![\"Rung](\"http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/05\/Rung-PH-songDa.jpg\")
<\/a><\/p>\nCH\u01af\u01a0NG II: T\u1ed4NG QUAN C\u00c1C V\u1ea4N \u0110\u1ec0 NGHI\u00caN C\u1ee8U<\/p>\n
2.1. T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi: \u0110\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 GIS trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1ea3nh v\u1ec7 tinh \u0111a ph\u1ed5 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt.<\/p>\n
2.2. T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong n\u01b0\u1edbc: \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 vi\u1ec5n th\u00e1m trong l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1970 t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7n \u0110i\u1ec1u tra Quy ho\u1ea1ch r\u1eebng, tuy nhi\u00ean vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 vi\u1ec5n th\u00e1m ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn v\u1edbi \u1ea3nh v\u1ec7 tinh v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd (GIS) trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean r\u1eebng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y (FIPI, 2005).\u00a0 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n
Ho\u00e0ng S\u1ef9 \u0110\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 (2005) \u0111\u00e3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd (GIS) trong ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7u ngu\u1ed3n h\u1ea1 l\u01b0u s\u00f4ng M\u00ea – K\u00f4ng<\/p>\n
L\u1ea1i Huy Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 (2005) c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng GIS trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u theo d\u00f5i di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean r\u1eebng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1ec9nh nh\u01b0 Thanh H\u00f3a, Qu\u1ea3ng Ninh, L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n…<\/p>\n
Chu Th\u1ecb B\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 (2005) \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1ea3nh v\u1ec7 tinh Landsat MSS v\u00e0 Landsat TM\u00a0 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u thu th\u1eadp d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt t\u1ea1i L\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n – H\u00f2a B\u00ecnh giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1984 – 1992 – 2001<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/i>T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n (JAFTA, 1998), \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n D\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin cho qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1eebng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi t\u1ea1i Myanmar v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/p>\n
C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng vi\u1ec5n th\u00e1m v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean r\u1eebng \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 \u1edf nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c h\u01a1n n\u1eefa c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean r\u1eebng hi\u1ec7n nay v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta<\/i><\/p>\n
CH\u01af\u01a0NG III: M\u1ee4C TI\u00caU, N\u1ed8I DUNG V\u00c0 PH\u01af\u01a0NG PH\u00c1P NGHI\u00caN C\u1ee8U<\/p>\n
3.1. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau<\/p>\n
3.1.1. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e2u d\u00e0i:<\/i><\/i><\/p>\n
\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 vi\u1ec5n th\u00e1m v\u00e0 GIS trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean r\u1eebng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c tin c\u1eady, ph\u1ea1m vi r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c, chi ph\u00ed. \u0110\u01b0a nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean r\u1eebng cho c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan li\u00ean quan \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n
3.1.2. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft:<\/p>\n
1) T\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u00edch h\u1ee3p nh\u1eb1m n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cho vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i \u0111o\u00e1n \u1ea3nh v\u1ec7 tinh.<\/p>\n
2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt v\u00f9ng ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 s\u00f4ng \u0110\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng \u1ea3nh v\u1ec7 tinh v\u00e0 GIS.<\/p>\n
3) X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng GIS \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean r\u1eebng t\u1eeb c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o thu th\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb \u1ea3nh v\u1ec7 tinh k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u tra th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba. K\u1ecbp th\u1eddi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng trong hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean r\u1eebng, l\u00e0m c\u01a1 s\u1edf nh\u1eb1m gi\u00fap cho c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean r\u1eebng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng, ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean r\u1eebng v\u00f9ng ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 s\u00f4ng \u0110\u00e0.<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n
3.2. N\u1ed9i dung, quy m\u00f4 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u tra<\/p>\n
3.2.1. N\u1ed9i dung nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/p>\n
1)\u00a0\u00a0 Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 KHKT v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1ea3nh v\u1ec7 tinh v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 GIS \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean r\u1eebng.<\/p>\n
2)\u00a0\u00a0 Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f3a gi\u1ea3i \u0111o\u00e1n logic cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ki\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng r\u1eebng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh thu\u1ed9c v\u00f9ng ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 s\u00f4ng \u0110\u00e0 (R\u1eebng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00e1 r\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xanh, r\u1eebng h\u1ed7n giao tre n\u1ee9a, r\u1eebng tr\u00ean n\u00fai \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i, r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng, tr\u1ea3ng c\u1ecf c\u00e2y b\u1ee5i, \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1eaby, \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c<\/i>) b\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u thu th\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb \u1ea3nh v\u1ec7 tinh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n
3) Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 KHCN v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f3a gi\u1ea3i \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt v\u00f9ng ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 s\u00f4ng \u0110\u00e0 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao ( d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i cho n\u0103m 2002 ho\u1eb7c 2005, 2007). C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh trong h\u1ec7 kho\u00e1 gi\u1ea3i \u0111o\u00e1n.<\/p>\n
4)\u00a0 Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng GIS \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean r\u1eebng t\u1eeb c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o thu th\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb \u1ea3nh v\u1ec7 tinh k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u tra th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba, l\u00e0m c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean r\u1eebng v\u00f9ng ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 s\u00f4ng \u0110\u00e0.<\/p>\n
3.2.2. Quy m\u00f4 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u tra<\/p>\n
3.2.2.1. Ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111i\u1ec1u tra<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/i>Ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111i\u1ec1u tra kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh thu\u1ed9c l\u01b0u v\u1ef1c v\u00f9ng ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 s\u00f4ng \u0110\u00e0 g\u1ed3m 6 t\u1ec9nh: H\u00f2a B\u00ecnh, S\u01a1n La, \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean, Lai Ch\u00e2u, L\u00e0o Cai v\u00e0 Y\u00ean B\u00e1i. Nh\u01b0ng sau qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tra kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111i\u1ec1u tra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00fat g\u1ecdn l\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i 3 \u0111i\u1ec3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00e0: X\u00e3 B\u00ecnh Thanh v\u00e0 Thung Nai, huy\u1ec7n Cao Phong, t\u1ec9nh H\u00f2a B\u00ecnh, x\u00e3 Chi\u1ec1ng B\u00f4m v\u00e0 C\u00f2 M\u1ea1, huy\u1ec7n Thu\u1eadn Ch\u00e2u, t\u1ec9nh S\u01a1n La v\u00e0 M\u01b0\u1eddng Ph\u0103ng huy\u1ec7n \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean, x\u00e3 P\u00fa Nhi, huy\u1ec7n \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean \u0110\u00f4ng, t\u1ec9nh \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean.<\/p>\n
3.2.2.2. \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u tra<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/i>\u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u tra l\u00e0 8 lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 theo b\u1ea3ng kh\u00f3a gi\u1ea3i \u0111o\u00e1n \u1ea3nh l\u00f4gic g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n
+ R\u1eebng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00e1 r\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xanh\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (RTN)<\/i><\/p>\n
+ R\u1eebng h\u1ed7n giao tre n\u1ee9a\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (HGTN)<\/i><\/p>\n
+ R\u1eebng tr\u00ean n\u00fai \u0111\u00e1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (R\u0110V)<\/i><\/p>\n
+ R\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (RT)<\/i><\/p>\n
+ Tr\u1ea3ng c\u1ecf c\u00e2y b\u1ee5i\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(TCCB)<\/i><\/p>\n
+ \u0110\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1eaby\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (\u0110NR)<\/i><\/p>\n
+ \u0110\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (\u0110NN)<\/i><\/p>\n
+ \u0110\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c: D\u00e2n c\u01b0 v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (DC) & (MN)<\/i><\/p>\n
3.3. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u <\/i><\/p>\n
3.3.1. X\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 vi\u1ec5n th\u00e1m trong ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 l\u1eadp c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 r\u1eebng<\/p>\n
3.3.<\/i>2. C\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng <\/i><\/p>\n
3.3.3. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a vi\u1ec5n th\u00e1m v\u00e0 GIS nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1eebng<\/p>\n
CH\u01af\u01a0NG IV: V\u1eca TR\u00cd \u0110\u1ecaA L\u00dd, \u0110I\u1ec0U KI\u1ec6N T\u1ef0 NHI\u00caN V\u00c0 KINH T\u1ebe – X\u00c3 H\u1ed8I V\u00d9NG PH\u00d2NG H\u1ed8 S\u00d4NG \u0110\u00c0<\/p>\n
4.1. V\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00f9ng ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 s\u00f4ng \u0110\u00e0<\/p>\n
4.1.1. V\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd<\/p>\n
4.1.2. Kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, thu\u1ef7 v\u0103n<\/i> <\/i><\/p>\n
4.1.3. \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111ai th\u1ed5 nh\u01b0\u1ee1ng<\/i> <\/i><\/p>\n
4.1.4. Th\u1ea3m th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt<\/i> <\/i><\/p>\n
4.2. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m Kinh t\u1ebf – X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/p>\n
4.2.1. D\u00e2n s\u1ed1, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c<\/p>\n
4.2.2. T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh Kinh t\u1ebf – X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/p>\n
CH\u01af\u01a0NG V: K\u1ebeT QU\u1ea2 V\u00c0 TH\u1ea2O LU\u1eacN<\/p>\n
5.1. T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 KHKT v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1ea3nh v\u1ec7 tinh v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 GIS \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean r\u1eebng<\/p>\n
5.1.1. Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u chung<\/p>\n
5.1.2.\u00a0 \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng vi\u1ec5n th\u00e1m v\u00e0 GIS trong ng\u00e0nh\u00a0 l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi:<\/p>\n
\u1ea2nh m\u00e1y bay \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1950 trong vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean r\u1eebng v\u00e0 theo s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea 40% th\u00f4ng tin khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho ng\u00e0nh l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n
T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1972, khi v\u1ec7 tinh Landsat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00f3ng l\u00ean qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o, \u1ea3nh s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu theo quy tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ea1m thu \u1ea3nh v\u1ec7 tinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh v\u1ec7 tinh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i n\u00e0o c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ea1m m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t, ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u201cb\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi m\u1edf\u201d. Ti\u1ebfp sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ec7 tinh c\u1ee7a SPOT, IRS (\u1ea5n \u0110\u1ed9), JERS (Nh\u1eadt) v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn nay l\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ec7 tinh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i si\u00eau cao, \u0111a gi\u1ea3i ph\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf ra nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh.<\/p>\n
5.1.3. T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p vi\u1ec5n th\u00e1m trong L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/p>\n
– Vi\u1ec5n th\u00e1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1edf Vi\u1ec7n \u0110i\u1ec1u tra quy ho\u1ea1ch r\u1eebng v\u1edbi t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u \u1ea3nh m\u00e1y bay. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1eabu gi\u1ea3i \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng cho t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i r\u1eebng theo ki\u1ec3u ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh, ki\u1ec3u t\u00e1n l\u00e1,\u2026 C\u00e1c b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean r\u1eebng, sinh kh\u1ed1i r\u1eebng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp.<\/p>\n
– T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1978, \u1ea3nh v\u1ec7 tinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u00ec ng\u00e0nh L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00f4ng gian v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 \u00e1n t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u1ebd t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p m\u00e0u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u Landsat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch gi\u1ea3i \u0111o\u00e1n, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 r\u1eebng trong ph\u1ea1m vi to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p t\u1ec9nh.<\/p>\n
– T\u1eeb n\u0103m 2000 \u0111\u1ebfn nay Vi\u1ec7n \u0110i\u1ec1u tra Quy h\u1ecdach r\u1eebng, Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 tri\u1ec3n khai m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng vi\u1ec5n th\u00e1m v\u00e0 GIS.<\/p>\n
– Vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng vi\u1ec5n th\u00e1m – GIS trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o ch\u00e1y r\u1eebng c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai \u1edf C\u1ee5c ki\u1ec3m l\u00e2m, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n
– Vi\u1ec5n th\u00e1m – GIS hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u quy m\u00f4 kh\u00e1c nhau, \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e2m tr\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean r\u1eebng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea5p ti\u1ec3u khu.<\/p>\n
5.2. X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f3a gi\u1ea3i \u0111o\u00e1n l\u00f4gic cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ki\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 thu\u1ed9c v\u00f9ng ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 s\u00f4ng \u0110\u00e0<\/p>\n
5.2.1. Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i \u1ea3nh v\u1ec7 tinh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i: \u1ea2nh v\u1ec7 tinh LandSat 7 – ETM, \u1ea2nh v\u1ec7 tinh Spot 5<\/p>\n
5.2.2. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i\u00a0:<\/p>\n
a. \u1ea2nh v\u1ec7 tinh khu v\u1ef1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u bao g\u1ed3m: \u1ea3nh v\u1ec7 tinh Landsat 7 – ETM v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh v\u1ec7 tinh Spot5<\/p>\n
b. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh: B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 1:50.000 v\u00e0 1:25.000 c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/p>\n
c. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba: C\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 \u00f4 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb, \u00f4 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb, \u1ea3nh ch\u1ee5p t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, …<\/p>\n
d. Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m: Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m x\u1eed l\u00fd \u1ea3nh ENVI 4.3, Map Infor 9.0, Glober Mapper 9.1<\/p>\n
5.2.3. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t theo tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111i\u1ec3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt khu v\u1ef1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/i><\/i><\/p>\n
Hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean r\u1eebng khu v\u1ef1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u: N\u0103m 2005 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 l\u1eadp 11 \u00f4 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi (ha\/\u00f4)\u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau l\u00e2m h\u1ecdc. Tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u00f3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean r\u1eebng khu v\u1ef1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, l\u00e0m c\u0103n c\u1ee9 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng kh\u00f3a gi\u1ea3i \u0111o\u00e1n \u1ea3nh v\u1ec7 tinh cho khu v\u1ef1c.<\/i><\/p>\n
5.2.4. Kho\u00e1 gi\u1ea3i \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng: \u0110\u1ec1 t\u00e0i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng 02 b\u1ed9 m\u1ea7u kh\u00f3a gi\u1ea3i \u0111o\u00e1n \u1ea3nh cho 02 lo\u1ea1i \u1ea3nh kh\u00e1c nhau\u00a0:<\/p>\n
– Kh\u00f3a gi\u1ea3i \u0111o\u00e1n l\u00f4gic d\u00f9ng cho \u1ea3nh v\u1ec7 tinh Spot 5 v\u00f9ng ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 s\u00f4ng \u0110\u00e0<\/p>\n
– Kh\u00f3a gi\u1ea3i \u0111o\u00e1n l\u00f4gic d\u00f9ng cho \u1ea3nh v\u1ec7 tinh Landsat 7 – ETM v\u00f9ng ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 s\u00f4ng \u0110\u00e0<\/p>\n
5.3. Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt v\u00f9ng ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 s\u00f4ng \u0110\u00e0 theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 kho\u00e1 gi\u1ea3i \u0111o\u00e1n \u1ea3nh logic<\/p>\n
5.3.1. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u00f4 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb v\u00e0 b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb<\/b>: <\/b>\u0110\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn ra 3 v\u00f9ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ea1i 3 t\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n, tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 l\u1eadp 150 \u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 90 \u0111i\u1ec3m ki\u1ec3m tra.<\/p>\n
5.3.2. \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i: \u0110\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 x\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 Kappa trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed9 sai l\u00e3n trong k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u1ea3nh Landsat-7 ETM v\u00e0 Spot5. Sau khi gi\u1ea3i \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 sai l\u1eabn n\u1ed9i nghi\u1ec7p. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao.<\/p>\n
5.4. X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u GIS \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p<\/p>\n
5.4.1. Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m<\/p>\n
5.4.2. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/p>\n
5.4.3. Chi ti\u1ebft thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong ph\u1ea7m m\u1ec1m<\/p>\n
CH\u01af\u01a0NG VI: K\u1ebeT LU\u1eacN – T\u1ed2N T\u1ea0I – KI\u1ebeN NGH\u1eca<\/p>\n
6.1. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/p>\n
Qua c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n
–\u00a0\u00a0 Vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 kh\u00f3a gi\u1ea3i \u0111o\u00e1n \u1ea3nh l\u00f4gic k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u tra th\u1ef1c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c \u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, \u00f4 b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb, \u0111o ph\u1ed5 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n s\u1ebd cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao. Qua k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i cho th\u1ea5y di\u1ec7n t\u00edch r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng t\u1eadp trung ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1ea1i khu nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ea1i Ho\u00e0 B\u00ecnh (1.550,4 ha); khu v\u1ef1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ea1i S\u01a1n La c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 r\u1eebng h\u1ed7n giao tre n\u1ee9a (1.794 ha), v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3ng c\u1ecf c\u00e2y b\u1ee5i (1.870,6 ha); khu v\u1ef1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ea1i \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng r\u1eebng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean (1.605,4 ha) v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ea3ng c\u1ecf c\u00e2y b\u1ee5i (1.281,7 ha).<\/p>\n
–\u00a0\u00a0 C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1ea3nh v\u1ec7 tinh SPOT-5 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean r\u1eebng b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3i \u0111o\u00e1n \u1ea3nh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c tr\u00ean 90%.<\/p>\n
–\u00a0\u00a0 S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u GIS s\u1ebd gi\u00fap cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a trong c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n
6.2. T\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/p>\n
Do h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf b\u1edfi ngu\u1ed3n t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o (\u1ea3nh v\u1ec7 tinh) v\u00e0 kinh ph\u00ed n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n
–\u00a0\u00a0 Ch\u01b0a \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean r\u1eebng khu v\u1ef1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u.<\/p>\n
–\u00a0\u00a0 Ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u chi ti\u1ebft h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 kho\u00e1 gi\u1ea3i \u0111o\u00e1n \u1ea3nh logic cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean r\u1eebng theo h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n nay.<\/p>\n
–\u00a0\u00a0 Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ban \u0111\u1ea7u theo \u0111\u1ec1 c\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1eb7t ra, ch\u01b0a t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n
6.3. Ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb<\/p>\n
– Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n qui tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp kho\u00e1 gi\u1ea3i \u0111o\u00e1n \u1ea3nh logic v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i \u0111o\u00e1n \u1ea3nh v\u1ec7 tinh SPOT-5 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n
– C\u1ea7n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ti\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i \u0111o\u00e1n \u1ea3nh v\u1ec7 tinh SPOT-5 t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u \u1ea3nh g\u1ed1c ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1c sai s\u1ed1 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc, v\u1eadt l\u00fd trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i \u0111o\u00e1n \u1ea3nh v\u1ec7 tinh.<\/p>\n
– Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1ea3nh v\u1ec7 tinh \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i cao trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean r\u1eebng, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, t\u1ed5 th\u00e0nh r\u1eebng, tr\u1eef l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1eebng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n
-C\u1ea7n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 cho vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u GIS m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 t\u1ed1t cho c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh theo d\u00f5i di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean r\u1eebng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m k\u00ea r\u1eebng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n
T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n CH\u01af\u01a0NG I: \u0110\u1eb6T V\u1ea4N \u0110\u1ec0 Qua t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p 20 n\u0103m qua \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n hi\u1ec7n nay c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a qui ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e2m ph\u1eadn Qu\u1ed1c gia \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, ph\u00e2n chia 3 lo\u1ea1i r\u1eebng ch\u01b0a r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[21,72],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13030"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13030"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13030\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13032,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13030\/revisions\/13032"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13030"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13030"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13030"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}\n