{"id":13096,"date":"2014-06-18T10:15:26","date_gmt":"2014-06-18T03:15:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/?p=13096"},"modified":"2014-06-18T15:52:58","modified_gmt":"2014-06-18T08:52:58","slug":"bao-cao-tom-tat-de-tai-nghien-cuu-lai-tao-giong-mot-so-loai-bach-dan-tram-thong-va-keo-giai-doan-2-2006-2010","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/bao-cao-tom-tat-de-tai-nghien-cuu-lai-tao-giong-mot-so-loai-bach-dan-tram-thong-va-keo-giai-doan-2-2006-2010\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u00e1o c\u00e1o t\u00f3m t\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i: Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u lai t\u1ea1o gi\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n, tr\u00e0m, th\u00f4ng  v\u00e0 keo, giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2 (2006-2010)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b>I.<\/b><b> \u0110\u1eb6T V\u1ea4N \u0110\u1ec0<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc c\u00e2y tr\u1ed9i k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi lai gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u1ed1ng lai \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng quan t\u00e2m. Nh\u1eefng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 lai gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u1ed1ng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 Brazil, Congo, Trung Qu\u1ed1c, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, Philippin, Indonesia, Zambia&#8230;.. cho th\u1ea5y lai gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi c\u00f3 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9. Trong \u0111\u00f3 n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt l\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng lai <i>E. grandis<\/i> x <i>E. tereticornis<\/i>,<i> E.<\/i> <i>torelliana<\/i> x <i>E. pellita<\/i>,<i> E. torelliana<\/i> x <i>E. urophylla<\/i> \u1edf Philippin, <i>E. tereticornis x E. grandis<\/i> v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p lai gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i <i>E. urophylla<\/i> x <i>E. grandis <\/i>(B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n c\u1ef1 v\u0129)<i>; <\/i>\u00a0<i>E. urophylla<\/i> x\u00a0 <i>E. tereticornis <\/i>(B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n v\u0129 h\u1ec7)<i>, E. grandis<\/i> x <i>E. urophylla<\/i> (B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n c\u1ef1 v\u0129) do Vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc Kh\u00e2m Ch\u00e2u Trung Qu\u1ed1c ch\u1ecdn t\u1ea1o. Hi\u1ec7n nay Qu\u1ea3ng T\u00e2y &#8211; Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 35 tri\u1ec7u m\u1eabu t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng 2,3 tri\u1ec7u ha b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n, Qu\u1ea3ng T\u00e2y t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ed1ng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai cao s\u1ea3n v\u1edbi chu k\u1ef3 kinh doanh 4 n\u0103m cho n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 40m<sup>3<\/sup>\/ha\/n\u0103m v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 b\u00e1n \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 550 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u1ec7\/m<sup>3<\/sup> t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi 1,65 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng\/m<sup>3<\/sup>, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady doanh thu \u0111\u1ea1t kho\u1ea3ng 60 tri\u1ec7u VN\u0110\/ha\/n\u0103m v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c coi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e2y l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u tr\u00ean v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3i n\u00fai d\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n Qu\u1ea3ng T\u00e2y Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n<p>\u1ede Vi\u1ec7t Nam b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1996 \u0111\u1ebfn 2000 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u201cB\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u lai gi\u1ed1ng cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n\u201d do GS.TS L\u00ea \u0110\u00ecnh Kh\u1ea3 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 31 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed9i thu\u1ed9c 8 t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p lai v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2001 &#8211; 2010 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u201cNghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u lai gi\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n, tr\u00e0m, keo, th\u00f4ng\u201d do TS. Nguy\u1ec5n Vi\u1ec7t C\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1 v\u00e0 2 \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c lai t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m tr\u00ean c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng sinh th\u00e1i kh\u00e1c nhau trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2 (2006-2010) \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i lai t\u1ea1o, ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ed1ng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai, keo lai nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng v\u1ec1 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn 18 gi\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/2014\/06\/bao-cao-tom-tat-de-tai-nghien-cuu-lai-tao-giong-mot-so-loai-bach-dan-tram-thong-va-keo-giai-doan-2-2006-2010\/caythong\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-13136\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter  wp-image-13136\" alt=\"caythong\" src=\"http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/06\/caythong.jpg\" width=\"538\" height=\"717\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/06\/caythong.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/06\/caythong-375x500.jpg 375w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 538px) 100vw, 538px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><b>II. M\u1ee4C TI\u00caU, N\u1ed8I DUNG V\u00c0 PH\u01af\u01a0NG PH\u00c1P NGHI\u00caN C\u1ee8U<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>1. M\u1ee4C TI\u00caU \u0110\u1ec0 T\u00c0I<\/b>\u00a0:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ch\u1ecdn t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ed1ng lai cho keo (2-4 gi\u1ed1ng) v\u00e0 b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n (3-8 gi\u1ed1ng) c\u00f3 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u01b0\u1ee3t so v\u1edbi gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00e0 h\u01a1n 15-20% (t\u00ednh theo th\u1ec3 t\u00edch).<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ch\u1ecdn t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0m (3-5 gi\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0m lai v\u00e0 tr\u00e0m tinh d\u1ea7u) c\u00f3 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh v\u01b0\u1ee3t 10% v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tinh d\u1ea7u v\u01b0\u1ee3t 3-5% so v\u1edbi gi\u1ed1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00e0.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Tr\u1ed3ng 50ha kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng sinh th\u00e1i ch\u00ednh \u1edf 3 mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, Trung, Nam.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng Quy ph\u1ea1m tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai v\u00e0 lai gi\u1ed1ng cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y r\u1eebng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2. N\u1ed8I DUNG V\u00c0 PH\u01af\u01a0NG PH\u00c1P NGHI\u00caN C\u1ee8U <\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>a. N\u1ed9i dung nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/b><\/p>\n<p>1. Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc c\u00e1c c\u00e2y tr\u1ed9i cho c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i<i> <\/i>tr\u00e0m, keo, b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Thu th\u1eadp v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u lai gi\u1ed1ng (c\u00e2y hom, c\u00e2y chi\u1ebft, gh\u00e9p&#8230;) t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u00e2y tr\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n, keo, tr\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u01b0\u1eddn t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p gi\u1ed1ng b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9.<\/p>\n<p>2. Lai gi\u1ed1ng<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u1edf hoa, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho lai gi\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea5t tr\u1eef h\u1ea1t ph\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i tham gia lai gi\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng lai gi\u1ed1ng \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00e2y b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9, c\u00e2y lai: c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i, gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t, c\u01a1 l\u00fd, l\u00fd ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng b\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tinh d\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ed1ng b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 con lai tr\u00e0m.<\/p>\n<p>3. Kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m gi\u1ed1ng lai &#8211; So s\u00e1nh sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y lai v\u1edbi gi\u1ed1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9.<\/p>\n<p>4. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng sinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng (m\u00f4, hom) cho c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng lai m\u1edbi .<\/p>\n<p>5. Chuy\u1ec3n giao gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn cho c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng<\/p>\n<p>6. X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng quy ph\u1ea1m tr\u1ed3ng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai v\u00e0 lai gi\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y r\u1eebng.<\/p>\n<p>7. Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c theo d\u00f5i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m c\u0169 v\u00e0 xin c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn gi\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<p><b>b. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u00e0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc c\u00e2y tr\u1ed9i theo quy ph\u1ea1m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng r\u1eebng gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1eddn gi\u1ed1ng (QPN 15 \u2013 93), quy ph\u1ea1m k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng r\u1eebng gi\u1ed1ng chuy\u1ec3n ho\u00e1 (QPN 16- 93).<\/p>\n<p>\u00e0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Thu th\u1eadp v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n h\u1ea1t ph\u1ea5n theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a Moncur (1995).<\/p>\n<p>\u00e0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lai gi\u1ed1ng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n, tr\u00e0m theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a Moncur (1995).<\/p>\n<p>\u00e0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lai gi\u1ed1ng keo theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a Sedgley, Harbard v\u00e0 Smith (1992)<\/p>\n<p>\u00e0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m theo William v\u00e0 Matheson (1994)<\/p>\n<p>\u00e0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u:<b> <\/b>C\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u thu th\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh DATAPLUS, GENSTAT (Williams &amp; Matheson, 1994).<\/p>\n<p>\u00e0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0: Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc; ph\u00e2n t\u00edch tinh d\u1ea7u tr\u00e0m; nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u gi\u00e2m hom, nu\u00f4i c\u00e2y m\u00f4; ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb ph\u00e2n t\u1eed theo c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh d\u00f9ng trong c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u.<\/p>\n<p><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>III. K\u1ebeT QU\u1ea2 NGHI\u00caN C\u1ee8U V\u00c0 TH\u1ea2O LU\u1eacN<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>1. C\u00c1C NGHI\u00caN C\u1ee8U V\u1ec0 GI\u1ed0NG B\u1ea0CH \u0110\u00c0N LAI <\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>A. C\u00c1C KH\u1ea2O NGHI\u1ec6M GI\u1ed0NG B\u1ea0CH \u0110\u00c0N LAI GIAI \u0110O\u1ea0N 2001-2005<\/b><\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai t\u1ea1i Tam Thanh \u2013 Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd (4\/02 \u2013 4\/08)<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai t\u1ea1i Tam Thanh (7\/2004 -1\/2010)<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai t\u1ea1i T\u00e2n L\u1eadp \u2013 B\u00ecnh Ph\u01b0\u1edbc (7\/03-1\/2010)<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng gi\u1ed1ng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai t\u1ea1i Minh \u0110\u1ee9c \u2013 B\u00ecnh Ph\u01b0\u1edbc (7\/03-3\/2010)<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng gi\u1ed1ng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai t\u1ea1i B\u1ea7u B\u00e0ng \u2013 B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng (8\/02-3\/2010)<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng gi\u1ed1ng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai t\u1ea1i C\u00e0 Mau (7\/03-7\/2010)<\/p>\n<p><b>B. C\u00c1C KH\u1ea2O NGHI\u1ec6M GI\u1ed0NG B\u1ea0CH \u0110\u00c0N LAI M\u1edaI (2006-2010)<\/b><\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc c\u00e2y tr\u1ed9i c\u00f3 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng trong c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai m\u1edbi t\u1ea1i Tam Thanh ( 7\/07 \u2013 8\/2010)<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai m\u1edbi t\u1ea1i T\u00e2n Ti\u1ebfn \u2013 B\u00ecnh Ph\u01b0\u1edbc (5\/08- 5\/2010)<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai m\u1edbi t\u1ea1i Kinh \u0110\u1ee9ng C\u00e0 Mau (7\/2008-7\/2010)<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p lai b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai Y\u00ean B\u00e1i (4\/2008 &#8211; 8\/2010)<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai t\u1ea1i C\u1ea7u Hai &#8211; Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd (4\/2008 \u2013 8\/2010)<\/p>\n<p><b>C. C\u00c1C NGHI\u00caN C\u1ee8U KH\u00c1C V\u1ec0 GI\u1ed0NG LAI GIAI \u0110O\u1ea0N 2006-2010<\/b><\/p>\n<p>13. B\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh v\u00e0 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1eadm l\u00e0m c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng s\u1edbm<\/p>\n<p>14. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y m\u00f4 ph\u00e2n sinh cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ed1ng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn gi\u1ed1ng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2006-2010.<\/p>\n<p><b>Nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t chung:<\/b> Qua c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m gi\u1ed1ng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng sinh th\u00e1i trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn sau:<\/p>\n<p><i>* C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n tham gia lai gi\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00f3 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng cho t\u1eebng v\u00f9ng sinh th\u00e1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1m ph\u00e2n ra:<\/i><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n v\u00f9ng cao g\u1ed3m B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n grandis, B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n saligna, B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n microcorys;<\/li>\n<li>B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n v\u00f9ng th\u1ea5p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh ph\u00eda Nam c\u00f3 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu 2 m\u00f9a r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t: \u0110\u00f4ng nam b\u1ed9 g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n pellita, B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n caman, B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n tere v\u00e0 T\u00e2y Nam b\u1ed9 g\u1ed3m: B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n caman, B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n tere;<\/li>\n<li>B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n v\u00f9ng th\u1ea5p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh ph\u00eda B\u1eafc l\u00e0 B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n uro, B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n li\u1ec5u, B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n tere.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i>* \u0110\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p lai kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u1eb1m ph\u1ed1i k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u01b0u vi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y v\u00e0o con lai nh\u1eb1m t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng lai c\u00f3 \u01b0u th\u1ebf lai v\u1ec1 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi th\u00edch \u1ee9ng r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u00ecm ra nh\u1eefng gi\u1ed1ng lai ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p t\u1eebng v\u00f9ng sinh th\u00e1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng sau:<\/i><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 13 d\u00f2ng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng Qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u00e0 UE24, UC80, UE27, CU91, UE73, UC1, UC2, UE3, UE23, UE33, UC75, CU90, UU8 c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng lai n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh h\u01a1n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng U6, GU8, PN2 v\u00e0 PN14 \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eeb tu\u1ed5i 2 \u0111\u1ebfn tu\u1ed5i 6;<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng lai cho sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh ph\u00eda B\u1eafc (H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd, Y\u00ean B\u00e1i, V\u0129nh Ph\u00fac, Ninh B\u00ecnh l\u00e0 CT, UP, US, UM (trong \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p lai UP c\u00f3 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh, chi\u1ec1u cao th\u1ea5p t\u1eeb 7-11%);<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng lai cho sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh ph\u00eda Nam (B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng, B\u00ecnh Ph\u01b0\u1edbc, B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ecbnh, C\u00e0 Mau, An Giang) l\u00e0 CP, TP, CG (trong \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p lai c\u00f3 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 CP v\u00e0 TP);<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng lai cho sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh c\u1ea3 ph\u00eda Nam v\u00e0 B\u1eafc l\u00e0 UE, UC, UG trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng lai gi\u1eefa B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n uro v\u1edbi B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n li\u1ec5u (UE) th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u01b0u th\u1ebf lai v\u1ec1 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 ph\u1ea1m vi th\u00edch \u1ee9ng r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. (T\u00e2y Nam b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng Nam b\u1ed9, n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 50-55m<sup>3<\/sup>\/ha\/n\u0103m cho c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng lai UE33, UE27, UE24);<\/li>\n<li>Ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc s\u1edbm cho c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng lai b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2 tu\u1ed5i l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng;<\/li>\n<li>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 lai \u01b0u vi\u1ec7t (c\u00e2y tr\u1ed9i F1) l\u00e0m c\u00e2y m\u1eb9 cho lai gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p lai ba v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y lai n\u00e0y l\u00e0m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc gi\u1ed1ng lai th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 F2 v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf, h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i n\u00e0y v\u1eeba ti\u1ebfp ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 kinh ph\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb ph\u00e2n t\u1eed cho th\u1ea5y cho th\u1ea5y d\u00f9ng hai m\u1ed3i OPB8, OPC9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2y sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh v\u00e0 ch\u1eadm. Tuy nhi\u00ean c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft t\u00e1ch d\u00f2ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 c\u00e1c b\u0103ng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1c gen li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf c\u00e2y b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n. C\u0169ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ch\u1ea1y th\u00eam c\u00e1c m\u1ed3i ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb ph\u00e2n t\u1eed v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1 m\u1eabu c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng th\u00eam \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n th\u00eam s\u1ef1 sai kh\u00e1c di truy\u1ec1n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u00e2y sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh v\u00e0 ch\u1eadm.<\/li>\n<li>Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y m\u00f4 ph\u00e2n sinh cho th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 ch\u1ed3i v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ra r\u1ec5 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai \u1edf c\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m; m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho nh\u00e2n ch\u1ed3i b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai l\u00e0 BAP n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 0,5mg\/l v\u1edbi K n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 0,05mg\/l cho h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ea1t 14,2 &#8211; 17,4 ch\u1ed3i\/c\u1ee5m v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho ra r\u1ec5 b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o l\u00e0 IBA n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 2mg\/l v\u1edbi NAA 1mg\/l cho t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ra r\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ea1t tr\u00ean 90% \u1edf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>2. C\u00c1C NGHI\u00caN C\u1ee8U V\u1ec0 GI\u1ed0NG KEO LAI NH\u00c2N T\u1ea0O<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>A. KH\u1ea2O NGHI\u1ec6M GI\u1ed0NG KEO LAI NH\u00c2N T\u1ea0O GIAI \u0110O\u1ea0N 2001-2005<\/b><\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng gi\u1ed1ng keo lai nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o t\u1ea1i C\u1ea9m Qu\u1ef3 &#8211; H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i (2001-2008)<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng keo lai nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o t\u1ea1i Tam Thanh ( 2003-2010)<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng keo lai nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o t\u1ea1i B\u00ecnh \u0110i\u1ec1n \u2013 Hu\u1ebf (2003-2008)<\/p>\n<p><b>B. CH\u1eccN L\u1eccC C\u00c2Y LAI V\u00c0 KH\u1ea2O NGHI\u1ec6M GI\u1ed0NG GIAI \u0110O\u1ea0N 2006-2010<\/b><\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc c\u00e2y tr\u1ed9i keo lai nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o c\u00f3 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng trong c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p lai<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m gi\u1ed1ng keo lai nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o t\u1ea1i C\u1ea9m Qu\u1ef3 &#8211; H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i (2006-2010)<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng keo lai nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o t\u1ea1i Th\u00e1c B\u00e0 &#8211; Y\u00ean B\u00e1i (2008-2010)<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng keo lai nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o \u1edf C\u1ea7u Hai Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd (2008-2010)<\/p>\n<p><b>C. C\u00c1C NGHI\u00caN C\u1ee8U KH\u00c1C V\u1ec0 GI\u1ed0NG KEO LAI NH\u00c2N T\u1ea0O ( 2006-2010)<\/b><\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ed1ng keo lai nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng l\u00e0m b\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 keo lai nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nu\u00f4i c\u00e2y m\u00f4 ph\u00e2n sinh cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ed1ng keo lai nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o c\u00f3 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng<\/p>\n<p><b>Nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t chung:<\/b> Qua c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m gi\u1ed1ng keo lai nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng sinh th\u00e1i trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u01b0ng th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn sau:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 5 d\u00f2ng keo lai nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o l\u00e0 <b>MA1, MAM8, MA2, AM2, AM3<\/b> \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng keo lai t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn gi\u1ed1ng qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng lai AM2, AM3 v\u1eeba c\u00f3 \u01b0u th\u1ebf lai v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eeba c\u00f3 \u01b0u th\u1ebf lai v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng keo lai nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o AM2, AM3 \u0111\u1ec1u v\u01b0\u1ee3t h\u01a1n so Keo l\u00e1 tr\u00e0m l\u00e0 7,3%, Keo tai t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 9,3% v\u00e0 keo lai t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 11,6%).<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; T\u1ea1i kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m \u1edf Y\u00ean B\u00e1i 2 d\u00f2ng keo lai nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o AM22, AM23 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh h\u01a1n d\u00f2ng BV10, BV32 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t th\u1ec3 t\u00edch th\u00e2n c\u00e2y sau 26 th\u00e1ng l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng l\u00e0 40dm<sup>3<\/sup>\/c\u00e2y v\u00e0 33,6dm<sup>3<\/sup>\/c\u00e2y; Hai t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p lai Am35Aa<sub>VP2<\/sub>\u00a0 v\u00e0 Am35Aa<sub>VT2<\/sub> sau 2 n\u0103m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 7-10 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed9i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh t\u1eeb 13cm \u0111\u1ebfn 15cm, \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng \u1edf c\u00e1c kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m ti\u1ebfp theo.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc s\u1edbm c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng keo lai nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 6-12 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng v\u1eeba ti\u1ebfp ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 kinh ph\u00ed m\u00e0 v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf (kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ebfn tu\u1ed5i 3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eaft c\u00e2y t\u1ea1o ch\u1ed3i).<\/p>\n<p><b>3. NGHI\u00caN C\u1ee8U V\u1ec0 KH\u1ea2O NGHI\u1ec6M GI\u1ed0NG TH\u00d4NG LAI GIAI \u0110O\u1ea0N 2001-2005<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Theo k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t n\u0103m 2006-2010 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 th\u00f4ng lai kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u lai gi\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 theo d\u00f5i kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m th\u00f4ng \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc(2001-2005). B\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u00e0y tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u \u0111o \u0111\u1ebfm m\u1edbi n\u0103m 2010 qua s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u ph\u00e2n t\u00edch cho th\u1ea5y: Sau 8 n\u0103m theo d\u00f5i kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng lai trong lo\u00e0i v\u00e0 kh\u00e1c lo\u00e0i cho th\u1ea5y sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng lai l\u00e0 ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n gi\u1ed1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t {Th\u00f4ng \u0111u\u00f4i ng\u1ef1a (Ma sx) v\u00e0 Th\u00f4ng carib\u00ea (Ca sx)} v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u01b0u th\u1ebf lai v\u1ec1 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng trong c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p lai c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. \u00a0Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u1edbi 10 n\u0103m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u lai t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m gi\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng lai cho th\u1ea5y h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i n\u00e0y hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u01b0a mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n qu\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf (c\u00e2y sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 hay n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u01b0u th\u1ebf lai c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p lai \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do ngu\u1ed3n gen c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng (c\u00e2y tr\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 lai t\u1ea1o) c\u00f2n h\u1eb9p), V\u00ec v\u1eady, theo n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ebft minh t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 3 (2011-2015) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 lai gi\u1ed1ng, kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m gi\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng lai s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u1edf \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p><b>4 C\u00c1C NGHI\u00caN C\u1ee8U V\u1ec0 GI\u1ed0NG TR\u00c0M LAI <\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>A. C\u00c1C KH\u1ea2O NGHI\u1ec6M GI\u1ed0NG TR\u00c0M LAI GIAI \u0110O\u1ea0N 2001-2005<\/b><\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0m lai t\u1ea1i Ninh B\u00ecnh (2004-2009)<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u00e0m lai tr\u00ean c\u00e1t tr\u1eafng Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb (2004-2010)<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0m lai t\u1ea1i C\u1ea9m Qu\u1ef3 &#8211; H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i (2003-2010)<\/p>\n<p><b>B. C\u00c1C KH\u1ea2O NGHI\u1ec6M GI\u1ed0NG TR\u00c0M LAI GIAI \u0110O\u1ea0N 2006-2010<\/b><\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0m lai t\u1ea1i Tri T\u00f4n An Giang (1\/07-1\/2010)<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0m lai t\u1ea1i Ninh B\u00ecnh (1\/2006 -10\/2010)<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u00e0m lai tr\u00ean b\u00e3i th\u1ea3i than Qu\u1ea3ng Ninh (2007-2010)<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0m lai t\u1ea1i Ninh S\u01a1n Ninh Thu\u1eadn (2008-2010)<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0m t\u00ednh d\u1ea7u (<i>M. cajuputi<\/i>) t\u1ea1i Hu\u1ebf (12\/2008- 4-2010)<\/p>\n<p><b>C. C\u00c1C NGHI\u00caN C\u1ee8U KH\u00c1C V\u1ec0 GI\u1ed0NG TR\u00c0M LAI V\u00c0 TR\u00c0M TA<\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0m lai tr\u1ed3ng t\u1ea1i Ninh B\u00ecnh<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110i\u1ec1u tra \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 b\u1ec7nh cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0m lai t\u1ea1i Ba V\u00ec H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng hom tr\u00e0m ta ( <i>M. cajuputi<\/i>) c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tinh d\u1ea7u<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0m ta theo h\u01b0\u1edbng tinh d\u1ea7u<\/p>\n<p><b>Nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t chung:<\/b> Qua c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m gi\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0m lai tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng sinh th\u00e1i trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh sau:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p lai v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng sinh th\u00e1i kh\u00e1c nhau t\u1eeb l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1n v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3i n\u00fai hay v\u00f9ng c\u00e1t tr\u1eafng \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e1n ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f9ng ch\u00e2n n\u00fai \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t ng\u1eadp ph\u00e8n \u1edf T\u00e2y Nam b\u1ed9.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt trong kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m gi\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0m lai l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p tr\u00e0m lai tr\u00ean \u201c\u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1\u201d nh\u01b0 b\u00e3i th\u1ea3i than \u1edf Qu\u1ea3ng Ninh, \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1t tr\u1eafng \u1edf Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb, \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1n \u1edf Ninh Thu\u1eadn.<\/li>\n<li>Bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u01b0u th\u1ebf lai v\u1ec1 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh n\u01a1i kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m. N\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p lai tr\u00e0m sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh v\u00e0 \u01b0u th\u1ebf lai bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t. N\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea5t x\u1ea5u c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p lai sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1eadm v\u00e0 \u01b0u th\u1ebf lai bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n y\u1ebfu h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0m lai \u1edf c\u00e1c kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m cho th\u1ea5y ch\u00fang c\u00f3 \u01b0u th\u1ebf lai v\u1ec1 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 \u01b0u th\u1ebf lai v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng th\u00e2n c\u00e2y nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai v\u00e0 keo lai nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o. Do v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 lai \u01b0u tr\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i keo lai v\u00e0 b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ec1 t\u00e0i c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 20 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed9i tr\u00e0m ta c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tinh d\u1ea7u (1,8 cineole) t\u1eeb 65% \u0111\u1ebfn 71,9% c\u00f3 c\u00f3 20 c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ea1t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u lo\u1ea1i 1.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><br \/>\n<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>5. C\u00c1C QUI PH\u1ea0M V\u1ec0 LAI GI\u1ed0NG V\u00c0 TR\u1ed2NG R\u1eeaNG TH\u00c2M CANH<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>A. QUI PH\u1ea0M LAI GI\u1ed0NG CHO M\u1ed8T S\u1ed0 LO\u00c0I C\u00c2Y R\u1eeaNG <\/b><i>(Theo v\u0103n b\u1ea3n m\u1edbi nay g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n)<\/i><b>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>B. QUI PH\u1ea0M TR\u1ed2NG R\u1eeaNG TH\u00c2M CANH B\u1ea0CH \u0110\u00c0N LAI\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>6. K\u1ebeT LU\u1eacN<\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>6.1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/b><b>V\u1ec1 tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc c\u00e2y tr\u1ed9i: <\/b><\/p>\n<p>+ \u0110\u1ec1 t\u00e0i tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 104 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed9i cho c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i keo, tr\u00e0m, b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m c\u00e2y b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 trong lai gi\u1ed1ng;<\/p>\n<p>+ V\u00e0 38 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed9i Tr\u00e0m ta ( <i>M. cajputi<\/i>), trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 <b><i>18 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed9i<\/i><\/b> c\u00f3 tinh d\u1ea7u cao v\u1edbi h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 1,8 cineole lo\u1ea1i 1 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1eeb 65%- 71,9% v\u00e0 8 c\u00e2y c\u00f3 tinh d\u1ea7u lo\u1ea1i 2\u00a0 v\u1edbi h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb 60%-65%.<\/p>\n<p><b>6.2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/b><b>V\u1ec1 lai gi\u1ed1ng: <\/b><\/p>\n<p>+ \u0110\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 lai t\u1ea1o m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c <b>300<\/b> <b>\u00a0t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p lai \u0111\u00f4i, lai ba<\/b> gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n,\u00a0 keo, tr\u00e0m (trong \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai l\u00e0 <b>152 <\/b>t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p, tr\u00e0m lai <b>132<\/b> t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p, keo lai nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o l\u00e0 <b>16<\/b> t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p lai);<\/p>\n<p>+ \u0110\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ea7n 100 d\u00f2ng keo lai v\u00e0 b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai c\u00f3 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng th\u00e2n \u0111\u1eb9p, c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m. Sau 2 n\u0103m kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m cho th\u1ea5y sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1t 11 cm v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh v\u00e0 11,5 m chi\u1ec1u cao \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng Kinh \u0111\u1ee9ng C\u00e0 Mau v\u00e0 T\u00e2n ti\u1ebfn \u2013 B\u00ecnh Ph\u01b0\u1edbc;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b><i>V\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 l\u00fd g\u1ed7 3 gi\u1ed1ng keo lai nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o <\/i><\/b>AM2, AM3, MAM8 \u1edf tu\u1ed5i 7 cho th\u1ea5y so v\u1edbi g\u1ed7 Keo l\u00e1 tr\u00e0m, Keo tai t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 keo lai t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, g\u1ed7 keo lai nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o AM<sub>2<\/sub>, AM<sub>3<\/sub> c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh t\u1ed1t\u00a0 (kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch, s\u1ee9c ch\u1ecbu n\u00e9n d\u1ecdc, s\u1ee9c u\u1ed1n t\u0129nh) h\u01a1n Keo l\u00e1 tr\u00e0m, Keo tai t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 keo lai t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean;<\/li>\n<li><b><i>V\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng b\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng keo lai nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o<\/i><\/b> (AM2. AM3, MAM8) v\u00e0 b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o (UE27)\u00a0 \u1edf tu\u1ed5i 5 cho ph\u00e9p r\u00fat ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: T\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng g\u1ed7 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1eabu keo lai v\u00e0 b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00e1 cao, \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1t tr\u00ean 520kg\/m<sup>3<\/sup> tr\u1eeb m\u1eabu MAM8 (479,7 kg\/m<sup>3<\/sup>); H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng xenluloza\u00a0 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1eabu keo lai v\u00e0 b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00e1 cao: \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1t tr\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi 50% v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lignin v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t tan th\u1ea5p;<\/li>\n<li><b><i>C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u <\/i><\/b><b><i>gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu l\u00e1 tr\u00e0m lai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn sau<\/i><\/b>:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>+ Con lai F1 trong th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh trung gian so v\u1edbi b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 kh\u00e1 r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t m\u00e0 c\u00f2n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ra t\u00ednh \u01b0u th\u1ebf lai v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh tr\u1ea1ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tuy nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<p>+ T\u1ebf b\u00e0o kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00e2y trong t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p lai tr\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trung gian gi\u1eefa b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 tham gia lai gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1ed7 kh\u00ed \u1edf m\u1eb7t tr\u00ean l\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n m\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b><i>Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa d\u00f2ng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh v\u00e0 ch\u1eadm \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9\u00a0 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed cho th\u1ea5y: <\/i><\/b><i><\/i><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>+ D\u00f9ng hai m\u1ed3i OPB8, OPC9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2y sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh v\u00e0 ch\u1eadm. V\u1edbi m\u1ed3i OPB8 c\u00e1c m\u1eabu c\u00e2y b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh (UE24, U6, PN2, PN14) \u0111\u1ec1u cho 7 b\u0103ng, trong khi c\u00e2y sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1eadm (UE4) ch\u1ec9 cho 1 b\u0103ng (<b>500bp<\/b>). T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1edbi m\u1ed3i <b>OPC9<\/b> \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u00e2y sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh \u0111\u1ec1u cho 2 b\u0103ng (<b>1300bp v\u00e0 1400bp<\/b>), nh\u01b0ng \u1edf c\u00e2y sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1eadm ch\u1ec9 cho 1 b\u0103ng (1300bp). C\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft t\u00e1ch d\u00f2ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc\u00a0 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 c\u00e1c b\u0103ng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1c gen li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf c\u00e2y b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p>+ C\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ch\u1ea1y th\u00eam c\u00e1c m\u1ed3i ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb ph\u00e2n t\u1eed v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1 m\u1eabu c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng th\u00eam \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n th\u00eam s\u1ef1 sai kh\u00e1c di truy\u1ec1n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u00e2y sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh v\u00e0 ch\u1eadm.<\/p>\n<p><b>6.3 V\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m gi\u1ed1ng lai<\/b><\/p>\n<p>X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c 50 ha kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m m\u1edbi v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 51 ha c\u0169 c\u1ee7a giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2001-2005 cho c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng keo lai nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai, tr\u00e0m lai cho ph\u00e9p r\u00fat ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn sau:<\/p>\n<p><b><i>V\u1ec1 b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai:<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 13 d\u00f2ng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng Qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u00e0 UE24, UC80, UE27, CU91, UE73, UC1, UC2, , UE3, UE23, UE33, UC75, CU90, UU8 c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng lai n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh h\u01a1n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng U6, GU8, PN2 v\u00e0 PN14 \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eeb tu\u1ed5i 2 \u0111\u1ebfn tu\u1ed5i 6;<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng lai cho sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh ph\u00eda B\u1eafc (H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd, Y\u00ean B\u00e1i, V\u0129nh Ph\u00fac, Ninh B\u00ecnh l\u00e0 CT, UP, US, UM (trong \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p lai UP c\u00f3 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh, chi\u1ec1u cao\u00a0 th\u1ea5p t\u1eeb 7-11%);<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng lai cho sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh ph\u00eda Nam (B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng, B\u00ecnh Ph\u01b0\u1edbc,B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ecbnh, C\u00e0 Mau, An Giang) l\u00e0 CP, TP, CG (trong \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p lai c\u00f3 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 CP v\u00e0 TP);<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng lai cho sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh c\u1ea3 ph\u00eda Nam v\u00e0 B\u1eafc l\u00e0 UE, UC, UG trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng lai gi\u1eefa B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n uro v\u1edbi B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n li\u1ec5u (UE) th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u01b0u th\u1ebf lai v\u1ec1 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 ph\u1ea1m vi th\u00edch \u1ee9ng r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. (T\u00e2y Nam b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng Nam b\u1ed9, n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 50-55m<sup>3<\/sup>\/ha\/n\u0103m cho c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng lai UE33, UE27, UE24);<\/li>\n<li>Ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc s\u1edbm cho c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng lai b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2 tu\u1ed5i l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng;<\/li>\n<li>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 lai \u01b0u vi\u1ec7t (c\u00e2y tr\u1ed9i F1) l\u00e0m c\u00e2y m\u1eb9 cho lai gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p lai ba v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y lai n\u00e0y l\u00e0m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc gi\u1ed1ng lai th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 F2 v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf, h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i n\u00e0y v\u1eeba ti\u1ebfp ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 kinh ph\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>V\u1ec1 keo lai nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 5 d\u00f2ng keo lai nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o l\u00e0 <b>MA1, MAM8, MA2, AM2, AM3<\/b> \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng keo lai t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn gi\u1ed1ng qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt;<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng lai AM2, AM3 v\u1eeba c\u00f3 \u01b0u th\u1ebf lai v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eeba c\u00f3 \u01b0u th\u1ebf lai v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng keo lai nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o AM2, AM3 \u0111\u1ec1u v\u01b0\u1ee3t h\u01a1n so Keo l\u00e1 tr\u00e0m l\u00e0 7,3%, Keo tai t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 9,3% v\u00e0 keo lai t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 11,6%).<\/li>\n<li>T\u1ea1i kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m \u1edf Y\u00ean B\u00e1i 2 d\u00f2ng keo lai nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o AM22, AM23 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh h\u01a1n d\u00f2ng BV10, BV32 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t th\u1ec3 t\u00edch th\u00e2n c\u00e2y sau 26 th\u00e1ng l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng l\u00e0 40dm<sup>3<\/sup>\/c\u00e2y v\u00e0 33,6dm<sup>3<\/sup>\/c\u00e2y; Hai t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p lai Am35Aa<sub>VP2<\/sub>\u00a0 v\u00e0 Am35Aa<sub>VT2<\/sub>\u00a0 sau 2 n\u0103m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 7-10 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed9i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh t\u1eeb 13 \u0111\u1ebfn 15cm, \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng \u1edf c\u00e1c kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m ti\u1ebfp theo.<\/li>\n<li>Ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc s\u1edbm c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng keo lai nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 6 -12 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng v\u1eeba ti\u1ebfp ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 kinh ph\u00ed m\u00e0 v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf (kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ebfn tu\u1ed5i 3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eaft c\u00e2y t\u1ea1o ch\u1ed3i).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>V\u1ec1 th\u00f4ng lai:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Sau 8 n\u0103m theo d\u00f5i kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng lai trong lo\u00e0i v\u00e0 kh\u00e1c lo\u00e0i cho th\u1ea5y sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng lai l\u00e0 ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n gi\u1ed1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t {Th\u00f4ng \u0111u\u00f4i ng\u1ef1a (Ma sx) v\u00e0 Th\u00f4ng carib\u00ea (Ca sx)} v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u01b0u th\u1ebf lai v\u1ec1 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng trong c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p lai c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/li>\n<li>Qua 10 n\u0103m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u lai t\u1ea1o cho th\u1ea5y h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i n\u00e0y hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u01b0a mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n qu\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf (c\u00e2y sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 hay n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u01b0u th\u1ebf lai c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p lai \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>V\u1ec1 tr\u00e0m lai<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>C\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0m lai l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p tr\u00e0m lai tr\u00ean \u201c\u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1\u201d nh\u01b0 b\u00e3i th\u1ea3i than \u1edf Qu\u1ea3ng Ninh, \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1t tr\u1eafng \u1edf Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb, \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1n \u1edf Ninh Thu\u1eadn.<\/li>\n<li>Bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u01b0u th\u1ebf lai v\u1ec1 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh n\u01a1i kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m. N\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p lai tr\u00e0m sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh v\u00e0 \u01b0u th\u1ebf lai bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t. N\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea5t x\u1ea5u c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p lai sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1eadm v\u00e0 \u01b0u th\u1ebf lai bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n y\u1ebfu h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0m lai \u1edf c\u00e1c kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m cho th\u1ea5y ch\u00fang c\u00f3 \u01b0u th\u1ebf lai v\u1ec1 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 \u01b0u th\u1ebf lai v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng th\u00e2n c\u00e2y nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai v\u00e0 keo lai nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o. Do v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 lai \u01b0u tr\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i keo lai v\u00e0 b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><i>6.4 <\/i><\/b><b><i>V\u1ec1 c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean <\/i><\/b><b>c\u1ee9u<i> nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng sinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng:<\/i><\/b><i><\/i><\/p>\n<p><b>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 +<\/b> Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng hom cho 72 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed9i b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n c\u00f3 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p lai US, UG, UUG, UCG, PG, PU, PUC, CS, CP, TP. T\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 hom nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 67.000 c\u00e2y t\u1ea1i 2 v\u01b0\u1eddn gi\u1ed1ng \u1edf C\u1ea9m Qu\u1ef3-H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u00e0 Tr\u1ea3ng Bom-\u0110\u1ed3ng Nai.<\/p>\n<p>+ \u0110\u00e3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y m\u00f4 cho 8 d\u00f2ng keo lai nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o l\u00e0 MAM2, MAM4, MAM5, MAM8, AM2, AM3, MA3, MA4 v\u00e0 6 d\u00f2ng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai l\u00e0 UE24, UC1, UC2, UC75, UE23, UE33. cho th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 ch\u1ed3i v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ra r\u1ec5 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai \u1edf c\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m; kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y \u1edf c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng keo lai nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n<p><b>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/b><b>+ \u0110\u00e3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng hom cho 10 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed9i Tr\u00e0m tinh d\u1ea7u<\/b> (TN1, TN3, TN4, TN5, TN6, TN7, TN8, TN9, TN14, \u0110L1) c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tinh d\u1ea7u cao ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ea1i Hu\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<p><b><i>6.5 \u00a0V\u1ec1 chuy\u1ec3n giao c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi cho c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf:<\/i><\/b><i><\/i><\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n giao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 18 gi\u1ed1ng lai m\u1edbi b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n v\u00e0 keo cho 3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf<\/p>\n<p><b><i>6.6\u00a0 V\u1ec1 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng qui ph\u1ea1m:<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 01 qui ph\u1ea1m tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai v\u00e0 01 qui ph\u1ea1m lai gi\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p><b><i>6.7<\/i><\/b><b><i>\u00a0\u00a0 C\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn gi\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi: <\/i><\/b><i><\/i><\/p>\n<p><b>+ <\/b>\u0110\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn 13<b> <\/b>gi\u1ed1ng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai trong \u0111\u00f3 3 gi\u1ed1ng qu\u1ed1c gia (<b>UE24, UC80<\/b>,<b>UE27<\/b>)\u00a0 10 gi\u1ed1ng TBKT (<b>UE3, UE23, UE33, UC1, UC2, CU91, UE73<\/b><b>, UC75, UU8, CU9)<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>+<\/b> v\u00e0<b> 5<\/b> d\u00f2ng keo lai nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o trong \u0111\u00f3 2 gi\u1ed1ng qu\u1ed1c gia l\u00e0 <b>MA1, (MA)M8 <\/b>v\u00e0<b> <\/b>3 gi\u1ed1ng TBKT l\u00e0 <b>MA2, AM2, AM3.<\/b><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>I. \u0110\u1eb6T V\u1ea4N \u0110\u1ec0 Ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc c\u00e2y tr\u1ed9i k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi lai gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u1ed1ng lai \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng quan t\u00e2m. Nh\u1eefng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 lai gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u1ed1ng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n lai \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 Brazil, Congo, Trung Qu\u1ed1c, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, Philippin, Indonesia, Zambia&#8230;.. cho th\u1ea5y [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[13,72],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13096"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13096"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13096\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13137,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13096\/revisions\/13137"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13096"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13096"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13096"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}