{"id":13274,"date":"2014-08-04T16:40:53","date_gmt":"2014-08-04T09:40:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/?p=13274"},"modified":"2014-08-01T10:38:29","modified_gmt":"2014-08-01T03:38:29","slug":"ky-thuat-trong-sao-den","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/ky-thuat-trong-sao-den\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng Sao \u0111en"},"content":{"rendered":"

SAO \u0110EN<\/b><\/p>\n

T\u00ean khoa h\u1ecdc: Hopea odorata <\/i>Roxb.<\/i><\/p>\n

H\u1ecd th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt: D\u1ea7u (Dipterocarpaceae)<\/p>\n

1. \u0110\u0103\u0323c \u0111i\u00ea\u0309m hi\u0300nh tha\u0301i<\/b><\/p>\n

C\u00e2y g\u1ed7 l\u1edbn cao 30-40m, th\u00e2n h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5 th\u1eb3ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 60-80cm. T\u00e1n nh\u1ecf, t\u1ec9a c\u00e0nh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean t\u1ed1t n\u00ean \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u00e2n d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e0nh d\u00e0i v\u00e0 th\u1eb3ng. V\u1ecf m\u00e0u n\u00e2u \u0111en, n\u1ee9t d\u1ecdc x\u00f9 x\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ee3i. C\u00e0nh non v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng l\u00e1 ph\u1ee7 l\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

L\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n h\u00ecnh ng\u1ecdn gi\u00e1o d\u00e0i 9-11cm, m\u1eb7t tr\u00ean m\u00e0u xanh th\u1eabm, g\u00e2n l\u00e1 n\u1ed7i r\u00f5. Thay l\u00e1 v\u00e0o m\u00f9a kh\u00f4 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng r\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac nh\u01b0 c\u00e2y kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Hoa m\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh ch\u00f9m c\u00f3 t\u1eeb 11-12 nh\u00e1nh nh\u1ecf, m\u1ed7i nh\u00e1nh c\u00f3 4-6 hoa, n\u1edf v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 2-3. Qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 hai c\u00e1nh d\u00e0i 5-6cm, l\u00fac non m\u00e0u xanh nh\u1ea1t khi gi\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00e0u n\u00e2u, ch\u00edn v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 4-5. M\u1ed9t kg h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 3000 h\u1ea1t. \u1ede c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh ph\u00eda Nam chu k\u1ef3 sai qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 1-2n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

\"Saoden\"<\/a><\/p>\n

2. \u0110\u0103\u0323c ti\u0301nh sinh tha\u0301i<\/b><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1edf L\u00e0o, C\u0103mpuchia, Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong r\u1eebng l\u00e1 r\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xanh k\u00edn \u1ea9m m\u01b0a m\u00f9a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi, nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t \u1edf v\u00f9ng \u0110\u00f4ng Nam B\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2y m\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e1m h\u1ed7n giao v\u1edbi c\u00e2y h\u1ecd D\u1ea7u kh\u00e1c trong r\u1eebng r\u1eadm \u1ea9m m\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi. Ch\u1ecbu b\u00f3ng khi c\u00f2n nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0ng t\u1eeb 3-4 tu\u1ed5i tr\u1edf \u0111i \u01b0a s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n v\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean t\u1ea7ng tr\u00ean. Sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ed1t tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t x\u00e1m ph\u00f9 sa c\u1ed5, s\u00e9t pha c\u00e1t \u1edf v\u00f9ng \u0110\u00f4ng Nam B\u1ed9, th\u00edch h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecf ba dan s\u00e2u t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 \u1ea9m m\u00e1t v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 pH 4,5-5,0 \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u1eeb 800m tr\u1edf xu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

Sao \u0111en sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t n\u01a1i c\u00f3 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi 2 m\u00f9a m\u01b0a v\u00e0 kh\u00f4 r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh 24-25o<\/sup>C, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a 1800-2000mm\/n\u0103m. Khi \u0111\u01b0a sao \u0111en tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc tuy v\u1eabn sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00e1 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t ph\u00f9 sa s\u00e2u \u1ea9m ra hoa nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i sinh ch\u1ed3i g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 ch\u1ed3i r\u1ec5 m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng thua k\u00e9m c\u00e2y h\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n

3. Gi\u00f4\u0301ng va\u0300 ta\u0323o c\u00e2y con<\/b><\/p>\n

Thu l\u01b0\u1ee3m h\u1ea1t d\u01b0\u1edbi g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng ho\u1eb7c sau c\u01a1n gi\u00f4ng \u1edf r\u1eebng gi\u1ed1ng chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn. Ch\u1ecdn nh\u1eefng qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1nh m\u00e0u xanh chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1m n\u00e2u.<\/p>\n

H\u1ea1t r\u1ea5t nhanh m\u1ea5t s\u1ee9c n\u1ea9y m\u1ea7m n\u00ean thu ho\u1ea1ch xong c\u1ea7n gieo ngay. N\u1ebfu ph\u1ea3i v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng \u0111i xa th\u00ec n\u00ean tr\u1ed9n h\u1ea1t v\u1edbi c\u00e1t \u1ea9m\u00a0 cho v\u00e0o th\u00f9ng g\u1ed7 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e2u qu\u00e1 5-6 ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Gieo h\u1ea1t v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 4-5 ngay sau khi h\u1ea1t ch\u00edn, k\u1ecbp tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 5-7 n\u0103m sau.<\/p>\n

C\u1eaft b\u1ecf c\u00e1nh h\u1ea1t, ch\u1eeba l\u1ea1i 1-2cm, ng\u00e2m v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e3 2-3gi\u1edd r\u1ed3i \u0111em gieo.<\/p>\n

Lu\u1ed1ng gieo \u1edf n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t, \u1ea9m, r\u1ed9ng 1m, cao 0,1-0,15m v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

Gieo h\u1ea1t tr\u00ean r\u1ea1ch ngang lu\u1ed1ng c\u00e1ch nhau 15cm, \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1nh l\u00ean tr\u00ean v\u00e0 ph\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1ea5p k\u00edn \u0111\u1ec9nh h\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n

Sau khi gieo 3-4 ng\u00e0y h\u1ea1t b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m, \u0111em c\u1ea5y v\u00e0o b\u1ea7u Poly\u00eatylen r\u1ed9ng 14-15cm, cao 15-20cm, th\u1ee7ng \u0111\u00e1y ho\u1eb7c d\u00e1n \u0111\u00e1y \u0111\u1ee5c l\u1ed7.<\/p>\n

Ru\u1ed9t b\u1ea7u g\u1ed3m h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p 75-80% \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi r\u1eebng l\u00e1 r\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xanh tr\u1ed9n v\u1edbi 15-20% ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng hoai v\u00e0 1% supe l\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

C\u1ea7n c\u00f3 d\u00e0n che l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u che 50% \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e1o g\u1ee1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea7n khi tu\u1ed5i c\u00e2y t\u0103ng l\u00ean v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u00e0m c\u1ecf b\u1eaft s\u00e2u trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u0103m s\u00f3c.<\/p>\n

Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00e2y \u0111em tr\u1ed3ng: C\u00e2y 12 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh c\u1ed5 r\u1ec5 0,4-0,5cm, cao 1,0-1,2m, xanh t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9t r\u1ec5 c\u00e1i.<\/p>\n

4. Tr\u00f4\u0300ng va\u0300 ch\u0103m so\u0301c r\u01b0\u0300ng<\/b><\/p>\n

Th\u1eddi v\u1ee5 tr\u1ed3ng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 5-7. \u0110\u00e0o h\u1ed1 40x40x40 cm.<\/p>\n

C\u1ea7n ch\u1ecdn n\u01a1i tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf c\u00e1c ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea5t s\u00e2u m\u00e1t d\u01b0\u1edbi r\u1eebng th\u1ee9 sinh ki\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c r\u1eebng sau khai th\u00e1c. X\u1eed l\u00fd th\u1ef1c b\u00ec theo \u0111\u00e1m, theo b\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n t\u00f9y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c tr\u1ed3ng nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eef l\u1edbp c\u00e2y ph\u00f9 tr\u1ee3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng che l\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c l\u1ea5n \u00e1t c\u00e2y Sao \u0111en.<\/p>\n

\u1ede \u0110\u00f4ng Nam B\u1ed9 khi tr\u1ed3ng theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c x\u1eed l\u00fd to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, tr\u1ed3ng Mu\u1ed3ng \u0111en l\u00e0m c\u00e2y b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 \u0110\u1eadu tr\u00e0m ph\u00f9 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap cho Sao \u0111en sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t. M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 400-500 c\u00e2y\/ha, c\u1ef1 ly 5-6m x 4m.<\/p>\n

Ch\u0103m s\u00f3c 3 n\u0103m li\u1ec1n, m\u1ed7i n\u0103m 2-3 l\u1ea7n. Ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t d\u1ecdn c\u00e2y c\u1ecf x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n v\u00e0 vun x\u1edbi g\u1ed1c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i m\u00f9a m\u01b0a.<\/p>\n

C\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y r\u1eebng trong m\u00f9a kh\u00f4.<\/p>\n

T\u00f9y \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t ho\u1eb7c x\u1ea5u v\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng d\u00e0y hay th\u01b0a, sau 8-10 n\u0103m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ec9a th\u01b0a l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf t\u00e1n cho c\u00e2y sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i.<\/p>\n

5. Khai tha\u0301c, s\u01b0\u0309 du\u0323ng<\/b><\/p>\n

G\u1ed7 Sao \u0111en x\u1ebfp nh\u00f3m II, t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng 0,75, d\u1ec5 c\u01b0a, b\u00e0o v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n ch\u1eafc c\u1ea3 \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4, \u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c ch\u00f4n d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, \u0111\u00f3ng t\u00e0u thuy\u1ec1n, t\u00e0 v\u1eb9t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ed9c,…<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng, tr\u1ed3ng b\u1ed5 sung d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1n, l\u1ed7 tr\u1ed1ng theo \u0111\u00e1m hay theo b\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1eebng ngh\u00e8o ki\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c r\u1eebng sau khai th\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e2n cao, d\u00e1ng \u0111\u1eb9p n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n, trong c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean, l\u00e0m c\u00e2y b\u00f3ng m\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

SAO \u0110EN T\u00ean khoa h\u1ecdc: Hopea odorata Roxb. H\u1ecd th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt: D\u1ea7u (Dipterocarpaceae) 1. \u0110\u0103\u0323c \u0111i\u00ea\u0309m hi\u0300nh tha\u0301i C\u00e2y g\u1ed7 l\u1edbn cao 30-40m, th\u00e2n h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5 th\u1eb3ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 60-80cm. T\u00e1n nh\u1ecf, t\u1ec9a c\u00e0nh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean t\u1ed1t n\u00ean \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u00e2n d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e0nh d\u00e0i v\u00e0 th\u1eb3ng. V\u1ecf m\u00e0u n\u00e2u \u0111en, n\u1ee9t d\u1ecdc x\u00f9 x\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ee3i. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[15,72],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13274"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13274"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13274\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13276,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13274\/revisions\/13276"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13274"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13274"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13274"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}