{"id":24040,"date":"2026-01-22T14:43:10","date_gmt":"2026-01-22T07:43:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/?p=24040"},"modified":"2026-01-14T14:58:21","modified_gmt":"2026-01-14T07:58:21","slug":"tien-bo-ky-thuat-quy-trinh-quan-ly-tong-hop-benh-than-thu-va-bo-anh-kim-gay-hai-tren-cay-hoi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/tien-bo-ky-thuat-quy-trinh-quan-ly-tong-hop-benh-than-thu-va-bo-anh-kim-gay-hai-tren-cay-hoi\/","title":{"rendered":"Ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt Quy tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p b\u1ec7nh th\u00e1n th\u01b0 v\u00e0 b\u1ecd \u00e1nh kim g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i tr\u00ean c\u00e2y h\u1ed3i"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>1.\u00a0\u00a0 T\u00ean ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt (TBKT 01-128: 2025\/BVTV)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Quy tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p b\u1ec7nh th\u00e1n th\u01b0 v\u00e0 b\u1ecd \u00e1nh kim g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i tr\u00ean c\u00e2y h\u1ed3i<\/p>\n<p><strong>2.\u00a0\u00a0 T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>T\u00ean nh\u00f3m t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: <\/strong>Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Thu\u00fd Nga1, B\u00f9i V\u0103n D\u0169ng2, L\u00ea Th\u1ecb Xu\u00e2n1, Nguy\u1ec5n Minh Ch\u00ed1, L\u00ea Th\u1ecb Xu\u00e2n1, \u0110\u00e0o Ng\u1ecdc Quang1, Tr\u1ea7n Thanh Tr\u0103ng1, Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Loan1, L\u00ea V\u0103n B\u00ecnh1, \u0110\u1eb7ng Nh\u01b0 Qu\u1ef3nh3, Ph\u1ea1m Th\u1ecb Thu Thu\u1ef71, Nguy\u1ec5n Qu\u1ed1c Th\u1ed1ng1, V\u0169 V\u0103n \u0110\u1ecbnh1, Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Minh H\u1eb1ng1, Tr\u1ea7n Xu\u00e2n H\u01b0ng1, H\u00e0 V\u0103n Thi\u1ec7n4.<\/p>\n<p>1Trung t\u00e2m Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 r\u1eebng &#8211; Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n<p>2Vi\u1ec7n B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt &#8211; Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n<p>3Ban K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf &#8211; Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n<p>4Trung t\u00e2m D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p huy\u1ec7n V\u0103n Quan, t\u1ec9nh L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<p>T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 Ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn: Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9: s\u1ed1 46 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1eafng, ph\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1eafng, qu\u1eadn B\u1eafc T\u1eeb Li\u00eam, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i\/Fax: 0243.8362376\u00a0\u00a0 Email: <a href=\"mailto:fprc@vafs.gov.vn\">fprc@vafs.gov.vn<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>3.\u00a0\u00a0 Xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p b\u1ec7nh th\u00e1n th\u01b0 v\u00e0 b\u1ecd \u00e1nh kim g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh tr\u00ean c\u00e2y h\u1ed3i l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ea5p B\u1ed9: \u201cNghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng v\u00f4 t\u00ednh c\u00e2y h\u1ed3i (<em>Illicium<\/em><em> verum <\/em>Hook.f.) c\u00f3 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu s\u00e2u, b\u1ec7nh\u201d do TS. Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Thu\u00fd Nga, Trung t\u00e2m Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 r\u1eebng, Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2021 &#8211; 2025.<\/p>\n<p><strong>4.\u00a0\u00a0 T\u00f3m t\u1eaft n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>B\u1ec7nh th\u00e1n th\u01b0 do n\u1ea5m (<em>Colletotrichum<\/em><em> gloeosporioides <\/em>Penz &amp; Sacc, 1884) thu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd Glomerellaceae, b\u1ed9 Glomerellales. B\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh tr\u00ean l\u00e1, qu\u1ea3 c\u00e2y h\u1ed3i; t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 b\u1ec7nh tr\u00ean 50% v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 g\u00e2y kh\u00e1 nguy hi\u1ec3m. B\u1ec7nh th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i l\u00e1 v\u00e0o m\u00f9a m\u01b0a, g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i khi c\u00e2y ra qu\u1ea3 non, ng\u1ecdn, l\u00e1 non. Khi c\u00e2y h\u1ed3i b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb r\u1ee5ng l\u00e1, qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<p>B\u1ecd \u00e1nh kim (<em>Oides<\/em><em> duporti <\/em>Laboissiere, 1919) thu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd \u00e1nh kim Chrysomelidae b\u1ed9 c\u00e1nh c\u1ee9ng Coleoptera l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh tr\u00ean c\u00e2y h\u1ed3i, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 b\u1ec7nh tr\u00ean 25% c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn quy m\u00f4 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 cao cho r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>4.1.\u00a0\u00a0 N\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>TBKT n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng b\u1ec7nh th\u00e1n th\u01b0 do n\u1ea5m <em>Colletotrichum gloeosporioides <\/em>v\u00e0 b\u1ecd \u00e1nh kim <em>Oides duporti <\/em>g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i tr\u00ean c\u00e2y h\u1ed3i, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 sau:<\/p>\n<p><strong>* C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra, theo d\u00f5i<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh th\u00e1n th\u01b0 h\u1ea1i h\u1ed3i:<\/p>\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u tra theo d\u00f5i l\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean<em>, <\/em>c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, quan s\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft th\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng \u1ed1ng nh\u00f2m, l\u1ecbch \u0111i\u1ec1u tra tham kh\u1ea3o b\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/?attachment_id=24043\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-24043\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-24043\" src=\"http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/01\/26-01-12-TBKT-Hoi1-500x75.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"75\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/01\/26-01-12-TBKT-Hoi1-500x75.jpg 500w, https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/01\/26-01-12-TBKT-Hoi1.jpg 647w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ecd \u00e1nh kim:<\/p>\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u tra, theo d\u00f5i l\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng \u1ed1ng nh\u00f2m quan s\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c quan s\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nh\u1ed9ng, tr\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 s\u00e2u non.<\/p>\n<p>B\u1ecd \u00e1nh kim c\u00f3 04 pha ph\u00e1t d\u1ee5c, bao g\u1ed3m: tr\u1ee9ng, s\u00e2u non, nh\u1ed9ng, tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh. Trong m\u1ed9t n\u0103m ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 01 l\u1ee9a s\u00e2u, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i \u1edf c\u1ea3 2 pha: pha s\u00e2u non v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh. B\u1ecd \u00e1nh kim xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 2 \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 8 (trong \u0111\u00f3 pha s\u00e2u non g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 2 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 4, cao \u0111i\u1ec3m g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng trong th\u00e1ng 3, pha tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 5 &#8211; 6. L\u1ecbch \u0111i\u1ec1u tra tham kh\u1ea3o b\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/?attachment_id=24044\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-24044\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-24044\" src=\"http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/01\/26-01-22-TBKT-Hoi2-500x109.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"109\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/01\/26-01-22-TBKT-Hoi2-500x109.jpg 500w, https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/01\/26-01-22-TBKT-Hoi2.jpg 631w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u tra s\u00e2u non \u1edf tr\u00ean b\u00fap v\u00e0 l\u00e1 non c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y h\u1ed3i. \u0110i\u1ec1u tra nh\u1ed9ng trong l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1n c\u00e2y h\u1ed3i. \u0110i\u1ec1u tra tr\u1ee9ng t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c k\u1ebd c\u00e0nh, n\u00e1ch l\u00e1 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ed3i 3 &#8211; 6cm, m\u1ed7i \u1ed5 c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 30 &#8211; 50 tr\u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n<p><em>Chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tra t\u1ea1i ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>* Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>1.\u00a0 Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p v\u1eadt l\u00fd, c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh th\u00e1n th\u01b0: sau khi thu ho\u1ea1ch qu\u1ea3 h\u1ed3i v\u00e0o 2 v\u1ee5, th\u00e1ng 4 &#8211; 5 v\u00e0 th\u00e1ng 9 &#8211; 10 h\u00e0ng n\u0103m, c\u1ea7n t\u1ec9a b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng c\u00e0nh v\u00e0 c\u00e2y h\u1ed3i b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh n\u1eb7ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i, mang ra kh\u1ecfi r\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u00eau h\u1ee7y. Th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e2y b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ecd \u00e1nh kim: ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh thu c\u00e1c \u1ed5 tr\u1ee9ng trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb 15\/6 &#8211; 15\/8 h\u00e0ng n\u0103m. X\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t quanh g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u 2 &#8211; 3cm theo h\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a t\u00e1n c\u00e2y, sau \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ea3i ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m <em>Metarhizium anisopliae <\/em>5g\/c\u00e2y (Naxa 800DP,\u2026), trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb 25\/3 &#8211; 15\/4 \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t nh\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>2.\u00a0 Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p l\u00e2m sinh<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>V\u1ec7 sinh v\u01b0\u1eddn tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y h\u1ed3i: \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 ph\u00e1t d\u1ecdn th\u1ef1c b\u00ec 03 l\u1ea7n\/n\u0103m: l\u1ea7n 1 v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 2, \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 3; l\u1ea7n 2 v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 7, \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 8; l\u1ea7n 3 v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 11, \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng<\/li>\n<li>B\u00f3n ph\u00e2n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>+ Ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 vi sinh v\u1edbi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u1eefu c\u01a1: N; P2O5; Zn; Cu; B, li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 4,5kg\/c\u00e2y.<\/p>\n<p>+ Ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 (ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng hoai m\u1ee5c): li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 10kg\/1c\u00e2y.<\/p>\n<p>+ Th\u1eddi gian b\u00f3n: b\u00f3n v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00f9a m\u01b0a (th\u00e1ng 5 &#8211; 6) sau khi thu ho\u1ea1ch v\u1ee5 h\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m.<\/p>\n<p>+ C\u00e1ch b\u00f3n: \u0111\u00e0o r\u00e3nh t\u1ea1i n\u1eeda h\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfu t\u00e1n c\u00e2y, n\u01a1i gi\u00e1p ranh gi\u1eefa 2 c\u00e2y, \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u kho\u1ea3ng 20 &#8211; 30cm, r\u1ed9ng 20cm, d\u00e0i 60cm, r\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u00e2n v\u00e0o r\u00e3nh, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea5t l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh b\u1ecb r\u1eeda tr\u00f4i.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>3.\u00a0 Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong><em><u>\u00a0Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c BVTV sinh h\u1ecdc <\/u><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh th\u00e1n th\u01b0: s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c BVTV sinh h\u1ecdc khi l\u00e1, c\u00e0nh, qu\u1ea3 c\u00e2y h\u1ed3i c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 h\u1ea1i \u2265 20%, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c BVTV c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t Polyoxin B 11,0% w\/w (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0: Polyoxin AL 10wp,\u2026), n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 1,7 &#8211; 2g\/l\u00edt n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t <em>Bacillus subtilis <\/em>(v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 Biobac WP,\u2026)<em>,<\/em> v\u1edbi m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e0o t\u1eed 1,0 x 108CFU\/ ml n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 3g\/l\u00edt (75gr\/25 l\u00edt n\u01b0\u1edbc). Th\u1eddi gian phun \u0111\u1ee3t 1 t\u1eeb kho\u1ea3ng 10\/3 &#8211; 20\/3; \u0111\u1ee3t 2 t\u1eeb kho\u1ea3ng 15\/4 &#8211; 30\/4 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee3t 3 t\u1eeb kho\u1ea3ng 20\/8 &#8211; 10\/9. Phun 3l\u00edt dung d\u1ecbch\/c\u00e2y, phun nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i 3 l\u1ea7n, m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n c\u00e1ch nhau 10 ng\u00e0y.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ecd \u00e1nh kim:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>+ B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbch: b\u1ecd x\u00edt \u0111\u1ecf l\u01b0ng g\u1ed3 (<em>Cazira<\/em><em> horvathi<\/em>), b\u1ecd x\u00edt n\u00e2u (<em>Eocanthecona<\/em><em> concinna <\/em>Walk), b\u1ecd x\u00edt c\u1ed5 ng\u1ed7ng n\u00e2u <em>(Panthous <\/em>sp.), b\u1ecd x\u00edt c\u1ed5 ng\u1ed7ng \u0111\u1ecf, ong k\u00fd sinh tr\u1ee9ng, b\u1ecd ng\u1ef1a xanh, nh\u1ec7n hoa l\u1edbn b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng phun thu\u1ed1c BVTV ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n<p>+ S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c BVTV sinh h\u1ecdc khi l\u00e1 c\u00e2y h\u1ed3i b\u1ecb t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 h\u1ea1i \u2265 15,8%, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c BVTV c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t <em>Metarhizium anisopliae <\/em>(Naxa 800DP,\u2026), n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 3g\/l\u00edt n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c <em>Beauveria bassiana <\/em>(Biovip 1.5,\u2026) n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 12,5ml\/l\u00edt n\u01b0\u1edbc. Th\u1eddi gian phun kho\u1ea3ng 25\/2 &#8211; 10\/3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u00e2u non v\u00e0 t\u1eeb 1\/5 \u0111\u1ebfn 15\/5 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u00e2u tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh. Li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng phun 3l\u00edt dung d\u1ecbch\/c\u00e2y, phun nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i 2 l\u1ea7n, m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n c\u00e1ch nhau 10 ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em><u>\u00a0Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c BVTV h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc <\/u><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh th\u00e1n th\u01b0: khi l\u00e1, c\u00e0nh v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 c\u00e2y h\u1ed3i b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 h\u1ea1i \u2265 50% d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c BVTV c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t Mancozeb + Metalaxyl-M (Ridomil Gold\u00d268WG,\u2026), n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 3g\/l\u00edt v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c BVTV c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t Chlorantraniliprole + Mandipropamid 93% (Revus Opti 440SC,\u2026), n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 3g\/l\u00edt. Th\u1eddi gian phun \u0111\u1ee3t 1 t\u1eeb kho\u1ea3ng 10\/3 &#8211; 20\/3; \u0111\u1ee3t 2 t\u1eeb kho\u1ea3ng 15\/4 &#8211; 30\/4 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee3t 3 t\u1eeb kho\u1ea3ng 20\/8 &#8211; 10\/9. Phun 3l\u00edt dung d\u1ecbch\/c\u00e2y, phun nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i 3 l\u1ea7n, m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n c\u00e1ch nhau 10 ng\u00e0y.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ecd \u00e1nh kim: khi l\u00e1 c\u00e2y h\u1ed3i b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i b\u1edfi b\u1ecd \u00e1nh kim v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 h\u1ea1i \u2265 50%: s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c BVTV c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t Fenitrothion 25% + Fenvalerate 5% (Sumicombi 30EC,\u2026) n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 1ml\/l\u00edt v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c BVTV c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t Carbaryl 99% (Baryl annong 85 WP,\u2026) n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 4g\/l\u00edt. Th\u1eddi gian phun kho\u1ea3ng 25\/2- 10\/03 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u00e2u non v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 1\/5 \u0111\u1ebfn 15\/5 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u00e2u tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh. Phun 3l\u00edt dung d\u1ecbch\/c\u00e2y, phun nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i 2 l\u1ea7n, m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n c\u00e1ch nhau 10 ng\u00e0y.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>* K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt phun thu\u1ed1c<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 phun: d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y phun thu\u1ed1c b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c cao dung t\u00edch 16 l\u00edt, 20 l\u00edt ho\u1eb7c 25 l\u00edt, ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng x\u0103ng.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1ch pha thu\u1ed1c: khi pha thu\u1ed1c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed5 n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o 1\/3 b\u00ecnh, sau \u0111\u00f3 cho thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0o khu\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5 ti\u1ebfp n\u01b0\u1edbc cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u1ea7y b\u00ecnh, khu\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1ch phun: th\u01b0\u1eddng phun v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng khi tr\u1eddi kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o; phun \u0111\u1ec1u cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e2y, phun \u01b0\u1edbt to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 t\u00e1n l\u00e1 c\u00e2y; v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3i n\u00fai ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh phun t\u1eeb ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed3i l\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed3i, phun xu\u00f4i theo chi\u1ec1u gi\u00f3; v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng phun t\u1eeb xung quanh v\u00e0o trong theo h\u00ecnh xo\u00e1y tr\u00f4n \u1ed1c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>4.2.\u00a0\u00a0 \u0110\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>T\u1ea1i r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a t\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a t\u1ec9nh L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n, B\u1eafc K\u1ea1n, Qu\u1ea3ng Ninh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n sinh th\u00e1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1.<\/p>\n<p><strong>4.3. Ph\u1ea1m vi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng\/ \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng b\u1ec7nh th\u00e1n th\u01b0 v\u00e0 b\u1ecd \u00e1nh kim g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i tr\u00ean c\u00e2y h\u1ed3i t\u1ea1i t\u1ec9nh L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n, B\u1eafc K\u1ea1n, Qu\u1ea3ng Ninh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n sinh th\u00e1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1.<\/p>\n<p>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c ph\u1ea3i theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc 4 \u0111\u00fang: \u0111\u00fang th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m; \u0111\u00fang thu\u1ed1c; \u0111\u00fang n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9\/li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c sinh h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a vi sinh v\u1eadt nh\u01b0 <em>Metarhizium anisopliae<\/em>, <em>Beauveria bassiana, <\/em>Polyoxin B v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t Fenitrothion, Carbaryl, Mancozeb, Metalaxyl- M, Chlorantraniliprole v\u00e0 Mandipropamid ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd v\u00e0o Danh m\u1ee5c thu\u1ed1c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng b\u1ec7nh th\u00e1n th\u01b0 v\u00e0 b\u1ecd \u00e1nh kim g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i tr\u00ean c\u00e2y h\u1ed3i \u1edf r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c. <\/strong><strong>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft, g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tra s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh c\u00e2y h\u1ed3i<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>1. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i c\u00e1c s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh c\u00e2y h\u1ed3i<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>1.1. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\"><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>B\u1ec7nh th\u00e1n th\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn t\u1eeb l\u00e1, c\u00e0nh, ch\u1ed3i non v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 non (h\u00ecnh 2a-c). V\u1ebft b\u1ec7nh th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb ng\u1ecdn v\u00e0 m\u00e9p l\u00e1, sau \u0111\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c lan d\u1ea7n ra gi\u1eefa l\u00e1. \u1ede giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u, khi n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh m\u1edbi x\u00e2m nhi\u1ec5m, xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5m nh\u1ecf m\u00e0u n\u00e2u \u0111en. Sau \u0111\u00f3, v\u1ebft b\u1ec7nh m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng d\u1ea7n ra. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1m n\u00e2u lan d\u1ea7n, ph\u1ea7n gi\u1eefa v\u1ebft b\u1ec7nh chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00e0u n\u00e2u x\u00e1m. V\u1ebft b\u1ec7nh lan d\u1ea7n xu\u1ed1ng cu\u1ed1ng l\u00e1, g\u00e2n l\u00e1 t\u1eeb m\u00e0u xanh chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh m\u00e0u n\u00e2u do n\u1ea5m x\u00e2m nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 lan ra c\u1ea3 phi\u1ebfn l\u00e1 g\u00e2y th\u1ed1i v\u00e0 r\u1ee5ng l\u00e1 (h\u00ecnh 2b). Sau khi b\u1ecb n\u1ea5m x\u00e2m nhi\u1ec5m, tr\u00ean v\u1ebft b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u00f4i khi h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m, m\u00e0u n\u00e2u nh\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00e2u s\u1eabm. V\u1ebft b\u1ec7nh h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh kh\u1ed1i b\u00e0o t\u1eed m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng cam h\u00ecnh \u1edf m\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a t\u00e1n l\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p>Tr\u00ean qu\u1ea3, n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e2m nhi\u1ec5m b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec9nh m\u1ed7i c\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3\/hoa h\u1ed3i. Sau \u0111\u00f3, s\u1ee3i n\u1ea5m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n lan d\u1ea7n ra to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3\/hoa h\u1ed3i. \u0110\u00f4i khi n\u1ea5m x\u00e2m nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 lan d\u1ea7n l\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 qu\u1ea3. Qu\u1ea3 t\u1eeb m\u00e0u xanh chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00e0u n\u00e2u v\u00e0 n\u00e2u \u0111en, g\u00e2y th\u1ed1i r\u1ee5ng qu\u1ea3 h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t. Tr\u00ean v\u1ebft b\u1ec7nh b\u1ecb th\u1ed1i c\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n kh\u1ed1i b\u00e0o t\u1eed v\u00e0ng cam h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh d\u01b0\u1edbi (h\u00ecnh 2a). H\u00ecnh 2e-f l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh b\u00e0o t\u1eed n\u1ea5m <em>C. gloeosporioides <\/em>g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh th\u00e1n th\u01b0 h\u1ea1i c\u00e2y h\u1ed3i.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/?attachment_id=24045\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-24045\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-24045\" src=\"http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/01\/26-01-22-TBKT-Hoi3-500x353.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"353\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/01\/26-01-22-TBKT-Hoi3-500x353.jpg 500w, https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/01\/26-01-22-TBKT-Hoi3.jpg 606w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>1.2. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft b\u1ecd \u00e1nh kim (Oides duporti)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ef1c v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u00e1i c\u00f3 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i gi\u1ed1ng nhau: m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng, tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i c\u00e1nh c\u00f3 6 ch\u1ea5m m\u00e0u \u0111en v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ef1c nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u00e1i (h\u00ecnh 1a).<\/p>\n<p>Tr\u1ee9ng: tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ebb th\u00e0nh \u1ed5, t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c k\u1ebd c\u00e0nh, n\u00e1ch l\u00e1 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ed3i kho\u1ea3ng 3 &#8211; 6cm, \u1ed5 tr\u1ee9ng m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng x\u00e1m v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 tr\u1ee9ng m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng (h\u00ecnh 1b).<\/p>\n<p>S\u00e2u non: c\u00f3 3 tu\u1ed5i s\u00e2u, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c nhau: tu\u1ed5i 1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00e0i t\u1eeb 0,36cm &#8211; 0,69cm; tu\u1ed5i 2 d\u00e0i t\u1eeb 0,88cm &#8211; 1,36cm; tu\u1ed5i 3 d\u00e0i t\u1eeb 1,53cm &#8211; 1,90cm (h\u00ecnh 1c).<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng t\u01b0\u01a1i, nh\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u, m\u1eaft, ch\u00e2n, c\u00e1nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chi. \u0110\u1ea7u c\u00f3 m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng, h\u01a1i g\u1eadp v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda b\u1ee5ng m\u1eaft m\u00e0u n\u00e2u nh\u1ea1t, 2 \u0111\u00f4i r\u00e2u ch\u1ee5m v\u00e0o nhau g\u1eadp xu\u1ed1ng x\u1ebfp d\u1ecdc theo ng\u1ef1c v\u00e0 b\u1ee5ng (h\u00ecnh d; (h\u00ecnh e). H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u00e2y h\u1ed3i b\u1ecb b\u1ecd \u00e1nh kim ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i (h\u00ecnh f).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/?attachment_id=24042\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-24042\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-24042\" src=\"http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/01\/26-01-22-TBKT-Hoi4-500x348.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"348\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/01\/26-01-22-TBKT-Hoi4-500x348.jpg 500w, https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/01\/26-01-22-TBKT-Hoi4.jpg 636w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>1.3. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ecd \u00e1nh kim<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Tr\u1ee9ng b\u1ecd \u00e1nh kim n\u1edf trong kho\u1ea3ng 9 &#8211; 10 gi\u1edd s\u00e1ng. S\u00e2u non m\u1edbi n\u1edf b\u00f2 ngay l\u00ean b\u00fap non c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y h\u1ed3i, s\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp trung t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 trong kho\u1ea3ng 1 &#8211; 2 ng\u00e0y, sau khi \u0103n h\u1ebft th\u1ee9c \u0103n, ho\u1eb7c th\u1ee9c \u0103n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u1ea9n do ph\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang th\u1ea3i ra, ch\u00fang b\u00f2 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng b\u00fap h\u1ed3i non ho\u1eb7c l\u00e1 non kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0103n. N\u1ebfu l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee9c \u0103n \u00edt b\u1ecd \u00e1nh kim ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n theo t\u1eebng t\u1ed1p t\u1eeb 3 &#8211; 5 con tr\u00ean l\u00e1, \u0103n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u h\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 ch\u1eeba l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed1ng, r\u1ed3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c th\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n l\u00e0m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 quang h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y. \u0110\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i tu\u1ed5i 3 b\u1ecd \u00e1nh kim ng\u1eebng \u0103n kho\u1ea3ng 3 &#8211; 4 ng\u00e0y r\u1ed3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u co l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e1 nh\u1ed9ng. Khi r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t s\u00e2u non du\u1ed7i ra v\u00e0 n\u1ea5p ngay v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u00e1 kh\u00f4 ho\u1eb7c chui xu\u1ed1ng nh\u1eefng l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t x\u1ed1p xung quanh g\u1ed1c theo t\u00e1n c\u00e2y h\u1ed3i. C\u00f3 t\u1edbi 95% s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u00e2u non l\u00e0m nh\u1ed9ng trong \u0111\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1n c\u00e2y h\u1ed3i.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh: tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh v\u0169 h\u00f3a v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1eeb 10\/5 \u0111\u1ebfn 20\/5 trong n\u0103m, tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0o th\u1eddi gian ra l\u1ed9c h\u00e8 c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y h\u1ed3i. Khi m\u1edbi v\u0169 h\u00f3a tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh b\u1ecd \u00e1nh kim c\u00f2n y\u1ebfu bay \u0111o\u1ea1n ng\u1eafn kho\u1ea3ng 2m. Do v\u1eady, trong 2 &#8211; 3 ng\u00e0y sau v\u0169 h\u00f3a, tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh b\u1ecd \u00e1nh kim ch\u1ec9 t\u1eadp trung g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng t\u1ea7ng l\u00e1 ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y h\u1ed3i. \u0110\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y th\u1ee9 4 &#8211; 5 ch\u00fang ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n l\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng l\u00e1 ph\u00eda tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i. Khi g\u1eb7p ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh ho\u1eb7c va ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t, con tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t. Tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh b\u1ecd \u00e1nh kim sinh s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i theo b\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e0n. Ch\u00fang s\u1ebd t\u1eadp trung g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e2y cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e1 th\u00ec di chuy\u1ec3n sang c\u00e2y kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p><strong>II. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tra<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>2.1. V\u1edbi<\/em><\/strong> <strong><em>b\u1ec7nh th\u00e1n th\u01b0 h\u1ea1i h\u1ed3i<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh th\u00e1n th\u01b0 h\u1ea1i h\u1ed3i trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi 5 c\u1ea5p b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p TCVN 8928: 2023.<\/p>\n<p>B\u1ec7nh th\u00e1n th\u01b0 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i tr\u00ean c\u00e2y h\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n theo chu k\u1ef3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n sinh l\u00fd c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y. B\u1ec7nh th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn: \u0111\u1ee3t 1 (gi\u1eefa th\u00e1ng 2 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 3) v\u00e0o m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n khi th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u m\u01b0a ph\u00f9n, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m cao v\u00e0 l\u1ed9c non c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n; \u0111\u1ee3t 2 (cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 3 \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 4) b\u1ec7nh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u, khi c\u00e2y c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3 non. \u0110\u1ee3t 3, b\u1ec7nh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 c\u00e2y c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3 non v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng gi\u1eefa th\u00e1ng 8 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 9 khi th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft c\u00f3 m\u01b0a ng\u00e2u. B\u1ec7nh th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n nh\u1edd gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n b\u00e0o t\u1eed.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>2.2. V<\/em><\/strong><strong><em>\u1edbi b\u1ecd \u00e1nh kim.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>\u0110i\u1ec1u tra theo d\u00f5i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp<\/em><\/p>\n<p>D\u00f9ng \u1ed1ng nh\u00f2m quan s\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c quan s\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nh\u1ed9ng, tr\u1ee9ng, s\u00e2u non.<\/p>\n<p><em>\u0110i\u1ec1u tra trong \u00f4 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u00d4 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch 500m2\u00a0v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o trong m\u1ed7i \u00f4 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 10 c\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec1u tra tr\u1edf l\u00ean, \u00f4 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho l\u00e2m ph\u1ea7n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf n\u01a1i d\u1ec5 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ecd \u00e1nh kim t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 n\u01a1i th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb d\u1ecbch b\u1ecd \u00e1nh kim h\u00e0ng n\u0103m.<\/p>\n<p>Kho\u1ea3ng 50ha th\u00ec \u0111\u1eb7t 1 \u00f4 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u00e1c \u00f4 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n dao \u0111\u1ed9ng 0,2-1% t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u00e2m ph\u1ea7n, khu v\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n<p>Trong m\u1ed7i \u00f4 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111i\u1ec1u tra 10 c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n, \u0111i\u1ec1u tra 1 h\u00e0ng b\u1ecf 1 h\u00e0ng, trong h\u00e0ng c\u1ee9 5 c\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec1u tra 1 c\u00e2y, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ed1 c\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec1u tra \u226510% s\u1ed1 c\u00e2y trong \u00f4 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.<\/p>\n<p>Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00e2y H\u1ed3i c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u cao l\u1edbn, t\u00e1n r\u1ed9ng th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u tra theo c\u00e0nh (2 c\u00e0nh d\u01b0\u1edbi, 2 c\u00e0nh gi\u1eefa v\u00e0 1 c\u00e0nh ng\u1ecdn), 2 c\u00e0nh d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1ee9c, 2 c\u00e0nh gi\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn vu\u00f4ng g\u00f3c v\u1edbi 2 c\u00e0nh d\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u tra s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ed9ng, tr\u1ee9ng, s\u00e2u non tr\u00ean c\u00e0nh sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u00ednh b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n cho 1 c\u00e2y, b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n cho \u00f4 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n cho l\u00e2m ph\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n<p>Ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ecb s\u00e2u \u0103n l\u00e1 h\u1ed3i trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi 5 c\u1ea5p b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p trong TCVN 8927: 2023.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>2.3. B\u1ea3ng tra s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u00e2u non<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/?attachment_id=24046\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-24046\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-24046\" src=\"http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/01\/26-01-22-TBKT-Hoi5-342x500.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"342\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/01\/26-01-22-TBKT-Hoi5-342x500.jpg 342w, https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/01\/26-01-22-TBKT-Hoi5.jpg 532w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 342px) 100vw, 342px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; 1.\u00a0\u00a0 T\u00ean ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt (TBKT 01-128: 2025\/BVTV) Quy tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p b\u1ec7nh th\u00e1n th\u01b0 v\u00e0 b\u1ecd \u00e1nh kim g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i tr\u00ean c\u00e2y h\u1ed3i 2.\u00a0\u00a0 T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 T\u00ean nh\u00f3m t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Thu\u00fd Nga1, B\u00f9i V\u0103n D\u0169ng2, L\u00ea Th\u1ecb Xu\u00e2n1, Nguy\u1ec5n Minh Ch\u00ed1, L\u00ea Th\u1ecb Xu\u00e2n1, \u0110\u00e0o Ng\u1ecdc Quang1, Tr\u1ea7n [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[174,72],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24040"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24040"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24040\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24047,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24040\/revisions\/24047"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24040"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24040"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24040"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}