{"id":162,"date":"2009-03-24T03:40:42","date_gmt":"2005-04-08T01:58:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vafs.dungnq.local\/2005\/04\/08\/ky-thuat-trong-cay-truc-sao\/"},"modified":"2019-09-25T09:51:21","modified_gmt":"2019-09-25T02:51:21","slug":"ky-thuat-trong-cay-truc-sao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/ky-thuat-trong-cay-truc-sao\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng C\u00e2y tr\u00fac s\u00e0o"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t Nam: Tr\u00fac s\u00e0o<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng: Tr\u00fac to, M\u1ea1y khoang c\u00e1i, M\u1ea1y khoang ho\u00e0i, S\u00e0o p\u00ean<\/p>\n

T\u00ean khoa h\u1ecdc: Phyllostachys edulis<\/em> (Carr.) Riviere<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00ean KH kh\u00e1c: Bambusa edulis<\/em> Carriere<\/p>\n

Bambusa mosoo<\/em>Japon ex Sieb.<\/p>\n

Phyllostachys heterocycla var pubescens<\/em> (Mazel)Ohwi<\/p>\n

Phyllostachys heterocycla f. pubescens<\/em>(Mazel) Muroi<\/p>\n

Phyllostachys mitis<\/em>A. et C. Riviere<\/p>\n

Phyllostachys pubescens<\/em> Mazel ex H.de Lehaie<\/p>\n

H\u1ecd C\u1ecf (Poaceae) h\u1ecd ph\u1ee5 tre (Bambusoideae)<\/p>\n

1. M\u00f4 t\u1ea3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tr\u00fac s\u00e0o l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i tre kh\u00f4ng gai, l\u00e1 nh\u1ecf, m\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n t\u1eebng c\u00e2y \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c – th\u00e2n ng\u1ea7m d\u1ea1ng roi, th\u00e2n kh\u00ed sinh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u1ecdn cong r\u1ee7.<\/p>\n

Th\u00e2n kh\u00ed sinh th\u1eb3ng, t\u00e1n th\u01b0a, ph\u1ea7n th\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e0nh th\u00ec tr\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec1u; v\u00f2ng th\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed5i r\u00f5, v\u00f2ng mo l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1edd; Ph\u1ea7n th\u00e2n c\u00f3 c\u00e0nh th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng tr\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec1u; c\u00f3 hai v\u1ebft l\u00f5m ch\u1ea1y d\u1ecdc d\u00f3ng, m\u1ed9t v\u1ebft l\u00f5m to, m\u1ed9t v\u1ebft l\u00f5m nh\u1ecf \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e0nh to v\u00e0 c\u00e0nh nh\u1ecf. Th\u00e2n non c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u00f4ng s\u1edbm r\u1ee5ng. M\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ed1t c\u00f3 hai c\u00e0nh (m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed1t ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0 tr\u00ean ng\u1ecdn c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e0nh) m\u1ed9t c\u00e0nh to v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e0nh nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n (c\u00e1c c\u00e0nh th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p c\u0169ng m\u1ed9t to, m\u1ed9t nh\u1ecf). H\u00e0ng n\u0103m c\u00e0nh l\u00e1 r\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i s\u1eb9o \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e0nh v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i cho m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp c\u00e0nh l\u00e1 m\u1edbi. V\u00ec v\u1eady c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tu\u1ed5i c\u00e2y b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ebfm s\u1ed1 s\u1eb9o tr\u00ean c\u00e0nh theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c A= r+1 (A: tu\u1ed5i c\u00e2y, r: s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n r\u1ee5ng c\u00e0nh (s\u1ed1 s\u1eb9o tr\u00ean c\u00e0nh))<\/p>\n

K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e2y trung b\u00ecnh: Th\u00e2n tre cao 10m, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 5cm, l\u00f3ng d\u00e0i 25cm, v\u00e1ch th\u00e2n d\u1ea7y 0,6cm, th\u00e2n c\u00e2y t\u01b0\u01a1i n\u1eb7ng 6kg.<\/p>\n

Th\u00e2n ng\u1ea7m b\u00f2 lan trong \u0111\u1ea5t, th\u00e2n kh\u00ed sinh v\u00e0 th\u00e2n ng\u1ea7m m\u1edbi do m\u1ea7m \u1edf \u0111\u1ed1t th\u00e2n ng\u1ea7m m\u1eb9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ra, th\u00e2n ng\u1ea7m trung b\u00ecnh c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 2cm.<\/p>\n

Phi\u1ebfn l\u00e1 thu\u00f4n d\u00e0i, \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00fat nh\u1ecdn, \u0111u\u00f4i h\u00ecnh n\u00eam h\u01a1i t\u00f9; m\u1eb7t tr\u00ean nh\u1eb5n, m\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f3 l\u00f4ng t\u01a1, m\u00e9p c\u00f3 r\u0103ng s\u1eafc. Phi\u1ebfn l\u00e1 trung b\u00ecnh d\u00e0i 12 cm, r\u1ed9ng 1,5cm. Th\u00eca l\u00eca v\u00e0 tai b\u1eb9 l\u00e1 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh l\u00f4ng s\u1edbm r\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

B\u1eb9 mo h\u00ecnh chu\u00f4ng cao, \u0111\u1ec9nh h\u1eb9p. B\u1eb9 mo m\u1ecfng, m\u1ec1m, d\u1ebbo (kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i mo tre th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 r\u00f2n) m\u1eb7t trong c\u00f3 g\u00e2n d\u1ecdc n\u1ed5i r\u00f5, m\u1eb7t ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed1m ch\u1ea5m n\u00e2u \u0111en, c\u00f3 l\u00f4ng c\u1ee9ng m\u1ea7u n\u00e2u s\u1edbm r\u1ee5ng. B\u1eb9 mo trung b\u00ecnh cao 20cm, \u0111\u00e1y r\u1ed9ng 9cm.<\/p>\n

L\u00e1 mo h\u00ecnh ng\u1ecdn gi\u00e1o, nh\u1ecf, d\u00e0i, l\u1eadt ng\u1eeda (c\u1ee5p v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda l\u01b0ng mo). Tai mo v\u00e0 th\u00eca l\u00eca bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh l\u00f4ng d\u00e0i 1cm. L\u00e1 mo trung b\u00ecnh d\u00e0i 5cm, r\u1ed9ng 1cm.<\/p>\n

Hoa t\u1ef1 vi\u00ean chu\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e0nh, m\u1ea7u v\u00e0ng r\u01a1m \u0111\u1eadm, l\u00e1 b\u1eafc d\u1ea1ng mo c\u00f3 l\u00f4ng; Hoa ch\u00e9t c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u hoa. Hoa m\u1eabu 3, ch\u1ec9 nh\u1ecb r\u1eddi v\u00e0 d\u00e0i, bao ph\u1ea5n m\u1ea7u v\u00e0ng nh\u1ea1t, khi ch\u00edn bao ph\u1ea5n th\u00f2 ra ngo\u00e0i r\u0169 xu\u1ed1ng. Nhu\u1ef5 c\u00f3 b\u1ea7u h\u00ecnh thoi, \u0111\u1ea7u nhu\u1ef5 x\u1ebb 3, c\u00f3 l\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

2. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m sinh th\u00e1i <\/strong><\/p>\n

2.1. \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft cho r\u1eb1ng: T\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 14, \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o Dao t\u1eeb Trung Qu\u1ed1c do du canh du c\u01b0 sang Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a gi\u1ed1ng Tr\u00fac s\u00e0o v\u1ec1 tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf v\u00f9ng cao ph\u00eda B\u1eafc n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. Sau n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o T\u00e0y, N\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5y gi\u1ed1ng Tr\u00fac s\u00e0o c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o Dao \u1edf v\u00f9ng cao v\u1ec1 tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady Tr\u00fac s\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb v\u00f9ng cao lan r\u1ed9ng xu\u1ed1ng v\u00f9ng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00fac s\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec1u \u1edf Cao B\u1eb1ng, H\u00e0 Giang, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n, B\u1eafc C\u1ea1n, Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean, Qu\u1ea3ng Ninh. . .th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao tr\u00ean 800m – v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o Dao, M\u00e8o, T\u00e0y, N\u00f9ng sinh s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

V\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec1u Tr\u00fac S\u00e0o c\u00f3 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi v\u00f9ng n\u00fai cao, chia l\u00e0m hai m\u00f9a: M\u00f9a m\u01b0a n\u00f3ng; m\u00f9a kh\u00f4 l\u1ea1nh, th\u01b0\u1eddng hay c\u00f3 s\u01b0\u01a1ng mu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u00f3 tuy\u1ebft. S\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong 5 n\u0103m c\u1ee7a Tr\u1ea1m kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ng\u00e2n S\u01a1n (1050<\/sup>59′ kinh \u0111\u1ed9 \u0110\u00f4ng, 220<\/sup>26′ v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 B\u1eafc, cao 600m so v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n) cho bi\u1ebft: Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n h\u00e0ng n\u0103m l\u00e0 200<\/sup>C, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a h\u00e0ng n\u0103m 1343,6mm. M\u00f9a m\u01b0a n\u00f3ng t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 4 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 9, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 300<\/sup>C v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 8, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a 1045,2mm chi\u1ebfm 86% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a c\u1ea3 n\u0103m. M\u00f9a kh\u00f4 l\u1ea1nh t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 10 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m sau, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 50<\/sup>C v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng gi\u00eang, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a 263,4mm chi\u1ebfm 14% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a c\u1ea3 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3i n\u00fai cao, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c 10 \u0111\u1ebfn 300<\/sup>, cao 400 \u0111\u1ebfn 1400m so v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n. \u0110\u1ea5t Lateritic v\u00e0ng n\u00e2u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t lateritic c\u00f3 m\u00f9n tr\u00ean n\u00fai. \u0110\u00e1 m\u1eb9 l\u00e0 sa phi\u1ebfn th\u1ea1ch, \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i, Gneiss, phi\u1ebfn th\u1ea1ch Mica. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi nh\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ebfn trung b\u00ecnh. L\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1eb7t (0 \u0111\u1ebfn 10cm) t\u01a1i x\u1ed1p – H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1t v\u1eadt l\u00fd cao h\u01a1n l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t s\u00e2u v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u00e9t v\u1eadt l\u00fd l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t s\u00e2u. \u0110\u1ea5t c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u00ean v\u00e0 h\u1ea1t, c\u00f3 khi ph\u00e2n t\u1ea7ng kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t; \u0111\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e2u 80 \u0111\u1ebfn 100cm c\u00f3 n\u01a1i s\u00e2u t\u1edbi 130cm; t\u1ea7ng A m\u1ea7u x\u00e1m \u0111\u1ebfn x\u00e1m \u0111en, c\u00f3 n\u01a1i m\u1ea7u \u0111en; t\u1ea7ng B m\u1ea7u x\u00e1m n\u00e2u c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u00e1 l\u1eabn 4 \u0111\u1ebfn 10%. \u0110\u1ed9 pH(H2<\/sub>O) = 4,4 \u0111\u1ebfn 5,4<\/p>\n

2.2 \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3, sinh s\u1ea3n, sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Tr\u00fac s\u00e0o l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng th\u00e0nh r\u1eebng. Theo t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, Tr\u00fac s\u00e0o th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng thu\u1ea7n lo\u1ea1i r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c t\u1eebng \u0111\u00e1m 1 \u0111\u1ebfn 2ha \u1edf s\u01b0\u1eddn \u0111\u1ed3i, \u0111\u00e1m l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3ng 5 \u0111\u1ebfn 7ha; trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u00fang x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n v\u00e0o r\u1eebng g\u1ed7 ngh\u00e8o ki\u1ec7t \u1edf xung quanh t\u1ea1o n\u00ean r\u1eebng h\u1ed7n giao v\u1edbi c\u00e2y g\u1ed7, t\u1ea7ng tr\u00ean c\u00f3 Xoan r\u1eebng (Spondias dulcis<\/em>), Th\u00f4ng n\u00e0ng (Dacrycarpus imbricatus<\/em>). . . c\u00e2y g\u1ed7 c\u00f9ng t\u1ea7ng c\u00f3 Mu\u1ed3ng tr\u00e2u (Cassia alata<\/em>), Ch\u1eb9o (Engeldhartia chrysolepis<\/em>) .. . c\u00e2y nh\u1ecf, c\u00e2y c\u1ecf t\u1ea7ng d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f3 Ba b\u00e9t (Mallotus cochinchinensis<\/em>), Mu\u1ed1i \u0103n (Ardisia colorata<\/em>), Lau (Saccharum arundinaceum<\/em>), c\u1ecf tranh (Imperata cylindrica<\/em>).<\/p>\n

Quan s\u00e1t Tr\u00fac s\u00e0o tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9 cao so v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n kh\u00e1c nhau th\u1ea5y sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c nhau, Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ee9c H\u1eadu (1973) \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra \u0111o \u0111\u1ebfm nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 cao so v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n (m)<\/strong><\/td>\nTu\u1ed5i r\u1eebng<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh (cm)<\/strong><\/td>\nChi\u1ec1u cao (m)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
DMax<\/strong><\/td>\nDTB<\/strong><\/td>\nDMin<\/strong><\/td>\nHMax<\/strong><\/td>\nHTB<\/strong><\/td>\nHMin<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
S\u00e0o p\u00e8ng<\/td>\n1400<\/td>\n4<\/td>\n10,3<\/td>\n7,5<\/td>\n4,6<\/td>\n22,2<\/td>\n18,3<\/td>\n14,7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Th\u00f4n T\u00e0<\/td>\n1000<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n6,1<\/td>\n4,4<\/td>\n3,3<\/td>\n13,6<\/td>\n10,4<\/td>\n5,7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110\u00f4ng Pi\u1ec1u<\/td>\n700<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n6,4<\/td>\n3,5<\/td>\n0,5<\/td>\n12,5<\/td>\n9,3<\/td>\n5,6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Qua s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u \u1edf bi\u1ec3u tr\u00ean v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u1edf c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t: Th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf tr\u00ean 1000m [Nguy\u00ean B\u00ecnh(Cao B\u1eb1ng), Ho\u00e0ng Su Ph\u00ec (H\u00e0 Giang)] c\u00e2y to cao, d\u01b0\u1edbi 800m (th\u1ecb x\u00e3 B\u1eafc C\u1ea1n) Tr\u00fac s\u00e0o th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 nh\u1ecf.<\/p>\n

\u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u kho\u1ea3ng 30cm d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t th\u00e2n ng\u1ea7m b\u00f2 lan ch\u1eb1ng ch\u1ecbt v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ea7ng trong \u0111\u1ea5t, \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t d\u1ed1c th\u00e2n ng\u1ea7m b\u00f2 lan theo h\u01b0\u1edbng xu\u1ed1ng d\u1ed1c t\u1edbi 61,5%, theo h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i ngang l\u00e0 24,5%, theo h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i l\u00ean d\u1ed1c l\u00e0 14%. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1t ph\u1ea7n gi\u1eefa v\u00e0 ng\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n ng\u1ea7m tu\u1ed5i 1-2 c\u00f3 m\u1ea7m h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n, n\u1eb1m g\u1ecdn trong r\u00e3nh c\u1ee7a l\u00f3ng, s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh th\u00e2n kh\u00ed sinh v\u00e0 th\u00e2n ng\u1ea7m m\u1edbi (\u00edt c\u00f3 th\u00e2n ng\u1ea7m tu\u1ed5i gi\u00e0 sinh m\u0103ng), c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u00e2n ng\u1ea7m v\u1ecdt ra kh\u1ecfi t\u1ea5ng \u0111\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh c\u00e2y kh\u00ed sinh nh\u01b0ng r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 y\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n

M\u1ea7m m\u0103ng tr\u00ean th\u00e2n ng\u1ea7m h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng th\u00e1ng 8 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 11. M\u1ed7i n\u0103m c\u00f3 2 v\u1ee5 m\u0103ng: V\u1ee5 m\u0103ng xu\u00e2n l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh – t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 2 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 5, v\u1ee5 m\u0103ng thu l\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 – t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 8 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 10 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u0103ng v\u1ee5 xu\u00e2n ch\u01b0a l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Theo d\u00f5i \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 quan s\u00e1t s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u0103ng, Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ee9c H\u1eadu (1973) \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed trung b\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1t 16-180<\/sup>C tr\u1edf l\u00ean. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea1n d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00e0 100<\/sup>C kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 trong 10 ng\u00e0y. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0 18-190<\/sup>C. T\u00edch \u00f4n trong 10 ng\u00e0y l\u00e0 6.0000<\/sup>C tr\u1edf l\u00ean. M\u01b0a trong th\u00e1ng \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 8mm tr\u1edf l\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u00e0 85% tr\u1edf l\u00ean. M\u0103ng m\u1ecdc ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n tr\u00ean, trong \u0111\u00f3 2 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 t\u00edch \u00f4n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m m\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 m\u01b0a, do \u0111\u00f3 m\u0103ng th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ecdc r\u1ed9 sau m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ee3t m\u01b0a.<\/p>\n

M\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i v\u1ee5 th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u, c\u00f3 khi \u0111\u1ebfn 100%, gi\u1eefa v\u1ee5 th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ebft 10-20%, cao nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 50% do nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n: \u0110\u1ea7u v\u1ee5 th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u00e9t, cu\u1ed1i v\u1ee5 th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft th\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng, thi\u1ebfu dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u1ea1i s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh…gi\u1eefa v\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, \u0111\u1ee7 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i m\u0103ng. T\u1eeb khi m\u0103ng nh\u00fa kh\u1ecfi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 63 ng\u00e0y, th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 sau c\u00f9ng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1eadm, giai \u0111o\u1ea1n gi\u1eefa t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi 38,8cm trong m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam.<\/p>\n

S\u1ed1 c\u00e2y tr\u00ean 1 ha th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 15.000 c\u00e2y, c\u00f3 khi l\u00ean t\u1edbi 26.000 c\u00e2y. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 c\u00e2y \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p tu\u1ed5i tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i r\u1eebng. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra c\u1ee7a Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ee9c H\u1eadu (1973) nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i r\u1eebng<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0110\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec1u tra<\/strong><\/td>\nS\u1ed1 c\u00e2y tr\u00ean ha<\/strong><\/td>\nDTB<\/strong><\/td>\nHTB<\/strong><\/td>\nT\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 c\u00e2y \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u1ee1 tu\u1ed5i (%)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/strong><\/td>\n2<\/strong><\/td>\n3<\/strong><\/td>\n4<\/strong><\/td>\n5<\/strong><\/td>\n6<\/strong><\/td>\n7<\/strong><\/td>\n8<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
R\u1eebng \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n<\/td>\n\u0110\u00f4ng Pi\u1ec1u<\/td>\n26.167<\/td>\n3,5<\/td>\n9,4<\/td>\n18.5<\/td>\n24.8<\/td>\n42.0<\/td>\n12.8<\/td>\n1.9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
R\u1eebng \u0111\u00e3 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/td>\nS\u00e0o P\u00e8ng<\/td>\n15.500<\/td>\n7,5<\/td>\n18,4<\/td>\n8.0<\/td>\n14.0<\/td>\n26.0<\/td>\n20.0<\/td>\n18.0<\/td>\n8.0<\/td>\n4.0<\/td>\n2.0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a Tr\u00fac s\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 8 n\u0103m. Tr\u00fac s\u00e0o r\u1ee5ng l\u00e1 h\u00e0ng n\u0103m n\u00ean t\u00e1n l\u00e1 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e0nh th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00fac s\u00e0o c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ra hoa r\u1ed3i ch\u1ebft t\u1eebng c\u00e2y ho\u1eb7c t\u1eebng \u0111\u00e1m nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea1t. Sau khi ra hoa, c\u00e2y ch\u1ebft, n\u1ebfu r\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c th\u00ec th\u00e2n ng\u1ea7m l\u1ea1i t\u00e1i sinh cho th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 r\u1eebng m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

3. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/strong><\/p>\n

Th\u00e2n Tr\u00fac s\u00e0o th\u1eb3ng, tr\u00f2n, \u00f3ng v\u00e0 d\u1ebbo n\u00ean d\u1ec5 u\u1ed1n; \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u00f4ng ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u00ec th\u00e2n Tr\u00fac s\u00e0o c\u00f3 m\u1ea7u v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1eb9p; v\u00ec v\u1eady, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng Tr\u00fac s\u00e0o l\u00e0m b\u00e0n gh\u1ebf, g\u1eady tr\u01b0\u1ee3t tuy\u1ebft, s\u00e0o nh\u1ea9y, c\u1ea7n c\u00e2u. Ph\u1ea7n th\u1ecbt tr\u1eafng, m\u1ecbn (b\u00f3 m\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4 c\u1ee9ng) n\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m nan \u0111an m\u00e0nh, chi\u1ebfu ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft th\u1ea3m, chi\u1ebfu tr\u1ea3i gi\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb9p. C\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o m\u1ea7u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n, Tr\u00fac s\u00e0o c\u00f3 3 d\u1ea1ng: Tr\u00fac v\u00e0ng, Tr\u00fac xanh, Tr\u00fac m\u00e8o (tr\u00fac m\u1ed1c). \u0110\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u00e0nh, tr\u00fac xanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 v\u00ec sau khi s\u1ea5y m\u00e0nh tr\u00fac b\u00f3ng h\u01a1n. Ng\u1ecdn Tr\u00fac s\u00e0o c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e0nh n\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn t\u1eeb Tr\u00fac s\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ea5t \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng, l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n h\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u quan tr\u1ecdng trong m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng M\u00e2y tre n\u00f3i chung. V\u00e0o th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 70-80, h\u00e0ng Tr\u00fac xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u sang Li\u00ean X\u00f4 c\u1ee7a Cao B\u1eb1ng, B\u1eafc C\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea1t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb 2 tri\u1ec7u r\u00fap\/ n\u0103m; nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea1t huy ch\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0ng t\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee3 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. C\u00f3 gia \u0111\u00ecnh tr\u1ed3ng Tr\u00fac h\u00e0ng n\u0103m thu ho\u1ea1ch 5-10 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng. M\u0103ng Tr\u00fac s\u00e0o \u0103n ngon v\u00e0 ng\u1ecdt nh\u01b0ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p (m\u0103ng nh\u1ecf). C\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng Tr\u00fac s\u00e0o l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u gi\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n

4. \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng.<\/strong><\/p>\n

4.1 K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt kinh doanh <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

4.1.1. G\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng<\/em><\/p>\n

* Gi\u1ed1ng, th\u1eddi v\u1ee5 tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh n\u01a1i tr\u1ed3ng<\/p>\n

\u0110inh V\u0103n T\u1ef1 (1999) theo d\u00f5i r\u1eebng Tr\u00fac s\u00e0o tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf Ho\u00e0 B\u00ecnh c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Lo\u1ea1i gi\u1ed1ng tr\u1ed3ng<\/strong><\/td>\nTh\u00e1ng\/n\u0103m tr\u1ed3ng<\/strong><\/td>\nTh\u00e1ng\/n\u0103m \u0111o<\/strong><\/td>\nT\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1ng (%)<\/strong><\/td>\nS\u1ed1 m\u0103ng<\/strong><\/td>\nT\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hom th\u00e2n ng\u1ea7m 25-30cm c\u00f3 1-2 m\u1ea7m<\/td>\n10\/98<\/td>\n6\/99<\/td>\n50<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nKh\u00e1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hom th\u00e2n ng\u1ea7m 30-40cm c\u00f3 2-3 m\u1ea7m<\/td>\n3\/97<\/td>\n10\/97<\/td>\n70<\/td>\n1-2<\/td>\nTrung b\u00ecnh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hom th\u00e2n ng\u1ea7m 50-60cm c\u00f3 3-5 m\u1ea7m<\/td>\n3\/97<\/td>\n10\/97<\/td>\n71<\/td>\n1-3<\/td>\nT\u1ed1t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u01af\u01a1m trong t\u00fai b\u1ea7u 1 n\u0103m c\u00f3 1-2 th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 m\u0103ng, cao 20-30cm<\/td>\n3\/97<\/td>\n10\/97<\/td>\n90<\/td>\n0<\/td>\nT\u1ed1t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C\u00e2y 2 tu\u1ed5i c\u00f3 1 \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u00e2n ng\u1ea7m v\u00e0 1 \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u00e2n kh\u00ed sinh 60cm<\/td>\n3\/97<\/td>\n10\/97<\/td>\n100<\/td>\n0<\/td>\nT\u1ed1t, ch\u1eadm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Th\u1eddi v\u1ee5 tr\u1ed3ng<\/strong><\/td>\nT\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1ng(%)<\/strong><\/td>\nR\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng 2 tu\u1ed5i<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
S\u1ed1 m\u0103ng\/g\u1ed1c<\/strong><\/td>\nDTB (cm)<\/strong><\/td>\nHTB (m)<\/strong><\/td>\nT\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ST<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
V\u1ee5 Xu\u00e2n (1997)<\/td>\n60<\/td>\n2-4<\/td>\n2.0<\/td>\n2.25<\/td>\nKh\u00e1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
V\u1ee5 Thu (1997)<\/td>\n50<\/td>\n1-3<\/td>\n1.9<\/td>\n2.04<\/td>\nTrung b\u00ecnh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u01af\u01a1m v\u1ee5 thu (1997) tr\u1ed3ng v\u1ee5 xu\u00e2n (1998<\/td>\n72<\/td>\n2-4<\/td>\n2.2<\/td>\n2.42<\/td>\nT\u1ed1t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Lo\u1ea1i r\u1eebng<\/strong><\/td>\nS\u01b0\u1eddn d\u1ed1c 250<\/sup><\/strong><\/td>\nS\u01b0\u1eddn d\u1ed1c 450<\/sup><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
DTB (cm)<\/strong><\/td>\nHTB(m)<\/strong><\/td>\nDTB (cm)<\/strong><\/td>\nHTB(m)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
R\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng 1 tu\u1ed5i<\/td>\n0.8<\/td>\n0.91<\/td>\n0.6<\/td>\n0.79<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
R\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng 2 tu\u1ed5i<\/td>\n1.4<\/td>\n1.56<\/td>\n1.0<\/td>\n1.05<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
R\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng 3 tu\u1ed5i<\/td>\n2.1<\/td>\n2.35<\/td>\n1.5<\/td>\n1.73<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

*D\u1eabn d\u1ee5: L\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n ng\u1ea7m, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t quang, x\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t… xung quanh \u00f4 tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec3 Tr\u00fac s\u00e0o lan nhanh ra xung quanh di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n

* Tr\u1ed3ng xen: + Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng xen c\u00e2y n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p (ng\u00f4, \u0111\u1ed7 . . .)<\/p>\n

+ C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng c\u00e2y H\u00f4ng (Paulownia fortunei<\/em>) ho\u1eb7c Tr\u1ea9u (Vernicia <\/em>montana<\/em>) tr\u1ed3ng h\u1ed7n giao v\u1edbi Tr\u00fac s\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

* Ch\u0103m s\u00f3c: Sau khi tr\u1ed3ng 3-4 n\u0103m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1eb7t nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng; sau 7-8 n\u0103m c\u1ea7n s\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t; r\u1eebng 20-30 tu\u1ed5i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u00f3c b\u1edbt l\u1edbp th\u00e2n ng\u1ea7m gi\u00e0.<\/p>\n

4.1.2. Khai th\u00e1c:<\/em>Sau khi tr\u1ed3ng 5-6 n\u0103m l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o khai th\u00e1c, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c chung v\u1eabn l\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c ch\u1ecdn t\u1eebng c\u00e2y, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1eb7t h\u1ebft c\u00e2y t\u1eeb tu\u1ed5i 4 tr\u1edf l\u00ean v\u00e0 chu k\u1ef3 l\u00e0 3 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

4.2. Hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Nhu c\u1ea7u d\u00f9ng Tr\u00fac s\u00e0o l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, v\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n nay kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 cung c\u1ea5p; v\u00ec v\u1eady, nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 khai th\u00e1c l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y non n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cho r\u1eebng t\u00e1i sinh. Cao B\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e3 qui ho\u1ea1ch h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n ha \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng Tr\u00fac, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ph\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea5u s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Tr\u00fac s\u00e0o h\u00e0ng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea1t 30 tri\u1ec7u c\u00e2y c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i. S\u1edf N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n N\u00f4ng th\u00f4n Cao B\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e3 ra qui tr\u00ecnh tr\u1ed3ng Tr\u00fac s\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi mong mu\u1ed1n cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh tr\u1ed3ng Tr\u00fac S\u00e0o, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u0103m d\u00f2 t\u1ea1o gi\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng th\u00e2n kh\u00ed sinh, b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y m\u00f4 nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ebfn nay ch\u01b0a th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

C\u0169ng mong mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng Tr\u00fac, t\u1eeb 1996 \u0111\u1ebfn 1999 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u di th\u1ef1c Tr\u00fac s\u00e0o t\u1eeb Cao B\u1eb1ng v\u1ec1 Ho\u00e0 B\u00ecnh do \u0110inh V\u0103n T\u1ef1 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec7m, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau theo d\u00f5i<\/strong><\/td>\n\n

N\u01a1i tr\u1ed3ng<\/h2>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Ho\u00e0 B\u00ecnh<\/strong><\/td>\nCao B\u1eb1ng<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh n\u0103m (0<\/sup>C)<\/td>\n23.5<\/td>\n21.3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m (%)<\/td>\n82<\/td>\n85<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
L\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a trung b\u00ecnh n\u0103m (mm)<\/td>\n1412<\/td>\n2171<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110\u1ed9 cao so v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n<\/td>\n300<\/td>\n600<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1ng (%)<\/td>\n– Tr\u1ed3ng v\u1ee5 Xu\u00e2n<\/p>\n

– Tr\u1ed3ng v\u1ee5 Thu<\/td>\n

70<\/p>\n

50<\/td>\n

80<\/p>\n

62<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i (m) trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n ng\u1ea7m \u1edf r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng<\/td>\n– 1 tu\u1ed5i<\/p>\n

– 2 tu\u1ed5i<\/p>\n

– 3 tu\u1ed5i<\/td>\n

0.8<\/p>\n

1.6<\/p>\n

2.0<\/td>\n

1.2<\/p>\n

2.1<\/p>\n

2.5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Tr\u00ean 1 g\u1ed1c tr\u1ed3ng sau 3 n\u0103m<\/td>\n– S\u1ed1 m\u0103ng<\/p>\n

– S\u1ed1 th\u00e2n ng\u1ea7m<\/td>\n

3-5<\/p>\n

3-6<\/td>\n

5-7<\/p>\n

4-7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh trung b\u00ecnh (cm) \u1edf r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng<\/td>\n– 1 tu\u1ed5i<\/p>\n

– 2 tu\u1ed5i<\/p>\n

– 3 tu\u1ed5i<\/td>\n

0.7<\/p>\n

1.5<\/p>\n

1.7<\/td>\n

1.3<\/p>\n

1.8<\/p>\n

2.5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Chi\u1ec1u cao trung b\u00ecnh (m) \u1edf r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng<\/td>\n– 1 tu\u1ed5i<\/p>\n

– 2 tu\u1ed5i<\/p>\n

– 3 tu\u1ed5i<\/td>\n

0.68<\/p>\n

2.11<\/p>\n

3.05<\/td>\n

1.24<\/p>\n

3.06<\/p>\n

3.57<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Qua s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u \u1edf b\u1ea3ng tr\u00ean cho th\u1ea5y \u1edf Ho\u00e0 B\u00ecnh c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh h\u00e0ng n\u0103m cao h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a \u00edt h\u01a1n \u1edf Cao B\u1eb1ng; tuy tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t Feralitic nh\u01b0ng Tr\u00fac s\u00e0o tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf Ho\u00e0 B\u00ecnh sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng k\u00e9m h\u01a1n tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf Cao B\u1eb1ng.<\/p>\n

Trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u1ed3ng m\u1edbi 5 tri\u1ec7u ha r\u1eebng, Tr\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng cho c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0110\u00f4ng B\u1eafc, Trung t\u00e2m B\u1eafc b\u1ed9, T\u00e2y B\u1eafc.<\/p>\n

5. Khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb<\/strong><\/p>\n

– Tr\u00fac s\u00e0o l\u00e0 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho v\u00f9ng cao c\u00f3 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0110\u00f4ng B\u1eafc, Trung t\u00e2m B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 T\u00e2y B\u1eafc; n\u00ean khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u1ed3ng Tr\u00fac s\u00e0o m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u, t\u0103ng thu nh\u1eadp cho \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n xo\u00e1 \u0111\u00f3i gi\u1ea3m ngh\u00e8o.<\/p>\n

– Kh\u00f4ng qui ho\u1ea1ch tr\u1ed3ng Tr\u00fac s\u00e0o n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ed3i tr\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ea5t d\u1ed1c, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

– Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, gi\u1ed1ng tr\u1ed3ng duy nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u00e2n ng\u1ea7m. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1ng cao n\u00ean d\u00f9ng gi\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u00e2n ng\u1ea7m tu\u1ed5i 2 c\u00f3 mang m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u00e2n kh\u00ed sinh ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0\u01a1m trong v\u01b0\u1eddn.<\/p>\n

– Tr\u1ed3ng v\u1ee5 Xu\u00e2n c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1ng cao, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng v\u1ee5 thu n\u1ebfu gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 qua giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u01b0\u01a1m \u1edf v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m.<\/p>\n

– Trong khi ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng qui tr\u00ecnh tr\u1ed3ng Tr\u00fac s\u00e0o c\u1ee7a S\u1edf N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n N\u00f4ng th\u00f4n Cao B\u1eb1ng cho nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1.<\/p>\n

– Tr\u00fac s\u00e0o tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf v\u00f9ng cao c\u00f3 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eb7t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111i l\u1ea1i, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 tho\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1ng v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u1ed3ng Tr\u00fac s\u00e0o c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eb7t, trong \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 kh\u00e2u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n nh\u1ea5t v\u00ec v\u1eeba qua nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 t\u1ea1o gi\u1ed1ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea1t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/h1>\n

1. B\u1ed9 L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p – Th\u00f4ng tin chuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf s\u1ed1 2 n\u0103m 1985.<\/p>\n

2. \u0110inh V\u0103n T\u1ef1, 1999 – Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 di th\u1ef1c c\u00e2y Tr\u00fac s\u00e0o t\u1eeb Cao B\u1eb1ng v\u1ec1 Ho\u00e0 B\u00ecnh (B\u00e1o c\u00e1o khoa h\u1ecdc).<\/p>\n

3. Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ee9c H\u1eadu , 1973 – M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh sinh v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y Tr\u00fac \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t b\u1eafc (B\u00e1o c\u00e1o khoa h\u1ecdc)<\/p>\n

Nguy\u1ec5n T\u1eed \u01af\u1edfng<\/strong> <\/em><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/strong> <\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Trúc sào là lo\u1ea1i tre không gai, lá nh\u1ecf, m\u1ecdc phân tán t\u1eebng cây \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c – thân ng\u1ea7m d\u1ea1ng roi, thân khí sinh không có ng\u1ecdn cong r\u1ee7. Thân khí sinh th\u1eb3ng, tán th\u01b0a, ph\u1ea7n thân không có cành thì tròn \u0111\u1ec1u; vòng thân không n\u1ed5i rõ, vòng mo là m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1edd; Ph\u1ea7n thân có cành thì không tròn \u0111\u1ec1u; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[15,18],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/162"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=162"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/162\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19232,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/162\/revisions\/19232"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=162"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=162"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=162"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}