{"id":12934,"date":"2014-05-23T10:25:46","date_gmt":"2014-05-23T03:25:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/?p=12934"},"modified":"2014-05-20T10:30:30","modified_gmt":"2014-05-20T03:30:30","slug":"ky-thuat-trong-cay-huynh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/ky-thuat-trong-cay-huynh\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y Hu\u1ef7nh"},"content":{"rendered":"

HUY\u0309NH<\/b><\/p>\n

T\u00ean kha\u0301c: Hu\u1ec7ng<\/p>\n

T\u00ean khoa ho\u0323c: Tarrietia javanica<\/i>\u00a0 Blume<\/p>\n

ho\u0103\u0323c Tarrietia cochinchinensis<\/i>\u00a0 Pierre<\/p>\n

H\u1ecd th\u01b0\u0323c v\u00e2\u0323t: Tr\u00f4m (Sterculiaceae)<\/p>\n

1. \u0110\u0103\u0323c \u0111i\u00ea\u0309m hi\u0300nh tha\u0301i<\/b><\/p>\n

C\u00e2y g\u1ed7 l\u1edbn, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngang ng\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t tr\u00ean 1m, chi\u1ec1u cao 25-35m. Th\u00e2n tr\u00f2n, th\u1eb3ng, g\u1ed1c c\u00f3 b\u1ea1nh v\u00e8, v\u1ecf tr\u1eafng b\u1ea1c, c\u00f3 nh\u1ef1a trong. L\u00e1 k\u00e9p ch\u00e2n v\u1ecbt, c\u00f3 3-7 l\u00e1 ch\u00e9t, m\u1eb7t tr\u00ean nh\u1eb5n, m\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi ph\u1ee7 l\u00f4ng tr\u0103ng b\u1ea1c. Khi co\u0300n nho\u0309 c\u00e2y c\u00f3 l\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 x\u1ebb thu\u1ef3 ch\u00e2n v\u1ecbt. Hoa t\u01b0\u0323 vi\u00ean chu\u0300y, \u0111\u01a1n t\u00ednh, m\u1ecdc n\u00e1ch l\u00e1, m\u00e0u h\u1ed3ng. Hoa c\u00e1i c\u00f3 5 l\u00e1 no\u00e3n r\u1eddi sau m\u1ed7i l\u00e1 no\u00e3n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh 1 qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1nh, c\u00e1nh d\u00e0i 7-8cm, r\u1ed9ng 1-2cm, m\u1ed7i qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1t. Hu\u1ef7nh 25-30 tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e3 ra hoa, c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0ng n\u0103m ra hoa r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. Ra hoa th\u00e1ng 4-5, qu\u1ea3 ch\u00edn va\u0300o th\u00e1ng 8-9.<\/p>\n

\"Cay<\/a><\/p>\n

2. \u0110\u0103\u0323c ti\u0301nh sinh tha\u0301i<\/b><\/p>\n

Hu\u1ef7nh ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 t\u1eeb nam \u0111\u00e8o Ngang \u0111\u1ebfn T\u00e2y Nam B\u1ed9 nh\u01b0ng g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t \u1edf Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh. Th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao d\u01b0\u1edbi 300m so v\u1edbi m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 xa bi\u1ec3n, n\u01a1i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n n\u0103m 22-26o<\/sup>C, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n 1500-2500mm.<\/p>\n

Hu\u1ef7nh \u01b0a s\u00e1ng, m\u1ecdc t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i nhanh, chi\u1ebfm t\u1ea7ng tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a r\u1eebng, th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng h\u1ed7n lo\u00e0i v\u1edbi G\u1ee5, Tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng, Tra\u0301m, Cho\u0300, Ra\u0300ng ra\u0300ng, Ch\u1eb9o, B\u01b0\u1edfi bung. Hu\u1ef7nh th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ecf ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e1 m\u1eb9 gran\u00edt, phi\u1ebfn th\u1ea1ch mica, phi\u1ebfn th\u1ea1ch s\u00e9t. C\u00e2y \u01b0a \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t, s\u00e2u \u1ea9m, c\u00f2n t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1eebng. Tuy nhi\u00ean n\u00f3 c\u0169ng s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i c\u00f3 t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1eb7t n\u00f4ng m\u1ecfng 20-40cm. Khi nh\u1ecf Hu\u1ef7nh th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng nh\u1eb9. Hu\u1ef7nh t\u00e1i sinh kh\u00e1 trong v\u00f9ng ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t r\u1eebng sau khai th\u00e1c co\u0301 \u0111\u00f4\u0323 ta\u0300n che 0,3-0,8, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e2y t\u00e1i sinh 1000-1500c\u00e2y\/ha v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p chi\u1ec1u cao.<\/p>\n

L\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n h\u00e0ng n\u0103m c\u1ee7a Hu\u1ef7nh tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ea1t 0,9-1cm v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh, 80-90cm v\u1ec1 chi\u1ec1u cao. T\u1eeb tu\u1ed5i 5 \u0111\u1ebfn tu\u1ed5i 12 c\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng chi\u1ec1u cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh nhanh nh\u1ea5t, \u0111a\u0323t 90-130cm v\u00e0 1,4-2cm\/n\u0103m. Hu\u1ef7nh sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i nhanh, \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u1edf Ba R\u1ec1n – Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

3. Gi\u00f4\u0301ng va\u0300 ta\u0323o c\u00e2y con<\/b><\/p>\n

Thu h\u00e1i h\u1ea1t, gieo h\u1ea1t: Th\u00e1ng 8-9 qu\u1ea3 ch\u00edn, c\u1ea7n thu h\u00e1i k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi khi v\u1ecf qu\u1ea3 chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb m\u00e0u xanh sang m\u00e0u n\u00e2u. Hu\u1ef7nh sai qu\u1ea3, qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1nh, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng thu h\u00e1i ki\u0323p, qu\u1ea3 s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n theo gi\u00f3. H\u00e1i qu\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 va\u0300 \u0111em \u1ee7 4-5 ng\u00e0y. 1 kg h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 1500-1700 h\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea5t v\u01b0\u1eddn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd, b\u00f3n l\u00f3t, l\u00ean lu\u1ed1ng, l\u00e0m r\u00e3nh nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c gieo c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y l\u00e1 r\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Sau khi h\u1ea1t n\u1ee9t nanh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gieo theo r\u1ea1ch ho\u1eb7c gieo v\u00e3i tr\u00ean lu\u00f4\u0301ng. Sau khi gieo, che ph\u1ee7 m\u1eb7t lu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef \u1ea9m. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m \u0111a\u0323t 80-90%. Khi h\u1ea1t n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m, \u0111em c\u1ea5y v\u00e0o b\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

V\u1ecf b\u1ea7u polyetylen, c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 7-8cm, chi\u1ec1u cao 10-12cm. Ru\u1ed9t b\u1ea7u g\u1ed3m 80% \u0111\u1ea5t v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m + 20% ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng hoai.<\/p>\n

Che 40% \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng cho c\u00e2y, sau 3 th\u00e1ng gi\u1ea3m c\u00f2n 10-15%, sau 5 th\u00e1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf d\u00e0n che. T\u00f9y theo th\u1eddi v\u1ee5 tr\u1ed3ng, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00e2y con kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

Tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y con 6 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i, c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u cao 20-25cm v\u00e0o v\u1ee5 Xu\u00e2n (th\u00e1ng 2-3). Tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y con 9 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i, c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u cao 30-35cm v\u00e0o v\u1ee5 Thu.<\/p>\n

4. Tr\u00f4\u0300ng va\u0300 ch\u0103m so\u0301c r\u01b0\u0300ng<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ng\u00e0nh 04TCN-2006 – quy tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng Hu\u1ef7nh c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 NN&PTNT.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00f4\u0300ng Huy\u0309nh tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1eebng, tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e1 bazan, riolit, ph\u1ea5n sa, phi\u1ebfn s\u00e9t, granit.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu tr\u1ed3ng theo b\u0103ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e2y n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Hu\u1ef7nh s\u1ebd sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng theo r\u1ea1ch nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1eb7t h\u1ebft t\u1ea7ng c\u00e2y cao, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i t\u1ea7ng c\u00e2y b\u1ee5i, c\u00e2y nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u cao 5-7m, ph\u00e1t r\u1ea1ch r\u1ed9ng 2-3m.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean r\u1ea1ch tr\u1ed3ng m\u1ed9t h\u00e0ng c\u00e2y, h\u00e0ng c\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng 7-10m, c\u00e2y c\u00e1ch c\u00e2y 2,5-3m. M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 400-600 c\u00e2y\/ha.<\/p>\n

Hu\u1ef7nh th\u1eddi k\u00ec \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ecbu b\u00f3ng nh\u1eb9, sau l\u1edbn l\u00ean d\u1ea7n \u01b0a s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 \u01b0a s\u00e1ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. V\u00ec v\u1eady, khi ch\u0103m s\u00f3c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cho Hu\u1ef7nh khi c\u00f2n nh\u1ecf kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ph\u01a1i n\u1eafng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb c\u1edbm r\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

5. Khai tha\u0301c, s\u01b0\u0309 du\u0323ng<\/b><\/p>\n

G\u1ed7 Hu\u1ef7nh c\u00f3 m\u00e0u h\u1ed3ng s\u00e1ng, ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t, gi\u00e1c l\u00f5i ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t. Gi\u00e1c m\u00e0u n\u00e2u, l\u00f5i m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf, c\u1ee9ng, n\u1eb7ng, t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng 0,65-0,72. G\u1ed7 c\u00f3 th\u1edb m\u1ecbn, th\u1eb3ng, b\u1ec1n, \u00edt cong, v\u00eanh, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb m\u1ed1i m\u1ecdt, ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c va \u0111\u1eadp m\u1ea1nh, ch\u1ecbu m\u1eb7n, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, \u0111\u00f3ng t\u00e0u thuy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ea1c trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng ty L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Long \u0110\u1ea1i – Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01a1n 400 ha r\u01b0\u0300ng Huy\u0309nh co\u0301 l\u00e2m ph\u00e2\u0300n \u0111a\u0323t t\u01a1\u0301i 25 tu\u00f4\u0309i. T\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u00e0 0,7-0,8 cm\/n\u0103m, v\u1ec1 chi\u1ec1u cao l\u00e0 0,6-0,8m\/n\u0103m. C\u00e2y sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ed1t, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

HUY\u0309NH T\u00ean kha\u0301c: Hu\u1ec7ng T\u00ean khoa ho\u0323c: Tarrietia javanica\u00a0 Blume ho\u0103\u0323c Tarrietia cochinchinensis\u00a0 Pierre H\u1ecd th\u01b0\u0323c v\u00e2\u0323t: Tr\u00f4m (Sterculiaceae) 1. \u0110\u0103\u0323c \u0111i\u00ea\u0309m hi\u0300nh tha\u0301i C\u00e2y g\u1ed7 l\u1edbn, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngang ng\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t tr\u00ean 1m, chi\u1ec1u cao 25-35m. Th\u00e2n tr\u00f2n, th\u1eb3ng, g\u1ed1c c\u00f3 b\u1ea1nh v\u00e8, v\u1ecf tr\u1eafng b\u1ea1c, c\u00f3 nh\u1ef1a trong. L\u00e1 k\u00e9p ch\u00e2n […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[15,72],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12934"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12934"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12934\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12936,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12934\/revisions\/12936"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12934"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12934"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12934"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}