{"id":186,"date":"2009-03-24T03:16:01","date_gmt":"2005-04-15T16:21:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vafs.dungnq.local\/2005\/04\/15\/ket-qua-nghien-cuu-thiet-ke-che-tao-may-bam-dam-tre-lam-bot-giay\/"},"modified":"2019-09-25T09:58:32","modified_gmt":"2019-09-25T02:58:32","slug":"ket-qua-nghien-cuu-thiet-ke-che-tao-may-bam-dam-tre-lam-bot-giay","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/ket-qua-nghien-cuu-thiet-ke-che-tao-may-bam-dam-tre-lam-bot-giay\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o m\u00e1y b\u0103m d\u0103m tre l\u00e0m b\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5y"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nguy\u1ec5n M\u1ea1nh Ho\u1ea1t <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/em><\/p>\n

Tre l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh, ch\u1ec9 sau 3 n\u0103m k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi tr\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, sau \u0111\u00f3 n\u0103m n\u00e0o c\u0169ng thu ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 30% s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Hi\u1ec7n nay do \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng hom, n\u00ean di\u1ec7n t\u00edch v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tre \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ed9t- gi\u1ea5y t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u tre, n\u1ee9a, g\u1ed7 r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng. Hi\u1ec7n nay \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 200 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5y t\u1eeb tre – n\u1ee9a ho\u1eb7c tre ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi g\u1ed7 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y gi\u1ea5y B\u00e3i B\u1eb1ng, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y gi\u1ea5y L\u1eeda Vi\u1ec7t \u1edf Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y gi\u1ea5y S\u01a1n La \u1edf S\u01a1n La, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y gi\u1ea5y S\u00f4ng Lam \u1edf Ngh\u1ec7 An,\u2026<\/p>\n

\u0110a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u mua tre v\u1ec1 b\u0103m d\u0103m t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y b\u0103m d\u0103m c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c hay \u0110\u00e0i Loan. Do tre c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ed7ng l\u1edbn n\u00ean chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n th\u01b0\u1eddng cao khi nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u1edf xa v\u00f9ng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u, (nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y gi\u1ea5y S\u00f4ng Lam, B\u00e3i B\u1eb1ng,… c\u1ef1 ly v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u tre th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ean 100km) v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 b\u00e3i d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. Nh\u1edd c\u00f3 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch giao \u0111\u1ea5t, kho\u00e1n r\u1eebng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf trang tr\u1ea1i n\u00ean hi\u1ec7n nay nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u tre r\u1ea5t phong ph\u00fa, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111ang c\u1ea7n b\u00e1n nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u tre cho nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y. S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 tre c\u00e2y th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i <5m c\u00f2n b\u1ecf m\u1ea5t tr\u00ean 30% (t\u00ednh theo kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng). Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y gi\u1ea5y Vi\u1ec7t Tr\u00ec v\u00e0 B\u00e3i B\u1eb1ng ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c mua tre v\u1ec1 b\u0103m c\u00f2n mua d\u0103m tre c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n = 350.000\u0111 \/t\u1ea5n t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y (\u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m d\u0103m qui \u0111\u1ecbnh = 50%); tuy nhi\u00ean, d\u0103m b\u0103m th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5p v\u00ec d\u0103m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u n\u00ean t\u1ed1n ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ea5u b\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5y, kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1ea1p nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u00e0o n\u1ed3i n\u1ea5u b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m so v\u1edbi d\u0103m b\u0103m b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y. V\u00ec v\u1eady \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5y c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u1ea7n mua d\u0103m b\u0103m b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y. T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f3 2 lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y b\u0103m d\u0103m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y gi\u1ea5y l\u00e0 m\u00e1y b\u0103m d\u0103m ki\u1ec3u \u0111\u0129a do \u0110\u00e0i Loan s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t = 3 \u2013 4 t\u1ea5n d\u0103m\/gi\u1edd, lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Thu\u1ef5 \u0110i\u1ec3n c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t l\u1edbn = 30 t\u1ea5n d\u0103m\/gi\u1edd v\u00e0 m\u00e1y b\u0103m d\u0103m ki\u1ec3u tang tr\u1ed1ng do Thu\u1ef5 \u0110i\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t = 25 t\u1ea5n d\u0103m \/gi\u1edd. D\u0103m do m\u00e1y b\u0103m ki\u1ec3u \u0111\u0129a t\u1ea1o ra c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00ec t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 d\u0103m h\u1ee3p c\u00e1ch cao, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi tr\u00ean 90% (theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n d\u0103m do nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111\u1eb7t ra). V\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o m\u00e1y b\u0103m d\u0103m ki\u1ec3u tang tr\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ed3ng k\u1ec1nh, c\u1ea5p li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n d\u0103m ra \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng b\u0103ng t\u1ea3i. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ec3 b\u0103m tre b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y b\u0103m d\u0103m ki\u1ec3u tang tr\u1ed1ng th\u00ec tre ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb9p v\u00e0 k\u1eb9p ch\u1eb7t (n\u1ea1p li\u1ec7u ki\u1ec3u c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c). V\u00ec v\u1eady m\u00e1y b\u0103m ki\u1ec3u tang tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y. \u0110\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t d\u0103m t\u1ea1i khu tr\u1ed3ng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra d\u0103m tre c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t (d\u0103m \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e0 v\u1ee1 r\u1ea1n) <\/em>d\u1ec5 ng\u1ea5m ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t khi n\u1ea5u trong n\u1ed3i \u00e1p l\u1ef1c, gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eddi gian n\u1ea5u, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i “Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u00e1y b\u0103m d\u0103m tre l\u00e0m b\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5y<\/em> “.<\/p>\n

I. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u00e1y<\/strong><\/p>\n

Qua nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5y \u1edf Thanh Ho\u00e1, Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd, Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 Y\u00ean B\u00e1i ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u1ecdn lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh m\u00e1y b\u0103m d\u0103m ki\u1ec3u \u0111\u0129a \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u00e1y t\u1ea1o ra d\u0103m \u0111\u1ee7 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5y c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u1ea5u b\u1ed9t trong n\u1ed3i c\u00f3 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c h\u01a1i th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. Hi\u1ec7n nay m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5y t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u tre \u1edf ph\u00eda B\u1eafc nh\u01b0 Vi\u1ec7t Tr\u00ec, Ho\u00e0ng V\u0103n Th\u1ee5, S\u01a1n La, \u2026 c\u00f3 qui m\u00f4 t\u1eeb 5.000 \u0111\u1ebfn 10.000 t\u1ea5n b\u1ed9t\/n\u0103m. C\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ed9t kh\u00e1c nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n, c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t t\u1eeb 1000 \u0111\u1ebfn 3000 t\u1ea5n b\u1ed9t\/n\u0103m. \u0110\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t 1 t\u1ea5n b\u1ed9t t\u1eeb tre c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 4 t\u1ea5n nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u tre.Do \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, qui m\u00f4 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y v\u00e0 x\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5y nh\u1ecf n\u00ean ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u00e1y nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

+ C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n – ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 m\u00e1y (kh\u00e2u n\u1ea1p li\u1ec7u b\u1eb1ng th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng) nh\u01b0ng khi c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi ho\u00e1; m\u00e1y th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c b\u0103m d\u0103m v\u00e0 phun d\u0103m v\u00e0o th\u00f9ng xe v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i ho\u1eb7c phun th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed1ng d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef, sau \u0111\u00f3 n\u1ea1p l\u00ean xe v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng b\u0103ng t\u1ea3i<\/p>\n

+ Dao b\u0103m d\u1ec5 th\u00e1o l\u1eafp<\/p>\n

+ C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eafp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0110i\u00eazen<\/p>\n

+ C\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed9ng cao v\u00e0 g\u1ecdn nh\u1eb9.<\/p>\n

+ C\u1eeda n\u1ea1p tr\u00ean d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ea1p kh\u00fac tre ng\u1eafn c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb 40 – 200cm theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c t\u1ef1 k\u00e9o nh\u1edd m\u00e1ng n\u1ea1p v\u00e0 dao b\u0103m .<\/p>\n

+ C\u1eeda d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ea1p nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i >200cm \u0111\u1ebfn 500cm theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ef1 k\u00e9o nh\u1edd m\u00e1ng n\u1ea1p v\u00e0 dao b\u0103m.<\/p>\n

+ M\u00e1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ee9ng – ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh song song v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng ngang, m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u0129a b\u0103m vu\u00f4ng g\u00f3c m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng ngang.<\/p>\n

+ D\u0103m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phun ra theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng tr\u00f2n c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u cao h\u1ee3p l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 phun th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o th\u00f9ng xe v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c phun th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed1ng<\/p>\n

+ N\u0103ng su\u1ea5t b\u0103m d\u0103m \u0111\u1ea1t kho\u1ea3ng 3 t\u1ea5n d\u0103m\/gi\u1edd, ho\u1eb7c 30 t\u1ea5n cho m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c.<\/p>\n

+ C\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc d\u0103m ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n d\u0103m cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5y<\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y b\u0103m d\u0103m ki\u1ec3u \u0111\u0129a<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

M\u00e1y b\u0103m d\u0103m tre \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadp trung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u tre, g\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n tr\u1ea1m bi\u1ebfn th\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 m\u00e1y d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

Khi n\u1ea1p li\u1ec7u v\u00e0o m\u00e1y ta \u0111\u1eb7t tre v\u00e0o m\u00e1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y cho tre ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi dao b\u0103m, nh\u1edd \u0111\u00e0 quay c\u1ee7a \u0111\u0129a b\u0103m, tre \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o v\u00e0o li\u00ean t\u1ee5c cho \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ebft. D\u0103m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phun theo \u1ed1ng tho\u00e1t d\u0103m v\u00e0o kho ch\u1ee9a ho\u1eb7c th\u00f9ng xe nh\u1edd c\u00f3 6 c\u00e1nh g\u1eafn tr\u00ean \u0111\u0129a dao t\u1ea1o gi\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea9y d\u0103m tho\u00e1t ra ngo\u00e0i. C\u0169ng nh\u1edd c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh \u0111\u00f3 n\u00ean d\u0103m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eadp nh\u1ecf trong bu\u1ed3ng d\u0103m \u0111\u1ea1t k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tho\u00e1t ra ngo\u00e0i. Tr\u00ean th\u00e2n m\u00e1y c\u00f3 c\u1eeda \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e1o l\u1eafp v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh dao b\u0103m; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng bu l\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh dao t\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea1t c\u00e1c k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc d\u0103m ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.<\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111i\u1ec7n:<\/p>\n

N\u0111 c<\/sub> = 1,2 (28,03 + 2,04) = 36,08 (Kw) = 49 (cv)<\/p>\n

K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc dao b\u0103m:<\/p>\n

260 x 180 x 20 (mm); g\u00f3c m\u00e0i b= 36o<\/sup><\/p>\n

K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc dao t\u1ef3:<\/p>\n

220 x 160 x 16 (mm); g\u00f3c m\u00e0i b= 85o<\/sup><\/p>\n

K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 chi ti\u1ebft ch\u00ednh :<\/em><\/p>\n

a – \u0110\u0129a b\u0103m: D = 980mm; Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y b = 55mm<\/p>\n

b – C\u1eeda n\u1ea1p li\u1ec7u: 160 x 180 (mm)<\/p>\n

c – \u1ed1ng tho\u00e1t d\u0103m: d = 200 (mm)<\/p>\n

2. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t <\/strong><\/p>\n

M\u00e1y b\u0103m d\u0103m sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh; \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edfng Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i t\u00ecm c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e1y trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Trong qu\u00ed IV n\u0103m 2001 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o m\u00e1y theo H\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u k\u00fd v\u1edbi C\u00f4ng ty C\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n Ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn N\u00f4ng L\u00e2m s\u1ea3n B\u1eafc Giang. M\u00e1y sau khi ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o xong \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 X\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ty \u1edf x\u00e3 C\u1ea9m \u0110\u00e0n, huy\u1ec7n S\u01a1n \u0110\u1ed9ng, t\u1ec9nh B\u1eafc Giang. Sau m\u1ed9t n\u0103m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, m\u00e1y \u0111\u00e3 b\u0103m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u1ea3ng tr\u00ean 5000 t\u1ea5n tre t\u01b0\u01a1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh t\u1eeb 4 \u2013 13cm. V\u1eeba qua sau khi c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb cho Trung t\u00e2m C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p r\u1eebng, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111o t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh sau:<\/p>\n

1 – \u0110\u1ed9 rung \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y khi c\u00f3 t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1u n\u1eb1m trong gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n cho ph\u00e9p khi \u0111o b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y \u0111o rung c\u1ea7m tay Examiner \u2013 1000 do h\u00e3ng MONARCH c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t .<\/p>\n

2 – C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111o b\u1eb1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ea7m tay FLUKE -39 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1t = (70 \u2013 76)% N\u0111c<\/p>\n

3 – S\u1ed1 v\u00f2ng quay th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u0129a b\u0103m, \u0111o tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111o s\u1ed1 v\u00f2ng quay tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

nMin= 605 (v\/ph)<\/p>\n

nMax= 665 (v\/ph)<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t chung:<\/u><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

1 – M\u00e1y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 rung trong gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n cho ph\u00e9p v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

2 – C\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1t c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 :<\/p>\n

* N\u0103ng su\u1ea5t b\u0103m d\u0103m b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n: Q \u00bb<\/em> 3 t\u1ea5n d\u0103m t\u01b0\u01a1i\/gi\u1edd<\/p>\n

* \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh tre c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u0103m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c: D = (4 \u00b813) cm<\/p>\n

* Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i kh\u00fac tre c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u0103m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c: L = (40 \u00b8 500) cm<\/p>\n

* T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 d\u0103m h\u1ee3p quy c\u00e1ch: x \u00b3 87,6 %<\/p>\n

* Chi ph\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t: p = (6 \u00b86,5) Kw\/t\u1ea5n d\u0103m<\/p>\n

* Gian c\u00e1ch m\u00e0i dao sau khi b\u0103m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u0103m Q \u00b3 30 t\u1ea5n<\/p>\n

3. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn <\/strong><\/p>\n

M\u00e1y b\u0103m d\u0103m tre l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng MBT\u2013 3A \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eb7t ra cho \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i n\u00ean ngay sau khi l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u1ea1y th\u1eed 02 ca m\u00e1y, \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp thu v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng trong su\u1ed1t c\u1ea3 n\u0103m 2002 v\u1edbi kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u0103m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean 5000 t\u1ea5n tre. Sau khi c\u00f3 m\u00e1y b\u0103m, C\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eafp th\u00eam m\u1ed9t n\u1ed3i n\u1ea5u b\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i 8m3<\/sup>, n\u00e2ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a x\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00ean 100 t\u1ea5n\/th\u00e1ng (m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1eady v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ebft c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y b\u0103m). M\u00e1y \u0111\u00e3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn nay l\u00e0 15 th\u00e1ng, ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c g\u00ec \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3; \u0111\u1ebfn nay \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y b\u0103m d\u0103m tre MBT- 3A c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i m\u00e1y MBT- 3A \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3 2 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1:<\/p>\n

* Ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1eb9p.<\/p>\n

* Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e1y v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u0103m.<\/p>\n

MBT-3A l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh l\u00e0m kinh t\u1ebf trang tr\u1ea1i \u1edf v\u00f9ng n\u00fai g\u1ea7n c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5y t\u1eeb tre v\u00e0 c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5y qui m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf .<\/p>\n

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh <\/strong><\/p>\n

1 \u2013 S.I Rakmanov; K.F Gonokhovski. M\u00e1y v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb khai th\u00e1c g\u1ed7 \u2013 NXB – Matxc\u01a1va \u2013 1967.<\/p>\n

2 \u2013 B.G Dal\u00eagale; P.V.Latoxkin. C\u01a1 gi\u1edbi ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean kho g\u1ed7 \u2013 NXB – Matxc\u01a1va \u2013 1965.<\/p>\n

3 \u2013 Peter \u2013 Kox.C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn g\u1ed7 \u2013 NXB – Matxc\u01a1va \u2013 1969<\/p>\n

4 \u2013 Penelitian Kehutanan. Forestry Research Bulletin. Vol.9 No-3 Oct.1993<\/p>\n

5 \u2013 Ho\u00e0ng Nguy\u00ean \u2013 M\u00e1y v\u00e0 Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb gia c\u00f4ng G\u1ed7 \u2013 NXB N\u00f4ng Nghi\u1ec7p – 1980<\/p>\n

Summary<\/u><\/strong><\/h2>\n

At present production of bamboo chips is mainly carried out in the mill and this results in high cost of transport and demand of large landing area. Bamboo chips produced by hand labour does not however meet the quality required. Promoted by this fact the research subject:” Research on and designing of bamboo – chip production machine” has been carried out aimed at producing good quality bamboo-chips right in the raw material area.<\/p>\n

After manufacture the machine was tested and put into operation in Bac Giang. Throughout the past 15 months the machine operated well meeting technical requirements as regards productivity and bamboo-chips quality. The BDT-3A machine is suitable for production of households scale, capacity 3t of fresh bamboo-chips\/h, neatly built, stable operation.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tre là loài cây sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng và phát tri\u1ec3n nhanh, ch\u1ec9 sau 3 n\u0103m k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi tr\u1ed3ng là có th\u1ec3 khai thác s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, sau \u0111ó n\u0103m nào c\u0169ng thu ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 30% s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Hi\u1ec7n nay do áp d\u1ee5ng công ngh\u1ec7 nhân gi\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng hom, nên di\u1ec7n tích và s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tre \u0111áp \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c yêu c\u1ea7u phát tri\u1ec3n công nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ed9t- gi\u1ea5y t\u1eeb nguyên li\u1ec7u tre, n\u1ee9a, g\u1ed7 r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[18],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/186"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=186"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/186\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19248,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/186\/revisions\/19248"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=186"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=186"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=186"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}