GS.TSKH. \u0110\u1ed7 \u0110\u00ecnh S\u00e2m<\/b><\/p>\n
Vi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edfng Vi\u1ec7n KHLNVN<\/p>\n
D\u1ef1 \u00e1n tr\u1ed3ng m\u1edbi 5 tri\u1ec7u ha r\u1eebng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 1998 . N\u0103m 1999 l\u00e0 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 \u00e1n tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh 327 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng t\u1ed1t cho c\u00e1c n\u0103m ti\u1ebfp theo. \u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0 t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1eb7t ra trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o, b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh kh\u00e1c nhau. Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y n\u1ed9i dung ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh th\u00eam vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 \u00e1n tr\u1ed3ng m\u1edbi 5 tri\u1ec7u ha r\u1eebng.<\/p>\n
1. Qui ho\u1ea1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai:<\/b><\/p>\n
Hi\u1ec7n nay Vi\u1ec7n \u0110i\u1ec1u tra quy ho\u1ea1ch r\u1eebng \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh r\u00e0 so\u00e1t l\u1ea1i qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea5t cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai d\u00e0nh cho m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p. Ngo\u00e0i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i n\u1eafm v\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai, \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00ec \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0m c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ea7n t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng. Nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 s\u1edf khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ea5p Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1985-1990 \u1edf Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p , Vi\u1ec7n Quy ho\u1ea1ch thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t, c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng, so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd GIS v\u00e0 ph\u00fac tra ngo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba. Nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tham kh\u1ea3o, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n.<\/p>\n
Li\u00ean quan vi\u1ec7c quy ho\u1ea1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c l\u1eadp \u0111i\u1ea1 l\u00e0m c\u01a1 s\u1edf x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n chia l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u00ean gia \u0110\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m \u1edf Qu\u1ea3ng Ninh c\u00f9ng s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n \u0110i\u1ec1u tra qui ho\u1ea1ch r\u1eebng l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, nh\u1eefng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n \u1edf Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7n \u0110i\u1ec1u tra quy ho\u1ea1ch r\u1eebng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t d\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n. T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1996 t\u1edbi nay Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 tham gia x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p) cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng c\u1ee7a GTZ (C\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0 li\u00ean bang \u0110\u1ee9c) v\u00e0 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Ch\u00e2u \u00e1 -ADP v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u1ed1t. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t ng\u1eadp m\u1eb7n s\u00fa v\u1eb9t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t chua ph\u00e8n c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t \u0111ang b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i d\u1ef1 \u00e1n h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt Vi\u1ec7t Nam-Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i r\u1eebng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t chua ph\u00e8n \u1edf Th\u1ea1nh Ho\u00e1 (Long An) v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia \u1edf t\u1ec9nh C\u00e0 Mau . Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1, ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t ven bi\u1ec3n theo m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n.<\/p>\n
M\u1ed9tv\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong quy ho\u1ea1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ranh gi\u1edbi gi\u1eefa 3 lo\u1ea1i r\u1eebng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 r\u1eebng ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea7u ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 r\u1eebng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 x\u00f3i m\u00f2n , r\u1eeda tr\u00f4i \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u r\u1eebng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng kh\u00e1c nhau l\u00e0m c\u01a1 s\u1edf b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng qui ph\u1ea1m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eebng ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea7u ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990-1995 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ea5p Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf khoa h\u1ecdc x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng r\u1eebng ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea7u ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u1ea3 quan v\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n. M\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea7u ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n \u0110i\u1ec1u tra qui ho\u1ea1ch r\u1eebng \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n chia \u0111\u1ea7u ngu\u1ed3n \u1edf h\u1ea1 l\u01b0u s\u00f4ng M\u00ea K\u00f4ng, c\u00f3 3 n\u01b0\u1edbc tham gia: Vi\u1ec7t Nam, L\u00e0o v\u00e0 Th\u00e1i Lan. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y trong n\u0103m 1997-1998 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh 327 v\u1ec1 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n chia r\u1eebng \u0111\u1ea7u ngu\u1ed3n trong to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7n \u0110i\u1ec1u tra qui ho\u1ea1ch r\u1eebng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00eau tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 quan tr\u1ecdng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n chia r\u1eebng \u0111\u1ea7u ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai th\u00e1c tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong qui ho\u1ea1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf qui m\u00f4 t\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 huy\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n
2. L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n v\u00e0 c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p:<\/b><\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi quan t\u00e2m nh\u1ea5t. Do ngu\u1ed3n th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf n\u00ean v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 ch\u01b0a hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y cho t\u1edbi nay ch\u01b0a x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Trong th\u00e1ng 10 v\u1eeba qua Ph\u00f3 th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Nguy\u1ec5n C\u00f4ng T\u1ea1n , Tr\u01b0\u1edfng Ban ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i tr\u00ean b\u00e1o Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u1edbi nhan \u0111\u1ec1 “B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u1ed1n r\u1eebng v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u c\u00e2y l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n tr\u1ed3ng m\u1edbi 5 tri\u1ec7u ha r\u1eebng \u1edf n\u01b0\u00f3c ta”, \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n v\u00e0 c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh th\u00eam m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n
-Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 nh\u1eadp n\u1ed9i, ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y nh\u1eadp n\u1ed9i. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y nh\u1eadp n\u1ed9i v\u00e0o Vi\u1ec7t Nam sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba nh\u01b0 phi lao, th\u00f4ng m\u00e3 v\u0129, x\u00e0 c\u1eeb, t\u1ebfch. Trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai b\u1ecb tho\u00e1i ho\u00e1 m\u1ea1nh sau khi m\u1ea5t r\u1eebng th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y nh\u1eadp n\u1ed9i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i keo v\u00e0 b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n, lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a.<\/p>\n
-Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi r\u1eebng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi, t\u1ed5 th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh qui lu\u1eadt t\u1ef1 b\u00f3n cho \u0111\u1ea5t, c\u00f2n r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111a s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y m\u1ecdc nhanh l\u1ea1i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 tho\u00e1i ho\u00e1 th\u00ec c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 th\u00edch \u0111\u00e1ng, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00ec \u0111\u1ea5t. C\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nhanh ch\u00f3ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00ec \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n
-N\u00f3i t\u1edbi c\u00e2y l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p d\u00f9 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 hay r\u1eebng kinh t\u1ebf l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y l\u00e2u n\u0103m, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi chu k\u1ef3 kinh doanh d\u00e0i, nhanh nh\u1ea5t c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i 6-10 n\u0103m, c\u00f2n trung b\u00ecnh 20-30 n\u0103m ho\u1eb7c l\u00e2u h\u01a1n. V\u1edbi vai tr\u00f2 to l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a r\u1eebng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i cho l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 v\u00ec n\u00f3 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch kinh t\u1ebf kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi sau n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u00fa \u00fd t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kinh t\u1ebf l\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng mang l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u00e0ng s\u1edbm c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n tham gia tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng. V\u00ec v\u1eady nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y \u0111a t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng, c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n r\u1eebng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u \u00fd trong ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng nh\u01b0 Ph\u00f3 th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Nguy\u1ec5n C\u00f4ng T\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00e2y n\u00f4ng -l\u00e2m k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p hay l\u00e2m-n\u00f4ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n
-Khi \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp t\u1edbi t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea3i x\u00e9t t\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u00ean quy\u1ebft l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt g\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n
V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u00ean ta c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i keo, b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n trong t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n c\u00e2y l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. N\u00f3i t\u1edbi b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n v\u00e0 keo kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 2 lo\u00e0i m\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1edbi h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m, h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n lo\u00e0i v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau. Ph\u00f3 th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Nguy\u1ec5n C\u00f4ng T\u1ea1n c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft “B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi b\u1ea1ch d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh 3 c\u00e2y l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p m\u1ecdc nhanh ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n
V\u1edbi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam, c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u01a1 quan nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 Trung t\u00e2m l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Ph\u00f9 Ninh ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n
-Nh\u00f3m lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y g\u1ed7 l\u1edbn ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng kinh t\u1ebf, ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea7u ngu\u1ed3n ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p kinh t\u1ebf v\u1edbi ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9. \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i: lim, t\u00e1u, g\u1ed9i, gi\u1ed5i, l\u00e1t hoa, m\u1ee1, b\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1, tr\u00e1m, s\u1ea5u, hu\u1ef7nh; \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y h\u1ecd d\u1ea7u nh\u01b0: sao \u0111en, d\u1ea7u r\u00e1i, v\u00ean v\u00ean, t\u1ebfch.<\/p>\n
-Nh\u00f3m lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y m\u1ecdc nhanh ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u gi\u1ea5y, v\u00e1n d\u0103m, \u0111\u1ed3 gia d\u1ee5ng … nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n tr\u1eafng E.camaldulensis v\u00e0 E.tereticornis, b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n Urophylla, b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n li\u1ec5u (E. exerta). K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u1edf Trung t\u00e2m l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Ph\u00f9 Ninh v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ty gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u00f2ng Urophylla c\u00f3 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng qu\u1ed1c gia. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh s\u1ebd c\u00f3 tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t .<\/p>\n
B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n v\u00f9ng cao \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m t\u1eeb l\u00e2u v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c trong th\u1eddi gian qua \u1edf Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u1ea3 quan v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u1edf v\u00f9ng cao nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n saligna, b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n microcornis, b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n tr\u1eafng (E. grandis) ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n chanh.<\/p>\n
-Nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i keo c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y m\u1ecdc nhanh, \u0111a t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00ec l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea1m. C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i keo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh g\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 keo l\u00e1 to (A. mangium), keo l\u00e1 tr\u00e0m (A. auriculiformis) v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i keo lai t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean A. mangium x A. auriculiformis cho n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t g\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i do Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn.<\/p>\n
\u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1n, v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t ven bi\u1ec3n ngo\u00e0i phi lao, c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh 3 lo\u00e0i keo ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t: A. difficilis, A. tumida, A. torulosa. Ngo\u00e0i ra lo\u00e0i keo l\u01b0\u1ee1i li\u1ec1m (A. crassicarpa) c\u0169ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p tr\u00ean v\u00f9ng c\u00e1t kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1n, v\u00f9ng c\u00e1t n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n
-Nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i th\u00f4ng cho g\u1ed7 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1ef1a c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf cao. C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eeb l\u00e2u l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a, th\u00f4ng m\u00e3 v\u0129, th\u00f4ng 3 l\u00e1. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam, C\u00f4ng ty gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p, Trung t\u00e2m l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Ph\u00f9 Ninh \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00f4ng caribae cho g\u1ed7 l\u1edbn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed3i n\u00fai tr\u1ecdc \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Trung, T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc.<\/p>\n
-Nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y tre tr\u00fac: Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc trong khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m g\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i tre tr\u00fac. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i d\u1ec5 tr\u1ed3ng, \u0111a t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong d\u00e2n v\u00e0 trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9. \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta, c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i lu\u1ed3ng Thanh Ho\u00e1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u di th\u1ef1c r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i ra mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng hom d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 c\u1eadp r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i . Sau lu\u1ed3ng Thanh Ho\u00e1 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i tre di\u1ec5n, tr\u00fac c\u1ea7n c\u00e2u, tre l\u1ed3 \u00f4 \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd g\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tre nh\u1eadp n\u1ed9i c\u00f3 tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p m\u0103ng nh\u01b0 tre Dendrocalamus asper, l\u1ee5c tr\u00fac (Bambusa oldhanie Munro). K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 g\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng hom tre Dendrocalamus asper v\u1eeba qua do Ph\u00e2n vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Nam B\u1ed9 m\u1edf ra tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n g\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y n\u00e0y \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam.<\/p>\n
-Nh\u00f3m lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n: \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 qu\u1ebf, h\u1ed3i, s\u1edf, c\u00e2y ch\u1ee7 c\u00e1nh ki\u1ebfn, \u0111i\u1ec1u … c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1eeb l\u00e2u v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh qui tr\u00ecnh, qui ph\u1ea1m g\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o tr\u1ea7m tr\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u00e2y d\u00f3 tr\u1ea7m, g\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ea1t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u1ea3 quan.<\/p>\n
-Nh\u00f3m lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t ven bi\u1ec3n: tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 phi lao; g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m nhi\u1ec1u xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 m\u1edbi, sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n . K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng hom \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed5 c\u1eadp. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i keo l\u00e1 to, keo ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n
-Nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y ng\u1eadp m\u1eb7n: \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 qui tr\u00ecnh g\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng nh\u01b0 m\u1eafm, s\u00fa, v\u1eb9t, b\u1ea7n, tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t chua ph\u00e8n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 tr\u00e0m, b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n, so \u0111\u0169a…<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m trong m\u1ea5y n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 tr\u00e0m \u00fac sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t chua ph\u00e8n m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n
Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai d\u1ef1 \u00e1n tr\u1ed3ng m\u1edbi 5 tri\u1ec7u ha r\u1eebng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 quy tr\u00ecnh, quy ph\u1ea1m h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn g\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n
3. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng, khoanh nu\u00f4i v\u00e0 c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p:<\/b><\/p>\n
C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh g\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n. C\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t r\u1eebng ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 \u0111ang h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ed7n giao, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ea7ng v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c n\u00f4ng l\u00e2m k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng thu\u1ea7n lo\u1ea1i n\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh m\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0 \u1edf r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a, b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n, keo n\u00ean trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf khi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng n\u00ean g\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng theo h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1ed7n giao theo c\u1ee5m, theo \u0111\u00e1m v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lu\u00e2n canh r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh khoanh nu\u00f4i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh 327 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 r\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 quan. Khoanh nu\u00f4i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i r\u1eebng nhanh v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n
M\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 tho\u00e1i ho\u00e1, nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m, \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y keo, \u0111\u1eadu tr\u00e0m l\u00e0m ti\u00ean phong, che b\u00f3ng, c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng l\u1edbp c\u00e2y b\u1ee5i che ph\u1ee7 ban \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n
4. Cung c\u1ea5p gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng:<\/b><\/p>\n
Ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ea1t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t hi\u1ec7n v\u1eabn l\u00e0 kh\u00e2u y\u1ebfu nh\u1ea5t trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. Tuy nhi\u00ean trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u1ecdn lo\u00e0i, xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y r\u1eebng, \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i, xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 t\u1ed1t, \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c qui ph\u1ea1m h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng r\u1eebng gi\u1ed1ng, v\u01b0\u1eddn gi\u1ed1ng: C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng sinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng hom v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n qua nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y m\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ef1\u01a1c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n, keo, phi lao, h\u00f4ng…<\/p>\n
5. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng:<\/b><\/p>\n
Trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh 327, su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u00e1c r\u1eebng ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 giao cho Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n b\u1ecb kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u00f2n th\u1ea5p. Do v\u1eady \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi r\u1eebng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t, b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam.<\/p>\n
6. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch:<\/b><\/p>\n
C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u1edf V\u1ee5 Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch B\u1ed9 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n, m\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kinh t\u1ebf t\u00edch c\u1ef1c tham gia d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Vai tr\u00f2 c\u00e1c l\u00e2m tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c doanh c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t trong vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n qua c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 s\u1edf, ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 \u00e1n tr\u1ed3ng m\u1edbi 5 tri\u1ec7u ha r\u1eebng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n
T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m , t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft kinh nghi\u1ec7m … c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam, gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 s\u1edf quan tr\u1ecdng, l\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n tr\u1ed3ng m\u1edbi 5 tri\u1ec7u ha r\u1eebng m\u00e0 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4ng qua.<\/p>\n
Scientific and technological achievements in forestry serving the project for establishing new 5 million hectares of forests<\/p>\n
Summary<\/p>\n
Mention is made by the author of the application of the scientific and technological achievements obtained in recent years in the implementation of the project for establishing new 5 million hectares of forests in Vietnam. Results have been obtained in basic research on : Land use planning and evaluation of forest land potential; selecting a collection and determining the structure of planted tree species in group of large timber species eucalypts, acacias, pines, bamboos, special product yielding trees and plants, tree species to be planted on coastal sandy land and in mangrove areas. The author also makes known research results on forest tree improvement, reforestation models, determination on investment rates and policy research.<\/p>\n
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D\u1ef1 \u00e1n tr\u1ed3ng m\u1edbi 5 tri\u1ec7u ha r\u1eebng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 1998 . N\u0103m 1999 l\u00e0 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 \u00e1n tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh 327 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng t\u1ed1t cho c\u00e1c n\u0103m ti\u1ebfp theo. \u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0 t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1eb7t ra trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o, b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh kh\u00e1c nhau. Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y n\u1ed9i dung ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh th\u00eam vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 \u00e1n tr\u1ed3ng m\u1edbi 5 tri\u1ec7u ha r\u1eebng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[18,44],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/274"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=274"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/274\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19390,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/274\/revisions\/19390"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=274"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=274"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=274"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}