{"id":13178,"date":"2014-07-16T11:22:01","date_gmt":"2014-07-16T04:22:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/?p=13178"},"modified":"2014-07-14T13:37:27","modified_gmt":"2014-07-14T06:37:27","slug":"ky-thuat-trong-muong-den","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/ky-thuat-trong-muong-den\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng Mu\u1ed3ng \u0111en"},"content":{"rendered":"

MU\u00d4\u0300NG \u0110EN<\/b><\/p>\n

T\u00ean kh\u00e1c: Mu\u1ed3ng xi\u00eam<\/p>\n

T\u00ean khoa h\u1ecdc: Cassia siamea<\/i> Lamarck,<\/p>\n

Senna siamea<\/i> (Lamk) Iruvin & Barnby<\/p>\n

H\u1ecd th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt: Vang (Caesalpiniaceae)<\/p>\n

1. \u0110\u0103\u0323c \u0111i\u00ea\u0309m hi\u0300nh tha\u0301i<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/i>C\u00e2y g\u1ed7 l\u1edbn, cao 15-20m, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 30-35cm. V\u1ecf m\u00e0u x\u00e1m nh\u1ea1t, n\u1ee9t d\u1ecdc. C\u00e0nh non c\u00f3 kh\u00eda, ph\u1ee7 l\u00f4ng m\u1ecbn. T\u00e1n d\u00e0i, r\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

L\u00e1 k\u00e9p l\u00f4ng chim m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n ch\u1eb5n, m\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch, d\u00e0i 10-25cm, cu\u1ed1ng l\u00e1 d\u00e0i 2-3cm. L\u00e1 ch\u00e9t 7-15 \u0111\u00f4i, m\u00e0u xanh th\u1eabm, h\u00ecnh b\u1ea7u d\u1ee5c, d\u00e0i 3-7cm, r\u1ed9ng 1-2cm, \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u00f2n hay l\u00f5m v\u1edbi 1 m\u00fai nh\u1ecdn ng\u1eafn, g\u1ed1c tr\u00f2n. L\u00e1 k\u00e8m nh\u1ecf, d\u1ec5 r\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

C\u1ee5m hoa chu\u1ef3 l\u1edbn \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e0nh, m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng. Ra hoa th\u00e1ng 7-12, qu\u1ea3 ch\u00edn th\u00e1ng 1-4 n\u0103m sau. Qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eadu d\u1eb9t, nh\u1eb5n, l\u01b0\u1ee3n s\u00f3ng, d\u00e0i 20-30cm, r\u1ed9ng 1-1,5cm, khi ch\u00edn m\u00e0u \u0111en. M\u1ed7i qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 20-30 h\u1ea1t d\u1eb9t, h\u00ecnh b\u1ea7u d\u1ee5c r\u1ed9ng, khi ch\u00edn c\u00f3 m\u00e0u n\u00e2u.<\/p>\n

\"Muong<\/a><\/p>\n

2. \u0110\u0103\u0323c ti\u0301nh sinh tha\u0301i<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/i>C\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1, m\u1ecdc \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, L\u00e0o, Campuchia, Th\u00e1i Lan, Mianma, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Philippin,… \u1ede Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00e2y m\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean t\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc tr\u1edf v\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh ph\u00eda Nam, nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t \u1edf Gia Lai, Kon Tum, \u0110\u1eafc L\u1eafc, \u0110\u1ed3ng Nai. Ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao t\u1edbi 1200m so v\u1edbi m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, n\u01a1i c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n n\u0103m tr\u00ean 1500mm nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n n\u0103m d\u01b0\u1edbi 500mm.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2y trung t\u00ednh thi\u00ean v\u1ec1 \u01b0a s\u00e1ng, \u01b0a \u0111\u1ea5t gi\u00e0u canxi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ed3i t\u1ee5 trung t\u00ednh m\u00e0u m\u1ee1, \u1ea9m. M\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00f4 c\u1eb1n, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t ngh\u00e8o x\u1ea5u. C\u00e2y m\u1ecdc nhanh, s\u1ee9c n\u1ea3y ch\u1ed3i kho\u1ebb. C\u00e2y 3-5 tu\u1ed5i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ra hoa qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

3. Gi\u00f4\u0301ng va\u0300 ta\u0323o c\u00e2y con<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/i>H\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb c\u00e2y m\u1eb9 7-8 tu\u1ed5i tr\u1edf l\u00ean. Thu qu\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 \u0111em ph\u01a1i n\u1eafng r\u1ed3i ch\u00e0 s\u00e1t, t\u00e1ch h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch t\u1ea1p v\u1eadt, b\u1ecf h\u1ea1t v\u00e0o t\u00fai nil\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ec3 n\u01a1i kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o hay \u0111\u01b0a b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n l\u1ea1nh. M\u1ed9t kg c\u00f3 3000 h\u1ea1t, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m 80-90%.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e2m h\u1ea1t trong n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f4i, \u0111\u1ebfn khi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngu\u1ed9i v\u1edbt h\u1ea1t ra, \u0111\u1ec3 r\u00e1o n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110em h\u1ea1t gieo v\u00e0o b\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c \u1ee7 h\u1ea1t trong t\u00fai v\u1ea3i, h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y r\u1eeda chua b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea5m 25-30o<\/sup>C cho n\u1ee9t nanh r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi gieo m\u1ed7i b\u1ea7u 1 h\u1ea1t \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u l\u1ea5p h\u1ea1t 1cm.<\/p>\n

Ru\u1ed9t b\u1ea7u l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1eb7t v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m hay \u0111\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1n c\u00e2y b\u1ee5i tr\u1ed9n v\u1edbi 1-2% supe l\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c 5-10% ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng hoai theo kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

H\u1ea1t gieo sau 3-4 ng\u00e0y th\u00ec n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m, h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee7 \u1ea9m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 15-20 ng\u00e0y l\u00e0m c\u1ecf, ph\u00e1 v\u00e1ng 1 l\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2y gieo \u01b0\u01a1m 2-3 th\u00e1ng, \u0111\u1ea1t chi\u1ec1u cao 20-25cm, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i, c\u1ee5t ng\u1ecdn l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111em tr\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n

4. Tr\u00f4\u0300ng va\u0300 ch\u0103m so\u0301c r\u01b0\u0300ng<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/i>Tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n tr\u00ean b\u00e3i c\u00e1t cao ho\u1eb7c l\u00ean l\u00edp cao 20-30cm tr\u1ed3ng theo \u0111ai l\u01b0\u1edbi \u00f4 vu\u00f4ng tr\u00ean b\u00e3i c\u00e1t \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt m\u00f9a m\u01b0a, gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u00f4 vu\u00f4ng tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 d\u01b0a h\u1ea5u, d\u01b0a gang, \u0111\u1eadu, l\u1ea1c, s\u1eafn, h\u00e0nh, ki\u1ec7u,…<\/p>\n

Tr\u1ed3ng thu\u1ea7n lo\u00e0i ho\u1eb7c h\u1ed7n giao theo b\u0103ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i phi lao, b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n, keo l\u00e1 tr\u00e0m, keo l\u00e1 li\u1ec1m.<\/p>\n

M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng 2.500 c\u00e2y\/ha (2x2m) ho\u1eb7c 2.000 c\u00e2y\/ha (2×2,5m). Cu\u1ed1c h\u1ed1 tr\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc 30x30x40cm, ho\u1eb7c 40x40x50cm.<\/p>\n

Ch\u0103m s\u00f3c 3 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u, m\u1ed7i n\u0103m 2 l\u1ea7n. N\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u0103m s\u00f3c l\u1ea7n 1 sau khi tr\u1ed3ng 2-3 th\u00e1ng. N\u1ed9i dung ch\u0103m s\u00f3c g\u1ed3m ph\u00e1t d\u1ecdn c\u00e2y c\u1ecf, c\u00e2y b\u1ee5i x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n, x\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t quanh g\u1ed1c r\u1ed9ng 0,5-0,8m, vun g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

5. Khai tha\u0301c, s\u01b0\u0309 du\u0323ng<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/i>\u00a0G\u1ed7 c\u00f3 d\u00e1c l\u00f5i ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t, d\u00e1c m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1eafng, d\u00e0y 3-7cm, l\u00f5i m\u00e0u n\u00e2u \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111en t\u00edm. Th\u1edb th\u1eb3ng, k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u h\u01a1i th\u00f4, c\u1ee9ng, t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng 0,912. L\u00f5i kh\u00f3 m\u1ee5c, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb m\u1ed1i m\u1ecdt, d\u00f9ng trong x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ed3 cao c\u1ea5p, \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2y th\u01b0\u1eddng xanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng l\u00e0m c\u00e2y b\u00f3ng m\u00e1t, c\u00e2y c\u1ea3nh quan ven \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng l\u1ea5y g\u1ed7, tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 v\u00f9ng c\u00e1t ven bi\u1ec3n. Tr\u1ed3ng l\u00e0m c\u00e2y che b\u00f3ng cho Ch\u00e8, C\u00e0 ph\u00ea.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/i>Sau 3-4 n\u0103m ch\u1eb7t b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y cong queo, s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh ch\u00e8n \u00e9p c\u00e2y kh\u00e1c t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m c\u1ee7i. R\u1eebng 30-40 tu\u1ed5i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

MU\u00d4\u0300NG \u0110EN T\u00ean kh\u00e1c: Mu\u1ed3ng xi\u00eam T\u00ean khoa h\u1ecdc: Cassia siamea Lamarck, Senna siamea (Lamk) Iruvin & Barnby H\u1ecd th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt: Vang (Caesalpiniaceae) 1. \u0110\u0103\u0323c \u0111i\u00ea\u0309m hi\u0300nh tha\u0301i \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C\u00e2y g\u1ed7 l\u1edbn, cao 15-20m, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 30-35cm. V\u1ecf m\u00e0u x\u00e1m nh\u1ea1t, n\u1ee9t d\u1ecdc. C\u00e0nh non c\u00f3 kh\u00eda, ph\u1ee7 l\u00f4ng m\u1ecbn. T\u00e1n d\u00e0i, r\u1ed9ng. L\u00e1 k\u00e9p […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[15,72],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13178"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13178"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13178\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13180,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13178\/revisions\/13180"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13178"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13178"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13178"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}