{"id":13301,"date":"2014-08-11T10:53:08","date_gmt":"2014-08-11T03:53:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/?p=13301"},"modified":"2014-08-01T10:56:04","modified_gmt":"2014-08-01T03:56:04","slug":"ky-thuat-trong-thong-ba-la-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/ky-thuat-trong-thong-ba-la-2\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng Th\u00f4ng ba l\u00e1"},"content":{"rendered":"

TH\u00d4NG BA LA\u0301<\/b><\/p>\n

T\u00ean kh\u00e1c: Ngo tr\u1eafng<\/p>\n

T\u00ean khoa ho\u0323c: Pinus kesiya <\/i>Royle ex Gordon<\/p>\n

ho\u1eb7c Pinus insularis<\/i> Endl. ho\u1eb7c Pinus khasya<\/i> Royle ex Hook.f.<\/p>\n

H\u1ecd th\u01b0\u0323c v\u1eadt: Th\u00f4ng (Pinaceae)<\/p>\n

1. \u0110\u0103\u0323c \u0111i\u00ea\u0309m hi\u0300nh tha\u0301i<\/b><\/p>\n

C\u00e2y g\u1ed7 cao 30-40 m, th\u00e2n th\u1eb3ng tr\u00f2n, v\u1ecf m\u1ea7u n\u00e2u s\u1eabm, n\u1ee9t d\u1ecdc s\u00e2u, sau bong m\u1ea3nh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u. L\u00e1 d\u1ea1ng kim d\u00e0I 15-20cm, m\u1ecdc c\u1ee5m 3 chi\u1ebfc trong m\u1ed9t b\u1eb9, m\u1ea7u xanh th\u1eabm, m\u1ec1m th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadp trung \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e0nh; b\u1eb9 l\u00e1 d\u00e0i 1cm.<\/p>\n

N\u00f3n \u0111\u01a1n t\u00ednh c\u00f9ng g\u1ed1c, n\u00f3n \u0111\u1ef1c d\u1ea1ng b\u00f4ng ng\u1eafn, n\u00f3n c\u00e1i h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee9ng, l\u00fac non m\u1ea7u xanh b\u00f3ng. Khi ch\u00edn, n\u00f3n d\u00e0i 5-10cm m\u1ea7u n\u00e2u \u0111\u1eadm g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea9y ho\u00e1 g\u1ed7. V\u1ea9y n\u00f3n d\u00e0y, c\u1ee9ng, r\u1ed1n h\u01a1i l\u1ed3i c\u00f3 hai \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ed3 ch\u00e9o nhau \u1edf gi\u1eefa, m\u00e1i v\u1ea9y \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u00f3 gai.<\/p>\n

Ra n\u00f3n th\u00e1ng 2-3, ch\u00edn th\u00e1ng 12 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m sau. Khi ch\u00edn h\u1ea1t t\u00e1ch ra c\u00f3 c\u00e1nh d\u00e0i 1-2 cm.<\/p>\n

\"Thongbala\"<\/a><\/p>\n

2. \u0110\u0103\u0323c ti\u0301nh sinh tha\u0301i<\/b><\/p>\n

C\u00e2y m\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u1edf tr\u00ean c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng n\u00fai cao nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, Trung Qu\u1ed1c, L\u00e0o, Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea7n th\u1ee5 thu\u1ea7n lo\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c h\u1ed7n giao v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i kh\u00e1c. \u1ede\u00a0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 t\u1eadp trung \u1edf c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh L\u00e2m \u0110\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 Ho\u00e0ng Su Ph\u00ec (H\u00e0 Giang), Gia Lai, Kon Tum. Hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i \u1edf c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 huy\u1ec7n v\u00f9ng cao bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t – Trung n\u01a1i c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a t\u1eeb 1500-2000 mm, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh th\u00e1ng l\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t 150<\/sup>C, th\u00e1ng n\u00f3ng nh\u1ea5t 26-290<\/sup>C, th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t chua ho\u1eb7c h\u01a1i chua, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi trung b\u00ecnh, tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1t. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng Th\u00f4ng ba l\u00e1 c\u1ea3 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea5t ngh\u00e8o dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea5t ki\u1ec1m\u00a0 ho\u1eb7c m\u1eb7n.<\/p>\n

L\u00e0 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y \u01b0a s\u00e1ng, trong v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 che th\u00edch h\u1ee3p t\u1eeb 25-35% \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, sau \u0111\u00f3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u01b0a s\u00e1ng. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i sinh b\u1eb1ng h\u1ea1t m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n

3. Gi\u00f4\u0301ng va\u0300 ta\u0323o c\u00e2y con<\/b><\/p>\n

C\u00e2y m\u1eb9 l\u1ea5y gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn t\u1eeb r\u1eebng gi\u1ed1ng, r\u1eebng gi\u1ed1ng chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c v\u01b0\u1eddn gi\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 L\u00e2m \u0110\u1ed3ng. C\u00e2y m\u1eb9 l\u1ea5y gi\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i t\u1eeb 20 tu\u1ed5i tr\u1edf l\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e2y gi\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb h\u1ea1t, 7 tu\u1ed5i tr\u1edf l\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e2y gi\u1ed1ng gh\u00e9p. Ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c, h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 l\u00fd l\u1ecbch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, c\u00f3 phi\u1ebfu ki\u1ec3m nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

Th\u1eddi gian thu h\u00e1i qu\u1ea3 t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 11 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m sau khi v\u1ecf qu\u1ea3 chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb m\u00e0u xanh sang v\u00e0ng m\u01a1 hay c\u00e1nh gi\u00e1n. D\u00f9ng c\u00f9 l\u00e8o tr\u00e8o l\u00ean c\u00e2y m\u00f3c g\u1eadt qu\u1ea3 ch\u00edn, tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ebb v\u00e0 ch\u1eb7t c\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

Qu\u1ea3 thu v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed1ng 2-3 ng\u00e0y cho qu\u1ea3 ch\u00edn \u0111\u1ec1u. \u0110\u1ed1ng \u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng cao qu\u00e1 50cm, ph\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea3o h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y. Qu\u1ea3 ch\u00edn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u01a1i tr\u00ean nong d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u1eafng nh\u1eb9 3-5 n\u1eafng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch h\u1ea1t Thu h\u1ea1t h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, hong kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1t n\u01a1i r\u00e2m m\u00e1t 2-3 ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 v\u00f2 s\u00e0ng s\u1ea3y h\u1ebft t\u1ea1p v\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

H\u1ea1t ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ng\u00e0nh 04-TCN-41-2001 v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 14-17g\/1000 h\u1ea1t ho\u1eb7c 60000-70000 h\u1ea1t\/kg.<\/p>\n

H\u1ea1t sau khi thu h\u00e1i v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn xong, t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111em gieo ngay. N\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea5t tr\u1eef h\u1ea1t trong chum, v\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c th\u00f9ng g\u1ed7 c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t h\u00fat \u1ea9m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 n\u01a1i kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o tho\u00e1ng m\u00e1t. \u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t khi \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n t\u1eeb 7-8%. Th\u1eddi gian b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n t\u1ed1i \u0111a l\u00e0 2 n\u0103m. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u00ec n\u00ean b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n l\u1ea1nh \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 5o<\/sup>C.<\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi gieo h\u1ea1t ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ng\u00e0nh v\u1ec1 h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng Th\u00f4ng ba l\u00e1 (04-TCN-41-2001): H\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 7 v\u00e0 v\u1edbi h\u1ea1t lo\u1ea1i 1 c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m >80%, lo\u1ea1i 2 l\u00e0 75%, lo\u1ea1i 3 l\u00e0 65%.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 l\u1eadp v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n 04-TCN-41-2001 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u1edf n\u01a1i c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c b\u00ec t\u1ebf gu\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c c\u00e2y b\u1ee5i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 che ph\u1ee7 tr\u00ean 50%; \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ecbt c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u00e9t th\u00edch h\u1ee3p 25-35% v\u00e0 pHKCl<\/sub> = 4-4,5; cao r\u00e1o, th\u00f4ng tho\u00e1ng, tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m cao s\u00e1t m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t; g\u1ea7n hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng, g\u1ea7n ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1t th\u1ef1c b\u00ec, gom \u0111\u1ed1t, cu\u1ed1c l\u1eadt s\u00e2u 30cm v\u00e0 nh\u1eb7t s\u1ea1ch g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y, r\u1ec5 c\u1ecf. N\u01a1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c tr\u00ean 5o<\/sup> ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o b\u1eadc thang. Phun Benlat 0,1% v\u1edbi li\u1ec1u 0,3 l\u00edt\/m2<\/sup> \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb b\u1ec7nh l\u1edf c\u1ed5 r\u1ec5 v\u00e0 Booc \u0111\u00f4 0,5% v\u1edbi li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 1 l\u00edt phun tr\u00ean 5-6m2<\/sup> \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb b\u1ec7nh r\u01a1m l\u00e1 th\u00f4ng. Xung quanh v\u01b0\u1eddn \u0111\u00e0o r\u00e3nh tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc 50x50cm \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y tr\u00e0n v\u00e0 x\u00f3i l\u1edf. Gieo h\u1ea1t v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 12 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m sau v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o gieo tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1ed3ng 6-8 th\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n

V\u1ecf b\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng t\u00fai Polyetylen kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1y ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1y \u0111\u1ee5c l\u1ed7, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc 7x14cm ho\u1eb7c 8x12cm.<\/p>\n

N\u01a1i c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u00ec l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea5t \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u 0-40cm t\u1ea1i r\u1eebng th\u00f4ng tr\u00ean 10 tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ru\u1ed9t b\u1ea7u. N\u01a1i xa r\u1eebng th\u00f4ng th\u00ec l\u1ea5y 90% d\u1ea5t n\u01a1i c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c b\u00ec t\u1ebf gu\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c c\u00e2y b\u1ee5i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 che ph\u1ee7 tr\u00ean 50% v\u00e0 8% \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1eebng th\u00f4ng \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u 0-20cm. \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e0ng k\u1ef9 qua l\u1ed7 s\u00e0ng 1cm, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf h\u1ebft \u0111\u00e1 l\u1eabn, r\u1ec5 c\u00e2y, t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tr\u1ed9n \u0111\u1ec1u v\u1edbi 2% supe l\u00e2n (c\u00f3 14-15% P2<\/sub>O5<\/sub> t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1), kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng ph\u00e2n l\u00e2n nung ch\u1ea3y c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ki\u1ec1m cao.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e2m h\u1ea1t v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch thu\u1ed1c t\u00edm 0,1% (1 gam \/l\u00edt n\u01b0\u1edbc) trong 15 ph\u00fat, v\u1edbt ra \u0111\u1ec3 r\u00e1o n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ng\u00e2m h\u1ea1t v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea5m 2 s\u00f4i 3 l\u1ea1nh (40-50o<\/sup>C) trong 24 gi\u1edd, v\u1edbt b\u1ecf c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t n\u1ed5i v\u00e0 r\u1eeda chua. Hong h\u1ea1t cho r\u00e1o n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch r\u1ea3i m\u1ecfng h\u1ea1t tr\u00ean nia v\u00e0 ph\u01a1i d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u1eafng nh\u1eb9. H\u1ea1t sau khi hong r\u00e1o n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho v\u00e0o t\u00fai v\u1ea3i (3kg h\u1ea1t \/ t\u00fai) \u0111\u1ec3 n\u01a1i tho\u00e1ng m\u00e1t. H\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y r\u1eeda chua 1 l\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea5m 30o<\/sup>C, hong h\u1ea1t kh\u00f4 l\u1ea1i \u1ee7 ti\u1ebfp. \u1ede nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e8n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ee7 h\u1ea1t. H\u1ea1t s\u1ebd n\u1ee9t nanh (nh\u00fa m\u1ea7m) sau 5-7 ng\u00e0y, \u0111em gieo v\u00e0o b\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c gieo tr\u00ean lu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

Gieo h\u1ea1t v\u00e0o b\u1ea7u:<\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc cho b\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ee7 \u1ea9m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi gieo h\u1ea1t \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 1 bu\u1ed5i, b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u1ea7u b\u1ecb v\u01a1i. Ch\u1ecdc 1 l\u1ed7 gi\u1eefa m\u1eb7t b\u1ea7u s\u00e2u 0,6-0,8cm, cho 1-2 h\u1ea1t \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ee9t nanh xu\u1ed1ng l\u1ed7 v\u00e0 l\u1ea5p k\u00edn h\u1ea1t. T\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1eb1ng v\u00f2i phun x\u01b0\u01a1ng ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ee7 l\u01b0\u1edbi th\u01b0a tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t lu\u1ed1ng r\u1ed3i d\u00f9ng \u00f4 doa t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc. D\u00f9ng r\u01a1m r\u1ea1 ho\u1eb7c l\u00e1 th\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng b\u1eb1ng thu\u1ed1c t\u00edm 0,1% che ph\u1ee7 m\u1eb7t b\u1ea7u, d\u00e0y 1-2cm sau l\u00fac gieo v\u00e0 d\u1ee1 b\u1ecf khi h\u1ea1t b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u00fa kh\u1ecfi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

Gieo h\u1ea1t tr\u00ean lu\u1ed1ng:<\/p>\n

Lu\u1ed1ng gieo r\u1ed9ng 1m, d\u00e0i 5-10m, cao 10-15cm, r\u00e3nh lu\u1ed1ng r\u1ed9ng 50-60cm. N\u1ec1n lu\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ecbt t\u01a1i x\u1ed1p \u0111\u00e3 qua s\u00e0ng l\u1ed7 1cm v\u00e0 tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t lu\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp c\u00e1t nh\u1ecf d\u00e0y 5-8cm. Khi h\u1ea1t n\u1ee9t nanh tr\u00ean 50% c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gieo v\u00e3i \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ea1t tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t lu\u1ed1ng gieo v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 1kg\/ 3m2<\/sup>. C\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0 ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u00ean h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ea1t gieo v\u00e0o b\u1ea7u. Trong v\u00f2ng 5-7 ng\u00e0y khi c\u00e2y m\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ea1t d\u1ea1ng que di\u00eam th\u00ec \u0111em c\u1ea5y v\u00e0o b\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

C\u1ea5y c\u00e2y m\u1ea7m:<\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc cho b\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ee7 \u1ea9m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u1ea5y \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 1 bu\u1ed5i. D\u00f9ng que tre k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc 5mm v\u00f3t nh\u1ecdn ch\u1ecdc gi\u1eefa b\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 nh\u1ecf s\u00e2u h\u01a1n r\u1ec5 c\u00e2y m\u1ea7m. \u0110\u1eb7t c\u00e2y m\u1ea7m sao cho c\u1ed5 r\u1ec5 d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1eb7t b\u1ea7u kho\u1ea3ng 3mm, d\u00f9ng que tre \u00e9p ch\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0o r\u1ec5 c\u00e2y m\u1ea7m. Sau khi c\u1ea5y ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee7 \u1ea9m v\u00e0 gi\u1eef \u1ea9m th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean. D\u1ef1 tr\u1eef 10% h\u1ea1t m\u1ea7m ho\u1eb7c c\u00e2y m\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea5y d\u1eb7m. \u1ede n\u01a1i c\u00f3 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu n\u00f3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u00e0n che cao 1,8-2m c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00e0n che 0,5-0,7 trong 1 th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u khi c\u1ea5y h\u1ea1t. sau 15-20 ng\u00e0y ki\u1ec3m k\u00ea c\u00e2y m\u1ea7m v\u00e0 c\u1ea5y d\u1eb7m b\u1eb1ng c\u00e2y m\u1ea7m d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef.<\/p>\n

Ch\u0103m s\u00f3c c\u00e2y con:<\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0o s\u00e1ng s\u1edbm 6-7 gi\u1edd ho\u1eb7c chi\u1ec1u m\u00e1t 17-18 gi\u1edd. Hai th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0\u1edbi 2 l\u1ea7n\/ng\u00e0y, th\u00e1ng th\u1ee9 3 v\u00e0 4 t\u01b0\u1edbi 1 l\u1ea7n \/ng\u00e0y, t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng th\u1ee9 5 \u0111\u1ebfn khi xu\u1ea5t v\u01b0\u1eddn t\u01b0\u1edbi 1 l\u1ea7n \/ 2 ng\u00e0y. Kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edbi qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u g\u00e2y \u00fang. L\u00e0m c\u1ecf ph\u00e1 v\u00e1ng 15-20 ng\u00e0y 1 l\u1ea7n trong 2 th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u, c\u00e1c th\u00e1ng sau trung b\u00ecnh 1 l\u1ea7n \/ th\u00e1ng. Sau khi c\u1ea5y c\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 30 ng\u00e0y th\u1ea5y c\u00e2y y\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n Supe l\u00e2n 0,5% lu\u00e2n phi\u00ean v\u1edbi ph\u00e2n DAP 0,2% ho\u1eb7c NPK(5:10:3) n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 0,5% v\u1edbi li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 2,5 l\u00edt\/m2<\/sup>. M\u1ed7i tu\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u1edbi ph\u00e2n 1 l\u1ea7n cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi th\u1ea5y c\u00e2y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. Ngay sau m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u1edbi ph\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i r\u1eeda l\u00e1 k\u1ef9 b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e3.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00f2ng b\u1ec7nh:<\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea3i phun thu\u1ed1c Basurin \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb ki\u1ebfn, d\u1ebf ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i; phun Benlat 0,2-0,5%o v\u1edbi li\u1ec1u 0,3 l\u00edt\/m2<\/sup>, phun 2 tu\u1ea7n \/ l\u1ea7n cho th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng b\u1ec7nh l\u1edf c\u1ed5 r\u1ec5. Phun Booc\u0111\u00f4 0,5-1% v\u1edbi li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 1 l\u00edt\/4-6m2<\/sup>, phun 2 tu\u1ea7n \/l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb b\u1ec7nh r\u01a1m l\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Tr\u1ecb s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh:<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 chu\u1ed9t, chim ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7t b\u1eaby xua \u0111u\u1ed5i. Khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n b\u1ec7nh l\u1edf c\u1ed5 r\u1ec5 ph\u1ea3i ng\u1eebng t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 phun Benlat 3 ng\u00e0y \/ l\u1ea7n. N\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng b\u1ecb r\u01a1m l\u00e1 ph\u1ea3i ng\u01b0ng t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng Booc \u0111\u00f4 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 1%, li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 1 l\u00edt \/ 4-6m2<\/sup>, phun 1 l\u1ea7n\/tu\u1ea7n cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi h\u1ebft b\u1ec7nh. N\u1ebfu ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0ng c\u00f2i kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t c\u1ea7n x\u0103m b\u1ea7u, ph\u00e1 v\u00e0ng t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng tho\u00e1ng cho b\u1ea7u v\u00e0 th\u1ea5m n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1t, b\u1ed5 sung m\u00f9n th\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch r\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea5t m\u00f9n l\u00ean m\u1eb7t b\u1ea7u v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1eef \u1ea9m.<\/p>\n

Khi c\u00e2y 3-5 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i, cao 15cm ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y theo chi\u1ec1u cao v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u0103m s\u00f3c k\u1ef9 h\u01a1n cho nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y k\u00e9m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1ed3ng 15-20 ng\u00e0y c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o b\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00e3m c\u00e2y v\u00e0 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n c\u00e2y. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ea3o b\u1ea7u c\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1eabm n\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o b\u1ea7u v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y tr\u1eddi m\u00e1t v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc sau khi \u0111\u1ea3o b\u1ea7u 1 ng\u00e0y. C\u00e2y c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u cao tr\u00ean 25cm c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o b\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00e3m c\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00e2y con \u0111em tr\u1ed3ng:<\/p>\n

C\u00e2y \u01b0\u01a1m 6-8 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i, cao 15-20cm, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh c\u1ed5 r\u1ec5 tr\u00ean 3mm, sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00e2y c\u1ee9ng kh\u1ecfe, l\u00e1 chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb m\u00e0u xanh l\u1ee5c sang m\u00e0u xanh chu\u1ed1i non, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb c\u1ee5t ng\u1ecdn, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb v\u1ee1 b\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

4. Tr\u00f4\u0300ng va\u0300 ch\u0103m so\u0301c r\u01b0\u0300ng<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ng\u00e0nh 04TCN 65-2003 – Quy tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng Th\u00f4ng ba l\u00e1 ban h\u00e0nh k\u00e8m theo quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 188 ng\u00e0y 23\/01\/2003 c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 NN&PTNT.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n g\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng:<\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng ba l\u00e1 tr\u1ed3ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh n\u0103m 18-22o<\/sup>C, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed1i cao 20-32o<\/sup>C, t\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a 1800-2500 mm, s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ng h\u1ea1n 2-3 th\u00e1ng, \u0111\u1ed9 cao tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i 800-1600m, \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 s\u01b0\u1eddn, d\u1ed1c <25o<\/sup>, \u0111\u1ea5t Feralit v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ecf, n\u00e2u \u0111\u1ecf, \u0111\u1ecf v\u00e0ng, \u0111\u1ea5t m\u00f9n tr\u00ean n\u00fai, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi nh\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ebfn trung b\u00ecnh, t\u1ea7ng d\u00e0y >50cm, pHKCl<\/sub>=4-4,5. C\u00f3 th\u1ef1c b\u00ec l\u00e0 r\u1eebng ngh\u00e8o ki\u1ec7t, r\u1eebng th\u01b0a c\u00f3 t\u1ebf gu\u1ed9t.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh n\u0103m 16-24o<\/sup>C, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed1i cao 32-36o<\/sup>C, t\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a 1500-2500 mm, s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ng h\u1ea1n 1-5 th\u00e1ng, \u0111\u1ed9 cao tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i 600-2000m, \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec9nh, d\u1ed1c 25-35o<\/sup>, \u0111\u1ea5t Feralit v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ecf, n\u00e2u \u0111\u1ecf, n\u00e2u v\u00e0ng, \u0111\u1ecf v\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1 c\u00e1t, phi\u1ebfn th\u1ea1ch micasit, ph\u00f9 sa c\u1ed5, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi nh\u1eb9, s\u00e9t v\u1eadt l\u00fd 15-30%, t\u1ea7ng d\u00e0y 30-50cm, pHKCl<\/sub>=3,5-5,5. \u0110\u1ea5t b\u1ecf h\u00f3a sau n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1eaby 2-3 n\u0103m, th\u1ef1c b\u00ec l\u00e0 c\u00e2y b\u1ee5i, L\u1ed3 \u00f4, Sim, Mua, Th\u1ea9u t\u1ea5u.<\/p>\n

H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh n\u0103m d\u01b0\u1edbi 16 ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ean 24o<\/sup>C, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed1i cao tr\u00ean 36o<\/sup>C, t\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a d\u01b0\u1edbi 1500 ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ean 2500 mm, s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ng h\u1ea1n tr\u00ean 5 th\u00e1ng, \u0111\u1ed9 cao tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i d\u01b0\u1edbi 600m ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ean 2000m, \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p, \u0111\u1ea7m l\u1ea7y, d\u1ed1c >35o<\/sup>, \u0111\u1ea5t ki\u1ec1m, tho\u00e1i h\u00f3a, \u0111\u1ea5t gl\u00e2y, \u0111\u1ea5t l\u1ea7y th\u1ee5t, \u0111\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e1 B\u00f4xit, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi s\u00e9t v\u1eadt l\u00fd >60%, t\u1ea7ng d\u00e0y <30cm, pHKCl<\/sub>th\u1ea5ph\u01a1n 3,5 ho\u1eb7c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 5,5, c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c b\u00ec g\u1ed3m c\u1ecf M\u1ef9, c\u1ecf l\u00e1 c\u1ee9ng, c\u1ecf tranh, c\u1ecf l\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

Khi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng ph\u1ea3i thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u0103ng c\u1ea3n l\u1eeda, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y r\u1eebng theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ng\u00e0nh 04TCN 89-2006 – Quy ph\u1ea1m ph\u00f2ng ch\u00e1y ch\u1eefa ch\u00e1y r\u1eebng th\u00f4ng c\u1ea3 B\u1ed9 NN&PTNT. B\u0103ng c\u1ea3n l\u1eeda l\u00e0 b\u0103ng tr\u1eafng ho\u1eb7c b\u0103ng xanh. Lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean b\u0103ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i keo v\u00f9ng cao, keo lai, Keo tai t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 v\u00e0 kinh doanh g\u1ed7 l\u1edbn n\u00ean tr\u1ed3ng h\u1ed7n lo\u00e0i v\u1edbi keo v\u00f9ng cao ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba kh\u00e1c, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 1660 c\u00e2y\/ha, trong \u0111\u00f3 Th\u00f4ng ba l\u00e1 chi\u1ebfm 2\/3 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p g\u1ed7 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea5y th\u00ec tr\u1ed3ng thu\u1ea7n lo\u00e0i v\u1edbi m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 2500 c\u00e2y\/ha.<\/p>\n

V\u00f9ng T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00f9a m\u01b0a, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 6 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 8. Ri\u00eang khu v\u1ef1c KonPl\u00f4ng v\u00e0 Ng\u1ecdc Linh (Kon Tum) m\u00f9a tr\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 9.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1t th\u1ef1c b\u00ec to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, ch\u1eb7t to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e2y b\u1ee5i, d\u00e2y leo, c\u00e1nh nh\u00e1nh, b\u0103m th\u00e0nh \u0111o\u1ea1n ng\u1eafn v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 1-4. \u0110\u1ed1t v\u00e0 d\u1ecdn th\u1ef1c b\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00f9a m\u01b0a, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng 1-2 th\u00e1ng. Kh\u00f4ng x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u1ef1c b\u00ec v\u00e0 tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng ven khe trong ph\u1ea1m vi \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 10m k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb l\u00f2ng khe su\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e0o h\u1ed1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc 30x30x30cm, \u0111\u1ec3 ri\u00eang l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u1edbi \u1edf 2 b\u00ean mi\u1ec7ng h\u1ed1, xong tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1ed3ng 1 th\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n

H\u1ea5t l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1eb7t v\u00e0o h\u1ed1 v\u00e0 tr\u1ed9n \u0111\u1ec1u v\u1edbi 50g NPK (5:10:3) ho\u1eb7c 100g supe l\u00e2n r\u1ed3i l\u1ea5p h\u1ed1 cao h\u01a1n m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean 2-3cm, xong tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1ed3ng \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 7-15 ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1eafng nh\u1eb9, r\u00e2m m\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c m\u01b0a nh\u1ecf. D\u00f9ng cu\u1ed1c \u00a0ho\u1eb7c bay kh\u01a1i h\u1ed1 r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n b\u1ea7u v\u00e0 s\u00e2u h\u01a1n b\u1ea7u 1-2cm \u1edf gi\u1eefa h\u1ed1. R\u1ea1ch b\u1ecf v\u1ecf b\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2y con th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa h\u1ed1, tr\u00e1nh l\u00e0m v\u1ee1 b\u1ea7u. D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t t\u01a1i \u1edf l\u1edbp m\u1eb7t b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y h\u1ed1, \u00e9p ch\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t xung quanh b\u1ea7u v\u00e0 vun th\u00eam \u0111\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh mai r\u00f9a cao h\u01a1n m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng 2-3cm. C\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea3i ra h\u1ed1 ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ed3ng h\u1ebft trong ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Sau khi tr\u1ed3ng 20-30 ng\u00e0y ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1ng, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea1t d\u01b0\u1edbi 85% ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ed3ng gi\u1eb7m theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ee5 tr\u1ed3ng n\u0103m sau t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea1t 85% th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c tr\u1ed3ng gi\u1eb7m b\u1eb1ng c\u00e2y con c\u1ee7a n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

Ch\u0103m s\u00f3c r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng 5 n\u0103m li\u1ec1n. N\u0103m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t ch\u0103m s\u00f3c 1 l\u1ea7n v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00f9a kh\u00f4, g\u1ed3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ef1c b\u00ec to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 gi\u1eaby c\u1ecf xung quanh g\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n

N\u0103m th\u1ee9 2 v\u00e0 3 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c m\u1ed7i n\u0103m 2 l\u1ea7n. L\u1ea7n 1 g\u1ed3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ef1c b\u00ec to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, gi\u1eaby c\u1ecf theo h\u00e0ng 1m, vun x\u1edbi quanh g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y r\u1ed9ng 60cm v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00f9a m\u01b0a. L\u1ea7n 2 g\u1ed3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ef1c b\u00ec to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, gi\u1eaby c\u1ecf theo h\u00e0ng r\u1ed9ng 1m, vun x\u1edbi quanh g\u1ed1c r\u1ed9ng 60cm, \u0111\u1ed1t s\u1ea1ch gi\u1eefa 2 h\u00e0ng c\u00e2y v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00f9a kh\u00f4.<\/p>\n

N\u0103m th\u1ee9 4 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c 2 l\u1ea7n. L\u1ea7n 1 ph\u00e1t th\u1ef1c b\u00ec to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00f9a m\u01b0a. L\u1ea7n 2 ph\u00e1t th\u1ef1c b\u00ec to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, d\u1ecdn s\u1ea1ch c\u1ecf.<\/p>\n

N\u0103m th\u1ee9 5 ph\u00e1t th\u1ef1c b\u00ec to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n 1 l\u1ea7n v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00f9a kh\u00f4.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fa \u00fd ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i theo quy ph\u1ea1m k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i c\u00e2y r\u1eebng ban h\u00e0nh k\u00e8m theo quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 2181\/Q\u0110-BNN-KHCN ng\u00e0y 23\/5\/2001 c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 NN&PTNT.<\/p>\n

T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00f2ng ch\u00e1y v\u00e0 ch\u1eefa ch\u00e1y r\u1eebng theo theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n N\u00f4ng th\u00f4n.<\/p>\n

5. Khai tha\u0301c, s\u01b0\u0309 du\u0323ng<\/b><\/p>\n

G\u1ed7 c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng 0,75, x\u1ebfp nh\u00f3m IV, d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f3ng bao b\u00ec, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n, l\u00e0m g\u1ed7 tr\u1ee5 m\u1ecf, ho\u1eb7c nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u gi\u1ea5y v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ed9c th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng khai th\u00e1c nh\u1ef1a t\u1ed1t. L\u00e0 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng cho c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, ph\u1ee7 xanh \u0111\u1ed3i n\u00fai tr\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ng\u00e0nh 04TCN 28-2001 – quy ph\u1ea1m t\u1ec9a th\u01b0a r\u1eebng Th\u00f4ng ba l\u00e1 tr\u1ed3ng thu\u1ea7n lo\u00e0i ban h\u00e0nh k\u00e8m theo quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 2382\/Q\u0110-BNN-KHCN ng\u00e0y 31\/5\/2001 c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 NN&PTNT.<\/p>\n

Khi r\u1eebng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e9p t\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 1-3 n\u0103m, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00e0n che t\u1eeb 0,7 tr\u1edf l\u00ean, xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1ec9a th\u01b0a t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e2y trong l\u00e2m ph\u1ea7n th\u00ec t\u1ec9a th\u01b0a l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi r\u1eebng Th\u00f4ng ba l\u00e1 kinh doanh g\u1ed7 nh\u1ecf (gi\u1ea5y, d\u0103m), g\u1ed7 l\u1edbn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o t\u1ec9a th\u01b0a c\u00e1c l\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp theo ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n: R\u1eebng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e9p t\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 1-3 n\u0103m, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i 1-2 n\u0103m n\u1eefa m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 r\u1eebng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00e0n che b\u1eb1ng ho\u1eb7c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 0,7.<\/p>\n

S\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n t\u1ec9a th\u01b0a: R\u1eebng Th\u00f4ng ba l\u00e1 tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u g\u1ed7 nh\u1ecf ch\u1ec9 t\u1ec9a th\u01b0a 2 l\u1ea7n t\u1eeb khi r\u1eebng kh\u00e9p t\u00e1n \u0111\u1ebfn tu\u1ed5i khai th\u00e1c ch\u00ednh. R\u1eebng Th\u00f4ng ba l\u00e1 tr\u1ed3ng cung c\u1ea5p g\u1ed7 l\u1edbn, ph\u1ea3i t\u1ec9a th\u01b0a 3 l\u1ea7n k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi r\u1eebng kh\u00e9p t\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

Tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ec9a th\u01b0a: V\u1edbi m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u 3300 c\u00e2y\/ha, tu\u1ef3 theo m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch kinh doanh v\u00e0 theo c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

C\u1ea5p<\/h1>\n

\u0111\u1ea5t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/h1>\n

Kinh doanh<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng<\/h1>\n

(c\u00e2y\/ha)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

L\u1ea7n t\u1ec9a<\/h1>\n<\/td>\n

\n

C\u1ea5p tu\u1ed5i t\u1ec9a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

C\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9<\/h1>\n

t\u1ec9a % theo s\u1ed1 c\u00e2y<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

S\u1ed1 c\u00e2y c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i sau khi t\u1ec9a (c\u00e2y\/ha)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

D1.3<\/sub> c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

I<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

G\u1ed7 l\u1edbn<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

3300<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

7-8<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

55<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1500<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

7-9<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

15-16<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

53<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

700<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

19-20<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

25<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

53<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

330<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

29-30<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

G\u1ed7 nh\u1ecf<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

3300<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

7-8<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

50<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1650<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

7-9<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

15-16<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

50<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

825<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

19-20<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

II<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

G\u1ed7 l\u1edbn<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

3300<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

7-8<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

55<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1500<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

6-8<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

17-18<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

51<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

730<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

19-20<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

27-28<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

52<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

350<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

28-29<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

G\u1ed7 nh\u1ecf<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

3300<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

7-8<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

50<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.650<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

7-9<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

15-16<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

50<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

825<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

19-20<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

III<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

G\u1ed7 l\u1edbn<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

3300<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

8-9<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

55<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1500<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

6-8<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

19-20<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

50<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

750<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

18-19<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

27-28<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

49<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

380<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

24-25<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

G\u1ed7 nh\u1ecf<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

3300<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

8-9<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

50<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.650<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

6-8<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

19-20<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

50<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

825<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

18-19<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

VI<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

G\u1ed7 nh\u1ecf<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

3300<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

10-11<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

55<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1500<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

7-9<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

19-20<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

33<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

15-16<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

V<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

G\u1ed7 nh\u1ecf<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

3300<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

11-12<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

55<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1500<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

7-8<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

19-20<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

26<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1100<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

12-13<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

V\u1edbi m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u 2500 c\u00e2y\/ha ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c khi t\u1ec9a th\u01b0a ch\u1ec9 quan t\u00e2m t\u1edbi s\u1ed1 c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i, kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n theo c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ec9a th\u01b0a (%).<\/p>\n

M\u00f9a t\u1ec9a th\u01b0a t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 v\u00e0o m\u00f9a kh\u00f4 hanh, nh\u01b0ng tu\u1ef3 theo \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh r\u1eebng, kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u00e0 m\u00f9a t\u1ec9a th\u01b0a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng sang c\u00e1c th\u00e1ng kh\u00e1c tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c th\u00e1ng m\u01b0a nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2y b\u00e0i ch\u1eb7t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y \u0111ang ch\u1ebft, b\u1ecb s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh, l\u1ec7ch t\u00e1n, cong queo, c\u1ee5t ng\u1ecdn ho\u1eb7c hai ng\u1ecdn, b\u1ecb ch\u00e8n \u00e9p (c\u00e2y thu\u1ed9c c\u1ea5p IV, V v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea5p III n\u1ebfu c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ec9a m\u1ea1nh theo c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a Kraft), c\u00e2y sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn ch\u00e8n \u00e9p m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00e2y xung quanh.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng khu r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00fang h\u00e0ng l\u1ed1i, c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1ng cao, c\u00e2y sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea3 hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ec9a c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 t\u1ec9a ch\u1ecdn. Nh\u1eefng khu r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang h\u00e0ng l\u1ed1i, \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh d\u1ed1c, r\u1eebng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u00e1 tu\u1ed5i t\u1ec9a th\u01b0a th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ec9a ch\u1ecdn. Kh\u00f4ng t\u1ec9a 3 c\u00e2y li\u1ec1n nhau trong l\u1ea7n t\u1ec9a \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 2 c\u00e2y li\u1ec1n nhau trong c\u00e1c l\u1ea7n t\u1ec9a sau. Ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c c\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ebfn khai th\u00e1c ch\u00ednh lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng gian dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng. Ph\u1ea3i d\u1eef to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e2y b\u1ee5i, th\u1ea3m t\u01b0\u01a1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y g\u1ed7 t\u00e1i sinh c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u1eb7t h\u1ea1, v\u1eadn xu\u1ea5t, d\u1ecdn v\u1ec7 sinh r\u1eebng sau khi t\u1ec9a th\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong quy tr\u00ecnh khai th\u00e1c r\u1eebng g\u1ed7.<\/p>\n

Sau khi t\u1ec9a th\u01b0a xong, c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ki\u1ec3m tra s\u1ed1 c\u00e2y c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i so v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, s\u1ed1 c\u00e2y c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i sau khi khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5 v\u1ee1, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00e2y c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i, t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh v\u1ec7 sinh r\u1eebng,\u2026<\/p>\n

C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ed7 l\u1ea5y ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra theo Bi\u1ec3u c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 Bi\u1ec3u th\u1ec3 t\u00edch Th\u00f4ng ba l\u00e1.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

TH\u00d4NG BA LA\u0301 T\u00ean kh\u00e1c: Ngo tr\u1eafng T\u00ean khoa ho\u0323c: Pinus kesiya Royle ex Gordon ho\u1eb7c Pinus insularis Endl. ho\u1eb7c Pinus khasya Royle ex Hook.f. H\u1ecd th\u01b0\u0323c v\u1eadt: Th\u00f4ng (Pinaceae) 1. \u0110\u0103\u0323c \u0111i\u00ea\u0309m hi\u0300nh tha\u0301i C\u00e2y g\u1ed7 cao 30-40 m, th\u00e2n th\u1eb3ng tr\u00f2n, v\u1ecf m\u1ea7u n\u00e2u s\u1eabm, n\u1ee9t d\u1ecdc s\u00e2u, sau bong m\u1ea3nh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[15,72],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13301"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13301"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13301\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13305,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13301\/revisions\/13305"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13301"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13301"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13301"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}