{"id":14548,"date":"2015-04-08T09:56:27","date_gmt":"2015-04-08T02:56:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/?p=14548"},"modified":"2015-04-02T10:03:28","modified_gmt":"2015-04-02T03:03:28","slug":"bao-cao-ket-qua-de-tai-nghien-cuu-lua-chon-thiet-bi-va-hoan-thien-cong-nghe-su-dung-co-gioi-hoa-de-phuc-vu-trong-rung-tham-canh-tren-mot-so-vung-kinh-te-lam-nghiep-trong-diem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/bao-cao-ket-qua-de-tai-nghien-cuu-lua-chon-thiet-bi-va-hoan-thien-cong-nghe-su-dung-co-gioi-hoa-de-phuc-vu-trong-rung-tham-canh-tren-mot-so-vung-kinh-te-lam-nghiep-trong-diem\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u00e1o c\u00e1o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i: Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi ho\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng th\u00e2m canh tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng kinh t\u1ebf l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p tr\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec3m"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0110o\u00e0n V\u0103n Thu<\/em><\/p>\n

I\/ \u0110\u1eb7t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/b><\/p>\n

C\u01a1 gi\u1edbi ho\u00e1 tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u00e1y m\u00f3c \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1eeb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e2y gi\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m, l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t, tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 r\u1eebng. Trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3, l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c r\u1eebng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u1eb7ng nh\u1ecdc, t\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec1u lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, chi ph\u00ed l\u1edbn v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 tr\u1ed3ng, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 r\u1eebng \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t c\u1eadp, c\u00e1c m\u1eabu m\u00e1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u00ean hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 th\u1ea5p. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c kh\u00e2u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh chia c\u1eaft ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c cao, \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t, c\u00e2y r\u1eebng c\u00f3 chu k\u1ef3 d\u00e0i, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt canh t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch tr\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau… Do v\u1eady, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u201cNghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi ho\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng th\u00e2m canh tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng kinh t\u1ebf l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p tr\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec3m\u201d <\/b>nh\u1eb1m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

II\/ N\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/b><\/p>\n

2.1. N\u1ed9i dung:<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

– Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt kh\u00e2u l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c r\u1eebng th\u00e2m canh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng kinh t\u1ebf ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1edf v\u00f9ng n\u00fai ph\u00eda B\u1eafc, T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng Nam B\u1ed9 (3 v\u00f9ng).<\/p>\n

– Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c r\u1eebng \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng t\u1eadp trung (3 v\u00f9ng).<\/p>\n

– Tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c r\u1eebng.<\/p>\n

– Kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

– X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi ho\u00e1 c\u00e1c kh\u00e2u l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c r\u1eebng t\u1ea1i 3 v\u00f9ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u.<\/p>\n

– X\u00e2y d\u1ee5ng quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi ho\u00e1 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng th\u00e2m canh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng kinh t\u1ebf ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu cho 3 v\u00f9ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u.<\/p>\n

2.2. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p:<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

– \u0110i\u1ec1u tra kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t thu th\u1eadp t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi ho\u00e1 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c r\u1eebng; thu th\u1eadp s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c r\u1eebng \u1edf trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc: Ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, t\u00ednh n\u0103ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

– T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi tr\u1ed3ng, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c r\u1eebng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m c\u01a1 s\u1edf thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

– S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft t\u00ednh to\u00e1n, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u00e1y, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0: 3D, AutoCad, Inventor, Matlap tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i c\u00e1c b\u00e0i to\u00e1n l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

– Kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00ad\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c r\u1eebng theo ph\u01b0\u00ad\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e1y n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau kinh t\u1ebf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111o c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111o \u0111a k\u00eanh v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m Dasylab \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a LHM, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c quan h\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

– X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c r\u1eebng; \u0111o \u0111\u1ebfm, t\u00ednh to\u00e1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ed5 sung c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau kinh t\u1ebf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t, chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00ad\u01b0 cho kh\u00e2u l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t\u2026, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng b\u1ed5 sung ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

– S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u00ad\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p qui ho\u1ea1ch th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m, th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m Excel \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

III\/ K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn<\/b><\/p>\n

3.1. \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c r\u1eebng <\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c LHM \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh: \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi ho\u00e1 c\u00e1c kh\u00e2u l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c r\u1eebng. C\u00e1c LHM l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea5t canh t\u00e1c t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c d\u01b0\u1edbi 150<\/sup>. \u0110\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c LHM, khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c tr\u00ean 150<\/sup> n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u00e1c LHM canh t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3m 40 \u2013 50% so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng.<\/p>\n

3.2. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c r\u1eebng <\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

3.2.1. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi<\/i> v\u00f9ng n\u00fai ph\u00eda B\u1eafc:<\/i><\/p>\n

X\u1eed l\u00fd th\u1ef1c b\u00ec: K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 qua c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u00ad\u1ee3ng x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u1ef1c b\u00ec, n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, chi ph\u00ed n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u00ad\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00ad\u01b0 cho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb di\u1ec7n t\u00edch th\u00ec LHM k\u00e9o x\u00edch c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t t\u1eeb 150 – 200 m\u00e3 l\u1ef1c v\u1edbi khung r\u0103ng r\u00e0 r\u1ec5 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u1ed5 g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y<\/b> l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u1ef1c b\u00ec h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chung c\u1ee7a LHM canh t\u00e1c trong l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

C\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea5t: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng LHM k\u00e9o x\u00edch c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t 150 – 200 m\u00e3 l\u1ef1c v\u1edbi c\u00e0y ng\u1ea7m<\/b> c\u00e0y theo \u0111\u01b0\u00ad\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1ee9c t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c r\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ea5t t\u01a1i x\u1ed1p c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u t\u1eeb 50 \u2013 60 cm <\/b>\u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u00e0 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

Ch\u0103m s\u00f3c r\u1eebng: Ph\u00e1t d\u1ecdn th\u1ef1c b\u00ec, c\u1ecf d\u1ea1i; s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng LHM c\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng l\u1eadt (m\u0169i x\u1edbi s\u00e2u) c\u00e0y ch\u0103m s\u00f3c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng c\u00e2y l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01a1i x\u1ed1p, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ea5m v\u00e0 gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc…<\/p>\n

3.2.2 \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi <\/i>v\u00f9ng \u0110\u00f4ng Nam B\u1ed9:<\/i><\/p>\n

X\u1eed l\u00fd th\u1ef1c b\u00ec: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng LHM k\u00e9o x\u00edch c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t t\u1eeb 150 – 200 m\u00e3 l\u1ef1c v\u1edbi khung r\u0103ng r\u00e0 r\u1ec5 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u1ed5 g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y.<\/b><\/p>\n

C\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea5t: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng LHM k\u00e9o x\u00edch c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t 150 – 200 ml v\u1edbi c\u00e0y ng\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e0y theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1ee9c. <\/b>V\u00f9ng \u0110\u00f4ng Nam B\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 c\u00e1t pha ho\u1eb7c th\u1ecbt nh\u1eb9, c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u0169i c\u00e0y h\u00ecnh n\u00eam c\u00f3 c\u00e1nh r\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean 30cm \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng b\u1ec1 r\u1ed9ng ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ea5t. Tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng LHM k\u00e9o b\u00e1nh h\u01a1i c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t tr\u00ean 50 m\u00e3 l\u1ef1c (MTZ – 50, 80, John Deere\u2026) v\u1edbi c\u00e0y ph\u00e1 l\u00e2m (c\u00e0y 3 ch\u1ea3o), c\u00e0y vun lu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e0y to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c theo b\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y khoan h\u1ed1 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c cao > 100<\/sup>,\u00a0 <\/sup>ho\u1eb7c r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 d\u01b0\u1edbi 1100 c\u00e2y\/ha.<\/p>\n

Ch\u0103m s\u00f3c r\u1eebng: C\u00e0y ch\u0103m s\u00f3c b\u1eb1ng LHM<\/b> c\u00e0y ch\u1ea3o 2 d\u00e3y l\u1eafp sau m\u00e1y k\u00e9o b\u00e1nh h\u01a1i c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t 50 – 80 m\u00e3 l\u1ef1c (MTZ \u2013 50, 80, Johndeer, ford, Shibaura)<\/b> l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u00e0 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao. Nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c tr\u00ean 80<\/sup> s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c r\u1eebng.<\/p>\n

3.2.3. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u00f9ng T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean:<\/i><\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c r\u1eebng v\u00f9ng T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u00ad\u01b0 v\u00f9ng \u0110\u00f4ng Nam B\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

3.3. Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c r\u1eebng sau:<\/p>\n

3.3.1. C\u00e0y ng\u1ea7m c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn<\/i><\/p>\n

M\u1eabu c\u00e0y ng\u1ea7m c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn (h\u00ecnh 1) v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n sau:<\/p>\n

– D\u00e0n c\u00e0y c\u00f3 3 th\u00e2n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1 th\u00e2n v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch r\u1ea1ch c\u00e0y (T = 1 – 3m), b\u1ec1 r\u1ed9ng tr\u1ee5 c\u00e0y = 8cm; \u0110\u1ed9 c\u00e0y s\u00e2u (hc<\/sub>) t\u1ed1i \u0111a: 60cm;<\/p>\n

– M\u0169i c\u00e0y: 03 m\u1eabu m\u0169i c\u00e0y c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ec1 r\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c b v\u00e0 g\u00f3c n\u00e2ng a nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

a) M\u1eabu s\u1ed1 1 (M1): H\u00ecnh n\u00eam, b = 0,12m, a = 230<\/sup>;<\/p>\n

b) M\u1eabu s\u1ed1 2 (M2): H\u00ecnh n\u00eam c\u00f3 c\u00e1nh, b = 0,23m, a = 230<\/sup>;<\/p>\n

c) M\u1eabu s\u1ed1 3 (M3): H\u00ecnh n\u00eam c\u00f3 c\u00e1nh, b =0,30m, a = 230<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

\"15-04-08<\/a><\/p>\n

K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m cho th\u1ea5y, l\u1ef1c c\u1ea3n c\u00e0y ng\u1ea7m tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u1edbn v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean trong kho\u1ea3ng r\u1ed9ng, h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 l\u1ef1c c\u1ea3n ri\u00eang K0<\/sub> c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng t\u1ea1i khu v\u1ef1c ph\u00eda B\u1eafc c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1eeb 84,7 \u0111\u1ebfn 153,6kN\/m2<\/sup>. \u0110\u1ed9 c\u00e0y s\u00e2u, v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c c\u00e0y v\u00e0 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a c\u00e0y ng\u1ea7m c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ef1c c\u1ea3n c\u00e0y; h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 l\u1ef1c c\u1ea3n ri\u00eang K0<\/sub> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1eabu m\u0169i c\u00e0y m\u1edbi c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi m\u0169i c\u00e0y nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 m\u00f2n 1\/3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i t\u1eeb 15 \u0111\u1ebfn 20%.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c m\u1eabu m\u0169i c\u00e0y h\u00ecnh n\u00eam c\u00f3 c\u00e1nh (M2, M3) c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t cao: B\u1ec1 r\u1ed9ng ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ea5t \u1edf r\u1ea1ch c\u00e0y v\u1edbi m\u1eabu M2 v\u00e0 M3 t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p 2 \u0111\u1ebfn 2,5 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi m\u0169i c\u00e0y nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n; t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01a1i x\u1ed1p \u1edf t\u1ea7ng d\u01b0\u1edbi r\u1ea1ch c\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u00edt l\u00e0m x\u00e1o tr\u1ed9n l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1eb7t, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda tr\u00f4i x\u00f3i m\u00f2n. T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng: M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng, \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e0y s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn s\u1ed1 th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a d\u00e0n c\u00e0y v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i m\u0169i c\u00e0y cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

– C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u00e0y: T = 2m, hc<\/sub> = 0,45 \u2013 0,55m, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u00e0n c\u00e0y 2 th\u00e2n v\u00e0 m\u1eabu m\u0169i c\u00e0y M2 l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n

– C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u00e0y: T = 3m, hc<\/sub> = 0,45 \u2013 0,55m, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u00e0n c\u00e0y 1 th\u00e2n v\u1edbi m\u1eabu m\u0169i c\u00e0y M3 c\u00f3 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t cao nh\u1ea5t;<\/p>\n

– C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u00e0y: T = 1m, hc<\/sub> = 0,45 \u2013 0,55m, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e0y 3 th\u00e2n v\u00e0 m\u1eabu m\u0169i c\u00e0y M1, c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p, chi ph\u00ed cao ch\u1ec9 n\u00ean \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch canh t\u00e1c n\u00f4ng l\u00e2m k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

3.3.2. M\u00e1y c\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng l\u1eadt ch\u0103m s\u00f3c r\u1eebng<\/i><\/p>\n

C\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng l\u1eadt ch\u0103m s\u00f3c r\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

– D\u00e0n c\u00e0y g\u1ed3m 7 th\u00e2n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh thay \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ed1 th\u00e2n, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, lo\u1ea1i m\u0169i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e0y s\u00e2u tu\u1ef3 theo \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u0103m s\u00f3c; li\u00ean h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u00e1y k\u00e9o qua c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u treo 3 \u0111i\u1ec3m; b\u1ec1 r\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c: B = 2,2m; \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u t\u1ed1i \u0111a: hc.max<\/sub> = 0,4m; Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e0y: Gc<\/sub> = 342 kg;<\/p>\n

– D\u00e0n c\u00e0y li\u00ean h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u00e1y k\u00e9o c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t t\u1eeb 50 \u2013 80 m\u00e3 l\u1ef1c, n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1eeb 0,18 \u2013 0,26 ha\/gi\u1edd.<\/p>\n

K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a c\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng l\u1eadt ch\u0103m s\u00f3c r\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 tr\u00ean h\u00ecnh 2<\/p>\n

\"15-04-08<\/a><\/p>\n

3.3.3. M\u00e1y c\u00e0y ch\u1ea3o 2 d\u00e3y ch\u0103m s\u00f3c r\u1eebng<\/i><\/p>\n

C\u00e0y ch\u1ea3o 2 d\u00e3y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

– D\u00e0n c\u00e0y g\u1ed3m: 02 d\u00e3y ch\u1ea3o v\u00e0 01 tr\u1ee5 c\u00e0y di\u1ec7p k\u00e9p li\u00ean h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u00e1y k\u00e9o qua c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u treo 3 \u0111i\u1ec3m; m\u1ed7i d\u00e3y l\u1eafp 4 ch\u1ea3o c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh: D = 0,56m; b\u1ec1 r\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a c\u00e0y: B = 2,2m, \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u t\u1ed1i \u0111a hc.max <\/sub>= 0,23m, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e0y s\u00e2u v\u00e0 b\u1ec1 r\u1ed9ng theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u0103m s\u00f3c; Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e0y: Gc<\/sub> = 250 kg.<\/p>\n

– D\u00e0n c\u00e0y li\u00ean h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u00e1y k\u00e9o c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t t\u1eeb 50 \u2013 80 m\u00e3 l\u1ef1c, n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1eeb 0,30 \u2013 0,45 ha\/gi\u1edd.<\/p>\n

K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u m\u00e1y c\u00e0y ch\u1ea3o 2 d\u00e3y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 tr\u00ean h\u00ecnh 4.<\/p>\n

\"15-04-08<\/a><\/p>\n

3.4. \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c \u0111\u1ebfn sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a r\u1eebng<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh r\u1eebng th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c r\u1eebng b\u1eb1ng c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1ea1i 3 v\u00f9ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch 06ha. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eebng sau 3 n\u0103m tr\u1ed3ng cho th\u1ea5y, \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t r\u1eebng t\u0103ng t\u1eeb 20 \u2013 35% (\u1edf m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tr\u1ed3ng Keo), 30 \u2013 50% (\u1edf m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tr\u1ed3ng B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n) so v\u1edbi l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

VI\/ K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb<\/b><\/p>\n

K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn:<\/b><\/p>\n

1. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi ho\u00e1 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c r\u1eebng.<\/p>\n

2. \u0110\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng th\u00e2m canh cho v\u00f9ng n\u00fai ph\u00eda B\u1eafc, T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng Nam B\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

3. C\u00e1c m\u1eabu m\u0169i c\u00e0y ng\u1ea7m, c\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng l\u1eadt, c\u00e0y ch\u1ea3o 2 d\u00e3y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eb7t ra.<\/p>\n

4. C\u01a1 gi\u1edbi l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m cho th\u1ea5y, khi l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t r\u1eebng t\u0103ng t\u1eeb 20 \u2013 35% (\u1edf m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tr\u1ed3ng Keo), 30 \u2013 50% (\u1edf m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tr\u1ed3ng B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n) so v\u1edbi l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb:<\/b><\/p>\n