TS. Ph\u1ea1m Quang Thu<\/p>\n
L\u00ea Kh\u00e1nh V\u00e2n<\/p>\n
1. M\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u<\/b><\/p>\n
Ph\u1ed1t pho l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh trao \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t, t\u00edch lu\u1ef9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, protein v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t b\u00e9o c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a ph\u1ed1t pho, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u1edbi. Trong \u0111\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng r\u00f5 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 v\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 c\u00e2y non, l\u00fac b\u1ed9 r\u1ec5 c\u00f2n y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 c\u00e2y c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 nucleoprotein.<\/p>\n
Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta \u0111ang c\u00f3 b\u01b0\u1edbc chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn l\u1edbn v\u1edbi Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ed1c gia tr\u1ed3ng m\u1edbi 5 tri\u1ec7u ha r\u1eebng, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1ed3i n\u00fai tr\u1ecdc x\u00f3i m\u00f2n m\u1ea1nh. Nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y ngh\u00e8o ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e2n d\u1ec5 ti\u00eau trong \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p. \u0110\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e2y con ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng, trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gieo \u01b0\u01a1m \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed9n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u t\u1ea1o h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p ru\u1ed9t b\u1ea7u, d\u1eabn t\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u1edbn v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u khi mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng cao. Vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n vi sinh thay th\u1ebf ph\u00e2n ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc l\u00e0m h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p ru\u1ed9t b\u1ea7u trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e2y con \u1edf v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m v\u00e0 b\u00f3n cho c\u00e2y trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng, gi\u00fap cho c\u00e2y con t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngu\u1ed3n ph\u1ed1t pho c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n trong \u0111\u1ea5t, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng cho nhu c\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n
Tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng vi sinh v\u1eadt c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u1ebfn ho\u00e1 ph\u1ed1t pho kh\u00f3 tan. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n vi sinh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh. Vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp vi sinh v\u1eadt c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i ph\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ea7u m\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t, n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e2y con \u1edf v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t m\u1edbi m\u1ebb.<\/p>\n
Trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i KHCN 02 06 Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c vi sinh v\u1eadt c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i ph\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n vi sinh ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng.<\/p>\n
2. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/b><\/p>\n
2.1 M\u1eabu \u0111\u1ea5t:<\/i><\/p>\n
C\u00e1c vi sinh v\u1eadt ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i l\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp t\u1eeb c\u00e1c m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ea5t thu th\u1eadp t\u1eeb r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t canh t\u00e1c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n
– M\u1eabu \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi r\u1eebng th\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a Pinus merkusii<\/i> \u1edf \u0110\u1ea1i L\u1ea3i, V\u0129nh Ph\u00fac<\/p>\n
– M\u1eabu \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi r\u1eebng r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng keo tai t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Acacia mangium<\/i> \u1edf \u0110\u1ea1i L\u1ea3i, V\u0129nh Ph\u00fac<\/p>\n
– M\u1eabu \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n Eucalyptus camaldulesis<\/i> \u1edf \u0110\u1ea1i L\u1ea3i, V\u0129nh Ph\u00fac<\/p>\n
– M\u1eabu \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi r\u1eebng keo l\u00e1 tr\u00e0m Acacia auriculifomis<\/i> \u1edf \u0110\u1ea1i L\u1ea3i, V\u0129nh Ph\u00fac<\/p>\n
– M\u1eabu \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y \u1edf n\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1eafn T\u1ee7a Ch\u00f9a, Lai Ch\u00e2u<\/p>\n
– M\u1eabu \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y \u1edf n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1eaby \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf hoang \u1edf T\u1ee7a Ch\u00f9a, Lai Ch\u00e2u.<\/p>\n
– M\u1eabu \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf T\u1eeda Ch\u00f9a, Lai Ch\u00e2u.<\/p>\n
– M\u1eabu \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5t canh t\u00e1c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf Tuy\u00ean Quang<\/p>\n
– Ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m vi sinh v\u1eadt ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i l\u00e2n do vi\u1ec7n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Sinh h\u1ecdc cung c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n
2.2. Ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp v\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn:<\/i><\/p>\n
\u00b7 Ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp : 10g \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c pha lo\u00e3ng v\u1edbi H2<\/sub>0 v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p t\u1eeb 10-3<\/sup> (\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1eebng) v\u00e0 10-5<\/sup> ( \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t ru\u1ed9ng). D\u00f9ng pipet 1ml v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng l\u1ea5y d\u1ecbch m\u1eabu nh\u1ecf 0,05ml cho v\u00e0o \u0111\u0129a th\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng 5% ph\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t can xi, trang \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t th\u1ea1ch, nu\u00f4i trong t\u1ee7 \u1ea5m \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 300<\/sup>C trong 3 – 5 ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n \u00b7 Tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn vi sinh v\u1eadt c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i l\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1eed hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c \u0111o v\u00f2ng ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i: c\u1ea5y g\u1ea1ch m\u1ed9t n\u00e9t nh\u1ecf l\u00ean ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a 5% ph\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t canxi, sau 3 – 7 ng\u00e0y \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh c\u1ee7a v\u00f2ng trong bao xung quanh khu\u1ea9n l\u1ea1c.<\/p>\n 2.3. S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m:<\/i><\/p>\n – Sau khi tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i cao, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nh\u00e2n sinh kh\u1ed1i tr\u00ean m\u00e1y l\u1eafc trong 72 gi\u1edd .<\/p>\n – Khi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1t 108<\/sup> – 1010 <\/sup>trong 1 ml dung d\u1ecbch nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y, \u0111\u01b0a dung d\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e3 nu\u00f4i c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng c\u1ea5y v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng than b\u00f9n v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng v\u1edbi li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 1ml dung d\u1ecbch trong 10 gam \u0111\u1ea5t than b\u00f9n.<\/p>\n 3. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn<\/b><\/p>\n 3.1 K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp c\u00e1c vi sinh v\u1eadt c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i ph\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t kh\u00f3 tan<\/i><\/p>\n T\u1eeb c\u00e1c m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u00ean, \u0111\u00e3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7ng vi sinh v\u1eadt c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i ph\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t kh\u00f3 tan. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u1edf b\u1ea3ng 1.<\/p>\n Qua bi\u1ec3u 1 cho th\u1ea5y m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 vi sinh v\u1eadt ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i ph\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t kh\u00f3 tan tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1eebng l\u00e0 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t canh t\u00e1c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Ba ch\u1ee7ng vi sinh v\u1eadt ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1eebng v\u00e0 3 ch\u1ee7ng vi sinh v\u1eadt ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5t canh t\u00e1c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i ph\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t kh\u00f3 tan \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn.<\/p>\n Ghi ch\u00fa:<\/b> 0 Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 vi sinh v\u1eadt ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i ph\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t<\/p>\n – Ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i ph\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t r\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu<\/p>\n + Ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i ph\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t y\u1ebfu<\/p>\n ++ Ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i ph\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t trung b\u00ecnh<\/p>\n +++ Ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i ph\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t t\u1ed1t<\/p>\n 3.2. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i ph\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t kh\u00f3 tan c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng vi sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn:<\/i><\/p>\n T\u1eeb 6 ch\u1ee7ng vi sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn, so s\u00e1nh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o v\u00f2ng ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i ph\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t canxi v\u1edbi 3 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Sinh h\u1ecdc. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u1edf bi\u1ec3u 2.<\/p>\n Qua bi\u1ec3u 2 cho th\u1ea5y: K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f2ng ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh v\u00f2ng ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng c\u00f3 k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0: T3-2-1<\/sub>, T1-1<\/sub>,T1-1<\/sub> t\u1eeb 3 – 5 mm. Ch\u1ee7ng n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c L4-1<\/sub> ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ea1i L\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i ph\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t cao c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 20 – 66 mm t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7ng MN c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 28 – 67 mm. Hai ch\u1ee7ng vi khu\u1ea9n \u01101-4-1 <\/sub>v\u00e0 \u01101-5<\/sub> ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh v\u00f2ng ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i trung b\u00ecnh t\u1eeb 5 – 8 mm.<\/p>\n Th\u1eddi gian h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00f2ng ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i nh\u00ecn chung kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn t\u1eeb 3 – 6 ng\u00e0y. Ri\u00eang 2 ch\u1ee7ng \u0110TL2<\/sub> v\u00e0 RTL2<\/sub> c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian s\u1edbm h\u01a1n t\u1eeb 2 – 4 ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n Bi\u1ec3u 2: Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o v\u00f2ng ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng vi sinh v\u1eadt v\u00e0 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c<\/b><\/p>\n (mm)<\/td>\n 3.3. S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m vi sinh v\u1eadt ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i ph\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t kh\u00f3 tan t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn<\/p>\n C\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o v\u00f2ng ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u1edf tr\u00ean , l\u1ea5y ra 1 ch\u1ee7ng vi khu\u1ea9n ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u \u01101-4-1<\/sub> , 1 ch\u1ee7ng n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u L4-1<\/sub> \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m. \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nh\u00e2n nu\u00f4i tr\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ecbch th\u1ec3 tr\u00ean m\u00e1y l\u1eafc trong th\u1eddi gian 72 gi\u1edd v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng vi sinh v\u1eadt tr\u00ean gi\u00e1 th\u1ec3 r\u1eafn l\u00e0 than b\u00f9n sau m\u1ed7i tu\u1ea7n nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y. Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7ng MN. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u1edf bi\u1ec3u 3 v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u 4:<\/p>\n Bi\u1ec3u 3: S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trung b\u00ecnh vi khu\u1ea7n v\u00e0 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i l\u00e2n sau 72 gi\u1edd nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y tr\u00ean m\u00e1y l\u1eafc<\/b><\/p>\n Qua k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u1edf bi\u1ec3u tr\u00ean cho th\u1ea5y: M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o do c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c MN v\u00e0 L4-1<\/sub>s\u1ea3n sinh ra sau 72 h nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y cao h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7ng vi khu\u1ea9n \u01101-4-1<\/sub> . Ch\u1ee7ng L4-1<\/sub> c\u00f3 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o cao nh\u1ea5t 85,3.1010<\/sup>.<\/p>\n K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y tr\u00ean than b\u00f9n v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u1edf bi\u1ec3u 4.<\/p>\n than b\u00f9n v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng<\/b><\/p>\n Nh\u00ecnchung cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n than \u0111\u00e3 v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a tu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m so v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Trong tu\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 2 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t 1010<\/sup>\/ml v\u00e0 sau 3 tu\u1ea7n trung b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea1t 1011<\/sup>\/ml. Ri\u00eang ch\u1ee7ng MN c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. Sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 vi khu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 t\u0103ng, cho th\u1ea5y kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 3 ch\u1ee7ng tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n than b\u00f9n v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n 4. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/b><\/p>\n \u00b7 \u0110\u00e3 tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 2 ch\u1ee7ng vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 1 ch\u1ee7ng n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i ph\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t kh\u00f3 tan, sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n pH \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n \u00b7 C\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i ph\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t kh\u00f3 tan t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u1ed1t, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t MN, RTL2, \u0110TL2 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Sinh h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n \u00b7 C\u1ea3 3 ch\u1ee7ng \u0111\u1ec1u th\u00edch nghi v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eeb 30 – 320<\/sup>C, sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb 2 – 4 ng\u00e0y<\/p>\n \u00b7 C\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng \u01101-4-1<\/sub>, L4-1<\/sub> ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t tr\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ecbch th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 th\u1ec3 r\u1eafn l\u00e0 than b\u00f9n v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng khu\u1ea9n l\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1eeb 108<\/sup> – 1010<\/sup>, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n vi sinh cho \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e2y L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n Preliminary selection of the micro organisms for disintegration of insoluble phosphate in production of microbial fertilizer serving forestry<\/b><\/p>\n Summary<\/b><\/p>\n The authors have studied and selected two bacterial strains and one mould strain capable of disintegrating insoluble phosphate. These strains grow and develop well in soil of low pH.<\/p>\n The three strains all adapt and develop well at temperature 30 – 32oC<\/sup> in 2 – 4 days.<\/p>\n The strains D1-4-1<\/sub>, L4-1<\/sub> develop well in fluid and solid media (peat) at 108<\/sup>-1010<\/sup>cells\/ml or g, highly promising in microbial fertilizer production serving forest tree species.******************************************<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Ph\u1ed1t pho l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh trao \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t, t\u00edch lu\u1ef9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, protein v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t b\u00e9o c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a ph\u1ed1t pho, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u1edbi. Trong \u0111\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng r\u00f5 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 v\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 c\u00e2y non, l\u00fac b\u1ed9 r\u1ec5 c\u00f2n y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 c\u00e2y c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 nucleoprotein.<\/h1>\n
Bi\u1ec3u 1: Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp<\/i><\/h1>\n
\n\n
\n TT<\/b><\/td>\n K\u00fd hi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn<\/b><\/td>\n Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3I ph\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t<\/b><\/td>\n \u0110\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu<\/b><\/td>\n Ngu\u1ed3n ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 1<\/td>\n \u01101-4-1<\/sub><\/td>\n ++<\/td>\n \u0110\u1ea1i L\u1ea3i<\/td>\n \u0110\u1ea5t r\u1eebng th\u00f4ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 2<\/td>\n \u01101-5<\/sub><\/td>\n ++<\/td>\n \u0110\u1ea1i L\u1ea3i<\/td>\n \u0110\u1ea5t r\u1eebng th\u00f4ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 3<\/td>\n \u01101-3<\/sub><\/td>\n +<\/td>\n \u0110\u1ea1i L\u1ea3i<\/td>\n \u0110\u1ea5t r\u1eebng th\u00f4ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 4<\/td>\n \u01101-4-3<\/sub><\/td>\n –<\/td>\n \u0110\u1ea1i L\u1ea3i<\/td>\n \u0110\u1ea5t r\u1eebng th\u00f4ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 5<\/td>\n \u01101-4-6<\/sub><\/td>\n –<\/td>\n \u0110\u1ea1i L\u1ea3i<\/td>\n \u0110\u1ea5t r\u1eebng th\u00f4ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 6<\/td>\n L1<\/sub><\/td>\n 0<\/td>\n \u0110\u1ea1i L\u1ea3i<\/td>\n \u0110\u1ea5t v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 7<\/td>\n L2<\/sub><\/td>\n 0<\/td>\n \u0110\u1ea1i L\u1ea3i<\/td>\n \u0110\u1ea5t r\u1eebng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 8<\/td>\n L3<\/sub><\/td>\n –<\/td>\n \u0110\u1ea1i L\u1ea3i<\/td>\n \u0110\u1ea5t r\u1eebng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 9<\/td>\n \n L4-1<\/sub><\/i><\/h1>\n<\/td>\n
+++<\/td>\n \u0110\u1ea1i L\u1ea3i<\/td>\n \u0110\u1ea5t r\u1eebng keo tai t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 10<\/td>\n \n L5<\/sub><\/i><\/h1>\n<\/td>\n
0<\/td>\n \u0110\u1ea1i L\u1ea3i<\/td>\n \u0110\u1ea5t r\u1eebng keo l\u00e1 tr\u00e0m<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 11<\/td>\n \n L6<\/sub><\/i><\/h1>\n<\/td>\n
0<\/td>\n \u0110\u1ea1i L\u1ea3i<\/td>\n \u0110\u1ea5t r\u1eebng th\u00f4ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 12<\/td>\n \u0110B1<\/sub><\/td>\n 0<\/td>\n Lai Ch\u00e2u<\/td>\n N\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u00f4, ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed3i<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 13<\/td>\n \u0110B2<\/sub><\/td>\n 0<\/td>\n Lai Ch\u00e2u<\/td>\n N\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1eafn, ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed3i<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 14<\/td>\n \u0110B3<\/sub><\/td>\n 0<\/td>\n Lai Ch\u00e2u<\/td>\n N\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1eafn, \u0111\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed3i<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 15<\/td>\n T3-2-1<\/sub><\/td>\n +<\/td>\n Tuy\u00ean Quang<\/td>\n \u0110\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng l\u00faa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 16<\/td>\n T1-1<\/sub><\/td>\n +<\/td>\n Tuy\u00ean Quang<\/td>\n \u0110\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng l\u00faa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 17<\/td>\n T2-1<\/sub><\/td>\n +<\/td>\n Tuy\u00ean Quang<\/td>\n \u0110\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng l\u00faa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 18<\/td>\n MN<\/td>\n +++<\/td>\n Ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m<\/td>\n Vi\u1ec7n CN Sinh h\u1ecdc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 19<\/td>\n \u0110TR2<\/sub><\/td>\n +++<\/td>\n Ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m<\/td>\n Vi\u1ec7n CN Sinh h\u1ecdc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 20<\/td>\n RTL2<\/sub><\/td>\n +++<\/td>\n Ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m<\/td>\n Vi\u1ec7n CN Sinh h\u1ecdc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n \n\n
\n K\u00fd hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ee7ng<\/b><\/td>\n \u01101-4-1<\/sub><\/b><\/td>\n \u01101-5<\/sub><\/b><\/td>\n L4-1<\/sub><\/b><\/td>\n T3-2-1<\/sub><\/b><\/td>\n T1-1<\/sub><\/b><\/td>\n T2-1<\/sub><\/b><\/td>\n MN<\/b><\/td>\n \u0110TR2<\/sub><\/b><\/td>\n RTL2<\/sub><\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f2ng ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i<\/p>\n 6 – 8<\/td>\n 5 – 7<\/td>\n 20 – 66<\/td>\n 3 – 5<\/td>\n 3 – 4<\/td>\n 4 – 5<\/td>\n 28-67<\/td>\n 10-13<\/td>\n 9 – 12<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Th\u1eddi gian h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00f2ng ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i (ng\u00e0y)<\/td>\n 3 – 5<\/td>\n 3 – 6<\/td>\n 2 – 6<\/td>\n 3 – 6<\/td>\n 3 – 6<\/td>\n 3 – 6<\/td>\n 3 – 6<\/td>\n 2 – 4<\/td>\n 2 – 4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n \n\n
\n Ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau<\/b><\/td>\n K\u00fd hi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng vi sinh v\u1eadt<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \u01101-4-1<\/sub><\/td>\n MN<\/td>\n L4-1<\/sub><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c\/ml<\/td>\n 85,5.108<\/sup><\/td>\n 24,0.109<\/sup><\/td>\n 85,3.1010<\/sup><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n Bi\u1ec3u 4: S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c trung b\u00ecnh nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n<\/i><\/h1>\n
\n\n
\n \n S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi khu\u1ea9n\/ml<\/i><\/h1>\n
<\/h3>\n<\/td>\n
K\u00fd hi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng vi khu\u1ea9n<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \u01101-4-1<\/sub><\/td>\n MN<\/td>\n L4-1<\/sub><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \n Tu\u1ea7n1<\/h4>\n<\/td>\n
25,2.108<\/sup><\/td>\n 20,0.106<\/sup><\/td>\n 20,0.107<\/sup><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \n Tu\u1ea7n 2<\/h1>\n<\/td>\n
29,6.1010<\/sup><\/td>\n 53,3.107<\/sup><\/td>\n 14,0.1010<\/sup><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \n Tu\u1ea7n 3<\/h4>\n<\/td>\n
38,0.1010<\/sup><\/td>\n 82,6.1010<\/sup><\/td>\n 20,6.1011<\/sup><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\nNhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta \u0111ang c\u00f3 b\u01b0\u1edbc chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn l\u1edbn v\u1edbi Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ed1c gia tr\u1ed3ng m\u1edbi 5 tri\u1ec7u ha r\u1eebng, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1ed3i n\u00fai tr\u1ecdc x\u00f3i m\u00f2n m\u1ea1nh. Nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y ngh\u00e8o ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e2n d\u1ec5 ti\u00eau trong \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[18],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/277"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=277"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/277\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19387,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/277\/revisions\/19387"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=277"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=277"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=277"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}