoideac. B\u1ed9 ho\u00e0 th\u1ea3o Graminales. <\/p>\n Lu\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 th\u00e2n th\u1eb3ng, tr\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec1u, \u0111\u1ed9 thon nh\u1ecf, nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e0nh, c\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gai n\u00ean ti\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng hom c\u00e0nh. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y t\u1eeb 10 \u201412cm, chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y t\u1eeb 18-20m. Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y Lu\u1ed3ng n\u1eb7ng t\u1eeb 40-50kg, c\u00e1 bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 c\u00e2y n\u1eb7ng tr\u00ean 70 kg. Th\u00e2n Lu\u1ed3ng c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 Cellulose kh\u00e1 cao, 46,5 % \u1edf \u0111o\u1ea1n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 57,7 % \u1edf \u0111o\u1ea1n gi\u1eefa v\u00e0 \u0111o\u1ea1n ng\u1ecdn. <\/p>\n Lu\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i tre sinh s\u1ea3n theo ki\u1ec3u h\u1ee3p tr\u1ee5c (b\u00fai, kh\u00f3m …). H\u00e0ng n\u0103m Lu\u1ed3ng ra m\u0103ng v\u00e0o m\u00f9a m\u01b0a t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 4 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 10. N\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a r\u1eebng Lu\u1ed3ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u0103ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh tre h\u00e0ng n\u0103m.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[15,18],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/298"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=298"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/298\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19366,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/298\/revisions\/19366"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=298"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=298"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=298"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}