{"id":13165,"date":"2014-07-03T11:05:36","date_gmt":"2014-07-03T04:05:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/?p=13165"},"modified":"2014-07-02T11:11:14","modified_gmt":"2014-07-02T04:11:14","slug":"ky-thuat-trong-lim-xet-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/ky-thuat-trong-lim-xet-2\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng Lim x\u1eb9t"},"content":{"rendered":"

LIM XE\u0323T<\/b><\/p>\n

T\u00ean kh\u00e1c: Ho\u00e0ng linh b\u1eafc b\u1ed9, lim vang, x\u1eb9t v\u1ea3y<\/p>\n

T\u00ean khoa h\u1ecdc: Peltophorum pterocarpum<\/i><\/p>\n

(D.C.) <\/i>Backer ex K. Heyne<\/p>\n

H\u1ecd th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt: Vang (Caesalpiniaceae)<\/p>\n

1. \u0110\u0103\u0323c \u0111i\u00ea\u0309m hi\u0300nh tha\u0301i<\/b><\/p>\n

C\u00e2y g\u1ed7 l\u1edbn, cao 25-30m, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngang ng\u1ef1c t\u1edbi 50-60cm. V\u1ecf m\u00e0u n\u00e2u nh\u1ea1t, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00f2ng quanh th\u00e2n, khi gi\u00e0 bong v\u1ea3y. Th\u00e2n th\u1eb3ng, g\u1ed1c c\u00f3 b\u1ea1nh v\u00e8 nh\u1ecf. C\u00e0nh c\u00f3 l\u00f4ng m\u00e0u g\u1ec9 s\u1eaft.<\/p>\n

L\u00e1 k\u00e9p l\u00f4ng chim 2 l\u1ea7n, ch\u1eb5n, m\u00e0u xanh \u0111\u1eadm, c\u00f3 7-16 \u0111\u00f4i cu\u1ed1ng l\u00e1 th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p. M\u1ed7i cu\u1ed1ng l\u00e1 c\u00f3 5-15 \u0111\u00f4i l\u00e1 ch\u00e9t h\u00ecnh thu\u1ed7n tr\u00e1i xoan d\u00e0i 1cm, r\u1ed9ng 4-9mm. L\u00e1 non c\u00f3 l\u00f4ng m\u00e0u r\u1ec9 s\u1eaft, c\u00f3 l\u00e1 k\u00e8m s\u1edbm r\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

Hoa t\u1ef1 ch\u00f9m m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng, m\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e0nh, h\u00ecnh th\u00e1p. Hoa c\u00f3 l\u00f4ng m\u00e0u g\u1ec9 s\u1eaft, l\u00e1 b\u1eafc s\u1edbm r\u1ee5ng. \u0110\u00e0i 5, tr\u00e0ng 5, c\u00f3 bao ph\u1ea5n l\u1eafc l\u01b0. Cu\u1ed1ng hoa d\u00e0i g\u1ea5p 2-3 l\u1ea7n n\u1ee5. B\u1ea7u c\u00f3 l\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ef1ng 3-4 no\u00e3n. Qu\u1ea3 h\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3 tr\u00e1m, m\u1ecfng, d\u00e0i 9-13cm, r\u1ed9ng 2-3cm, m\u00e0u n\u00e2u, c\u00f3 2-4 h\u1ea1t n\u1eb1m ch\u00e9o g\u00f3c 450<\/sup>, v\u1ecf h\u1ea1t c\u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n

\"Limxet\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Trong r\u1eebng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean Lim x\u1eb9t ra hoa k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u1edf tu\u1ed5i 7-8, \u0111\u1ebfn tu\u1ed5i 15-20 r\u1ea5t sai qu\u1ea3. Hoa n\u1edf th\u00e1ng 4-5, qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eadu d\u1eb9t, ch\u00edn th\u00e1ng 8-10. Khi qu\u1ea3 ch\u00edn, v\u1ecf m\u00e0u n\u00e2u s\u1eabm, v\u1ecf qu\u1ea3 d\u00ednh ch\u1eb7t cu\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

2. \u0110\u0103\u0323c ti\u0301nh sinh tha\u0301i<\/b><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 trong r\u1eebng th\u1ee9 sinh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 cao 700m tr\u1edf xu\u1ed1ng \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng ph\u00eda B\u1eafc, mi\u1ec1n Trung v\u00e0 1000m tr\u1edf xu\u1ed1ng \u1edf c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh ph\u00eda Nam, c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a 700-2500mm, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n n\u0103m 20-25o<\/sup>C, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh th\u00e1ng l\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u1edbi 15o<\/sup>C, tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t feralit v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ecf ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean phi\u1ebfn th\u1ea1ch mica, gnai, \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecf badan, \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ed3i t\u1ee5,…<\/p>\n

C\u00e2y \u01b0a s\u00e1ng, chi\u1ebfm t\u1ea7ng tr\u00ean trong r\u1eebng th\u1ee9 sinh, h\u1ed7n lo\u00e0i v\u1edbi tr\u00e1m, d\u1ebb, lim xanh, ng\u00e1t, g\u1ed9i, r\u00e0ng r\u00e0ng, dung,… t\u00e1i sinh theo \u0111\u00e1m sau n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1eaby, \u1edf l\u1ed7 tr\u1ed1ng l\u1edbn trong r\u1eebng v\u00e0 b\u00eca r\u1eebng.<\/p>\n

3. Gi\u00f4\u0301ng va\u0300 ta\u0323o c\u00e2y con<\/b><\/p>\n

C\u00e2y 7-8 tu\u1ed5i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ra hoa, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 l\u1ea5y gi\u1ed1ng \u1edf c\u00e2y 15-20 tu\u1ed5i tr\u1edf l\u00ean. Thu h\u00e1i qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 8-9, khi qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u n\u00e2u ho\u1eb7c x\u00e1m \u0111en, ph\u01a1i kh\u00f4 s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 n\u1ee9t ra, h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 m\u00e0u c\u00e1nh d\u00e1n, b\u00f3ng v\u00e0 c\u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n

C\u1ea5t tr\u1eef h\u1ea1t trong l\u1ecd s\u00e0nh, chum v\u1ea1i 1-2 n\u0103m v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m 75-80% ho\u1eb7c cho v\u00e0o t\u00fai nil\u00f4ng h\u00e0n k\u00edn \u0111\u1ec3 trong t\u1ee7 l\u1ea1nh \u1edf 5-10o<\/sup>C s\u1ebd duy tr\u00ec s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0i n\u0103m. M\u1ed7i kg h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 9.500-11.000 h\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e2m h\u1ea1t trong n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng 60-700<\/sup>C \u0111\u1ec3 ngu\u1ed9i d\u1ea7n sau 8-12 gi\u1edd v\u1edbt ra cho v\u00e0o t\u00fai v\u1ea3i \u1ee7 trong bao t\u1ea3i, m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y r\u1eeda chua m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n, 3-5 ng\u00e0y h\u1ea1t n\u1ee9t nanh, \u0111em gieo v\u00e0o b\u1ea7u. D\u00f9ng b\u1ea7u Poly\u00eatylen k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc 12x19cm. H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p ru\u1ed9t b\u1ea7u g\u1ed3m 70% \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1eb7t tr\u1ed9n \u0111\u1ec1u v\u1edbi 30% ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng hoai.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed7i b\u1ea7u gieo 2-3 h\u1ea1t \u0111\u00e3 x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u1ee7 n\u1ee9t nanh. N\u1ebfu gieo tr\u00ean lu\u1ed1ng th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0y b\u1eeba k\u1ef9, tr\u1ed9n \u0111\u1ec1u v\u1edbi ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng hoai 1,5kg\/m2<\/sup> m\u1eb7t lu\u1ed1ng. Gieo 1 kg h\u1ea1t tr\u00ean 400m2<\/sup> m\u1eb7t lu\u1ed1ng, theo h\u00e0ng, c\u1ef1 ly 20cm x 5-10cm. S\u00e0ng m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1ecbn l\u1ea5p k\u00edn h\u1ea1t, t\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp r\u01a1m r\u1ea1 v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbi gi\u1eef \u1ea9m th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean cho lu\u1ed1ng gieo hay b\u1ea7u gieo.<\/p>\n

Khi h\u1ea1t n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m, d\u1ee1 b\u1ecf l\u1edbp r\u1ea1, thay b\u1eb1ng gi\u00e0n che 30% \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng. Khi c\u00e2y c\u00f3 2-3 l\u00e1 th\u1eadt nh\u1ed5 c\u1ea5y v\u00e0o b\u1ea7u, c\u1ea5y xong ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u1eafm r\u00e0ng che b\u00f3ng, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n d\u1ebf c\u1eafn g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y con.<\/p>\n

Trong 3 th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee7 \u1ea9m cho c\u00e2y, m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y 1 l\u1ea7n, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u1edbi 3-4l\u00edt\/m2<\/sup>. \u0110\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 15-20 ng\u00e0y nh\u1ed5 c\u1ecf, ph\u00e1 v\u00e1ng, t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng hoai ho\u1eb7c NPK(5:10:3) pha lo\u00e3ng 1% hay ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1m sunfat n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 15-20 g\/l\u00edt n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00e2y con \u0111em tr\u1ed3ng: 7-12 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i, cao 0,7-0,8m, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh c\u1ed5 r\u1ec5 0,4-0,5cm, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee5t ng\u1ecdn, b\u1ecb s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n

\"Limxet1\"<\/a><\/p>\n

4. Tr\u00f4\u0300ng va\u0300 ch\u0103m so\u0301c r\u01b0\u0300ng<\/b><\/p>\n

Tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f2n t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1eebng, \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1eebng ngh\u00e8o, \u0111\u1ea5t sau n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1eaby ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ea3ng c\u1ecf c\u00e2y b\u1ee5i c\u00f3 c\u00e2y g\u1ed7 r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Tr\u1ed3ng theo b\u0103ng, theo h\u00e0ng, tr\u1ed3ng l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u r\u1eebng hay theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c n\u00f4ng l\u00e2m k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng h\u1ed7n giao theo h\u00e0ng v\u1edbi L\u00e1t hoa, Re g\u1eebng,…<\/p>\n

Tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y con c\u00f3 b\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c c\u00e2y r\u1ec5 tr\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

Tr\u1ed3ng nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y c\u00f3 m\u01b0a ho\u1eb7c r\u00e2m m\u00e1t v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng\u00a0 4 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 8.<\/p>\n

Tr\u1ed3ng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 1100 c\u00e2y\/ha, c\u1ef1 ly 3x3m, gi\u1eefa hai h\u00e0ng c\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gieo l\u00faa, \u0111\u1ed7, l\u1ea1c.<\/p>\n

Trong th\u1ea3m r\u1eebng ngh\u00e8o, ch\u1eb7t c\u00e2y cao che b\u00f3ng, d\u00e2y leo v\u00e0 d\u1ecdn s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

Cu\u1ed1c h\u1ed1 30x30x30cm ho\u1eb7c 40x40x 40cm.<\/p>\n

Ch\u0103m s\u00f3c 3 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u:<\/p>\n

– N\u0103m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t ch\u0103m s\u00f3c 2 l\u1ea7n v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i m\u00f9a m\u01b0a. Tr\u1ed3ng d\u1eb7m c\u00e2y ch\u1ebft, c\u1eaft b\u1ecf d\u00e2y leo, c\u00e2y ch\u00e8n \u00e9p, x\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t, l\u00e0m c\u1ecf k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p vun quanh g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y r\u1ed9ng 0,6-0,8m.<\/p>\n

– N\u0103m th\u1ee9 hai ch\u0103m s\u00f3c 2 l\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 n\u0103m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, ngo\u00e0i ra c\u1ea7n ch\u0103m s\u00f3c c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y t\u00e1i sinh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch.<\/p>\n

– N\u0103m th\u1ee9 ba th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u0103m s\u00f3c nh\u01b0 n\u0103m 1 v\u00e0 2. N\u1ed9i dung ch\u0103m s\u00f3c g\u1ed3m ph\u00e1t d\u00e2y leo, m\u1edf t\u00e1n cho nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y lim x\u1eb9t v\u00e0 c\u00e2y t\u00e1i sinh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch b\u1ecb ch\u00e8n \u00e9p, x\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t quanh g\u1ed1c r\u1ed9ng 0,6-0,8m v\u00e0 vun g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

5. Khai tha\u0301c, s\u01b0\u0309 du\u0323ng<\/b><\/p>\n

G\u1ed7 gi\u00e1c l\u00f5i kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t, m\u00e0u h\u1ed3ng, ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e1c l\u00f5i ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u00e1c m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng x\u00e1m, l\u00f5i m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng n\u00e2u, v\u00f2ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng r\u00f5, r\u1ed9ng 4-8mm, tia g\u1ed7 nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 h\u1eb9p, th\u1edb m\u1ecbn, \u00edt b\u1ecb m\u1ed1i m\u1ecdt, cong v\u00eanh.<\/p>\n

G\u1ed7 Lim x\u1eb9t thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m V, c\u1ee9ng trung b\u00ecnh, n\u1eb7ng trung b\u00ecnh, kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch kh\u00f4 740kg\/cm3<\/sup>, t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng 0,7. D\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ed9c gia d\u1ee5ng, trong x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n

R\u1eebng 10 tu\u1ed5i t\u1ec9a nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y x\u1ea5u, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i 500-600 c\u00e2y\/ha, \u0111\u1ebfn 18-20 tu\u1ed5i t\u1ec9a l\u1ea7n 2 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i 200-300 c\u00e2y\/ha nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u1ea5y g\u1ed7 l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 s\u1eb5n gi\u1ed1ng, d\u1ec5 tr\u1ed3ng, r\u1ec5 c\u1ecdc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9, c\u00e2y c\u1ea3nh quan m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. R\u1ec5 ph\u1ee5 c\u00f3 n\u1ed1t s\u1ea7n ch\u1ee9a vi khu\u1ea9n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea1m c\u1ed9ng sinh.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

LIM XE\u0323T T\u00ean kh\u00e1c: Ho\u00e0ng linh b\u1eafc b\u1ed9, lim vang, x\u1eb9t v\u1ea3y T\u00ean khoa h\u1ecdc: Peltophorum pterocarpum (D.C.) Backer ex K. Heyne H\u1ecd th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt: Vang (Caesalpiniaceae) 1. \u0110\u0103\u0323c \u0111i\u00ea\u0309m hi\u0300nh tha\u0301i C\u00e2y g\u1ed7 l\u1edbn, cao 25-30m, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngang ng\u1ef1c t\u1edbi 50-60cm. V\u1ecf m\u00e0u n\u00e2u nh\u1ea1t, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00f2ng quanh th\u00e2n, khi gi\u00e0 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[15,72],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13165"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13165"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13165\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13168,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13165\/revisions\/13168"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13165"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13165"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13165"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}