{"id":14968,"date":"2015-04-20T11:06:19","date_gmt":"2015-04-20T04:06:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/?p=14968"},"modified":"2015-04-20T11:06:19","modified_gmt":"2015-04-20T04:06:19","slug":"bao-cao-ket-qua-de-tai-nghien-cuu-ung-dung-cong-nghe-gene-de-tao-cay-thong-co-kha-nang-chong-chiu-cao-voi-sau-rom","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/bao-cao-ket-qua-de-tai-nghien-cuu-ung-dung-cong-nghe-gene-de-tao-cay-thong-co-kha-nang-chong-chiu-cao-voi-sau-rom\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u00e1o c\u00e1o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i: Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 gene \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu cao v\u1edbi s\u00e2u r\u00f3m"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 V\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00ecnh Tu\u1ea5n, Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n C\u01b0\u1eddng\u00a0; L\u00ea Th\u1ecb Huy\u1ec1n Thanh; <\/i><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Phan Th\u1ecb M\u1ef5 Lan\u00a0; \u0110\u1ed7 Ti\u1ebfn Ph\u00e1t\u00a0, \u0110inh Th\u1ecb Ph\u00f2ng\u00a0 c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c vi\u00ean kh\u00e1c.<\/i><\/p>\n

. M\u1ede \u0110\u1ea6U:<\/b><\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng ta hay th\u00f4ng hai l\u00e1, c\u00f3 t\u00ean khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 Pinus merkusii<\/i> Jungh & Vriese. Th\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i th\u00f4ng nh\u1ecb\u00eat \u0111\u1edbi, thu\u1ed9c chi Pinus, h\u1ecd Pinaceae., c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba ngh\u00e8o dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ecb tho\u00e1i ho\u00e1. \u1ede n\u01b0\u1edbc ta, th\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3i ngh\u00e8o ki\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a H\u00e0 T\u00e2y, Qu\u1ea3ng ninh, Ph\u00fa th\u1ecd, Thanh ho\u00e1, Ngh\u1ec7 an, H\u00e0 T\u0129nh, Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh, Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb, Hu\u1ebf v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng \u1edf T\u00e2y nguy\u00ean. Th\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c nh\u1ef1a. Nh\u1ef1a th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u01a1n, ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y, r\u1eeda v.v..Ngo\u00e0i ra, g\u1ed7 th\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a do c\u00f3 v\u00e2n \u0111\u1eb9p n\u00ean c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng m\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7, \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ed9c, trong x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1ea5y. Ngo\u00e0i ra, do kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3i tr\u1ecdc, ngh\u00e8o dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, th\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 c\u00e2y gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, che ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n

L\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ef1a th\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 2000 l\u00e0 10.000t\u1ea5n. Th\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00e2y xo\u00e1 \u0111\u00f3i, gi\u1ea3m ngh\u00e8o cho nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3i n\u00fai kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong m\u1ea5y n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, nhi\u1ec1u r\u1eebng th\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i t\u00e0n ph\u00e1, g\u00e2y n\u00ean nh\u1eefng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i s\u00e2u h\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a k\u00eau c\u1ee9u trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u00e2n \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u00e2u r\u00f3m (Dendrolimus punctatus<\/i> Walker). S\u00e2u r\u00f3m \u0111i th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0103n tr\u1ee5i l\u00e1 th\u00f4ng, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t nh\u1ef1a th\u00f4ng. Theo th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kinh doanh th\u00f4ng H\u00e0 T\u0129nh, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u0103m 2000 l\u00e0 1.350 t\u1ea5n, tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u0103m 2001, do b\u1ecb s\u00e2u r\u00f3m ph\u00e1 h\u1ea1i, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ef1a ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea1t 680 t\u1ea5n. H\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c ng\u00e0n hecta th\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng b\u1ecb s\u00e2u r\u00f3m t\u00e0n ph\u00e1, g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t ra m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ee9c x\u00fac cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecdn t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng gi\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu cao v\u1edbi s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 s\u00e2u r\u00f3m n\u00f3i ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n cho nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n gi\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u01a1 quan nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty gi\u1ed1ng l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p, Trung t\u00e2m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y r\u1eebng (Vi\u1ec7n khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam), c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p v.v\u2026. Nh\u1eefng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y r\u1eebng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, do \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e0i ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y r\u1eebng n\u00ean cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a n\u00e0o ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi s\u00e2u r\u00f3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh lai t\u1ea1o theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc, trong \u0111\u00f3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chuy\u1ec3n gene \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng to l\u1edbn trong c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y, nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng mang nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n, nh\u01b0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00edch ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n s\u1ed1ng b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i v.v.. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n gia t\u0103ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00e0 r\u00fat ng\u1eafn th\u1eddi gian t\u1ea1o gi\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e2y l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p-lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

Xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u201cNghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 gene \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu cao v\u1edbi s\u00e2u r\u00f3m<\/i><\/b>\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho ph\u00e9p th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

II. M\u1ee4C TI\u00caU C\u1ee6A \u0110\u1ec0 T\u00c0I:<\/b><\/p>\n

(i)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 L\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u00e1i sinh c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n invitro tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp <\/i><\/b>qua <\/i>nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y h\u1ea1t tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh, \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u00e2n, m\u1ea9u l\u00e1 ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp <\/i><\/b>th\u00f4ng qua m\u00f4 s\u1eb9o\/ph\u00f4i, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 chuy\u1ec3n gene <\/b><\/i>.<\/p>\n

(ii)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chuy\u1ec3n gene<\/i><\/b> (chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c gene ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb nh\u01b0 gus, gene kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng sinh (Kanamycine\/Hygromycine) b\u1eb1ng <\/i>\u00a0vi khu\u1ea9n Agrobacterium v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n b\u1eafn gene ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 chuy\u1ec3n gene m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau Bt (cry 1Ab).<\/i>.<\/p>\n

(iii)T\u1ea1o c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a kh\u00e1ng s\u00e2u r\u00f3m b\u1eb1ng chuy\u1ec3n gene Bt (cryIAb\/ Ac)<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

\"15-04-20<\/a><\/p>\n

III. N\u1ed8I DUNG V\u00c0 PH\u01af\u01a0NG PH\u00c1P NGHI\u00caN C\u1ee8U<\/b>:<\/p>\n

1. N\u1ed9i dung nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/b> : g\u1ed3m 3 n\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n

(i). Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1ea1o c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a invitro b\u1eb1ng nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o :<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

(a)T\u1ea1o c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a invitro b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u00e1i sinh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb h\u1ea1t, ch\u1ed3i ng\u1ecdn, \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u00e2n, m\u1ea3nh l\u00e1.<\/p>\n

(b)T\u1ea1o c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u00e1i sinh gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp: th\u00f4ng qua m\u00f4 s\u1eb9o\/ ph\u00f4i soma t\u1eeb m\u1eabu v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

\u00a0(ii). Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chuy\u1ec3n gene v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 chuy\u1ec3n gene:<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/i><\/b>(a) Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chuy\u1ec3n gene v\u00e0o th\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a.<\/p>\n

*Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec3n gene : S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng vi khu\u1ea9n Agrobacterium tumefaciences v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n b\u1eafn gene.<\/i>.<\/p>\n

*C\u00e1c gene nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u: gene ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb uidA (gus), gene ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc: kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng sinh kanamycin; gene m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau: nh\u00f3m gene Bt (cry1Ab\/cry1Ac<\/i>).<\/p>\n

(b) Ki\u1ec3m tra hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec3n gene b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nhu\u1ed9m v\u1edbi h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng PCR v\u00e0 lai southern.<\/p>\n

(iii). \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a mang gene kh\u00e1ng s\u00e2u r\u00f3m trong nh\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1edbi\/ nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh v\u1ec1:<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

(a)\u00a0 <\/i>T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1ng (%).<\/p>\n

(b)\u00a0 <\/i>M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi s\u00e2u r\u00f3m.(t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 %).<\/p>\n

(c)\u00a0 <\/i>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i c\u00e2y chuy\u1ec3n gene.<\/p>\n

(d)\u00a0 S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gene.<\/p>\n

2. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u:<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0(i) Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9uk\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1ea1o c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a invitro b\u1eb1ng nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o:<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

– Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y invitro \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i; trong \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eadt l\u1ecb\u1ec7u th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0 ph\u00f4i non, ph\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh, \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u00e2n, m\u1ea3nh l\u00e1 v.v. \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng nh\u01b0 HgCl2<\/sub>, NaOCl, C\u1ed3n 70, n\u01b0\u1edbc oxy gi\u00e0, r\u1ed3i tr\u00e1ng b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea5t v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng 4-5 l\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u1ea5y nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tru\u1eddng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng (c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u1edf t\u1eebng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m) v\u00e0 nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 250<\/sup>C \u00b110<\/sup>C v\u1edbi 16g s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 8 gi\u1edd t\u1ed1i hay t\u1ed1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n tu\u1ef3 theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m. pH m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y: 5,5. C\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed theo kh\u1ed1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m SPSS 16.1<\/p>\n

\u00a0(ii). Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chuy\u1ec3n gene v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 chuy\u1ec3n gene:<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

-K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chuy\u1ec3n gene b\u1eb1ng vi khu\u1ea9n Agrobacterium v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n b\u1eafn gene \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n gene b\u1eb1ng vi khu\u1ea9n Agrobacterium tumefaciens<\/i> nh\u01b0 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 vi khu\u1ea9n, ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng kh\u00e1ng sinh, th\u1eddi gian l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m, n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 acetosyringone, lo\u1ea1i m\u1eabu v\u1eadt, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc v.v\u2026\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u k\u1ef9 .<\/p>\n

-Ki\u1ec3m tra hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n gene chuy\u1ec3n: Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n gene th\u00f4ng qua k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhu\u1ed9m v\u1edbi X-gluc; t\u00e1ch chi\u1ebft AND \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng PCR v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ed3i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c gene s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng (uidA, nptII, cry 1Ab). S\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c band, v\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng s\u1ebd c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebfn n\u1ea1p gene m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau. Lai Southern nh\u1eb1m c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a gene tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ch ADN. Nh\u1eefng m\u1eabu th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n gene s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u00e1i sinh c\u00e2y xanh. Qua c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng PCR v\u1edbi m\u1ed3i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng gene uidA, nptII v\u00e0 cry 1Ab s\u1ebd x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1 gene \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn<\/p>\n

.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

(iii). \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a mang gene kh\u00e1ng s\u00e2u r\u00f3m trong nh\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1edbi\/ nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh:<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

-\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m sinh h\u1ecdc: thu th\u1eadp v\u00e0 nu\u00f4i s\u00e2u r\u00f3m trong nh\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1edbi. L\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m c\u00e2y bi\u1ebfn n\u1ea1p gene v\u1edbi s\u00e2u non tu\u1ed5i 2-3. C\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebfn n\u1ea1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i c\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

3. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u:<\/b><\/p>\n

–<\/b>H\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a 6 gia \u0111\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a (2, 6, 29, 31, 44 v\u00e0 54), \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Trung t\u00e2m gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y r\u1eebng (Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam) ch\u1ecdn ra t\u1eeb t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n gi\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 d\u00f2ng tr\u1ed9i c\u00f3 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t nh\u1ef1a cao, sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 b\u1ecb s\u00e2u r\u00f3m g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1ec9nh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

-Ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t: L\u00e0 c\u00e1c ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 Sigma, Merck, Fermentas, Duchefa, Wako c\u00f3 uy t\u00edn l\u1edbn tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t cho nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed.<\/p>\n

-C\u00e1c vectors c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho chuy\u1ec3n gene: Ph\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gene cry 1Ab<\/i> v\u00e0 uidA<\/i> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9a trong plasmid pCAMBIA 2301-UBI-Bt t\u1eeb GS. Altosaar, tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Ottawa,Canada.<\/p>\n

-D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n: \u0111\u1ea1t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.: m\u00e1y ly t\u00e2m l\u1ea1nh (\u0110\u1ee9c), T\u1ee7 \u1ea5m (\u0110\u1ee9c), m\u00e1y l\u1eafc c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 (Nh\u1eadt), C\u00e2n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111o pH (Thu\u1ef5 s\u1ef9), m\u00e1y c\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc (Anh) v.v..<\/p>\n

4. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m & ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea<\/b>: Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed theo kh\u1ed1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean, \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 3 l\u1ea7n l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m SPSS ver.16.1<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

IV. M\u1ed8T S\u1ed0 K\u1ebeT QU\u1ea2 \u00a0NGHI\u00caN C\u1ee8U \u0110\u00c3 \u0110\u1ea0T \u0110\u01af\u1ee2C (2006 -2010).<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/b><\/p>\n

1. <\/i>N\u1ed9i dung1:Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1ea1o c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a invitro b\u1eb1ng nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o:<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

*Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng<\/i><\/b>.<\/i> <\/b><\/p>\n

K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng m\u1eabu c\u1ea5y, cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eeda h\u1ea1t d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00f2i n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e1y 1-2 gi\u1edd r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng c\u1ed3n 70 trong 5 ph\u00fat . Sau \u0111\u00f3 x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc Javen 60% trong 15 ph\u00fat, tr\u00e1ng b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea5t 4 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 h\u1ea1t n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m l\u00ean 75-80% tu\u1ef3 theo d\u00f2ng.<\/p>\n

Quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m sau.<\/p>\n

*<\/i><\/b> <\/i><\/b>Nghi<\/i><\/b>\u00ea<\/i><\/b>n<\/i><\/b> <\/i><\/b>c\u1ee9u<\/i><\/b> <\/i><\/b>k\u1ef9<\/i><\/b> <\/i><\/b>thu\u1eadt<\/i><\/b> <\/i><\/b>t\u1ea1o<\/i><\/b> <\/i><\/b>ch\u1ed3i<\/i><\/b> <\/i><\/b>ch\u1ed3i<\/i><\/b> <\/i><\/b>tr\u1ef1c<\/i><\/b> <\/i><\/b>ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb c\u1ea5y ph\u00f4i h\u1ea1t tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh<\/i><\/b>.<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/i>a. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y.<\/i><\/p>\n

K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m th\u0103m d\u00f2 cho th\u1ea5y kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o ch\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u1eabu nh\u01b0 ch\u1ed3i ng\u1ecdn r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p; trong khi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u1eabu nh\u01b0 m\u1ea3nh l\u00e1, \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u00e2n ch\u01b0a th\u1ea5y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o ch\u1ed3i. V\u00ec th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u01b0u ti\u00ean kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o ch\u1ed3i t\u1eeb ph\u00f4i h\u1ea1t tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n: MS (Murashige& Skoog.1962); DCR (Gupta& Durzan.1985) ; TE (Tang et al.2001) v\u00e0 MLV (Litvay et al.1985). K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cho th\u1ea5y \u1edf 30 ng\u00e0y sau c\u1ea5y (NSC), trong s\u1ed1 4 lo\u1ea1i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, nh\u1eefng m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5y tr\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng MLV c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1ea1o ch\u1ed3i cao nh\u1ea5t (84,15%) so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c quan s\u00e1t \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 60 NSC \u0111\u00e3 ghi nh\u1eadn t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1ea1o ch\u1ed3i \u1edf m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng TE cho t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1ea1o ch\u1ed3i v\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00ean (60,56%), trong khi \u1edf m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng MLV, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 53,8%. Tuy nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 ch\u1ed3i trung b\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o tr\u00ean m\u1eabu c\u1ea5y, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 chi\u1ec1u cao ch\u1ed3i gi\u1eefa hai lo\u1ea1i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, qua th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng TE hay MLV c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ed1t trong t\u1ea1o ch\u1ed3i\/ c\u1ee5m ch\u1ed3i th\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a.<\/p>\n

b.Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 BA, NAA \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o ch\u1ed3i.<\/i><\/p>\n

N\u0103m n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a BA (0; 1; 2; 3; 4;v\u00e0 5 mg\/l) , c\u00f3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p NAA trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng TE \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong t\u1ea1o ch\u1ed3i, c\u1ee5m ch\u1ed3i th\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a..<\/p>\n

K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0, n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 BA (4mg\/l) c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1ea1o ch\u1ed3i cao nh\u1ea5t (80%). N\u1ebfu n\u00e2ng n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 BA l\u00ean 5,0m\/l, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1ea1o ch\u1ed3i c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u1ea3m (53,33%). Khi kh\u00f4ng b\u1ed5 sung BA, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1ea1o ch\u1ed3i r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p (20%), nh\u01b0ng s\u1ed1 ch\u1ed3i trung b\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1t 6 ch\u1ed3i\/ m\u1eabu c\u1ea5y. S\u1ed1 ch\u1ed3i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf nh\u1eefng l\u1ea7n quan s\u00e1t sau v\u00e0 l\u1ee5i d\u1ea7n r\u1ed3i ch\u1ebft. Khi k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p NAA (0,7mg\/l) v\u1edbi BA(4,0mg\/l) c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u00edch th\u00edch t\u1ea1o ch\u1ed3i cao nh\u1ea5t (66,67%).<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i c\u0169ng ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p BA v\u00e0 TDZ.Tuy nhi\u00ean k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u00ean th\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a cho th\u1ea5y TDZ kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebf k\u00edch th\u00edch t\u1ea1o ch\u1ed3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u1edf nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ed5 sung TDZ ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 BA, ph\u00f4i ch\u00edn v\u1eabn t\u1ea1o ch\u1ed3i v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 kh\u00e1 (66,67%). B\u1ed5 sung 0,1-0,5mg\/l TDZ c\u00f3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1ea1o ch\u1ed3i l\u00ean 80%, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 \u00fd gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ee9c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n

Sau khi t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ed3i, vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u0103ng chi\u1ec1u cao ch\u1ed3i c\u0169ng h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00e2y con v\u01b0\u01a1n ch\u1ed3i, 1,0mg\/l GA3<\/sub> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y v\u00e0 ghi nh\u1eadn t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng k\u00edch th\u00edch ch\u1ed3i th\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u01a1n t\u1edbi 3,0cm sau 50 ng\u00e0y x\u1eed l\u00fd.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5t k\u00edch th\u00edch ra r\u1ec5 (NAA&IBA)\u00a0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 ghi nh\u1eadn t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ra cao nh\u1ea5t khi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng 1,0mg\/l NAA l\u00e0 49,7% trong khi \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 0,5 mg\/l IBA, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ra r\u1ec5 l\u00e0 68,9%.<\/p>\n

*Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ea1o ch\u1ed3i invitro t\u1eeb nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y ph\u00f4i non th\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a t\u1ea1o t\u1ebf b\u00e0o soma.<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong chuy\u1ec3n gene v\u00e0o th\u00f4ng l\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng ti\u1ec1n ph\u00f4i soma. Ti\u1ec1n ph\u00f4i soma c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y ph\u00f4i non tr\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng. Sau khi t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t sinh ph\u00f4i, nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t sinh ph\u00f4i n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n nhanh \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ee7 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u cho chuy\u1ec3n gene. V\u00ec m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a chuy\u1ec3n gene l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2y con mang gene chuy\u1ec3n. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3i t\u00e1i sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh c\u00e2y con mang gene m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau cho c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kh\u00e1c. V\u00ec th\u1ebf c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u00e1i sinh c\u00e2y con t\u1eeb nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y ph\u00f4i non. C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1o c\u00e2y con t\u1eeb nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y ph\u00f4i non th\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a bao g\u1ed3m: t\u1ea1o ph\u00e1t sinh ph\u00f4i; nh\u00e2n nhanh ti\u1ec1n ph\u00f4i; th\u00e0nh th\u1ee5c h\u00f3a ti\u1ec1n ph\u00f4i v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ph\u00f4i soma; cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 t\u00e1i sinh c\u00e2y xanh t\u1eeb ph\u00f4i soma.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00f4i non c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y tr\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng MLV c\u00f3 b\u1ed5 sung 4g\/l phytagel, 500mg\/l glutamine, 500mg\/l cas aminoacid, sucrose; 20g\/l, 2,-4 D (1-3mg\/l), BA (1,0mg\/l) v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 trong t\u1ed1i \u1edf 250<\/sup>C. C\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh 31,44 v\u00e0 54 c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1ea1o ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb 37,5-47,5%. C\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh s\u1ed1 2,6 v\u00e0 29 c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1ea1o ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb 21,8-32,5%.<\/p>\n

Kh\u1ed1i ph\u00e1t sinh sau khi t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n nhanh tr\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng MLV c\u00f3 b\u1ed5 sung BA(1,0mg\/l), NAA(1-3mg\/l) thay cho 2,4-D. C\u1ea5y chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh 2 tu\u1ea7n\/l\u1ea7n. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng sau 2 tu\u1ea7n nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y t\u0103ng t\u1eeb 5-7 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a 1,0mg\/l\u00a0 BA v\u00e0 3,0mg\/l NAA.<\/p>\n

Sau khi thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn kh\u1ed1i ti\u1ec1n ph\u00f4i, nh\u1eefng ti\u1ec1n ph\u00f4i n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh th\u1ee5c v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ph\u00f4i soma. M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng MLV c\u00f3 b\u1ed5 sung 60g\/l Maltose thay cho sucrose; 10g\/l phytagelv\u00e0 80mg\/l ABA \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y ti\u1ec1n ph\u00f4i t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh th\u1ee5c h\u00f3a v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ph\u00f4i soma t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t (24,3 ph\u00f4i soma\/150mg ti\u1ec1n ph\u00f4i) <\/i><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ph\u00f4i soma \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u00e1 m\u1ea7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u00e1i sinh c\u00e2y xanh tr\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng 1\/2MS hay \u00bd TE c\u00f3 hay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 0,5mg\/l IBA hay 0,5mg\/l NAA. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cho th\u1ea5y 100% c\u00e2y xanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i sinh. C\u00e1c c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ea1o r\u1ec5. C\u00e2y con \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u1ea7n h\u00f3a tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1ed3ng trong nh\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

N\u1ed9i dung 2<\/b>: Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chuy\u1ec3n gene v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 chuy\u1ec3n gene:<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

a. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 trong chuy\u1ec3n gene uidA v\u00e0o m\u1eabu th\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a.<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng g\u00e2y ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Kanamycine, , n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 timentin, n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 acetosyringone, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 vi khu\u1ea9n, th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ed3ng nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y, th\u1eddi gian si\u00eau \u00e2m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m chuy\u1ec3n gene.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng g\u00e2y ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a kanamycin \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 ph\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i ti\u1ec1n ph\u00f4i soma. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cho th\u1ea5y 35-40mg\/l kanamycin s\u1ebd l\u00e0m ch\u1ebft >90% s\u1ed1 ph\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 35mg\/l kanamycin s\u1ebd g\u00e2y ch\u1ebft >95% cho t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ti\u1ec1n ph\u00f4i. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady hai n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 thanh l\u1ecdc, ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u bi\u1ebfn n\u1ea1p gene. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng g\u00e2y ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ng sinh Timentin (d\u00f9ng di\u1ec7t vi khu\u1ea9n d\u01b0 sau bi\u1ebfn n\u1ea1p) c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t. Khi b\u1ed5 sung 500mg\/l Timentin v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y ti\u1ec1n ph\u00f4i hay ph\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh sau bi\u1ebfn n\u1ea1p, kh\u00f4ng ghi nh\u1eadn t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ch\u1ebft do thu\u1ed1c g\u00e2y n\u00ean. N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong lo\u1ea1i vi khu\u1ea9n d\u01b0 sau bi\u1ebfn n\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 acetosyringone, 50\u00b5M \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t vi khu\u1ea9n Agrobacterium trong l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m chuy\u1ec3n gene.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7ng vi khu\u1ea9n agrobacterium (LBA 4404) ch\u1ee9a plasmid CAMBIA 2301-Ubi-BT \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m ph\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u1ed1i ti\u1ec1n ph\u00f4i. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cho th\u1ea5y \u1edf n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 vi khu\u1ea9n th\u1ea5p (OD600<\/sub>=0,3) t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 50,2 \u0111\u1ebfn 66,8% tu\u1ef3 theo d\u00f2ng. Trong khi t\u0103ng n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 vi khu\u1ea9n l\u00ean OD600<\/sub>=0,4 hay 0,5, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n 35%. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n GUS c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

Th\u1eddi gian l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m 60-90 ph\u00fat v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y 24 gi\u1edd, trong t\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh, vi\u1ec7c g\u00e2y x\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eb9 tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u00f4i g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n gia t\u0103ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n gus. Tuy nhi\u00ean nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u bi\u1ebfn n\u1ea1p gene ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 7-10 ng\u00e0y tr\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc Kanamycin (35 mg) r\u1ed3i ch\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

b. Ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh chuy\u1ec3n gene v\u00e0o m\u1eabu th\u00f4ng (ph\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n ph\u00f4i).<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

*B\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n b\u1eafn gene<\/i>: Tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 tr\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n gene m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n b\u1eafn gene \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o ph\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n ph\u00f4i soma. \u0110\u00e3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u bi\u1ebfn n\u1ea1p gene. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ph\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh bi\u1ebfn n\u1ea1p ch\u1ebft sau 10 ng\u00e0y tr\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc. Ti\u1ec1n ph\u00f4i bi\u1ebfn n\u1ea1p ch\u1ebft sau 3 tu\u1ea7n nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y tr\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc c\u00f3 35mg\/l kanamycin.<\/p>\n

*B\u1eb1ng vi khu\u1ea9n Agrobacterium<\/i>:<\/p>\n

S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 vi khu\u1ea9n tr\u00ean, \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh chuy\u1ec3n gene cry 1Ab v\u00e0o ph\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n ph\u00f4i soma. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u bi\u1ebfn n\u1ea1p gene cho c\u1ea3 hai lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. Tuy nhi\u00ean ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n ph\u00f4i hi\u1ec7n c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc v\u1edbi 35mg\/l kanamycin. Lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh bi\u1ebfn n\u1ea1p ch\u1ebft sau 12 ng\u00e0y nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y tr\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

Sau khi chuy\u1ec3n n\u1ea1p, m\u1eabu c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u bi\u1ebfn n\u1ea1p \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhu\u1ed9m v\u1edbi X-gluc \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n gene uidA (gus). K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e2t li\u1ec7u bi\u1ebfn n\u1ea1p gene v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc v\u1edbi 35mg\/l kanamycin.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

N\u1ed9i dung 3<\/b>: \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a mang gene kh\u00e1ng s\u00e2u r\u00f3m trong nh\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1edbi\/ nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh:<\/i><\/b> N\u1ed9i dung n\u00e0y \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai, ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

V. K\u1ebeT LU\u1eacN.<\/b><\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y th\u00e2n g\u1ed7 thu\u1ed9c chi th\u00f4ng. Chi th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 chi kh\u00f3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong t\u00e1i sinh invitro v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n gene. \u0110\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 11-2006. Qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

-\u0110\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1ea1o c\u00e2y invitro<\/i> h\u00f2an ch\u1ec9nh t\u1eeb nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y ph\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ed3i cao.<\/p>\n

-\u0110\u00e3 t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00f4i soma v\u00e0 t\u00e1i sinh c\u00e2y xanh t\u1eeb ph\u00f4i soma th\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a trong invitro<\/i>. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngu\u1ed3n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng, d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o cho chuy\u1ec3n gene.<\/p>\n

-\u0110\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 chuy\u1ec3n gene v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec3n gene v\u00e0o c\u1ea3 hai lo\u1ea1i m\u1eabu th\u00f4ng l\u00e0 ph\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n ph\u00f4i soma v\u00e0 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n gene gus th\u00f4ng qua hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n : vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n b\u1eafn gene.<\/p>\n

-\u0110\u00e3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u bi\u1ebfn n\u1ea1p gene c\u1ee7a hai gia \u0111\u00ecnh 31 v\u00e0 54 chuy\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0o ti\u1ec1n ph\u00f4i soma \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc kanamycin 35mg\/l<\/p>\n

T\u00c0I LI\u1ec6U THAM KH\u1ea2O<\/b><\/p>\n

Gupta PK & Durzan DJ (1985): Shoot multiplication from mature leaves od Doughlas-fir<\/p>\n

(Pseudotsuga menziesii) and sugar pine (Pinus lambertiana<\/i>). Plant ell Report. 4:<\/p>\n

177-180.<\/p>\n

Litvay JD; Verma DC & Johnson MA (1985): Influence of Lobloly pine (Pinus taeda L.)<\/p>\n

culture medium and its components on growth and somatic embryogenesis of the<\/p>\n

wild carrot (Daucus carota<\/i> L. ) Plant. Cell. Rrport. 4: 325-328.<\/p>\n

Murashige T & Skoog F (1962): A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with<\/p>\n

tobacco tissue cultures. Physio. Plant. 15: 473-497<\/p>\n

Tang, W;\u00a0 Sederoff R and Whetten R (2001): Regeneration\u00a0 of transgenic loblloly<\/p>\n

pine (Pinus taeda<\/i> L.) from zygotic embryos transformed with Agrobacterium <\/i><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 tumefaciens<\/i>. Planta. 213 (6):\u00a0 981-989.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 V\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00ecnh Tu\u1ea5n, Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n C\u01b0\u1eddng\u00a0; L\u00ea Th\u1ecb Huy\u1ec1n Thanh; \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Phan Th\u1ecb M\u1ef5 Lan\u00a0; \u0110\u1ed7 Ti\u1ebfn Ph\u00e1t\u00a0, \u0110inh Th\u1ecb Ph\u00f2ng\u00a0 c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c vi\u00ean kh\u00e1c. . M\u1ede \u0110\u1ea6U: Th\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng ta hay th\u00f4ng hai l\u00e1, c\u00f3 t\u00ean khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 Pinus merkusii Jungh & Vriese. Th\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a l\u00e0 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[13,72],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14968"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14968"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14968\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15031,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14968\/revisions\/15031"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14968"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14968"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14968"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}