{"id":24174,"date":"2026-03-30T11:25:33","date_gmt":"2026-03-30T04:25:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/?p=24174"},"modified":"2026-03-30T15:23:55","modified_gmt":"2026-03-30T08:23:55","slug":"tien-bo-ky-thuat-quy-trinh-ky-thuat-say-go-xe-keo-lai-acacia-hybrid-su-dung-nang-luong-mat-troi-tich-hop-nguon-nhiet-hoi-nuoc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/tien-bo-ky-thuat-quy-trinh-ky-thuat-say-go-xe-keo-lai-acacia-hybrid-su-dung-nang-luong-mat-troi-tich-hop-nguon-nhiet-hoi-nuoc\/","title":{"rendered":"Ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u201cQuy tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ea5y g\u1ed7 x\u1ebb Keo lai (Acacia hybrid)<\/em> s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, t\u00edch h\u1ee3p ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u1ec7t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

1. T\u00ean ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/strong>
\nQuy tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ea5y g\u1ed7 x\u1ebb Keo lai (Acacia hybrid<\/em>) s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, t\u00edch h\u1ee3p ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u1ec7t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc.
\n2. Ta\u0301c gia\u0309<\/strong>
\nNh\u00f3m t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt: ThS. L\u00ea Th\u1ecb H\u01b0ng, ThS. Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Gi\u00e1p, TS. H\u00e0 Ti\u1ebfn M\u1ea1nh, TS. B\u00f9i Duy Ng\u1ecdc, TS. Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u1ecdng Tu\u00e2n, ThS. Cao Ch\u00ed C\u00f4ng v\u00e0 KS. Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ee9c Trung.
\nT\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn: Vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p r\u1eebng – Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam.
\n\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9: Ph\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u00f4ng Ng\u1ea1c \u2013 Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i.
\n\u0110i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i: 04.3838.9031 Fax: 04.3838.9722
\nEmail: vkhln@vafs.gov.vn Website: http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn
\n3. Xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/strong>
\nTi\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a D\u1ef1 \u00e1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ea5p B\u1ed9\u201cHo\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u1ea5y g\u00f4\u0303 x\u1ebb r\u01b0\u0300ng tr\u1ed3ng s\u01b0\u0309 d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u0103\u0323t tr\u1eddi\u201d, do Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec, Vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p r\u1eebng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 01 n\u0103m 2023 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 2025, ThS. L\u00ea Th\u1ecb H\u01b0ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec7m d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.
\n4. T\u00f3m t\u1eaft n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/strong>
\n4.1. N\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/strong><\/em>
\n4.1.1. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/em>
\nV\u1ec1 quy m\u00f4 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng: \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1ec1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea5y g\u1ed7 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi – h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf quy m\u00f4 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p cho g\u1ed7 r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng (g\u1ed7 Keo lai v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i g\u1ed7 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1). Quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u1edf quy m\u00f4 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, m\u1edf ra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i cho c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn g\u1ed7 tr\u00ean to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n doanh nghi\u1ec7p mong mu\u1ed1n gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea5y \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.
\nV\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7: Quy tr\u00ecnh th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n b\u01b0\u1edbc chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng sang m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh song song c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, trong \u0111\u00f3: N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh v\u00e0o ban ng\u00e0y, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m ti\u00eau hao n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. Ngu\u1ed3n h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e3o h\u00f2a \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u1ec7t ph\u1ee5 tr\u1ee3, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f9 nhi\u1ec7t khi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i ho\u1eb7c khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 bu\u1ed3ng s\u1ea5y gi\u1ea3m d\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t. S\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 n\u00e0y gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a d\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 – \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea5y.
\nV\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n: Quy tr\u00ecnh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u2013 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea5y, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cho ph\u00e9p: Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng EMC trong bu\u1ed3ng s\u1ea5y. T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i linh ho\u1ea1t gi\u1eefa hai ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u1ec7t (NLMT v\u00e0 h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e3o h\u00f2a) theo th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u1ea5y. \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec d\u1ed1c s\u1ea5y c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ed7 sau s\u1ea5y.
\n4.1.2. Quy tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ea5y g\u1ed7 x\u1ebb Keo lai (Acacia hybrid) s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, t\u00edch h\u1ee3p ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u1ec7t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/em>
\n4.1.2.1. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 quy tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/em><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

4.1.2.2. M\u00f4 t\u1ea3 chi ti\u1ebft c\u00e1c kh\u00e2u trong quy tr\u00ecnh<\/em>
\nB\u01b0\u1edbc 1.<\/strong> Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb
\na) Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u g\u00f4\u0303 s\u1ea5y:
\n– G\u1ed7 x\u1ebb Keo lai (Acacia hybrid<\/em>) ho\u1eb7c g\u1ed7 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u00f9ng lo\u00e0i trong m\u1ed9t m\u1ebb s\u1ea5y.
\n– G\u1ed7 x\u1ebb c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y t = 25 \u00b1 1 mm, \u01b0u ti\u00ean t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y.
\n– \u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m ban \u0111\u1ea7u g\u1ed7 x\u1ebb MC = 50 \u00b1 5 %.
\nL\u01b0u \u00fd: Trong 1 m\u1ebb s\u1ea5y, ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m g\u1ed7 x\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean qu\u00e1 10 % (\u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed1ng g\u1ed7: MCtb \u00b1 50 %). N\u1ebfu g\u1ed7 x\u1ebb b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ea7n x\u1eed l\u00fd ghim \u0111\u1ea7u, g\u1ed7 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt kh\u00e1c c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u v\u00e0 ghi v\u00e0o b\u1ea3ng s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u theo d\u00f5i s\u1ea5y.
\nb) Ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00f2 s\u1ea5y g\u00f4\u0303 s\u01b0\u0309 d\u1ee5ng NLMT t\u00edch h\u1ee3p ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u1ec7t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/p>\n

Ba\u0309ng 01.<\/strong> T\u00f3m l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho m\u1ebb s\u1ea5y g\u1ed7<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ea1y kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea3i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea1t tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n gi\u00f3, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea1t x\u1ea3 \u1ea9m, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 van c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec7t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc; ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a n\u1ed3i h\u01a1i.
\nc) Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb thanh k\u00ea v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0 k\u00ea
\n* \u0110\u00e0 k\u00ea: \u0110\u00e0 k\u00ea l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u ki\u1ec7n ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o kho\u1ea3ng h\u1edf c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft gi\u1eefa n\u1ec1n l\u00f2 (ho\u1eb7c s\u00e0n xe go\u00f2ng) v\u00e0 l\u1edbp g\u1ed7 x\u1ebb \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. Kho\u1ea3ng h\u1edf n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u00ed s\u1ea5y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec1u b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ki\u1ec7n g\u1ed7.
\nY\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt: \u0110\u00e0 k\u00ea ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u00f4ng t\u1eeb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u g\u1ed7 (ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u thay th\u1ebf) c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc cao, th\u1edb th\u1eb3ng, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng (kh\u00f4) v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng (cong, v\u00eanh, n\u1ee9t).
\nK\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n (R\u1ed9ng x D\u00e0y): Ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e0 k\u00ea ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ki\u1ec7n g\u1ed7 v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc danh ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a g\u1ed7 s\u1ea5y. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi g\u1ed7 x\u1ebb c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng (t = 20\/25\/30 mm), ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e0 k\u00ea th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a l\u00e0 100 x 100 mm \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.
\nChi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i: Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i \u0111\u00e0 k\u00ea (L\u0111\u00e0 k\u00ea) ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng ho\u1eb7c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ki\u1ec7n g\u1ed7 (Wki\u1ec7n g\u1ed7). Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, L\u0111\u00e0 k\u00ea = Wki\u1ec7n g\u1ed7 + 100 mm \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh l\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ed5.
\n* Thanh k\u00ea:
\nY\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt: T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e0 k\u00ea, thanh k\u00ea ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb g\u1ed7 th\u1eb3ng th\u1edb, kh\u00f4, kh\u00f4ng cong v\u00eanh v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c l\u1edbp g\u1ed7 ph\u1eb3ng, song song.
\nK\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n (R\u1ed9ng x D\u00e0y): K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc thanh k\u00ea \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a g\u1ed7 s\u1ea5y, lo\u1ea1i g\u1ed7 v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi g\u1ed7 x\u1ebb c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y t = 25 \u00b11 mm, ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n thanh k\u00ea ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0 25 x 25 mm. Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y 25 mm c\u1ee7a thanh k\u00ea \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kho\u1ea3ng h\u1edf \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1edbn cho lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00ed l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.
\nChi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i: Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a thanh k\u00ea ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ki\u1ec7n g\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o v\u00e1n g\u1ed7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ee1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng, tr\u00e1nh hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng cong v\u00eanh c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9.
\nB\u01b0\u1edbc 2.<\/strong> X\u1ebfp g\u1ed7 th\u00e0nh ki\u1ec7n
\nQuy c\u00e1ch x\u1ebfp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u00f9y theo lo\u00e0i g\u1ed7 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u00f2 s\u1ea5y, c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chung sau \u0111\u00e2y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t:
\na) T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t: Ch\u1ec9 n\u00ean x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c v\u00e1n g\u1ed7 c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y danh ngh\u0129a v\u00e0o chung m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec7n g\u1ed7 s\u1ea5y. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u00e1n g\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ec1u ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ee1 b\u1edfi thanh k\u00ea, ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng.
\nb) K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thanh k\u00ea: Thanh k\u00ea \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c k\u00eanh d\u1eabn kh\u00ed song song gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1edbp g\u1ed7.
\n– C\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng: \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t. C\u00e1c thanh k\u00ea trong m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng (t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9t) v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i th\u1eb3ng h\u00e0ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e0 k\u00ea b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi. B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 sai l\u1ec7ch n\u00e0o trong c\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ee1, g\u00e2y ra \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t u\u1ed1n v\u00e0 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn cong v\u00eanh v\u00e1n g\u1ed7.
\n– Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch thanh k\u00ea: Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thanh k\u00ea ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u00ean su\u1ed1t chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i v\u00e1n. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi g\u1ed7 c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y t \u2265 25 mm, kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1i \u0111a gi\u1eefa hai thanh k\u00ea l\u00e0 600 mm; \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi g\u1ed7 c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y t < 25 mm, v\u00e1n m\u1ecfng h\u01a1n c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng cong v\u00eanh cao h\u01a1n, do \u0111\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1i \u0111a ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00fat ng\u1eafn xu\u1ed1ng 450 mm.
\nc) X\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e1n: \u0110\u1ea7u v\u00e1n l\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t v\u00e0 cong v\u00eanh nh\u1ea5t.
\n– Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eeb thanh k\u00ea ngo\u00e0i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 250 mm.
\n– Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng (c\u00e1c v\u00e1n g\u1ed7 c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t), thanh k\u00ea n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e1n.
\n– \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ki\u1ec7n g\u1ed7 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i (x\u1ebfp l\u1eabn l\u1ed9n), ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thanh k\u00ea ph\u1ee5 \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1c v\u00e1n ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ee1 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n.
\nd) K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc ki\u1ec7n (R\u1ed9ng x Cao): ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a kh\u00f4ng gian h\u1eefu d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 s\u1ea5y, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng h\u1edf c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho s\u1ef1 tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t s\u1ea5y. K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn: Chi\u1ec1u cao 1.000 \u2013 1.500 mm; Chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng 1.000 \u2013 1.200 mm. Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i ki\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a v\u00e1n g\u1ed7 x\u1ebb.
\n\u0111) L\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn theo d\u00f5i: Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1ebfp, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m v\u00e0o c\u00e1c v\u00e1n g\u1ed7 m\u1eabu.
\n– C\u00e1c v\u00e1n m\u1eabu n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn v\u00e0 mang t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 m\u1ebb s\u1ea5y (c\u00e1c v\u00e1n kh\u00f4 ch\u1eadm nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kh\u00f4 nhanh nh\u1ea5t, \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed kh\u00e1c nhau trong l\u00f2).
\n– C\u00e1c v\u00e1n m\u1eabu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o d\u1ecb th\u01b0\u1eddng (m\u1eaft g\u1ed7 l\u1edbn, g\u1ed7 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng) \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.
\ne) Ghi nh\u1eadn th\u00f4ng tin (H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 m\u1ebb s\u1ea5y): M\u1ed7i ki\u1ec7n g\u1ed7 ho\u1eb7c m\u1ebb s\u1ea5y ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t phi\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng tin \u0111i k\u00e8m, ghi r\u00f5 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u: lo\u00e0i g\u1ed7, quy c\u00e1ch k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc (d\u00e0y x r\u1ed9ng x d\u00e0i), ng\u00e0y x\u1ebb, ng\u00e0y nh\u1eadp kho, ng\u00e0y v\u00e0o l\u00f2, m\u00e3 s\u1ed1 m\u1ebb s\u1ea5y v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.
\nB\u01b0\u1edbc 3.<\/strong> X\u1ebfp ki\u1ec7n g\u1ed7 v\u00e0o trong l\u00f2 s\u1ea5y
\nC\u00e1c ki\u1ec7n g\u1ed7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o l\u00f2 b\u1eb1ng xe n\u00e2ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u00f2 s\u1ea5y NLMT c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n so v\u1edbi m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u00f2 s\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9. C\u1eeda \u0111\u01b0a g\u1ed7 ra\/v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u1edf b\u00ean h\u00f4ng l\u00f2 s\u1ea5y n\u00ean xe n\u00e2ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ebfp ki\u1ec7n g\u1ed7 v\u00e0o l\u00f2 \u0111\u00fang theo h\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u00f3 tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n ngang qua ki\u1ec7n g\u1ed7. Kh\u00e2u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 s\u1ea5y v\u00ec v\u1eady khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m sau:
\n– C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1ng g\u1ed7 trong l\u00f2 s\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp sao cho t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c k\u00eanh d\u1eabn kh\u00ed thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u qua \u0111\u1ed1ng g\u1ed7, l\u00e0m cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea5y trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i \u1ea9m v\u1edbi g\u1ed7 s\u1ea5y l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c ki\u1ec7n g\u1ed7 x\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp th\u00e0nh 2 d\u00e3y hai v\u1ec1 2 ph\u00eda trong l\u00f2 s\u1ea5y.
\n– X\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ed1ng g\u1ed7 \u00e1p s\u00e1t nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh l\u00f2 s\u1ea5y v\u00e0 x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c ki\u1ec7n g\u1ed7 c\u1ea1nh nhau kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o khe h\u1edf l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c gi\u00f3 \u0111i qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u qua nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00f3 \u0111i qua g\u1ed7.
\n– H\u01b0\u1edbng chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m g\u1ed7 x\u1ebb x\u1ebfp vu\u00f4ng g\u00f3c v\u1edbi h\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u00f3 c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00f3 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u1ea9m qua c\u00e1c khe gi\u1eefa c\u1ee7a thanh k\u00ea.<\/p>\n

– Khi x\u1ebfp ch\u1ed3ng c\u00e1c ki\u1ec7n l\u00ean nhau, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e0 k\u00ea v\u00e0 thanh k\u00ea c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ki\u1ec7n th\u1eb3ng h\u00e0ng tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c n\u00e9n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u.
\n– N\u1ebfu ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec7n g\u1ed7 b\u1ecb nghi\u00eang ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u00eam \u0111\u1ec3 c\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e0 k\u00ea, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 kh\u1ed1i x\u1ebfp th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n.
\nB\u01b0\u1edbc 4. C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea5y
\nL\u00f2 s\u1ea5y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh PID\/Hellios-2 v\u1edbi 2 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb cho t\u1eebng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u1ea5y l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 T v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng EMC (ho\u1eb7c d\u1ed1c s\u1ea5y). Khi s\u1ea5y g\u1ed7 Keo lai s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng NLMT t\u00edch h\u1ee3p ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u1ec7t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t theo b\u1ea3ng sau.<\/p>\n

Ba\u0309ng 02<\/strong>. B\u1ea3ng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea5y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng NLMT t\u00edch h\u1ee3p ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u1ec7t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc cho g\u1ed7 Keo lai, chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y 25\u00b11 mm<\/em><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

(Ghi ch\u00fa: EMC-\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng; Tk-nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1eddng; WBT-nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec7t k\u1ebf \u01b0\u1edbt; DBT-nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec7t k\u1ebf \u01b0\u1edbt; G\u0110-Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n;RH-\u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i)<\/em><\/span>
\nB\u01b0\u1edbc 5.<\/strong> Quy tr\u00ecnh kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh
\nM\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb theo tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a chu tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh.
\na) Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t an to\u00e0n
\n+ \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u: Sau khi ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c x\u1ebfp ki\u1ec7n, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00f3ng k\u00edn v\u00e0 kh\u00f3a ch\u1eb7t c\u1eeda l\u00f2 s\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea5y.
\n+ C\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n ch\u00ednh: K\u00edch ho\u1ea1t c\u1ea7u dao t\u1ed5ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n l\u00f2 s\u1ea5y.
\n+ C\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n: K\u00edch ho\u1ea1t ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng. (Ngu\u1ed3n n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp ri\u00eang v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f4 l\u1eadp c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u0309 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m, tr\u00e1nh h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng do s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 qu\u00e1 \u00e1p).
\nb) K\u00edch ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n kh\u00ed
\n+ Chuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng: Chuy\u1ec3n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng sang ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh.
\n+ Ki\u1ec3m tra h\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u00f3: X\u00e1c nh\u1eadn chi\u1ec1u quay c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea1t gi\u00f3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb \u0111\u00fang theo h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u0169i t\u00ean\/\u0111\u00e8n ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb m\u00e0u xanh.
\n+ Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp chu k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea3o chi\u1ec1u: C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ea3o chi\u1ec1u qu\u1ea1t gi\u00f3, th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 2 – 4 gi\u1edd\/l\u1ea7n, nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a lu\u1ed3ng m\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t s\u1ea5y qua to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ki\u1ec7n g\u1ed7.
\nc) Kh\u1edfi ch\u1ea1y chu tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea5y t\u00edch h\u1ee3p
\n+ B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u chu tr\u00ecnh: Sau khi thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ea1y chu tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea5y theo c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t (Tk, EMC, D\u1ed1c s\u1ea5y). C\u00e1c van t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec7t (H\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc) v\u00e0 \u1ea9m (Phun \u1ea9m) b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t theo t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n.
\n+ V\u1eadn h\u00e0nh: Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 t\u1eeb NLMT, khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea1t ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t, b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ng\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u1ec7t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o.
\n+ Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m theo d\u00f5i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u00e1p su\u1ea5t n\u1ed3i h\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ngu\u1ed3n h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec7t cho l\u00f2 s\u1ea5y trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb NLMT kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi.
\nB\u01b0\u1edbc 6.<\/strong> V\u1eadn h\u00e0nh quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea5y
\n– L\u00f2 s\u1ea5y t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea5y th\u00f4ng qua th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 T v\u00e0 EMC (ho\u1eb7c d\u1ed1c s\u1ea5y), ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo d\u00f5i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00f2 s\u1ea5y t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 theo nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf b\u01b0\u1edbc 4.<\/p>\n

– Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh theo d\u00f5i l\u00f2 s\u1ea5y c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 nh\u1eadt k\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 ghi ch\u00e9p c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 T, EMC, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m g\u1ed7 theo c\u00e1c m\u1ed1c th\u1eddi gian 3 \u2013 4 gi\u1edd\/m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n.
\n– N\u1ebfu l\u00f2 s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea5y th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 s\u1ea5y \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo d\u00f5i l\u00f2 s\u1ea5y c\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng\/m\u1edf c\u1eeda x\u1ea3 \u1ea9m, van c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec7t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea1t c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 b\u1ea3ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n.
\n– Ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo d\u00f5i l\u00f2 s\u1ea5y c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n quy tr\u00ecnh, quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, ph\u00f2ng ch\u00e1y ch\u1eefa ch\u00e1y v\u00e0 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi b\u00e1o v\u1edbi c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u00f2 s\u1ea5y v\u00e0 n\u1ed3i h\u01a1i.
\nB\u01b0\u1edbc 7.<\/strong> K\u1ebft th\u00fac qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea5y v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a g\u1ed7 ra l\u00f2
\n– Quy tr\u00ecnh d\u1eebng l\u00f2 v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh: Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh d\u1eebng l\u00f2 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng ngay sau khi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m g\u1ed7 trung b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau 10 \u201312 %.
\n+ V\u1eadn h\u00e0nh d\u1eebng l\u00f2: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ng\u1eaft to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u1ec7t\/\u1ea9m c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb li\u00ean quan v\u00e0 m\u1edf c\u1eeda ph\u1ee5 theo quy tr\u00ecnh.
\n+ \u1ed4n \u0111\u1ecbnh g\u1ed7: M\u1edf c\u00e1c c\u1eeda ra\/v\u00e0o g\u1ed7 s\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i l\u00f2 s\u1ea5y v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u \u00bd ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ed7 s\u1ea5y \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1ea9m v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi d\u1ee1 t\u1ea3i.
\n– Thao t\u00e1c d\u1ee1 t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp: Thao t\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0a g\u1ed7 ra kh\u1ecfi l\u00f2 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi (xe n\u00e2ng) theo tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi quy tr\u00ecnh x\u1ebfp g\u1ed7 v\u00e0o l\u00f2.
\n+ L\u01b0u kho t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi: G\u1ed7 sau khi \u0111\u01b0a ra kh\u1ecfi l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ki\u1ec7n theo quy c\u00e1ch g\u1ed7 x\u1ebb.
\n+ Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1 b\u1ed9: Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1ebfp ki\u1ec7n, c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c thanh g\u1ed7 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (cong v\u00eanh, n\u1ee9t v\u1ee1 v\u01b0\u1ee3t ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng cho ph\u00e9p) theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt k\u00e8m theo.
\nB\u01b0\u1edbc 8.<\/strong> Ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ed7 sau khi s\u1ea5y
\n– Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh sau:
\n+ \u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m cu\u1ed1i l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau then ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau s\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hay ch\u01b0a (10 \u00b1 2 %).
\n+ \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m: \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u1eabu g\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n trong ki\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u g\u1ed7 sau s\u1ea5y.
\n+ Khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc: \u0110\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1ee9t v\u1ee1, cong v\u00eanh, xo\u1eafn, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c so v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n cho ph\u00e9p.
\n– Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng: Vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ed7 s\u1ea5y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh theo c\u00e1c Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Qu\u1ed1c gia Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc: TCVN13706: 2023; TCVN 14118: 2024; TCVN 14119: 2024.<\/p>\n

– Ghi nh\u1eadn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 quy t\u1eafc l\u01b0u kho:
\na) H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng: C\u00e1c ki\u1ec7n g\u1ed7 sau khi ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn v\u00e0o h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh truy xu\u1ea5t ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c. H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u ph\u1ea3i bao g\u1ed3m: Lo\u00e0i g\u1ed7, M\u00e3 h\u00e0ng, Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ecbnh; Quy c\u00e1ch k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc; Ng\u00e0y s\u1ea5y, Ng\u00e0y ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng; \u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nh\u1eadp kho.
\nb) Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd l\u01b0u kho: \u0110\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1c ki\u1ec7n g\u1ed7 ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t quy t\u1eafc l\u01b0u kho nh\u1eb1m ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00fat \u1ea9m tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

4.2. Ph\u1ea1m vi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/strong><\/em>
\nQuy tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i cho c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n tr\u00ean ph\u1ea1m vi to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c. \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 g\u1ed7 x\u1ebb Keo lai v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i g\u1ed7 r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu, c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 l\u00fd t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng.
\n4.3. \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/strong><\/em>
\nPh\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn g\u1ed7 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cung c\u1ea5p h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e3o h\u00f2a (l\u00f2 h\u01a1i) ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u1ec7t h\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ea5y.
\nQuy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u1ea5y g\u1ed7 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p NLTM \u2013 h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i m\u1ecdi v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd. Tuy nhi\u00ean, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf – k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi l\u1edbn (c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 cao, s\u1ed1 gi\u1edd n\u1eafng trong n\u0103m nhi\u1ec1u).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1. T\u00ean ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt Quy tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ea5y g\u1ed7 x\u1ebb Keo lai (Acacia hybrid) s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, t\u00edch h\u1ee3p ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u1ec7t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc. 2. Ta\u0301c gia\u0309 Nh\u00f3m t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt: ThS. L\u00ea Th\u1ecb H\u01b0ng, ThS. Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Gi\u00e1p, TS. H\u00e0 Ti\u1ebfn M\u1ea1nh, TS. B\u00f9i Duy […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[174,72],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24174"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24174"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24174\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24187,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24174\/revisions\/24187"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24174"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24174"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24174"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}