{"id":14036,"date":"2014-12-18T10:59:01","date_gmt":"2014-12-18T03:59:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/?p=14036"},"modified":"2014-12-05T08:50:08","modified_gmt":"2014-12-05T01:50:08","slug":"ky-thuat-trong-cay-ven-ven","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/ky-thuat-trong-cay-ven-ven\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y V\u00ean v\u00ean"},"content":{"rendered":"

V\u00caN V\u00caN<\/b><\/p>\n

T\u00ean khoa ho\u0323c: Anisoptera costata <\/i>Korth.<\/p>\n

ho\u0103\u0323c Anisoptera cochinchinensis <\/i>Pierre<\/p>\n

H\u1ecd th\u01b0\u0323c v\u00e2\u0323t: D\u1ea7u (Dipterocarpaceae)<\/p>\n

(Ngu\u1ed3n ch\u00ednh: B\u00f9i \u0110o\u00e0n, 1997)<\/p>\n

1. \u0110\u0103\u0323c \u0111i\u00ea\u0309m hi\u0300nh tha\u0301i<\/b><\/p>\n

Th\u00e2n tr\u00f2n th\u1eb3ng, h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5, c\u00e2y cao t\u1edbi 35m, v\u1ecf khi non m\u00e0u x\u00e1m nh\u1ea1t, khi gi\u00e0 m\u00e0u \u0111en, n\u1ee9t d\u1ecdc s\u00e2u, c\u00e2y th\u01b0\u1eddng chia c\u00e0nh cao v\u00e0 cho sinh kh\u1ed1i l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

L\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n m\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 l\u00e1 k\u00e8m, g\u00e2n l\u00e1 n\u1ed5i r\u00f5, g\u00e2n b\u00ean song song v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh cung, m\u1eb7t\u00a0 d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00e1 c\u00f3 l\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf. L\u00e1 d\u00e0i t\u1eeb 8-15cm, r\u1ed9ng 4-8cm.<\/p>\n

Hoa t\u1ef1 ch\u00f9m m\u1ecdc \u1edf n\u00e1ch l\u00e1 ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e0nh, Tr\u00e0ng hoa m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng, m\u1ed7i hoa c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 30- 35 nh\u1ecb, b\u1ea7u h\u1ea1 2 \u00f4, m\u1ed7i \u00f4 2 no\u00e3n. M\u00f9a hoa v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 2-4.<\/p>\n

\"Ven<\/a><\/p>\n

Qu\u1ea3 h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 1-1,5cm, khi non m\u00e0u xanh, khi ch\u00edn chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00e0u n\u00e2u, c\u00f3 2 v\u00f2i t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. Qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 2 c\u00e1nh d\u00e0i 8-12cm, r\u1ed9ng 1-2cm. M\u00f9a qu\u1ea3 ch\u00edn th\u00e1ng 4-5.<\/p>\n

2. \u0110\u0103\u0323c ti\u0301nh sinh tha\u0301i<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0 <\/b>V\u00ean v\u00ean ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f9ng \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 nh\u01b0 L\u00e0o, C\u0103mpuchia, Malaixia, Th\u00e1i Lan, Vi\u1ec7t Nam, In\u0111\u00f4n\u00eaxia.<\/p>\n

\u1ede Vi\u1ec7t Nam, V\u00ean v\u00ean ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 trong c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u r\u1eebng th\u01b0\u1eddng xanh v\u00e0 n\u1eeda r\u1ee5ng l\u00e1 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh Gia Lai, Kon Tum, \u0110\u1eafc L\u1eafc, T\u00e2y Ninh, S\u00f4ng B\u00e9, \u0110\u1ed3ng Nai, B\u00ecnh Thu\u1eadn, c\u00f3 khi m\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea7n th\u1ee5 thu\u1ea7n lo\u1ea1i tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t \u1ea9m m\u00e1t. Tuy nhi\u00ean n\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00f4, k\u1ebft von, s\u1ecfi \u0111\u00e1.\u00a0 C\u00e2y \u01b0a s\u00e1ng, sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng trung b\u00ecnh, t\u00e1i sinh h\u1ea1t t\u1ed1t d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1n r\u1eebng, t\u00e1i sinh ch\u1ed3i kho\u1ebb. Trong r\u1eebng V\u00ean v\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i Sao \u0111en, D\u1ea7u r\u00e1i, D\u1ea7u l\u00f4ng, Gi\u00e1ng h\u01b0\u01a1ng, Ho\u00e0ng linh, C\u0103m xe v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i h\u1ecd \u0110\u1eadu kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

3. Gi\u00f4\u0301ng va\u0300 ta\u0323o c\u00e2y con<\/b><\/p>\n

C\u00e2y m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y gi\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e2y c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng \u0111\u1eb9p, c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb s\u00e2u m\u1ee5c, u b\u01b0\u1edbu. Th\u00e2n c\u00e2y th\u1eb3ng kh\u00f4ng th\u00f3t ng\u1ecdn, t\u00e1n r\u1ed9ng, nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e0nh. C\u00e2y m\u1eb9 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh t\u1eeb 25cm tr\u1edf l\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u thu h\u00e1i h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng. Kh\u00f4ng thu h\u00e1i h\u1ea1t \u1edf nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y qu\u00e1 gi\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb r\u1ed7ng ru\u1ed9t, s\u00e2u, b\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n

Q\u1ee7a ch\u00edn v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 3-4 h\u00e0ng n\u0103m. Khi th\u1ea5y qu\u1ea3 ch\u00edn r\u1ed9 (2 c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea3 chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng xanh sang m\u00e0u n\u00e2u) th\u00ec thu h\u00e1i. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi thu h\u00e1i c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec1u tra s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng ngu\u1ed3n gi\u1ed1ng. Thu h\u00e1i qu\u1ea3 r\u1ee5ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c rung c\u00e0nh cho qu\u1ea3 r\u1ee5ng xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 thu nh\u1eb7t. Qu\u00e9t d\u1ecdn s\u1ea1ch d\u01b0\u1edbi g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y m\u1eb9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00f9a qu\u1ea3 r\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eb7t qu\u1ea3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

Thu h\u00e1i ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 ngay b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf h\u1ebft c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea3, v\u1ecf, l\u00e1, t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c r\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u01a1i tho\u00e1ng gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3 h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

V\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m b\u1eb1ng bao, t\u00fai \u0111\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tho\u00e1ng kh\u00ed. H\u1ea1t V\u00ean v\u00ean d\u1ec5 m\u1ea5t s\u1ee9c n\u1ea9y m\u1ea7m n\u00ean ph\u1ea3i gieo \u01b0\u01a1m h\u1ea1t ngay sau khi thu h\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3 th\u1eddi gian 10-15 ng\u00e0y. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n gieo \u01b0\u01a1m ngay ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea3i v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111i xa th\u00ec b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cho h\u1ea1t v\u00e0o c\u00e1c gi\u1ecf tre, gi\u1ecf l\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1eaft r\u1ed3i treo d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u00e1i che trong b\u00f3ng r\u00e2m; \u0110\u01b0a h\u1ea1t v\u00e0o trong ph\u00f2ng tho\u00e1ng kh\u00ed, tr\u1ea3i m\u1ecfng ph\u1ee7 l\u00ean tr\u00ean l\u1edbp c\u00e1t \u1ea9m (5-10%) ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9t than c\u00f3 phun m\u00f9 nh\u1eb9 b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

Qu\u1ea3 (h\u1ea1t) V\u00ean v\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 c\u1eaft b\u1ecf ph\u1ea7n c\u00e1nh \u0111\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00e2m trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea5m (2 s\u00f4i + 3 l\u1ea1nh) trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian 6-10 gi\u1edd sau \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbt ra r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf h\u1ea1t s\u00e2u, th\u1ed1i, h\u1ea1t l\u00e9p. \u0110\u1ec3 h\u1ea1t v\u00e0o th\u00fang ho\u1eb7c r\u1ed5 sau \u0111\u00f3 d\u00f9ng bao t\u1ea3i gai ho\u1eb7c r\u01a1m r\u1ea1 \u1ee7 l\u00ean l\u00f4 h\u1ea1t. H\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i r\u1eeda chua r\u1ed3i \u0111em \u1ee7 l\u1ea1i. H\u1ea1t n\u1ea9y m\u1ea7m trong kho\u1ea3ng 7-10 ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i kho\u1ea3ng 2 tu\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

Gieo h\u1ea1t l\u00ean lu\u1ed1ng sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea5y v\u00e0o b\u1ea7u nh\u01b0ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00ean c\u1ea5y v\u00e0o b\u1ea7u sau khi h\u1ea1t n\u1ea9y m\u1ea7m. C\u1ea5y v\u00e0o b\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 r\u1ec5 m\u1ea7m t\u1eeb 1-2cm, m\u1ed7i b\u1ea7u c\u1ea5y 1 h\u1ea1t. H\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00f9i s\u00e2u 1-2 cm theo chi\u1ec1u nghi\u00eang 45o<\/sup> (ch\u1ec9 ch\u1eeba l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t ph\u1ea7n c\u00e1nh c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i sau khi \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb c\u1eaft \u1edf ch\u00f3p qu\u1ea3).<\/p>\n

V\u1ecf b\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng Poly\u00eatylen v\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc 13x20cm c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1y c\u1eaft 2 g\u00f3c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee5c 6 l\u1ed7 xung quanh d\u00f9ng cho c\u00e2y \u01b0\u01a1m 3-4 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i; 15cm x 25cm d\u00f9ng cho c\u00e2y \u01b0\u01a1m >1 n\u0103m tu\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ru\u1ed9t b\u1ea7u: L\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi r\u1eebng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea5t v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m 80 – 82% + ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng \u1ee7 hoai 15-18% + supe l\u00e2n 2-3% t\u00ednh theo tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed9n \u0111\u1ec1u r\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f3ng v\u00e0o b\u1ea7u sau \u0111\u00f3 x\u1ebfp tr\u00ean c\u00e1c lu\u1ed1ng n\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c ch\u00ecm trong v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m.<\/p>\n

Sau khi c\u1ea5y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e2y m\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ee7 \u1ea9m b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y t\u01b0\u1edbi v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u1edbi 4 l\u00edt \/m2<\/sup> (2 g\u00e1nh n\u01b0\u1edbc cho 1 lu\u1ed1ng 10m2<\/sup>). C\u00e2y m\u1ea7m sau khi ra l\u00e1 non (t\u1eeb 5-10 l\u00e1 tr\u1edf l\u00ean) c\u1ea7n t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u1edbi g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i v\u00e0o c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u t\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n

L\u00e0m c\u1ecf x\u1edbi v\u00e1ng 1 th\u00e1ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi c\u00e2y xu\u1ea5t v\u01b0\u1eddn. D\u00f9ng ph\u00ean n\u1ee9a ho\u1eb7c c\u1eafm t\u1ebf gu\u1ed9t, l\u00e1 d\u1eeba n\u01b0\u1edbc,… \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9 che b\u00f3ng (40-50%). D\u00e0n che ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m ngay sau khi c\u1ea5y h\u1ea1t v\u00e0o b\u1ea7u. C\u00e2y con tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi xu\u1ea5t v\u01b0\u1eddn 10 – 15 ng\u00e0y c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1o b\u1ecf to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 d\u00e0n che \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y con v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng khi \u0111em tr\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 2 k\u1ef3 xu\u1ea5t v\u01b0\u1eddn theo th\u1eddi v\u1ee5 tr\u1ed3ng: V\u1ee5 tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 6-8, th\u00ec c\u00e2y \u01b0\u01a1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i \u01b0\u01a1m 3-4 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i, cao 40-50 cm, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh c\u1ed5 r\u1ec5 0,5cm. V\u1ee5 tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 6-8 n\u0103m sau th\u00ec ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00e2y \u01b0\u01a1m 15-16 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i, cao 70-75 cm; \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh c\u1ed5 r\u1ec5 0,8-1cm. C\u00e2y con c\u00f3 th\u00e2n\u00a0 h\u00ecnh th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1eb9p, c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9a c\u00e0nh s\u1edbm kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee5t ng\u1ecdn, th\u00f3t ng\u1ecdn.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i cho c\u00e2y m\u1ea7m v\u00e0 c\u00e2y con. V\u00ean v\u00ean \u00edt b\u1ecb s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i trong v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed1m l\u00e1. D\u00f9ng Bo\u00f3c \u0111\u00f4 pha 0,4 kg Sunfat \u0111\u1ed3ng (CuSO4<\/sub> tr\u1ed9n v\u1edbi 0,4kg v\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ho\u00e0 v\u00e0o 40-50 l\u00edt n\u01b0\u1edbc phun cho 100m2<\/sup>; \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 7-10 ng\u00e0y phun 1 l\u1ea7n cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi h\u1ebft b\u1ec7nh). Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng Ben l\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

\"Ven<\/a><\/p>\n

4. Tr\u00f4\u0300ng va\u0300 ch\u0103m so\u0301c r\u01b0\u0300ng<\/b><\/p>\n

Ch\u1ec9 tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng \u1edf c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh ph\u00eda Nam (t\u1eeb T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean tr\u1edf v\u00e0o) n\u01a1i c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u1eadu m\u01b0a m\u00f9a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi, m\u00f9a m\u01b0a v\u00e0 kh\u00f4 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 trong n\u0103m, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n n\u0103m 1500-2200 mm, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh 24-27o<\/sup>C; \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 cao d\u01b0\u1edbi 500m so v\u1edbi m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, d\u1ed1c d\u01b0\u1edbi 25o<\/sup>. \u0110\u1ea5t x\u00e1m tr\u00ean ph\u00f9 sa c\u1ed5, \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecf tr\u00ean Bazan, Tup, \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecf v\u00e0ng tr\u00ean phi\u1ebfn th\u1ea1ch s\u00e9t, \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u00ean 50cm, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi t\u1eeb nh\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ebfn trung b\u00ecnh, pHKCl<\/sub> >4,5, m\u00f9n >1%. Th\u1ef1c b\u00ec l\u00e0 r\u1eebng ngh\u00e8o ki\u1ec7t c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00e0n che <0,3 ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ea3ng c\u00e2y b\u1ee5i, c\u00e2y c\u1ecf, r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e3 khai th\u00e1c tr\u1eafng.<\/p>\n

\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng 3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c tr\u00f4\u0300ng l\u00e0 tr\u1ed3ng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, n\u00f4ng l\u00e2m k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ho\u0103\u0323c l\u00e0m gia\u0300u r\u1eebng.<\/p>\n

Tr\u1ed3ng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n: <\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

Pha\u0301t th\u1ef1c bi\u0300, d\u1ecdn s\u1ea1ch trong m\u00f9a kh\u00f4 (tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ee5 tr\u1ed3ng 2-3 th\u00e1ng). N\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea5t d\u1ed1c n\u00ean x\u1ebfp th\u00e0nh t\u1eebng h\u00e0ng theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf r\u1eeda tr\u00f4i, x\u00f3i m\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea5t. L\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t, c\u00e0y b\u1eeba to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00f9a m\u01b0a (kho\u1ea3ng cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 4, \u0111\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c gi\u1eefa th\u00e1ng 5).<\/p>\n

Cu\u1ed1c h\u1ed1 tr\u1ed3ng va\u0300o th\u00e1ng 3-5, v\u01a1\u0301i k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ed1 40x40x40 cm.<\/p>\n

Tr\u1ed3ng \u0110\u1eadu tr\u00e0m (Indigofera teysmanii<\/i>) l\u00e0m c\u00e2y c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 v\u1eeba che b\u00f3ng nh\u1eb9 cho V\u00ean v\u00ean khi m\u1edbi tr\u1ed3ng. \u0110\u1eadu tr\u00e0m tr\u1ed3ng theo c\u1ef1 ly 1x1m ngay sau khi l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t, sao cho khi tr\u1ed3ng V\u00ean v\u00ean, c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng \u0110\u1eadu tr\u00e0m t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u cao 40-50cm.<\/p>\n

Tr\u1ed3ng 1600 c\u00e2y\/ha, c\u1ef1 ly 2x3m trong \u0111\u00f3 V\u00ean v\u00ean chi\u1ebfm 70-80% s\u1ed1 c\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

Tr\u1ed3ng n\u00f4ng l\u00e2m k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p:<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

X\u1eed l\u00fd th\u1ef1c b\u00ec, l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c tr\u1ed3ng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, c\u1ef1 ly h\u1ed1 tr\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 2x6m.<\/p>\n

Tr\u1ed3ng m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 800 c\u00e2y\/ha, c\u1ef1 ly 2x6m.<\/p>\n

Tr\u1ed3ng \u0110\u1eadu t\u01b0\u01a1ng, L\u1ea1c, \u0110\u1ed7 xanh ho\u1eb7c Ng\u00f4 xen 2-3 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0m c\u00e2y che ph\u1ee7, c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea5t, v\u1eeba cho thu ho\u1ea1ch. V\u1ee5 tr\u1ed3ng \u0110\u1eadu xanh, L\u1ea1c, \u0110\u1eadu t\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 3 v\u00e0 th\u00e1ng 7.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng xen v\u1edbi c\u00e2y c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e2u n\u0103m nh\u01b0 \u0110i\u1ec1u, C\u00e0 ph\u00ea, Ch\u00e8 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 tr\u1ee3 ch\u1ed1ng gi\u00f3 h\u1ea1i, che n\u1eafng cho C\u00e0 ph\u00ea, Ch\u00e8 theo c\u00e1ch b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

1 h\u00e0ng V\u00ean v\u00ean – 1 h\u00e0ng \u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ed3ng xen;<\/p>\n

1 h\u00e0ng V\u00ean v\u00ean – 3 h\u00e0ng Ch\u00e8 tr\u1ed3ng xen;<\/p>\n

1 h\u00e0ng V\u00ean v\u00ean – 3 h\u00e0ng C\u00e0 ph\u00ea tr\u1ed3ng xen.<\/p>\n

Tr\u1ed3ng l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u r\u1eebng: <\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

Ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7\u00f9 ph\u1ea3i h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p chi\u1ec1u cao th\u1ea3m r\u1eebng c\u0169 xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n 4-5m b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1eb7t b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y g\u1ed7 cong queo s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edf c\u00e1c r\u1ea1ch song song c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec1u nhau theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c theo h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0110\u00f4ng – T\u00e2y \u1edf n\u01a1i b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfu xu\u1ed1ng r\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

R\u1ea1ch m\u1edf c\u00e1ch nhau 5-6m; chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a r\u1ea1ch tr\u1ed3ng 3m. Th\u1eddi gian x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u1ea3m r\u1eebng c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh trong m\u00f9a kh\u00f4. Cu\u1ed1c h\u1ed1 tr\u1ed3ng va\u0300o tha\u0301ng 3-5, ki\u0301ch th\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c h\u00f4\u0301 40x40x40cm.<\/p>\n

Tr\u1ed3ng m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 400 c\u00e2y\/ ha, c\u1ef1 ly 3x8m.<\/p>\n

L\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng r\u1ea1ch ch\u1eeba \u0111\u1ec3 che b\u00f3ng cho c\u00e2y con trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ecdn c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng h\u1ed7n giao: V\u00ean v\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng h\u1ed7n giao theo h\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c theo b\u0103ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 D\u1ea7u n\u01b0\u1edbc, Sao \u0111en, Mu\u1ed3ng \u0111en. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i n\u00e0y c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 V\u00ean v\u00ean.<\/p>\n

Tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y xong t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00f9a m\u01b0a v\u00e0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa ho\u1eb7c cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 7. N\u00ean ch\u1ecdn ng\u00e0y r\u00e2m m\u00e1t v\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0o l\u00fac \u0111ang c\u00f3 m\u01b0a nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y ph\u1ea3i r\u1ea1ch b\u1ecf l\u1edbp v\u1ecf b\u1ea7u, g\u1ea1t l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1ecbn tr\u00ean mi\u1ec7ng xu\u1ed1ng l\u00f2ng h\u1ed1 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ed5 r\u1ec5, d\u00f9ng ch\u00e2n d\u1eabm \u0111\u1ea5t chung quanh b\u1ea7u cho ch\u1eb7t. (kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m v\u1ee1 b\u1ea7u). Ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh tr\u1ed3ng d\u1eb7m c\u00e2y ngay sau khi tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 2-3 tu\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

Ch\u0103m s\u00f3c 5 n\u0103m li\u1ec1n cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi r\u1eebng kh\u00e9p t\u00e1n:<\/p>\n

– N\u0103m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 hai: M\u1ed7i n\u0103m ch\u0103m s\u00f3c 2 l\u1ea7n v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00f9a m\u01b0a (th\u00e1ng 3-4) v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i m\u00f9a m\u01b0a (th\u00e1ng 11-12), g\u1ed3m l\u00e0m c\u1ecf, ph\u00e1t lu\u1ed7ng d\u00e2y leo c\u00e2y b\u1ee5i, x\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t vun quanh g\u1ed1c V\u00ean v\u00ean r\u1ed9ng 50-60cm.<\/p>\n

– N\u0103m th\u1ee9 ba: N\u1ed9i dung c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 2 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u01b0ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t quang ch\u1ec9 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y b\u1ee5i cao h\u01a1n 1m. V\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c tr\u1ed3ng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n th\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00f9a m\u01b0a n\u0103m th\u1ee9 3 c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ch\u1eb7t \u0110\u1eadu tr\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i ch\u1ed3i (ch\u1eb7t s\u00e1t g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng c\u00e0nh l\u00e1 ph\u1ee7 quanh g\u1ed1c V\u00ean v\u00ean).<\/p>\n

– N\u0103m th\u1ee9 t\u01b0: Ch\u0103m s\u00f3c 1 l\u1ea7n v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00f9a m\u01b0a. Ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng n\u1ed9i dung nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1eb7t v\u1ec7 sinh nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y cong queo, s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh, sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng k\u00e9m v\u00e0 t\u1ec9a ch\u1ed3i.<\/p>\n

– N\u0103m th\u1ee9 n\u0103m: Ch\u1eb7t t\u1ec9a nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y l\u1ec7ch t\u00e1n, th\u00f3t ng\u1ecdn, s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh, c\u00e2y ch\u1ec9a c\u00e0nh th\u1ea5p, c\u00e0nh nh\u00e1nh nhi\u1ec1u v\u1edbi c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ec9a th\u01b0a 20-30% s\u1ed1 c\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c n\u00f4ng l\u00e2m k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7n h\u00e0i ho\u00e0 gi\u1eefa ch\u0103m s\u00f3c c\u00e2y n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi c\u00e2y r\u1eebng theo s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n ch\u0103m s\u00f3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n

Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u r\u1eebng c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1eadp trung ch\u0103m s\u00f3c V\u00ean v\u00ean trong c\u00e1c r\u1ea1ch. H\u00e0ng n\u0103m c\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t quang m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng 2 b\u00ean r\u1ea1ch tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e2y con nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m c\u1ecf vun g\u1ed1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00f9a m\u01b0a \u1edf nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 M\u1ed1i h\u1ea1i xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. D\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c d\u1eabn d\u1ee5, di\u1ec7t m\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb M\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n

5. Khai tha\u0301c, s\u01b0\u0309 du\u0323ng<\/b><\/p>\n

G\u1ed7 m\u00e0u s\u00e1ng tr\u1eafng pha v\u00e0ng nh\u1ea1t, m\u1ecbn th\u1edb kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u00e1c l\u00f5i. G\u1ed7 thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m III, b\u1ec1n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 kh\u00e1 n\u1eb7ng, t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng 0,61-0,71, v\u00f2ng n\u0103m kh\u00f3 nh\u1eadn. G\u1ed7 V\u00ean v\u00ean d\u1ec5 gia c\u00f4ng ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f3ng t\u00e0u thuy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed7 gia d\u1ee5ng, l\u00e0m g\u1ed7 d\u00e1n l\u1ea1ng ho\u1eb7c d\u00f9ng trong x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1ef1a c\u00f3 m\u00f9i th\u01a1m, d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn h\u01b0\u01a1ng li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c tr\u1ed3ng sau khi t\u1ec9a th\u01b0a, s\u1ebd gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i 100-200 c\u00e2y\/ ha.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V\u00caN V\u00caN T\u00ean khoa ho\u0323c: Anisoptera costata Korth. ho\u0103\u0323c Anisoptera cochinchinensis Pierre H\u1ecd th\u01b0\u0323c v\u00e2\u0323t: D\u1ea7u (Dipterocarpaceae) (Ngu\u1ed3n ch\u00ednh: B\u00f9i \u0110o\u00e0n, 1997) 1. \u0110\u0103\u0323c \u0111i\u00ea\u0309m hi\u0300nh tha\u0301i Th\u00e2n tr\u00f2n th\u1eb3ng, h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5, c\u00e2y cao t\u1edbi 35m, v\u1ecf khi non m\u00e0u x\u00e1m nh\u1ea1t, khi gi\u00e0 m\u00e0u \u0111en, n\u1ee9t d\u1ecdc s\u00e2u, c\u00e2y th\u01b0\u1eddng chia c\u00e0nh cao v\u00e0 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[15,72],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14036"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14036"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14036\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14041,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14036\/revisions\/14041"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14036"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14036"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14036"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}